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Clinical practice in office hysteroscopy.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24234
Namkung Jeong, Angela Cho, Yu-Jin Koo, Jun-Woo Ahn, Hyuntae Park, Eun Sil Lee, Sang Wook Yi, Won Duk Joo, Sa Ra Lee

Hysteroscopy is particularly valuable for the diagnosis of uterine cavity abnormalities through direct visualization. The development of office hysteroscopy has expanded the range of diagnostic and surgical procedures available. These detailed guidelines include patient counseling and the selection and setting of office hysteroscopy, including room, equipment, and medical staff. Analgesia or local anesthesia is often required in selective office hysteroscopy cases. Cervical dilation and preparation using medical or mechanical methods are required for most diagnostic hysteroscopic procedures. Methods for optimizing visualization and choosing suitable distension media are important for a successful office hysteroscopy. It is crucial to adhere to guidelines to prevent complications, such as vasovagal syncope, cervical trauma, uterine perforation, fluid overload, and embolism. Vaginoscopy can be a good alternative option for alleviating pain, especially in cases where the insertion of a vaginal speculum is expected to be challenging.

宫腔镜通过直接观察诊断宫腔异常尤为重要。诊室宫腔镜的发展扩大了诊断和手术的范围。这些详细的指南包括患者咨询以及诊室宫腔镜检查的选择和设置,包括房间、设备和医务人员。选择性诊室宫腔镜检查通常需要镇痛或局部麻醉。大多数诊断性宫腔镜手术都需要使用医疗或机械方法进行宫颈扩张和准备。优化可视化和选择合适扩张介质的方法对于成功进行诊室宫腔镜检查非常重要。遵守指南以预防并发症至关重要,如血管迷走性晕厥、宫颈创伤、子宫穿孔、体液过多和栓塞。阴道镜检查是减轻疼痛的一个很好的替代选择,尤其是在插入阴道窥器预计具有挑战性的病例中。
{"title":"Clinical practice in office hysteroscopy.","authors":"Namkung Jeong, Angela Cho, Yu-Jin Koo, Jun-Woo Ahn, Hyuntae Park, Eun Sil Lee, Sang Wook Yi, Won Duk Joo, Sa Ra Lee","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hysteroscopy is particularly valuable for the diagnosis of uterine cavity abnormalities through direct visualization. The development of office hysteroscopy has expanded the range of diagnostic and surgical procedures available. These detailed guidelines include patient counseling and the selection and setting of office hysteroscopy, including room, equipment, and medical staff. Analgesia or local anesthesia is often required in selective office hysteroscopy cases. Cervical dilation and preparation using medical or mechanical methods are required for most diagnostic hysteroscopic procedures. Methods for optimizing visualization and choosing suitable distension media are important for a successful office hysteroscopy. It is crucial to adhere to guidelines to prevent complications, such as vasovagal syncope, cervical trauma, uterine perforation, fluid overload, and embolism. Vaginoscopy can be a good alternative option for alleviating pain, especially in cases where the insertion of a vaginal speculum is expected to be challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Causal association of cathepsins with female infertility: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24254
Lidan Liu, Ming Liao, Bo Liu, Qianyi Huang, Huimei Wu, Mujun Li

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate potential causal relationships between nine cathepsins and female infertility using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods: A bidirectional MR analysis was conducted utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables to investigate the potential causal effects between nine cathepsins and female infertility. Genetic data on female infertility were sourced from the FinnGen study, and cathepsin-related data were obtained from genome-wide association studies datasets of European ancestry.

Results: Elevated levels of cathepsin E were significantly and inversely associated with the risk of female infertility, suggesting a potential protective role. This finding was further supported by multivariable MR analysis. However, no significant associations were observed between the other eight cathepsins and female infertility.

Conclusion: This study represents the first systematic MR analysis to identify a potential protective effect of cathepsin E on female infertility.

