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Influence of Wind and Shipping Noises on the Depth Dependence and Spatial Coherence of Ambient Noise in the Deep Ocean: A Simulation Study 风和船舶噪声对深海环境噪声深度依赖性和空间相干性影响的模拟研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867122
Kai Zhang, T. C. Yang, Wen Xu
Previous experiments showed that the ambient noise level in deep ocean is smaller below the critical depth than above the critical depth. While the general features of the ambient noise was understood, quantitative studies must consider the acoustic conditions where the data are collected. In this paper, we analyze the depth dependence and vertical coherence of surface-generated noises at low frequencies using simulated data, and study the influence of environmental conditions such as local/distant wind and shipping. The results can be used to interpret the experimental data.
以往的实验表明,深海环境噪声在临界深度以下比在临界深度以上要小。虽然了解了环境噪声的一般特征,但定量研究必须考虑收集数据的声学条件。本文利用模拟数据分析了低频地表噪声的深度依赖性和垂直相干性,并研究了局地/远地风、船舶等环境条件对低频地表噪声的影响。所得结果可用于解释实验数据。
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引用次数: 0
A Fault Location Algorithm Based on Convolutional Neural Network for Sensor System of Seafloor Observatory Network 基于卷积神经网络的海底观测网传感器系统故障定位算法
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867166
K. Sun
The seafloor observatory network (SFON) covers an extensive area and consists of many network devices functioning in the abyssal environment, which make patrolling inapplicable to fault location in the marine setting. Moreover, finding faults like degradation of precision or zero drift would be rather difficult if such faults are only located by the warning message from a single sensor. To solve this problem and as per the features of SFON, we propose a fault location algorithm based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) for the data transmission system. This algorithm which takes a holistic perspective and considers the features of network device can monitor all the sensors in a unified and centralized way. The algorithm sets the CNN parameters according to the features of the research object, and normalizes the data of sensors to images. It first qualitatively judges a fault, and then recognizes its source and type. The new algorithm has higher precision on fault recognition than the support vector machine.
海底观测网(sfo)覆盖范围广,由许多在深海环境下工作的网络设备组成,这使得巡逻不适用于海洋环境下的故障定位。此外,如果仅通过来自单个传感器的警告信息来定位故障,则很难发现精度下降或零漂移等故障。为了解决这一问题,根据sdn的特点,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的数据传输系统故障定位算法。该算法从整体角度考虑网络设备的特点,实现了对所有传感器的统一集中监控。该算法根据研究对象的特征设置CNN参数,并将传感器的数据归一化为图像。它首先定性地判断断层,然后识别断层的来源和类型。与支持向量机相比,该算法具有更高的故障识别精度。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental identification of the dynamic characteristics for a 1/25 scale model of the Watertruck+ self-propelling barge 水车+自航驳船1/25模型动力特性试验研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867545
S. V. Baelen, Stan Drijkoningen, C. Moons, M. R. Afzal, P. Slaets
This study discusses the experimental identification of the dynamic characteristics for an operational 1/25 scale model of the Watertruck+ self-propelling barge of CEMT class I. Parameters such as flow rate, acceleration, thrust and speed-dependent resistance forces in the longitudinal direction are determined. The operational scale model discussed in this paper includes a hull with length 1.54 m, width of 0.2 m and height of 0.2 m. All experiments are performed at an indoor pool to reduce environmental disturbances such as wind and current. The vessel’s behavior and propulsion system, i.e. a 4-pump system, is analyzed and subsequently validated by modeling the pump circuit and corresponding pipe losses. The experimental results of the resistance forces are validated by applying Computational Flow Dynamics in SolidWorks, using the Finite Volume Method. By generating the pump and pipeline characteristic, the operating point is determined that provides insight on the overall efficiency, which is equal to 11.36%. Moreover, a second order polynomial is fitted to the experimental resistance forces, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99, which suggest a high accuracy and feasibility of the identified parameters. Results indicate that minor hardware improvements in the pump circuit would improve the performance significantly; however, the current vessel and propulsion system are suited for envisioned future research objectives such as testing new control algorithms.
