Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-2nd.en
N. Dudley, John Robinson, S. Andelman, H. Bingham, Lori Ann Conzo, J. Geldmann, K. Grorud‐Colvert, G. Gurney, V. Hickey, M. Hockings
The draft Global Biodiversity Framework proposes to increase protected areas and OECMs to at least 30 per cent of land and ocean by 2030 (30x30). Such areas are central to conservation, but only if effectively managed and equitably governed. In practice, governments often recognise areas that do not achieve successful outcomes or respect human rights and fail to recognise other effective governance systems. We argue that protected areas and OECMs should only be recognised as fully contributing to 30x30 if they are on track to achieve positive and sustained biodiversity outcomes while respecting human rights. Three principles are important:
{"title":"Developing an outcomes-based approach to achieving Target 3 of the Global Biodiversity Framework","authors":"N. Dudley, John Robinson, S. Andelman, H. Bingham, Lori Ann Conzo, J. Geldmann, K. Grorud‐Colvert, G. Gurney, V. Hickey, M. Hockings","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-2nd.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-2nd.en","url":null,"abstract":"The draft Global Biodiversity Framework proposes to increase protected areas and OECMs to at least 30 per cent of land and ocean by 2030 (30x30). Such areas are central to conservation, but only if effectively managed and equitably governed. In practice, governments often recognise areas that do not achieve successful outcomes or respect human rights and fail to recognise other effective governance systems. We argue that protected areas and OECMs should only be recognised as fully contributing to 30x30 if they are on track to achieve positive and sustained biodiversity outcomes while respecting human rights. Three principles are important:","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47737124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cg.en
Chris Galliers, R. Cole, Rohit Singh, Jeff Ohlfs, Hamera Aisha, Amon Benoit Koutoua, Carlien Roodt, Mónica Álvarez Malvido
The ranger profession is diverse and challenging, requiring individuals to operate in risky and often life-threatening situations. The International Ranger Federation’s Roll of Honour presents an opportunity to review the dangers surrounding the ranger profession by analysing the number and causes of ranger deaths on duty. Over a 16-year period (2006–2021), a total of 2,351 on-duty ranger fatalities have been recorded. Of the data analysed, felonious deaths, such as homicide, accounted for 42.2 per cent with the others a result of accident, illness, wildlife attack or other unintentional work-related casualties. Ranger casualties appear to be increasing over time and may reflect phenomena such as increasing human and wildlife conflicts, as well as changing climatic conditions. Recommendations to address these risks include improved recognition of the role of rangers, improved working conditions and access to adequate insurance.
{"title":"Conservation casualties: an analysis of on-duty ranger fatalities (2006–2021)","authors":"Chris Galliers, R. Cole, Rohit Singh, Jeff Ohlfs, Hamera Aisha, Amon Benoit Koutoua, Carlien Roodt, Mónica Álvarez Malvido","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cg.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cg.en","url":null,"abstract":"The ranger profession is diverse and challenging, requiring individuals to operate in risky and often life-threatening situations. The International Ranger Federation’s Roll of Honour presents an opportunity to review the dangers surrounding the ranger profession by analysing the number and causes of ranger deaths on duty. Over a 16-year period (2006–2021), a total of 2,351 on-duty ranger fatalities have been recorded. Of the data analysed, felonious deaths, such as homicide, accounted for 42.2 per cent with the others a result of accident, illness, wildlife attack or other unintentional work-related casualties. Ranger casualties appear to be increasing over time and may reflect phenomena such as increasing human and wildlife conflicts, as well as changing climatic conditions. Recommendations to address these risks include improved recognition of the role of rangers, improved working conditions and access to adequate insurance.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43001535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1dn.en
D. Natcher, Rolando Juan Jose Ramirez
{"title":"Consultative Councils in Chile: Participatory or protectionist management of the Fray Jorge National Park?","authors":"D. Natcher, Rolando Juan Jose Ramirez","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1dn.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1dn.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48749417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1mob.en
Matias O. Berrondo, S. P. Bravo
{"title":"Potential species distribution models can help in the conservation of threatened species: the case of the Guigna (Leopardus guigna) in Los Alerces National Park, Argentina","authors":"Matias O. Berrondo, S. P. Bravo","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1mob.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1mob.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45515243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1jt.en
J. Tobajas, F. Guil, R. Moreno‐Opo, A. Margalida
Aviation can have impacts on wildlife that should be taken into account, especially in natural areas. Limitations on aircraft overflight in natural areas can reduce impacts and promote conservation of biodiversity. In Spain, a coordinated effort has been made by the different administrations to improve aviation regulation in protected areas. We analyse the trend in operational regulations that have been legally established in protected areas in Spain and outline a newly established framework for proposing new regulations for aviation in protected areas. There was an increase in the area under regulation from the 1980s, plateauing from the 2010s. Similarly, the growth in the number of sites with new regulations has slowed from the 1990s because regulation in protected areas has been progressively addressed and the need for regulations in new sites has declined. However, the number of sites subject to authorisation for flights has increased from the 2000s. The average minimum height established for overflight of protected areas has increased in the last two decades. Based on available evidence, we propose general criteria on heights and distances in protected areas that allow coexistence between aviation and wildlife. After consultation with the relevant groups, we got the different public administrations involved to commit to include these general criteria in their regulations. We consider our experience fully transferable to other countries.