{"title":"Causal association of cathepsins with female infertility: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Lidan Liu, Ming Liao, Bo Liu, Qianyi Huang, Huimei Wu, Mujun Li","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to systematically evaluate potential causal relationships between nine cathepsins and female infertility using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bidirectional MR analysis was conducted utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables to investigate the potential causal effects between nine cathepsins and female infertility. Genetic data on female infertility were sourced from the FinnGen study, and cathepsin-related data were obtained from genome-wide association studies datasets of European ancestry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated levels of cathepsin E were significantly and inversely associated with the risk of female infertility, suggesting a potential protective role. This finding was further supported by multivariable MR analysis. However, no significant associations were observed between the other eight cathepsins and female infertility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study represents the first systematic MR analysis to identify a potential protective effect of cathepsin E on female infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Executive summary: Indonesian guidelines on polycystic ovary syndrome management.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24288
Mila Maidarti, Achmad Kemal Harzif, Amalia Shadrina, Nafi'atul Ummah, Wiryawan Permadi

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS.

Methods: We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword "polycystic ovary syndrome". This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources.

Results: A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included.

Conclusion: The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.

{"title":"Executive summary: Indonesian guidelines on polycystic ovary syndrome management.","authors":"Mila Maidarti, Achmad Kemal Harzif, Amalia Shadrina, Nafi'atul Ummah, Wiryawan Permadi","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological, endocrine condition characterized by ovulatory disorders, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant metabolic and reproductive implications that affect the quality of life of women. This PCOS guideline summary is based on the Indonesian Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility Association guidelines for PCOS. This guideline is expected to guide the diagnosis and long-term management of PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched scientific evidence on the Cochrane and PubMed databases using the keyword \"polycystic ovary syndrome\". This evidence was reviewed by experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and recommendations were made based on scientific evidence while considering patient values, costs, and resources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 127 recommendations and practice points were made regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS. The levels of available health services and management algorithms for PCOS in Indonesia are also included.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The first-line treatment for managing hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders in patients with PCOS is combined oral contraceptives. The first-line treatment for ovulation induction is letrozole, while clomiphene citrate, metformin, gonadotropins, and ovarian surgery serve as the second-line treatment. The third-line treatments included in vitro fertilization, with or without in vitro maturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in low- and intermediate-risk endometrial carcinoma.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.25050
Christos Iavazzo, Ioannis D Gkegkes
{"title":"Sentinel lymph node biopsy in low- and intermediate-risk endometrial carcinoma.","authors":"Christos Iavazzo, Ioannis D Gkegkes","doi":"10.5468/ogs.25050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.25050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Journey of infertile couples: scoping the barriers for infertility care among infertile women in Morocco.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24259
Meriem Ouadrhiri, Chaymae Rochdi, Rachida Archou, Mounia Amazian, Mustapha Boucetta, Nawal Mouhoute, Nisrine Mamouni, Kamelia Amazian

Objective: The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment as a fundamental component of reproductive health. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco.

Results: Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART.

Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.

{"title":"Journey of infertile couples: scoping the barriers for infertility care among infertile women in Morocco.","authors":"Meriem Ouadrhiri, Chaymae Rochdi, Rachida Archou, Mounia Amazian, Mustapha Boucetta, Nawal Mouhoute, Nisrine Mamouni, Kamelia Amazian","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The World Health Organization recognized infertility as a disease and emphasized universal access to high-quality treatment as a fundamental component of reproductive health. Nevertheless, inequality and inequity in infertility care are pervasive in Morocco, access to care is hindered by multiple potential barriers delaying treatment seeking and management. This study aimed to explore factors and barriers to assisted reproductive technology (ART) among infertile women in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional analytical study relies on prospective data collected through a standardized questionnaire, was carried out in January-June 2023. The target population concerned 110 infertile women attending a private clinic in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women who experienced infertility in Morrocco have demonstrated several barriers including: cost and lack of financial means (90%) and distance from fertility care (80%). On bivariate analysis findings suggest there are multifactorial factors that influence access to ART: the age, marriage span, monthly household income, duration of infertility, and education level and profession. On multivariable logistic analysis, age over 35 years old (odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.65; P=0.004) and the duration of infertility over 10 years (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.24-25.24; P=0.003) remained significantly associated with women who had undergone ART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has demonstrated that infertile women confront economic barriers, social pressure, and constraints related to health systems. Women over the age of 35 with the duration of infertility exceeding 10 years are certainly making more considerable economic efforts to access ART. Policy-makers must to take into account these barriers and factors to ensure efficient access to ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relation between pelvic organ prolapse and menopausal hormone therapy: nationwide cohort study. 盆腔器官脱垂与绝经期激素治疗的关系:全国性队列研究。
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24071
Hee-Yeong Jung, Tae-Ran Kim, Gwan Hee Han, Jin-Sung Yuk

