Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021169
Yavor Lozanov, G. Dimov, S. Tzvetkova, Angel Petleshkov
The report presents a study of the costs for ensuring the quality of electrical energy and power supply in medium voltage and low voltage distribution networks. An analysis of the cost evaluation indicators for ensuring the quality of electrical energy covering a five-year period was made.
{"title":"Analysis of the costs for ensuring the quality of electric energy in electrical distribution networks","authors":"Yavor Lozanov, G. Dimov, S. Tzvetkova, Angel Petleshkov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021169","url":null,"abstract":"The report presents a study of the costs for ensuring the quality of electrical energy and power supply in medium voltage and low voltage distribution networks. An analysis of the cost evaluation indicators for ensuring the quality of electrical energy covering a five-year period was made.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115625621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021172
Tsvetomir Stoyanov, R. Spasov, P. Rizov
This article aims to present the power transformers supplied by non-sinusoidal voltages or supplying non-linear loads. A number of factors determine the use of such transformers- the continuous increase of photovoltaic power station, the number of non-linear loads in our homes and industry has also grown significantly over the last decade. On the other hand, more and more consumers need a stable and sinusoidal supply voltage. All these factors pose a number of problems to be solved and affect the operation of the power transformers. The article present the types of non-sinusoidal loads and their influence on the operation of the transformer-increasing the losses and the temperature of the transformer. The types of transformers according to the type of load are presented. Various solutions (with their advantages and disadvantages) to reduce the impact of non-sinusoidal voltages or supplying non-linear loads.
{"title":"Power transformers supplied by non-sinusoidal voltages or supplying non-linear loads- problems and solutions","authors":"Tsvetomir Stoyanov, R. Spasov, P. Rizov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021172","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to present the power transformers supplied by non-sinusoidal voltages or supplying non-linear loads. A number of factors determine the use of such transformers- the continuous increase of photovoltaic power station, the number of non-linear loads in our homes and industry has also grown significantly over the last decade. On the other hand, more and more consumers need a stable and sinusoidal supply voltage. All these factors pose a number of problems to be solved and affect the operation of the power transformers. The article present the types of non-sinusoidal loads and their influence on the operation of the transformer-increasing the losses and the temperature of the transformer. The types of transformers according to the type of load are presented. Various solutions (with their advantages and disadvantages) to reduce the impact of non-sinusoidal voltages or supplying non-linear loads.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124204945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10020195
T. Totev, B. Ignatov, Vasil Radenkov, M. Zlateva
The problem with the amount of carbon emissions generated when burning organic fuels is directly related to the efficiency of the applied technology. One of the factors indicating a significant influence on the thermal efficiency of the installations is the temperature of the cooling water entering the condensers of the steam turbines. Maintaining this temperature, in an annual aspect, is a significant operational problem, for the solution of which an idea is considered in this article.
{"title":"Reducing the CO2 Emissions from Coal Combustion in a Power Unit by Using Absorption Chillers","authors":"T. Totev, B. Ignatov, Vasil Radenkov, M. Zlateva","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10020195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10020195","url":null,"abstract":"The problem with the amount of carbon emissions generated when burning organic fuels is directly related to the efficiency of the applied technology. One of the factors indicating a significant influence on the thermal efficiency of the installations is the temperature of the cooling water entering the condensers of the steam turbines. Maintaining this temperature, in an annual aspect, is a significant operational problem, for the solution of which an idea is considered in this article.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123629860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021210
M. Slavkova, K. Milanov
The presented paper proposes an analytical model for description of processes of heating and cooling of low-power toroidal chokes and transformers, as the magnetic core and windings are not considered as a single homogeneous body. The equations of processes are presented, calculations and comparison with experimentally obtained results are made.
{"title":"Analytical Model for Thermal Analysis of Toroidal Chokes and Transformers","authors":"M. Slavkova, K. Milanov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021210","url":null,"abstract":"The presented paper proposes an analytical model for description of processes of heating and cooling of low-power toroidal chokes and transformers, as the magnetic core and windings are not considered as a single homogeneous body. The equations of processes are presented, calculations and comparison with experimentally obtained results are made.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126626335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021175
M. Georgiev, Alexandra N. Georgieva, K. Milanov
The paper presents a method for electrical load control using an optimization procedure to determine the optimal energy consumption with the utilization of different types of loads depending on their control opportunities, batteries, and renewable energy sources. The method gives flexibility to the energy system in the smart building.
