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Towards A Unified Radiology Information & Reporting System: Challenges and Way Forwards for the Developing Countries 迈向统一的放射学信息和报告系统:发展中国家的挑战和前进方向
Pub Date : 2020-08-13 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2020.02.000540
J. Rehman
A radiology report serves as an intermediary between a radiologist and referring clinician for suggesting appropriate treatment to the patients, aimed at better healthcare management. It is essentially a tool that assists radiologists in conveying their input to the patients and clinicians regarding positive or negative findings on a case. The objective of this paper is to discuss and propose Radiology Information & Reporting System (RIRS), highlight challenges governing its implementation and suggest way forwards towards its effective implementation across the public sector tertiary care institutions of Pakistan. In the end, it is concluded that the proposed RIRS would potentially offer enormous benefits in terms of cost savings, reporting accuracy, faster processing and operational efficiency as opposed to the conventionally available manual radiology reporting procedures and systems.
放射学报告是放射科医生和转诊临床医生之间的中介,为患者提供适当的治疗建议,旨在更好地管理医疗保健。它本质上是一种工具,帮助放射科医生就病例的阳性或阴性结果向患者和临床医生传达他们的意见。本文的目的是讨论和提出放射学信息与报告系统(RIRS),强调管理其实施的挑战,并提出在巴基斯坦公共部门三级医疗机构有效实施的方法。最后得出的结论是,与传统的人工放射学报告程序和系统相比,拟议的RIRS在节约成本、报告准确性、更快的处理和操作效率方面可能提供巨大的好处。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19: Evolution and Prevention COVID-19:演变和预防
Pub Date : 2020-08-12 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2020.02.000539
Wimalawansa Sj
Advanced age, having comorbidities, and vitamin D deficiency are three most important reasons for increased vulnerability to COVID-19 and also worsen complications and increase the risk of death. Despite the vast amount of information available and lessons learned, many countries are still not fully utilizing these to manage secondary peaks of COVID-19 infection. Factors associated with worse COVID-19 prognosis include, older age, ethnicity, male sex, having comorbidities, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking; all these are associate with vitamin D deficiency. COVID-19 symptomatology varies from mostly asymptomatic, to, up to 2% fatality. The latter is characterized by cytokine storm, an immune reaction, diffuse arterial thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary oedema, and death. Vitamin D deficiency positively corelates with disease severity, complications, and deaths. Considering the wider beneficial effects from maintaining vitamin D adequacy, prophylactic broader supplementation programs should be considered by all administrations on public health point of view. With excellent tolerability and safety, even with high doses of vitamin D, and a highly economical nutrient supplement, this approach should be prioritized.
高龄、有合并症和维生素D缺乏是增加对COVID-19易感的三个最重要原因,也会加剧并发症并增加死亡风险。尽管已有大量信息和经验教训,但许多国家仍未充分利用这些信息来管理COVID-19感染的二次高峰。与COVID-19预后较差相关的因素包括:年龄较大、种族、男性、有合并症、肥胖、糖尿病、高血压和吸烟;这些都与维生素D缺乏有关COVID-19的症状从基本无症状到高达2%的病死率不等。后者的特征是细胞因子风暴、免疫反应、弥漫性动脉血栓栓塞、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺水肿和死亡。维生素D缺乏与疾病严重程度、并发症和死亡呈正相关。考虑到维持维生素D充足的广泛有益影响,从公共卫生的角度来看,所有行政部门都应考虑预防性的广泛补充计划。这种方法具有良好的耐受性和安全性,即使是高剂量的维生素D,也是一种非常经济的营养补充剂,应该优先考虑这种方法。
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引用次数: 3
First Reported Cases of Urinary Myiasis in Iraq 伊拉克首次报道尿蝇病病例
Pub Date : 2020-03-17 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2020.02.000538
R. Alshimmre, M. Ismail
Myiasis is defined as invasion of the body by the larvae of flies, characterized as cutaneous (subdermal tissue), gastrointestinal, nasopharyngeal, ocular, or urinary, depending on the region invaded [1]. Any infection due to invasion of tissues or cavities of the body by larvae of dipterous insects [2]. The disease occurs predominantly in rural areas and is associated with poor hygienic practices. Myiasis producers can be divided into three classes:
蝇蛆病被定义为蝇幼虫侵入人体,特征为皮肤(皮下组织)、胃肠道、鼻咽、眼部或泌尿系统,具体取决于入侵的区域[1]。双翅虫幼虫侵入人体组织或腔体引起的任何感染[2]。该病主要发生在农村地区,与不良卫生习惯有关。蝇蛆病的生产者可分为三类:
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引用次数: 1
Visions of the Uterine Cavity 子宫腔的影像
Pub Date : 2020-03-12 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2020.02.000537
L. Mettler, Amaya Carreras Ugarte, A. Mettler, I. Alkatout, Wael Sammur, Meenu Agarwal
Advancements in modern imaging techniques such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computer tomography and other radiological procedures have improved the diagnosis of gynecological conditions to a great extent. However, the establishment of a final diagnosis and the initiation of appropriate treatment requires direct viewing of the uterine cavity as in hysteroscopy. In many cases, the patient can be treated during the initial hysteroscopy.