本研究讨论了CEMT 1级水车+自航驳船1/25运行模型动态特性的实验识别。确定了纵向流量、加速度、推力和随速度变化的阻力等参数。本文讨论的操作模型包括一个长1.54 m,宽0.2 m,高0.2 m的船体。所有实验均在室内游泳池进行,以减少风和水流等环境干扰。船舶的性能和推进系统(即4泵系统)进行了分析,并随后通过对泵回路和相应的管道损耗进行建模来验证。利用SolidWorks计算流动力学软件,采用有限体积法对阻力的实验结果进行了验证。通过生成泵和管道的特性,确定工作点,从而了解总体效率,等于11.36%。对实验阻力进行二阶多项式拟合,相关系数为0.99,表明识别参数具有较高的准确性和可行性。结果表明,对泵电路进行微小的硬件改进将显著提高性能;然而,目前的船舶和推进系统适合于设想的未来研究目标,例如测试新的控制算法。
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引用次数: 3
A two-way approach to adapt reduced-scale laboratory experiments and corresponding numerical simulations of offshore seismic surveys in complex marine environments 复杂海洋环境下海上地震调查缩尺实验与数值模拟的双向适应方法
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867188
N. Favretto-Cristini, B. Solymosi, P. Cristini, V. Monteiller, B. Ursin, D. Komatitsch
Recently, laboratory experiments have been reintroduced in the ideas-to-applications pipeline for geophysical issues. Benefiting from recent technologic^ advances, we believe that in the coming years, laboratory experiments can play a major role, in support of field experiments and numerical modeling, to explore some of the current challenges of seismic imaging in terms of, for instance, acquisition design or benchmarking of new imaging techniques at a low cost and in an “agile” way. But having confidence in the quality and the accuracy of the experimental data obtained in a complex configuration that mimics at a reduced scale a real geological environment is an essential prerequisite. This requires a robust framework regardless of the configuration studied. The goal of this work is to provide a global reflection on this framework in the context of offshore seismics. To illustrate this framework, we rely on a reduced-scale model representing a 3D complex-shaped salt body buried in sedimentary layers with curved surfaces. Zero-offset and offset reflection data are collected on this model in a water tank, using a conventional pulse-echo technique. We follow a cross-validation approach that allows, through the comparison between the experimental data and the numerical simulation of wave propagation, to point out both the improvements of the experimental setup that must still be made to increase the accuracy (and decrease the uncertainties) of the experiments, and the limitations of the numerical tools that must be tackled. This framework can be used with confidence to extensively investigate cutting-edge seismic imaging and acquisition issues in complex environments.
最近,实验室实验被重新引入到地球物理问题的思想到应用的管道中。得益于最近的技术进步,我们相信在未来几年,实验室实验可以在支持现场实验和数值模拟方面发挥重要作用,以探索当前地震成像的一些挑战,例如,以低成本和“敏捷”的方式进行新成像技术的采集设计或基准测试。但是,对在缩小规模的模拟真实地质环境的复杂配置中获得的实验数据的质量和准确性有信心是必不可少的先决条件。无论所研究的配置如何,这都需要一个健壮的框架。这项工作的目标是在海上地震的背景下提供对这一框架的全球反思。为了说明这一框架,我们依赖于一个缩小比例的模型,该模型代表了埋藏在具有曲面的沉积层中的三维复杂形状的盐体。利用传统的脉冲回波技术,在水箱中采集了该模型的零偏移和偏移反射数据。我们采用交叉验证方法,通过比较实验数据和波传播的数值模拟,指出为提高实验精度(并减少不确定性)而必须改进的实验设置,以及必须解决的数值工具的局限性。该框架可以自信地用于广泛研究复杂环境中的尖端地震成像和采集问题。
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引用次数: 0
Cooperative Guidance System for AUV Docking with an Active Suspended Docking Station 基于主动悬浮坞站的AUV对接协同制导系统
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867214
A. Yazdani, K. Sammut, A. Lammas, B. Clement, O. Yakimenko
This paper presents an effective guidance system to enable a torpedo-shaped autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) to perform cooperative docking with an active suspended docking station. A funnel-shaped docking station equipped with lateral thrusters for automatic adjustment of the heading of the docking station in a planar motion, together with an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS), acoustic Doppler Velocity Logger (DVL), and an ultra-short baseline (USBL) transponder is considered. The proposed guidance system is developed using the optimal control theory based Inverse Dynamics in the Virtual Domain (IDVD) method for fast prototyping of near-optimal trajectories and ensuring an implementable guidance system for real-time closed-loop maneuvering. This work is an extension of previous related work by the authors to develop IDVD based docking guidance strategies for AUVs. The cooperative docking process is accomplished by transmitting the AUV’s intended docking trajectory to the docking station ahead of the docking operation, thus enabling the docking station to automatically adjust its heading to ensure alignment with the incoming AUV. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the cooperative docking guidance between the AUV and the active docking station increases the possibility of safe, smooth, and efficient arrival of the AUV into the docking station even in presence of cross-current disturbances. This performance is achieved by means of an efficient and tractable guidance system that enables fast prototyping of near-optimal trajectories that will facilitate real-time closed-loop docking maneuvering.