{"title":"Regulation on protected areas overflight in Spain: Current outlook and next steps","authors":"J. Tobajas, F. Guil, R. Moreno‐Opo, A. Margalida","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1jt.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1jt.en","url":null,"abstract":"Aviation can have impacts on wildlife that should be taken into account, especially in natural areas. Limitations on aircraft overflight in natural areas can reduce impacts and promote conservation of biodiversity. In Spain, a coordinated effort has been made by the different administrations to improve aviation regulation in protected areas. We analyse the trend in operational regulations that have been legally established in protected areas in Spain and outline a newly established framework for proposing new regulations for aviation in protected areas. There was an increase in the area under regulation from the 1980s, plateauing from the 2010s. Similarly, the growth in the number of sites with new regulations has slowed from the 1990s because regulation in protected areas has been progressively addressed and the need for regulations in new sites has declined. However, the number of sites subject to authorisation for flights has increased from the 2000s. The average minimum height established for overflight of protected areas has increased in the last two decades. Based on available evidence, we propose general criteria on heights and distances in protected areas that allow coexistence between aviation and wildlife. After consultation with the relevant groups, we got the different public administrations involved to commit to include these general criteria in their regulations. We consider our experience fully transferable to other countries.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46420651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1tky.en
Teh Kate Yng, N. Hasan
{"title":"Human–wildlife conflicts and the impact on local communities’ support for Khao Yai National Park, Thailand","authors":"Teh Kate Yng, N. Hasan","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1tky.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1tky.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45902768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cjl.en
C. Lemieux, M. Groulx, R. Buxton, Catherine E. Reining, Clara-Jane Blye, Nadha Hassen, Sara-Lynn Harding, E. Halpenny, Melissa Lem, S. Jakubec
{"title":"The ‘healthy parks–healthy people’ movement in Canada: progress, challenges, and an emerging knowledge and action agenda","authors":"C. Lemieux, M. Groulx, R. Buxton, Catherine E. Reining, Clara-Jane Blye, Nadha Hassen, Sara-Lynn Harding, E. Halpenny, Melissa Lem, S. Jakubec","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cjl.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2022.parks-28-1cjl.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44069084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.2305/ucn.ch.2022.parks-21-1bp.en
B. Parker, M. Hoffmann, Rohit Singh, Drew McVey, Lucia Ruiz
A growing body of literature explores rangers’ perceptions and experiences of implementing conservation activities. In particular, the Global Ranger Perception Survey, carried out by the WWF, is the largest global assessment of ranger perceptions and experiences of working conditions in protected and conserved areas, providing insights into various aspects of the profession of rangers. Nevertheless, when the ranger perception survey data was associated with site governance type, we found that the survey is dominated by protected and conserved areas governed by government agencies (81 per cent) while sites with Indigenous and community governance were poorly represented (10 per cent) despite the vast area under this form of governance globally. These biases in governance mean that the survey data will be less relevant to protected and conserved areas with less government involvement, such as privately protected areas and those governed by Indigenous peoples and local communities. Our study therefore indicates that future large-scale surveys of ranger perceptions and experiences would benefit from including a more diverse set of sites with regards to governance types. Further, there could be value in carrying out a new survey akin to the Global Ranger Perception Survey with a focus on protected and conserved areas governed by Indigenous peoples and local communities.
{"title":"Short Communication: Governance type bias in global ranger survey: Implications for relevance and analogous future works","authors":"B. Parker, M. Hoffmann, Rohit Singh, Drew McVey, Lucia Ruiz","doi":"10.2305/ucn.ch.2022.parks-21-1bp.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/ucn.ch.2022.parks-21-1bp.en","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of literature explores rangers’ perceptions and experiences of implementing conservation activities. In particular, the Global Ranger Perception Survey, carried out by the WWF, is the largest global assessment of ranger perceptions and experiences of working conditions in protected and conserved areas, providing insights into various aspects of the profession of rangers. Nevertheless, when the ranger perception survey data was associated with site governance type, we found that the survey is dominated by protected and conserved areas governed by government agencies (81 per cent) while sites with Indigenous and community governance were poorly represented (10 per cent) despite the vast area under this form of governance globally. These biases in governance mean that the survey data will be less relevant to protected and conserved areas with less government involvement, such as privately protected areas and those governed by Indigenous peoples and local communities. Our study therefore indicates that future large-scale surveys of ranger perceptions and experiences would benefit from including a more diverse set of sites with regards to governance types. Further, there could be value in carrying out a new survey akin to the Global Ranger Perception Survey with a focus on protected and conserved areas governed by Indigenous peoples and local communities.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41663302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2sw.en
Stephen Woodley, M. Rao, K. MacKinnon, T. Sandwith, N. Dudley
{"title":"Speaking a common language on what should count for protecting 30% by 2030?","authors":"Stephen Woodley, M. Rao, K. MacKinnon, T. Sandwith, N. Dudley","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2sw.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2sw.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41919861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2bn.en
B. Normander, Jan Woollhead, A. Petersen, Ann-Katrine Garn
{"title":"Short communication: Denmark's marine protected areas assesed according to IUCN's international definition","authors":"B. Normander, Jan Woollhead, A. Petersen, Ann-Katrine Garn","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2bn.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2021.parks-27-2bn.en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43175866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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