{"title":"Optimal Demand Response of Smart Buildings with Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources","authors":"M. Georgiev, Alexandra N. Georgieva, K. Milanov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021175","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method for electrical load control using an optimization procedure to determine the optimal energy consumption with the utilization of different types of loads depending on their control opportunities, batteries, and renewable energy sources. The method gives flexibility to the energy system in the smart building.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"81 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120976729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021193
B. Boychev
Energy-efficient lighting is a priority both at national and European level. Street lighting is one of the major energy consumers in municipalities, which has an impact on the growth of energy consumption in recent years. The proposed design solutions lead to an increase in energy efficiency.
{"title":"Improving the energy efficiency of settlements by renewing the street lighting system","authors":"B. Boychev","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021193","url":null,"abstract":"Energy-efficient lighting is a priority both at national and European level. Street lighting is one of the major energy consumers in municipalities, which has an impact on the growth of energy consumption in recent years. The proposed design solutions lead to an increase in energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115745990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021190
V. Mladenov, V. Chobanov, Verzhinia Ivanova
Business models are an integral part of any innovation and change in how certain economic activities and relationships are carried out. Business models are of use of already existing or improved product/services, definition of market participant roles or even when a new project is planning. Driven by the energy transformation (change in both energy production and consumption behavior), a solution is proposed for the challenges that strives to enable DSO to procure flexibility services (intentional change in production/consumption at and for a certain period of time in a specific location against remuneration).
{"title":"DSO flexibility services Business Model Canvas","authors":"V. Mladenov, V. Chobanov, Verzhinia Ivanova","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021190","url":null,"abstract":"Business models are an integral part of any innovation and change in how certain economic activities and relationships are carried out. Business models are of use of already existing or improved product/services, definition of market participant roles or even when a new project is planning. Driven by the energy transformation (change in both energy production and consumption behavior), a solution is proposed for the challenges that strives to enable DSO to procure flexibility services (intentional change in production/consumption at and for a certain period of time in a specific location against remuneration).","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129149156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021147
D. Yordanov, V. Mateev, I. Marinova
This paper investigates the energy consumption of a microcontroller with an embedded FPGA microprocessor. Three programs combining logical operators typical for optimal control algorithm applications are implemented, and their energy consumption is estimated. Measurement setup for direct voltage and current measurements have been designed and used for FPGA controller testing during dynamic operation. The power and energy consumption have been calculated, and longterm power supply considerations have been made. Discussion on di/dt dynamics requirements estimation, for battery supplied IoT controllers, is also made.
{"title":"Energy Consumption Monitoring of FPGA Controller","authors":"D. Yordanov, V. Mateev, I. Marinova","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021147","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the energy consumption of a microcontroller with an embedded FPGA microprocessor. Three programs combining logical operators typical for optimal control algorithm applications are implemented, and their energy consumption is estimated. Measurement setup for direct voltage and current measurements have been designed and used for FPGA controller testing during dynamic operation. The power and energy consumption have been calculated, and longterm power supply considerations have been made. Discussion on di/dt dynamics requirements estimation, for battery supplied IoT controllers, is also made.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115516456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021151
T. Totev, B. Ignatov, Vasil Radenkov
In the last several years we published part of our research with focus on carbon dioxide emissions reduction when firing Bulgarian lignite from the “Maritsa east” basin. This paper presents an additional study for hydrogen as an additional fuel in the cycle.
{"title":"Hydrogen as a Fuel in CCGT","authors":"T. Totev, B. Ignatov, Vasil Radenkov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021151","url":null,"abstract":"In the last several years we published part of our research with focus on carbon dioxide emissions reduction when firing Bulgarian lignite from the “Maritsa east” basin. This paper presents an additional study for hydrogen as an additional fuel in the cycle.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123500257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021200
I. Angelov
The actual average values of the impedance of traction networks operated in Bulgaria are used in the work. Impedance values are measured during controlled short-circuits in different feeder zones. Based on a computer model, the traction network reactions during a short-circuit are checked. A physical model was developed for simulating short-circuits in traction nets at different distances from the traction substation and the used voltage and current transformers.
{"title":"Physical Model of AC Traction Networks for Simulating Emergency Modes","authors":"I. Angelov","doi":"10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BulEF56479.2022.10021200","url":null,"abstract":"The actual average values of the impedance of traction networks operated in Bulgaria are used in the work. Impedance values are measured during controlled short-circuits in different feeder zones. Based on a computer model, the traction network reactions during a short-circuit are checked. A physical model was developed for simulating short-circuits in traction nets at different distances from the traction substation and the used voltage and current transformers.","PeriodicalId":375606,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127996271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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