提出了一种鱼雷型自主水下航行器(AUV)与主动悬置坞站协同对接的有效制导系统。考虑了一种配备横向推进器的漏斗形坞站,用于在平面运动中自动调整坞站的航向,以及姿态和航向参考系统(AHRS)、声学多普勒速度记录仪(DVL)和超短基线(USBL)应答器。该制导系统采用基于最优控制理论的逆动力学虚拟域(IDVD)方法,实现了近最优轨迹的快速原型设计,保证了制导系统的实时闭环机动可实现性。本研究是作者对基于IDVD的auv对接制导策略研究的延伸。协作对接过程是通过在对接操作之前将AUV预定的对接轨迹发送给对接站,从而使对接站自动调整其航向以确保与来袭的AUV对齐来完成的。仿真结果表明,在存在交叉流干扰的情况下,自主水下航行器与主动对接站的协同对接制导性能增加了自主水下航行器安全、平稳、高效到达对接站的可能性。这种性能是通过一种高效且易于处理的制导系统来实现的,该系统可以实现近乎最佳轨迹的快速原型,从而促进实时闭环对接机动。
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引用次数: 4
Development of an Aquatic USV with High Communication Capability for Environmental Surveillance 用于环境监测的高通信能力水下无人潜航器的研制
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867382
A. Gaugue, M. Ménard, Etienne Migot, P. Bourcier, Clement Gaschet
Nowadays, involved novel communication technologies for littoral environment monitoring become a necessity. In fact, ensuring reliable monitoring tasks in marine condition require facing up many challenges. The most important one is relative to the harshest environment that affects considerably the communication capability of the monitoring components as buoys or Unmanned Surface Vehicles. This paper presents a conceptual design and field test validation of an aquatic Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) equipped to realize maritime surveillance and environmental monitoring missions. We describe the combined operations of a custom made USV and an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS), linked together within one network to increase autonomy and communication capability. The document also describes the design and implementation of hardware and software for both the USV and UAS.
当前,滨海环境监测需要新颖的通信技术。事实上,在海洋条件下确保可靠的监测任务需要面临许多挑战。最重要的一个是相对于最恶劣的环境,这将极大地影响监测组件的通信能力,如浮标或无人水面车辆。提出了一种用于执行海上监视和环境监测任务的水下无人水面航行器(USV)的概念设计和现场试验验证。我们描述了定制的USV和无人机系统(UAS)的联合操作,它们在一个网络中连接在一起,以提高自主性和通信能力。该文件还描述了USV和UAS的硬件和软件的设计和实现。
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引用次数: 2
An ESA Project: Sentinel coastal charting worldwide and other SDB applications 欧空局项目:哨兵全球海岸制图和其他SDB应用
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867284
J. Laporte, Fatimatou Coulibaly
Although limited to a band extending less than 20 km beyond the coastline, Sentinel footprints cover most of the World coastal waters and can provide Mariners with valuable information when sailing in poorly charted shallow areas.
尽管哨兵足迹仅限于海岸线以外不到20公里的波段,但它覆盖了世界上大部分沿海水域,当水手在地图不清晰的浅水区航行时,它可以为水手提供有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 0
High Data Rate Wireless Underwater Sensors for Environemental Monitoring 用于环境监测的高数据速率无线水下传感器
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867364
Thierry Deschamps de Paillette, A. Gaugue
Costal pollution and seawater quality monitoring requires underwater sensors to be properly and regularly measured. This paper introduces an innovative prototype of reliable electromagnetic based wireless submarine communication system adapted to a medium-range telemetry application. This work, starting from the study of seawater properties describes the design and simulation results of antennas, matching circuits and modulation techniques to optimize the link budget and data rate between a surface buoy and underwater probes.
沿海污染和海水质量监测需要水下传感器进行适当和定期的测量。本文介绍了一种适用于中程遥测应用的可靠的基于电磁的水下无线通信系统的创新原型。本工作从研究海水特性出发,描述了天线、匹配电路和调制技术的设计和仿真结果,以优化水面浮标和水下探测器之间的链路预算和数据速率。
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引用次数: 0
Ship Detection: An Improved YOLOv3 Method 舰船检测:一种改进的YOLOv3方法
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867209
Haiying Cui, Yang Yang, Mingyong Liu, Tingchao Shi, Qian Qi
YOLOv3 is the state of art detector, which performs an excellent balance in detection speed and accuracy. In this paper, an improved YOLOv3 model named YOLOv3-ship is proposed for the ship detection. The main contributions to the YOLOv3-ship consists of dimension Clusters, network Improvement and embedding of the Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE) module. The experiments results show that the detection accuracy has been significantly improved by the YOLOv3-ship.