现代成像技术的进步,如超声、磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描和其他放射学程序,在很大程度上提高了妇科疾病的诊断。然而,最终诊断的建立和适当治疗的开始需要像宫腔镜一样直接观察子宫腔。在许多情况下,患者可以在最初的宫腔镜检查期间进行治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Acceptance and Cognitive Restructuring Intervention Program (ACRIP) in Telemedicine on the Symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder and Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents 远程医疗中青少年网络游戏障碍症状与心理健康的接受与认知重构干预项目
Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.31031/TTEH.2020.02.000535
Georgekutty Kochuchakkalackal Kuriala
“Gaming disorder”, the official nomenclature given by the World Health Organization (WHO) to compulsive online or offline gaming, was recently recognized as a mental health condition. It was included in the WHO’s 11th International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) released mid-2018 and characterized as “a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior (‘digital-gaming’ or ‘video-gaming’), which maybe online (i.e., over the internet) or offline, manifested by: (a) impaired control over gaming (e.g., onset, frequency, intensity, duration, termination, context); (b) increasing priority given to gaming to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities; and (c) continuation or escalation of gaming despite the occurrence of negative consequences.” These manifestations whether continuous, episodic or recurrent, must be present at least in the last 12 months to be significant for diagnosis. If severe symptoms and all diagnostic criteria are present, the length of time may be shorter. The ICD is used by medical practitioners around the world to diagnose conditions and by researchers to categorize conditions [1].
“游戏障碍”是世界卫生组织(世卫组织)对强迫性在线或离线游戏的官方命名,最近被认为是一种精神健康状况。它被列入世界卫生组织2018年年中发布的第11版《国际疾病分类》(ICD-11),其特征是“一种持续或反复的游戏行为模式(‘数字游戏’或‘视频游戏’),可能是在线的(即通过互联网)或离线的,表现为:(a)对游戏的控制受损(例如,开始、频率、强度、持续时间、终止、背景);(b)增加对游戏的优先考虑,以致游戏优先于其他生活兴趣和日常活动;(c)尽管发生了负面后果,但游戏仍在继续或升级。”这些表现,无论是连续的、发作性的还是复发性的,必须至少在过去12个月内出现,才能对诊断有意义。如果出现严重症状和所有诊断标准,则时间长度可能会缩短。ICD被世界各地的医生用于诊断疾病,并被研究人员用于对疾病进行分类[1]。
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引用次数: 0
Rurality, Alcohol Consumption and Telehealth: Laying the Foundation for Scoping Review 农村、酒精消费和远程保健:为范围审查奠定基础
Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.31031/TTEH.2019.02.000529
Salifu Yusif, Michael Erdiaw Kwasie
Globally, the issue of alcohol consumption and health issues have attracted the attention of health practitioners, scholars, policy makers and governments across the globe. The consequences of alcohol abuse and its health implications have been recorded in both developed and developing nations. The consequences of alcohol abuse spans across disability, diseases and death in all societies from a public health assessment [1]. This is of a particular concern to Australia, where the National Drug Strategy survey, 2016 revealing that 17% of Australians aged 12 or older consumed alcohol beyond reasonable levels [2], equivalent of taking more than two standard drinks (10g of alcohol) in a day [3]. Nearly 50% of 603 online survey among young adults aged 18-24 met the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (AUDIT) threshold [4]. A national study into the effects of alcohol on third-party in Australia suggests that about a third of Australian workers have had to endure some sort of negative impact of drinking from co-workers through extra working hours to cover for others, translating into an estimated $453 million cost to the Australian economy [5]. The severity of increasing alcohol consumption among vulnerable cohorts and its associated health consequences are on the rise. There is, however, a lack of studies that lay foundation for cumulative evidence-based cohort studies on a chosen vulnerable group. Thus, this paper is relevant and timely as it attempts to lay the ground for scoping review, systematic and meta-analytic studies focusing on alcohol consumption, young adults, rurality and telehealth.
