{"title":"Modelling intra- and inter-annual growth dynamics of Scots pine in the whole-tree carbon framework","authors":"Pauliina Schiestl-Aalto","doi":"10.14214/df.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/df.234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114160509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of early cleaning and precommercial thinning methods in juvenile stand management of Norway spruce stands","authors":"Karri Uotila","doi":"10.14214/DF.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131321793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A mature tree stem generally consists of a column of wood that is composed of a series of annual incremental layers and enclosed in a covering of bark. The dynamic variations of the bark are complex due to its structure and function: the thick outer-bark acts as a protective barrier against the abiotic and biotic environment; while the phloem is where sugar transport occurs. Much of the bark variation is due to the transport of sugars and its related processes. The driving force for sugar transport in the phloem is generated by the accumulation of sugars at source sites (e.g. leaves), which creates differences in gradients in turgor pressure along the stem. As a result, mass flow occurs – transporting sugars to sink regions that require it (e.g. stem and roots) for active growth, respiration and storage. The xylem pathway, which transports water in the opposite direction, is connected to the phloem in parallel along the entire length of the stem. The immediate connection between these two transport pathways suggests a functional linkage, as the phloem draws water from the xylem in order for mass flow to occur. The dynamic interactions between the xylem and phloem, and the processes occurring within the bark have great implications for whole tree physiology. The purpose of this thesis is to study the dynamic processes that occur within the bark and its interaction with other internal tree processes and the external environment. This is accomplished by first understanding the bark hydraulic architecture and its linkage to the environment, followed by its linkage to various tree processes. These linkages have not been thoroughly quantified, especially on an intra-annual (e.g. daily) scale. The study of bark hydraulic dynamics is of great interest because it is a relatively new topic with great potential. The changes of the bark in response to the environment may play a large part as a regulator to other tree processes. The thesis consists of four papers, of which one is a modelling paper and three are experimental (field and laboratory) studies. The model estimates growth by using dendrometer measurements as inputs for the model. Growth is estimated by separating the water-related influences from measured inner-bark, revealing a growth signal – proxy for cambial stem growth. Using this growth signal, a correlation study to microclimate variables is examined in one paper; and to assumed growth respiration in a second paper. The remaining two papers explore the seasonality of photosynthesis and respiration, and bark stem dynamics during the spring recovery period in the spring. As a conclusion of this thesis, these four papers show how inextricably linked, the individual tree processes are to the changes within the bark, due to the tight coupling with sap flow-related changes of the xylem. The culmination of this thesis opens new opportunities to further understand the dynamics of bark hydraulics and ecophysiological processes by implementing field me
{"title":"Dynamic variations in bark hydraulics - understanding whole tree processes and its linkage to bark hydraulic function and structure","authors":"Tommy Chan","doi":"10.14214/DF.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.229","url":null,"abstract":"A mature tree stem generally consists of a column of wood that is composed of a series of annual incremental layers and enclosed in a covering of bark. The dynamic variations of the bark are complex due to its structure and function: the thick outer-bark acts as a protective barrier against the abiotic and biotic environment; while the phloem is where sugar transport occurs. Much of the bark variation is due to the transport of sugars and its related processes. The driving force for sugar transport in the phloem is generated by the accumulation of sugars at source sites (e.g. leaves), which creates differences in gradients in turgor pressure along the stem. As a result, mass flow occurs – transporting sugars to sink regions that require it (e.g. stem and roots) for active growth, respiration and storage. The xylem pathway, which transports water in the opposite direction, is connected to the phloem in parallel along the entire length of the stem. The immediate connection between these two transport pathways suggests a functional linkage, as the phloem draws water from the xylem in order for mass flow to occur. The dynamic interactions between the xylem and phloem, and the processes occurring within the bark have great implications for whole tree physiology. The purpose of this thesis is to study the dynamic processes that occur within the bark and its interaction with other internal tree processes and the external environment. This is accomplished by first understanding the bark hydraulic architecture and its linkage to the environment, followed by its linkage to various tree processes. These linkages have not been thoroughly quantified, especially on an intra-annual (e.g. daily) scale. The study of bark hydraulic dynamics is of great interest because it is a relatively new topic with great potential. The changes of the bark in response to the environment may play a large part as a regulator to other tree processes. The thesis consists of four papers, of which one is a modelling paper and three are experimental (field and laboratory) studies. The model estimates growth