Objective: To analyze the relationship between pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used Korean National Health checkup and insurance data from 2002 to 2019. The MHT group consisted of women who were prescribed menopausal hormones for more than 6 months from 2002 to 2011. The non-MHT group comprised postmenopausal women who had never used MHT.

Results: In the non-MHT group, there were 1,001,350 women, while the MHT group had 353,206 women. Tibolone (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.87; 99% confidence interval [CI], 0.818-0.926) and combined estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (CEPM) (aHR, 0.821; 99% CI, 0.758-0.89) were associated with reduced POP risk. The other oral MHT groups and the transdermal estrogen group showed no significant difference in POP risk compared with the non-MHT group (other oral MHT: aHR, 1.045; 99% CI, 0.941-1.161) (transdermal estrogen: aHR, 1.252; 99% CI, 0.731-2.145). Lower body mass index (BMI) (<18.5) was associated with reduced POP risk (aHR, 0.822; 99% CI, 0.698-0.968), while a BMI between 23 and 29.9 was associated with increased risk (BMI 23-24.9: aHR, 1.143; 99% CI, 1.088-1.2) (BMI 25-29.9: aHR, 1.173; 99% CI, 1.12-1.228). All parities had a higher POP risk than parity 1 (parity 0 or no response: aHR, 1.785; 99% CI, 1.589-2.005; parity 2: aHR, 1.434; 99% CI, 1.292-1.592; parity ≥3: aHR, 1.916; 99% CI, 1.712-2.144).

Conclusion: After menopause, tibolone and CEPM were associated with a reduced POP risk compared with non-MHT. Other oral MHT and transdermal estrogen were not associated with the risk of POP.

{"title":"Relation between pelvic organ prolapse and menopausal hormone therapy: nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Hee-Yeong Jung, Tae-Ran Kim, Gwan Hee Han, Jin-Sung Yuk","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the relationship between pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used Korean National Health checkup and insurance data from 2002 to 2019. The MHT group consisted of women who were prescribed menopausal hormones for more than 6 months from 2002 to 2011. The non-MHT group comprised postmenopausal women who had never used MHT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the non-MHT group, there were 1,001,350 women, while the MHT group had 353,206 women. Tibolone (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.87; 99% confidence interval [CI], 0.818-0.926) and combined estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (CEPM) (aHR, 0.821; 99% CI, 0.758-0.89) were associated with reduced POP risk. The other oral MHT groups and the transdermal estrogen group showed no significant difference in POP risk compared with the non-MHT group (other oral MHT: aHR, 1.045; 99% CI, 0.941-1.161) (transdermal estrogen: aHR, 1.252; 99% CI, 0.731-2.145). Lower body mass index (BMI) (<18.5) was associated with reduced POP risk (aHR, 0.822; 99% CI, 0.698-0.968), while a BMI between 23 and 29.9 was associated with increased risk (BMI 23-24.9: aHR, 1.143; 99% CI, 1.088-1.2) (BMI 25-29.9: aHR, 1.173; 99% CI, 1.12-1.228). All parities had a higher POP risk than parity 1 (parity 0 or no response: aHR, 1.785; 99% CI, 1.589-2.005; parity 2: aHR, 1.434; 99% CI, 1.292-1.592; parity ≥3: aHR, 1.916; 99% CI, 1.712-2.144).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After menopause, tibolone and CEPM were associated with a reduced POP risk compared with non-MHT. Other oral MHT and transdermal estrogen were not associated with the risk of POP.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and occupational risk factors of male infertility based on 3,025 patients in Eastern Morocco during 2021-2023: a cohort study.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24297
Chaymae Rochdi, Meriem Ouadrhiri, Ibtissam Bellajdel, Hafsa Taheri, Hanane Saadi, Ahmed Mimouni, Mohammed Choukri

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center.

Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021).

Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 29.07%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%).

Conclusion: This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

{"title":"Epidemiology and occupational risk factors of male infertility based on 3,025 patients in Eastern Morocco during 2021-2023: a cohort study.","authors":"Chaymae Rochdi, Meriem Ouadrhiri, Ibtissam Bellajdel, Hafsa Taheri, Hanane Saadi, Ahmed Mimouni, Mohammed Choukri","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.24297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 29.07%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of GABA and GABAergic pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review. GABA和GABA能通路对多囊卵巢综合征的影响:系统综述。
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24255
Farzaneh Motafeghi, Mina Amiri, Mahsa Noroozzadeh, Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani

Emerging evidence indicates that dysfunction of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and GABA demonstrates potential in the management of PCOS symptoms. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of the GABAergic pathway in PCOS and evaluate the impact of GABA on improving the condition. Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for experimental studies, clinical trials, animal studies, and cellular investigations. The search was conducted for relevant English-language manuscripts, published up to February 2024, using keywords, such as "polycystic ovary syndrome", PCOS, "gamma-aminobutyric acid" and GABA. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results indicate that GABAergic dysfunction adversely affects gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal activity, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive issues. Prenatal androgen exposure and kisspeptin signaling influence GABAergic transmission to GnRH neurons, thereby linking GABA to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Additionally, GABAergic signaling affects peripheral tissues relevant to PCOS, including the immune system, gut-brain axis, and ovaries. GABA supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits in enhancing metabolic and reproductive health, such as reducing insulin resistance and modulating sex hormone levels, as supported by animal models and clinical studies involving females with PCOS. The GABAergic signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of PCOS. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate these findings and deepen our understanding of the role of GABA in the pathogenesis and treatment of PCOS.

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引用次数: 0
Microbiological and clinical characteristics of vulvovaginitis in premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls in a tertiary center in South Korea.
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24215
Soo Jin Park, Ki Wook Yun, Ji Yeon Han, Sung Woo Kim, Jae Hyeon Park, Hoon Kim, Eun Hwa Choi, Seung-Yup Ku

Objective: To analyze the microbiological and clinical characteristics of vulvovaginitis in girls, distinguishing between the premenarcheal and postmenarcheal groups in a tertiary center in South Korea.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 195 patients under 20 years of age diagnosed with vulvovaginitis at a tertiary hospital between 2014 and 2023. The patients were categorized into premenarcheal (n=95) and postmenarcheal (n=100) groups. Data on initial symptoms, microbial cultures, and treatment methods were analyzed.

Results: The most common initial symptom was vaginal discharge, reported in 63.1% of cases. Culture results showed a 51.3% positivity rate for any microorganism, with a prevalence of gram-negative rods (32.8%) and gram-positive cocci (14.4%). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (17.9%), Candida albicans (7.7%), and Enterococcus faecalis (6.7%). Gram-negative rods were more common in the premenarcheal group (37.1% vs. 25.0%; p=0.01). No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of gram-positive cocci and Candida species between the two groups (16.8% vs. 12.0%, p=0.22; 6.3% vs. 13.0%, p=0.09; respectively). The susceptibilities of grampositive microorganisms to penicillin, oxacillin, clindamycin, vancomycin, and tetracycline were 58.8%, 58.3%, 94.7%, 100.0%, and 73.7%, respectively. The susceptibilities of gram-negative microorganisms to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and nitrofurantoin were 89.3%, 85.3%, 76.0%, and 100.0%, respectively.