YOLOv3是最先进的探测器,它在检测速度和准确性方面取得了很好的平衡。本文提出了一种改进的YOLOv3模型,命名为YOLOv3-ship。对YOLOv3-ship的主要贡献包括维度集群、网络改进和嵌入挤压与激励(SE)模块。实验结果表明,yolov3舰船的检测精度得到了显著提高。
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引用次数: 7
Passive sampling techniques for monitoring metals in transitional and coastal waters in the Atlantic region 大西洋区域过渡水域和沿海水域金属监测的被动取样技术
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANSE.2019.8867564
F. Regan, Blánaid White, M. Nolan, I. Amouroux, Jean-Louis Gonzalez, S. Guesdon, M. J. Belzunce-Segarra, J. Franco, I. Menchaca, P. Bersuder, T. Bolam, Alexandre Bettoschi, B. Marras, N. Montero, M. Schintu, M. Caetano, N. Rosa, Inês Carvalho, Margarida Maria, B. McHugh, D. Merkel, V. M. Gabet, M. R. Sanz, O. Perceval, C. Robinson
In highly dynamic systems, such as transitional and coastal waters, establishing their chemical status is challenging. MONITOOL is an exciting European project consisting of 16 Partners covering the Atlantic region from the Canary Islands to the Scottish Highlands and Islands, which aims to address this complex analytical challenge, responding to European Directive demands for the assessment of the chemical status of transitional and coastal waters. Diffusive Gradient in Thin Films (DGT), and passive samplers (PS), in general, are already widely used in investigative monitoring and there is an increasing interest in their use for the environmental assessment of water bodies, within European policies requirements. The main barrier hindering the regulatory acceptance of PS for compliance checking is the lack of appropriate Environmental Quality Standards (EQS). EQSs for metals are defined in the dissolved fraction, preventing the use of DGT-labile concentrations for the establishment of the chemical status of water bodies. The first sampling campaigns were performed during winter 2017/2018 in 4 selected sites (transitional and coastal sites) in each consortium region (8 regions). All partners followed the same protocol for sampling and analysis to minimize the operational variability. Priority metals (Cd, Ni, Pb) and other specific metals (Al, Ag, Cu, Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn) were analysed in waters and in the DGT resins. Statistical analysis is being applied to study relationships between metal concentrations in DGT and in grab water samples. Suitable EQS for DGTs will be calculated on basis the statistical relations obtained previously. This will permit a better implementation of the Water Framework Directive in variable systems like transitional and coastal waters. The work presented here shows initial DGT results from the Irish sampling sites for selected target metals.
在高度动态的系统中,例如过渡水域和沿海水域,确定它们的化学状态是具有挑战性的。MONITOOL是一个令人兴奋的欧洲项目,由16个合作伙伴组成,涵盖从加那利群岛到苏格兰高地和岛屿的大西洋地区,旨在解决这一复杂的分析挑战,响应欧洲指令对过渡和沿海水域化学状况评估的要求。薄膜中的扩散梯度(DGT)和被动采样器(PS)一般已广泛用于调查性监测,并且在欧洲政策要求范围内,对将其用于水体环境评估的兴趣日益增加。监管机构接受PS进行合规检查的主要障碍是缺乏适当的环境质量标准(EQS)。金属的eqs是在溶解的部分中定义的,阻止了使用dgt不稳定浓度来建立水体的化学状态。第一次抽样活动于2017/2018年冬季在每个联盟区域(8个区域)的4个选定地点(过渡和沿海地点)进行。所有合作伙伴都遵循相同的采样和分析协议,以尽量减少操作的可变性。在水中和DGT树脂中分析了优先金属(Cd、Ni、Pb)和其他特定金属(Al、Ag、Cu、Cr、Co、Fe、Mn、Zn)。统计分析正在应用于研究DGT和抓取水样中金属浓度之间的关系。根据之前得到的统计关系,计算出适合DGTs的EQS。这将使《水框架指令》在诸如过渡水域和沿海水域等可变系统中得到更好的实施。这里介绍的工作显示了选定目标金属的爱尔兰取样点的初始DGT结果。
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引用次数: 0
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OCEANS 2019 - Marseille
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