在全球范围内,酒精消费和健康问题已经引起了全球卫生从业人员、学者、决策者和政府的注意。发达国家和发展中国家都记录了酗酒的后果及其对健康的影响。一项公共卫生评估显示,在所有社会中,酒精滥用的后果涉及残疾、疾病和死亡[1]。这对澳大利亚来说是一个特别值得关注的问题,2016年的国家毒品战略调查显示,17%的12岁或以上的澳大利亚人饮酒超过合理水平[2],相当于每天饮用超过两杯标准饮料(10g酒精)[3]。在在线调查的603名18-24岁的年轻人中,近50%的人达到了酒精使用障碍识别测试(AUDIT) (AUDIT)的阈值[4]。一项关于澳大利亚酒精对第三方影响的全国性研究表明,大约三分之一的澳大利亚工人不得不忍受同事通过加班来代替他人喝酒带来的某种负面影响,这给澳大利亚经济造成了约4.53亿美元的损失[5]。在弱势群体中,酒精消费增加的严重程度及其相关的健康后果正在上升。然而,缺乏对选定的弱势群体进行累积循证队列研究的研究。因此,这篇论文是相关的和及时的,因为它试图为范围审查、系统和荟萃分析研究奠定基础,重点是酒精消费、年轻人、农村和远程医疗。
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引用次数: 0
Protective Effects of Ethanol Leaf-Extract of Cajanus Cajan (Linn) in Alcohol Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats Cajanus Cajan (Linn)叶提取物对酒精致白化大鼠肾毒性的保护作用
Pub Date : 2019-11-08 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2019.02.000528
C. Offor, N. Ezeani, R. Iloegbunam, S. Ukpabi, P. M. Aja, C. Ogbu
Cajanus cajan is a tropical woody herb with yellow flowers and is a perennial plant belonging to the family Leguminosae. It is commonly known as Pigeon pea in English, “Fiofio in Igbo”, “Waken turawa” in (Hausa) and “Otili” in Yoruba Nigeria. It has a highly nutritious seed of the tropical Pigeon pea plant Luo et al. [1]. It has been cultivated in ancient Egypt, Africa and Asia. This plant was introduced in America and in other several tropical countries and it is mainly produced in India Mc Cuskey [2]. It is a nutritious non-toxic edible tropical legume with several desirable characteristics, widely used in Indian folk medicine for prevention of various liver disorders Luo et al. [1]. The pigeon pea leaf extracts may be valuable natural antioxidant sources and are potentially applicable in both medicine and healthy food industry Wu et al. [3].