by using dendrometer measurements as inputs for the model. Growth is estimated by separating the water-related influences from measured inner-bark, revealing a growth signal – proxy for cambial stem growth. Using this growth signal, a correlation study to microclimate variables is examined in one paper; and to assumed growth respiration in a second paper. The remaining two papers explore the seasonality of photosynthesis and respiration, and bark stem dynamics during the spring recovery period in the spring. As a conclusion of this thesis, these four papers show how inextricably linked, the individual tree processes are to the changes within the bark, due to the tight coupling with sap flow-related changes of the xylem. The culmination of this thesis opens new opportunities to further understand the dynamics of bark hydraulics and ecophysiological processes by implementing field me","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"8 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113933030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients plays pivotal role for functioning of every ecosystem. Biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen (N) are balanced by a network of interactions between plants, litter and soil chemistry, microbial communities, enzyme machinery and climate conditions. This thesis focuses on the role of terpenes in C and N transformations in boreal forest soils. Terpenes are abundant plant secondary compounds. The focus was on certain mono-, di-, and triterpenes. Soil incubation experiments revealed that terpenes increased the mineralization of carbon but decreased net nitrogen mineralization and net nitrification. Additionally they increased the amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the microbial biomass through enhancement of bacterial growth; however, they inhibited fungal growth. This study suggests that terpenes can act as a C source for some microbial communities. Moreover, terpenes showed inhibitory potential against enzymes, which are involved in C, N, P, S cycling. The mechanism of inhibition seems to be based at least partially on ability of terpenes to bind enzymes. The field experiment presented the effect of logging residues and wood ash on composition of terpenes and C and N cycling in soil five years after clear-cutting a Norway spruce stand. Logging residue treatment increased the concentrations of certain terpenes in the organic layer. Both, logging residue and wood ash treatments increased net N mineralization and net nitrification. Some changes in terpene concentrations correlated with C and N cycling processes, but the relationship between terpene concentration and C and N cycling processes remained still unclear in the field conditions. In conclusion, terpenes can affect C and N transformations in boreal forest soil. It is probable that terpenes change N cycling retaining more N in organic forms and potentially decrease nitrogen losses from forest ecosystem.
{"title":"The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils.","authors":"S. Adamczyk","doi":"10.14214/DF.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.228","url":null,"abstract":"Cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients plays pivotal role for functioning of every ecosystem. Biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen (N) are balanced by a network of interactions between plants, litter and soil chemistry, microbial communities, enzyme machinery and climate conditions. This thesis focuses on the role of terpenes in C and N transformations in boreal forest soils. Terpenes are abundant plant secondary compounds. The focus was on certain mono-, di-, and triterpenes. Soil incubation experiments revealed that terpenes increased the mineralization of carbon but decreased net nitrogen mineralization and net nitrification. Additionally they increased the amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the microbial biomass through enhancement of bacterial growth; however, they inhibited fungal growth. This study suggests that terpenes can act as a C source for some microbial communities. Moreover, terpenes showed inhibitory potential against enzymes, which are involved in C, N, P, S cycling. The mechanism of inhibition seems to be based at least partially on ability of terpenes to bind enzymes. The field experiment presented the effect of logging residues and wood ash on composition of terpenes and C and N cycling in soil five years after clear-cutting a Norway spruce stand. Logging residue treatment increased the concentrations of certain terpenes in the organic layer. Both, logging residue and wood ash treatments increased net N mineralization and net nitrification. Some changes in terpene concentrations correlated with C and N cycling processes, but the relationship between terpene concentration and C and N cycling processes remained still unclear in the field conditions. In conclusion, terpenes can affect C and N transformations in boreal forest soil. It is probable that terpenes change N cycling retaining more N in organic forms and potentially decrease nitrogen losses from forest ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114088926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban forests provide various ecosystem services. However, they also require fairly intensive management, which can be supported with up-to-date tree-level data. Until recently, the data have been collected using traditional field measurements. Laser scanning (LS) techniques provide efficient means for acquiring detailed three-dimensional (3D) data from the vegetation. The objective of this dissertation was to develop methods for mapping and monitoring urban forests at tree level. In substudy I, a method (MS-STI) utilizing multiple data sources was developed for extracting tree-level attributes. The method combined airborne laser scanning (ALS), field measurements, and tree locations. The field sample was generalized using the non-parametric nearest neighbor (NN) approach. The relative root mean square error (RMSE) of diameter at breast height (DBH) varied between 18.8–33.8%. The performance of MS-STI was assessed in substudy II by applying it to an existing tree register. 88.8% of the trees were successfully detected, and the relative RMSE of DBH for the most common diameter classes varied between 21.7–24.3%. In substudy III, downed trees were mapped from a recreational forest area by detecting changes in the canopy. 97.7% of the downed trees were detected and the commission error was 10%. Species group, DBH, and volume were estimated for all downed trees using ALS metrics and existing allometric models. For the DBH, the relative RMSE was 20.8% and 34.1% for conifers and deciduous trees respectively. Finally, in substudy IV, a method utilizing terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and tree basic density was developed for estimating tree-level stem biomass for urban trees. The relative RMSE of the stem biomass estimates varied between 8.4–10.5%. The dissertation demonstrates the applicability of LS data in assessing tree-level attributes for urban forests. The methods developed show potential in providing the planning and management of urban forests with cost-efficient and up-to-date tree-level data.
{"title":"Developing laser scanning applications for mapping and monitoring single tree characteristics for the needs of urban forestry","authors":"Topi Tanhuanpää","doi":"10.14214/DF.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.230","url":null,"abstract":"Urban forests provide various ecosystem services. However, they also require fairly intensive management, which can be supported with up-to-date tree-level data. Until recently, the data have been collected using traditional field measurements. Laser scanning (LS) techniques provide efficient means for acquiring detailed three-dimensional (3D) data from the vegetation. The objective of this dissertation was to develop methods for mapping and monitoring urban forests at tree level. In substudy I, a method (MS-STI) utilizing multiple data sources was developed for extracting tree-level attributes. The method combined airborne laser scanning (ALS), field measurements, and tree locations. The field sample was generalized using the non-parametric nearest neighbor (NN) approach. The relative root mean square error (RMSE) of diameter at breast height (DBH) varied between 18.8–33.8%. The performance of MS-STI was assessed in substudy II by applying it to an existing tree register. 88.8% of the trees were successfully detected, and the relative RMSE of DBH for the most common diameter classes varied between 21.7–24.3%. In substudy III, downed trees were mapped from a recreational forest area by detecting changes in the canopy. 97.7% of the downed trees were detected and the commission error was 10%. Species group, DBH, and volume were estimated for all downed trees using ALS metrics and existing allometric models. For the DBH, the relative RMSE was 20.8% and 34.1% for conifers and deciduous trees respectively. Finally, in substudy IV, a method utilizing terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and tree basic density was developed for estimating tree-level stem biomass for urban trees. The relative RMSE of the stem biomass estimates varied between 8.4–10.5%. The dissertation demonstrates the applicability of LS data in assessing tree-level attributes for urban forests. The methods developed show potential in providing the planning and management of urban forests with cost-efficient and up-to-date tree-level data.","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"48 191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125949095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The forest sector has been able to develop many new bio-based and sustainable products catered to business-to-business markets, but the sector still lacks a breakthrough in new forest products and services targeting consumer markets. This is due to higher prices of forest products compared to competing materials, such as concrete, steel, and plastics, but also due to a lack of new product and service innovations targeting end-consumer markets. To understand the emergence of bioeconomy, also bringing new consumer market opportunities to the forest sector, we need to understand the new business ecosystem. The business ecosystem model is a holistic view of the current institutions capturing stakeholder relations and opportunities brought by various resources and technologies. Better understanding of these concepts can lead to consumer-driven development of forest products and services, and improved competitive advantage. This doctoral dissertation introduces a holistic research and development model for new product and service innovations in the forest sector. This research was motivated by the fact that recent forest sector product introductions have been driven by the technology push, and therefore, this research concentrates on the consumer perspective to build new business models and the development of products and services to meet current consumer trends. Evolving sustainability trends among consumers, where bio-based forest products and services can fulfill consumer demand, are central in this thesis. The doctoral thesis consists of one book chapter and three peer-reviewed articles, each using different methodologies. The subjects and results of the papers are grouped into three themes in the framework of the Consumer-Driven Business Ecosystem Research and Development (CDBERD) model. The model extends the classical “technology-push and demand-pull” innovation model, to better consider consumer values, enabling resources and dominant logics along with the smooth flow of information during each phase of the research and development process leading towards new consumer-driven solutions.