Cajanus cajan是一种热带木本草本植物,花黄色,是豆科的多年生植物。它在英语中通常被称为鸽子豆,在伊博语中被称为“Fiofio”,在(豪萨语)中被称为“Waken turawa”,在尼日利亚约鲁巴语中被称为“Otili”。它含有热带鸽豆植物罗等[1]的高营养种子。古埃及、非洲和亚洲都有种植。该植物在美洲和其他几个热带国家引进,主要产自印度Mc Cuskey[2]。它是一种营养丰富、无毒的可食用热带豆科植物,具有多种令人满意的特性,在印度民间医学中被广泛用于预防各种肝脏疾病罗等[1]。鸽豆叶提取物可能是有价值的天然抗氧化剂来源,在医药和健康食品工业中都有潜在的应用前景,Wu等[3]。
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引用次数: 1
Optimistic Goal: Whether Possible or Tenable for Thailand? 乐观目标:泰国能否实现?
Pub Date : 2019-09-04 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2019.02.000526
S. Bovornkitti
For the record, most welcome news is contained in a recent official statement of the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Public Health and Primary Care of the United Kingdom: it has set an ambition for England to go “smoke-free” by the year 2030. This ambition has been encouraged by epidemiological data showing a progressive decline in the prevalence of adult cigarettes smoking in the country since 2011 (Figure 1).
郑重声明,最受欢迎的消息载于联合王国议会负责公共卫生和初级保健事务的副国务秘书最近发表的一份正式声明:它为英格兰设定了到2030年实现"无烟"的目标。流行病学数据显示,自2011年以来,该国成人吸烟率逐步下降,这一雄心受到鼓舞(图1)。
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引用次数: 0
About Cigarettes 关于香烟
Pub Date : 2019-09-04 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2019.02.000527
S. Bovornkitti
A cigarette is a small cylinder of finely cut tobacco leaves rolled in thin paper, in tobacco or banana leaves. Another definition is a cylinder filled with cubeb or tobacco or marijuana. Cigarette could be classified into two categories, combustible cigarette and non-combustible cigarette or electronic cigarette. Combustion or burning is a differentiation. While combustible tobaccos release grayish white smoke, electronic cigarettes (cigarlike) produce vapor or aerosol mist.
香烟是用烟草或香蕉叶卷成的细切烟叶的小圆筒。另一个定义是装满立方体或烟草或大麻的圆柱体。香烟可以分为两类,可燃香烟和不可燃香烟或电子烟。燃烧或燃烧是一种分化。可燃烟草释放灰白色烟雾,而电子香烟(雪茄状)产生蒸汽或气溶胶雾。
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引用次数: 2
A Survey of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Human Body Sensors Lifetime for Healthcare Applications 用于医疗保健应用的无线人体传感器寿命能效调查
Pub Date : 2019-09-04 DOI: 10.31031/tteh.2019.01.000525
Sara Kassan, J. Gaber, P. Lorenz
Wireless Human Body Sensor Networks (WHBSNs) used in healthcare systems have widely attracted the attention of the research community [1]. We identify two categories of healthcare-oriented systems: vital status monitoring and remote healthcare surveillance. In vital status monitoring applications, sensors supervise their vital parameters in order to specify emergency situations and allow caregivers to respond efficiently. Applications include disaster monitoring, cancer detection, vital sign monitoring in hospitals, cardiovascular disease and epilepsy seizure detection [2,3]. Remote healthcare surveillance concerns not vital care services for which the continuous healthcare professional is not necessary. For example, Wireless Human Body Sensor nodes are deployed in remote places to sense clinically relevant data information for rehabilitation supervision [4], elderly monitoring [5] or to provide support to a person with cognitive disorder.
无线人体传感器网络(Wireless Human Body Sensor Networks, WHBSNs)在医疗保健系统中的应用已经引起了研究界的广泛关注[1]。我们确定了两类面向医疗保健的系统:生命状态监测和远程医疗保健监测。在生命状态监测应用中,传感器监督其生命参数,以便指定紧急情况,并允许护理人员有效响应。应用包括灾害监测、癌症检测、医院生命体征监测、心血管疾病和癫痫发作检测[2,3]。远程医疗保健监控不涉及不需要连续医疗保健专业人员的重要护理服务。例如,无线人体传感器节点部署在偏远地区,感知临床相关数据信息,用于康复监督[4]、老年人监测[5]或为认知障碍患者提供支持。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Trends in Telemedicine & E-health
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