{"title":"Changing institutions and consumer-driven development of forest products and services","authors":"J. Holopainen","doi":"10.14214/DF.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.223","url":null,"abstract":"The forest sector has been able to develop many new bio-based and sustainable products catered to business-to-business markets, but the sector still lacks a breakthrough in new forest products and services targeting consumer markets. This is due to higher prices of forest products compared to competing materials, such as concrete, steel, and plastics, but also due to a lack of new product and service innovations targeting end-consumer markets. To understand the emergence of bioeconomy, also bringing new consumer market opportunities to the forest sector, we need to understand the new business ecosystem. The business ecosystem model is a holistic view of the current institutions capturing stakeholder relations and opportunities brought by various resources and technologies. Better understanding of these concepts can lead to consumer-driven development of forest products and services, and improved competitive advantage. This doctoral dissertation introduces a holistic research and development model for new product and service innovations in the forest sector. This research was motivated by the fact that recent forest sector product introductions have been driven by the technology push, and therefore, this research concentrates on the consumer perspective to build new business models and the development of products and services to meet current consumer trends. Evolving sustainability trends among consumers, where bio-based forest products and services can fulfill consumer demand, are central in this thesis. The doctoral thesis consists of one book chapter and three peer-reviewed articles, each using different methodologies. The subjects and results of the papers are grouped into three themes in the framework of the Consumer-Driven Business Ecosystem Research and Development (CDBERD) model. The model extends the classical “technology-push and demand-pull” innovation model, to better consider consumer values, enabling resources and dominant logics along with the smooth flow of information during each phase of the research and development process leading towards new consumer-driven solutions.","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116342652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of ecosystem services, wide-spread in academia and policy making, emphasizes societal and economic dependence on natural systems for, among others, provision of food, fibres and water, regulation of climate and soil, and contribution to spiritual and cultural values. Anthropogenic pressures driven by rapid economic development are, however, causing a disruption in the benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems. Several economic sectors both depend on and impact ecosystem services. There is therefore maturing expectation for the private sector involvement in environmental governance worldwide, as firms are increasingly motivated to pursue sustainability for financial or strategic opportunities. This dissertation is among the first to address the current research void on the interactions between industries and ecosystem services. The topic is analysed in the context of extensive plantation forestry in the emerging economy of China. The main aim of this work is to investigate if and how the ecosystem services narrative can contribute to further develop corporate sustainability agendas and practices. Based on the findings from this work, ecosystem services research can provide insights and tools to pursue a more comprehensive and holistic acknowledgement of and response to interlinked ecological and social issues in corporate sustainability. For instance it can enable the understanding of company impacts and dependencies on ecosystems, and associated business risks and opportunities; deepen the analysis of company stakeholders’ perspectives and expectations; contribute to the design of sustainability-oriented practices; and enrich corporate disclosure practices. Further operationalisation of the ecosystem services approach into corporate sustainability would require a more systematic assessment and comparison of the relations between relevant business sectors and ecosystems, the analysis of global-local trade-offs, the internalizations of concepts such as ecological limits and ecological resilience, and the elaboration of suitable corporate and industrial response strategies.
{"title":"The ecosystem services approach in corporate sustainability: results from industrial plantation forestry in China","authors":"D. D’Amato","doi":"10.14214/df.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/df.221","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of ecosystem services, wide-spread in academia and policy making, emphasizes societal and economic dependence on natural systems for, among others, provision of food, fibres and water, regulation of climate and soil, and contribution to spiritual and cultural values. Anthropogenic pressures driven by rapid economic development are, however, causing a disruption in the benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems. Several economic sectors both depend on and impact ecosystem services. There is therefore maturing expectation for the private sector involvement in environmental governance worldwide, as firms are increasingly motivated to pursue sustainability for financial or strategic opportunities. This dissertation is among the first to address the current research void on the interactions between industries and ecosystem services. The topic is analysed in the context of extensive plantation forestry in the emerging economy of China. The main aim of this work is to investigate if and how the ecosystem services narrative can contribute to further develop corporate sustainability agendas and practices. Based on the findings from this work, ecosystem services research can provide insights and tools to pursue a more comprehensive and holistic acknowledgement of and response to interlinked ecological and social issues in corporate sustainability. For instance it can enable the understanding of company impacts and dependencies on ecosystems, and associated business risks and opportunities; deepen the analysis of company stakeholders’ perspectives and expectations; contribute to the design of sustainability-oriented practices; and enrich corporate disclosure practices. Further operationalisation of the ecosystem services approach into corporate sustainability would require a more systematic assessment and comparison of the relations between relevant business sectors and ecosystems, the analysis of global-local trade-offs, the internalizations of concepts such as ecological limits and ecological resilience, and the elaboration of suitable corporate and industrial response strategies.","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117214781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beaver in the drainage basin : an ecosystem engineer restores wetlands in the boreal landscapes","authors":"Mia Vehkaoja","doi":"10.14214/DF.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A service-dominant perspective on payment for ecosystem service offerings","authors":"B. D. Matthies","doi":"10.14214/DF.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/DF.219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130356233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International industrial competitiveness depends on many aspects. It can be based on cost advantages over international competitors, which are realized as higher market shares and increased trade flows in global markets. Competitiveness can also be improved by creating higher value through increased product quality and by means of sustainability. This places increasing strategic importance on scarcening natural resources and on how proactively environmental responsibility is perceived in the international forest sector in the future; as an additional cost or more as an opportunity of a high road to competitiveness? The goal of this dissertation is to analyze international competitiveness and its drivers from five different perspectives at the regional, country, and firm levels, with an emphasis on the pulp and paper industry. The empirical research problems of five individual research articles are approached by combining quantitative and qualitative data analyses. The time period from 1990 to 2030 was covered in the analyses. The results highlight the importance of forests, markets, and regulation in creating competitive advantages at different levels in the sector. The traditional forest sector factors such as resource availability and traditional economic factors such price competitiveness are going to play an important role also in the future. However, sustainability will become increasingly important for the value creation opportunities of industries. It is an opportunity for companies in their global value chains if the global environmental awareness and societal demand for sustainability continue to increase. Therefore, more responsible use of global forest resources can offer solutions to global sustainability challenges, and in the transition to a bioeconomy in which the forest industry plays a key role.
{"title":"On the high road to future forest sector competitiveness","authors":"J. Korhonen","doi":"10.14214/df.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/df.217","url":null,"abstract":"International industrial competitiveness depends on many aspects. It can be based on cost advantages over international competitors, which are realized as higher market shares and increased trade flows in global markets. Competitiveness can also be improved by creating higher value through increased product quality and by means of sustainability. This places increasing strategic importance on scarcening natural resources and on how proactively environmental responsibility is perceived in the international forest sector in the future; as an additional cost or more as an opportunity of a high road to competitiveness? The goal of this dissertation is to analyze international competitiveness and its drivers from five different perspectives at the regional, country, and firm levels, with an emphasis on the pulp and paper industry. The empirical research problems of five individual research articles are approached by combining quantitative and qualitative data analyses. The time period from 1990 to 2030 was covered in the analyses. The results highlight the importance of forests, markets, and regulation in creating competitive advantages at different levels in the sector. The traditional forest sector factors such as resource availability and traditional economic factors such price competitiveness are going to play an important role also in the future. However, sustainability will become increasingly important for the value creation opportunities of industries. It is an opportunity for companies in their global value chains if the global environmental awareness and societal demand for sustainability continue to increase. Therefore, more responsible use of global forest resources can offer solutions to global sustainability challenges, and in the transition to a bioeconomy in which the forest industry plays a key role.","PeriodicalId":375560,"journal":{"name":"Dissertationes Forestales","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125339103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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