Conclusion: This study identified differences in the microbial profiles associated with vulvovaginitis between premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls. Age-specific and history-based clinical approaches tailored to menarcheal status are warranted to improve the management and outcomes of pediatric and adolescent vulvovaginitis.

{"title":"Microbiological and clinical characteristics of vulvovaginitis in premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls in a tertiary center in South Korea.","authors":"Soo Jin Park, Ki Wook Yun, Ji Yeon Han, Sung Woo Kim, Jae Hyeon Park, Hoon Kim, Eun Hwa Choi, Seung-Yup Ku","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24215","DOIUrl":"10.5468/ogs.24215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the microbiological and clinical characteristics of vulvovaginitis in girls, distinguishing between the premenarcheal and postmenarcheal groups in a tertiary center in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 195 patients under 20 years of age diagnosed with vulvovaginitis at a tertiary hospital between 2014 and 2023. The patients were categorized into premenarcheal (n=95) and postmenarcheal (n=100) groups. Data on initial symptoms, microbial cultures, and treatment methods were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common initial symptom was vaginal discharge, reported in 63.1% of cases. Culture results showed a 51.3% positivity rate for any microorganism, with a prevalence of gram-negative rods (32.8%) and gram-positive cocci (14.4%). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (17.9%), Candida albicans (7.7%), and Enterococcus faecalis (6.7%). Gram-negative rods were more common in the premenarcheal group (37.1% vs. 25.0%; p=0.01). No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of gram-positive cocci and Candida species between the two groups (16.8% vs. 12.0%, p=0.22; 6.3% vs. 13.0%, p=0.09; respectively). The susceptibilities of grampositive microorganisms to penicillin, oxacillin, clindamycin, vancomycin, and tetracycline were 58.8%, 58.3%, 94.7%, 100.0%, and 73.7%, respectively. The susceptibilities of gram-negative microorganisms to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and nitrofurantoin were 89.3%, 85.3%, 76.0%, and 100.0%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified differences in the microbial profiles associated with vulvovaginitis between premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls. Age-specific and history-based clinical approaches tailored to menarcheal status are warranted to improve the management and outcomes of pediatric and adolescent vulvovaginitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy in low- and intermediate- risk endometrial cancer: a study at tertiary care centre, India. 前哨淋巴结活检在低危和中危子宫内膜癌中的意义:印度三级保健中心的一项研究。
IF 2 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.24182
Kanika Batra Modi, Arnika Kumari Kashyap, Manvika Chandel, Komal Agrawal, Harit Kumar Chaturvedi

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis observed in patients with presumed low- and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer (EC) and change in stage and adjuvant therapy resulting from SLN analysis. Secondary objectives include assessing the rates of detection of SLN using indocyanine green (ICG) dye and complication rates.

Methods: Between March 2017 and December 2023, 210 patients were included in the study. A total of 412 SLNs were detected in 210 patients using intracervical ICG dye injections.

Results: The pathologically confirmed detection rate was >95%. A total of 25 patients (11.9%) exhibited positive sentinel metastasis detected through pathological and immunohistochemical analysis, with in five (2.4%), micro-metastasis in six (2.9%), and macro-metastasis in 14 patients (6.7%). SLN metastasis with micro- and macro-metastases changed to stage III; therefore, adjuvant therapy was administered in the form of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Of the 210 patients, 186 (88.5%) remained at low and intermediate risk after the final histopathological analysis. The other 24 patients exhibited SLN metastasis, high-grade EC, higher-stage detection, or high risk on molecular profiling.

Conclusion: A change in stage was observed in 11.9% of patients, and adjuvant therapy was administered to 20 patients, of whom 16 received adjuvant therapy based solely on SLN involvement (in the form of micro- and macro-metastasis), thus preventing undertreatment. Overtreatment was reduced in six patients who were classified as high-grade and non-endometrioid types with SLN metastases.

目的:探讨低危和中危子宫内膜癌(EC)患者前哨淋巴结(SLN)转移的发生率以及SLN分析对分期和辅助治疗的影响。次要目的包括使用吲哚菁绿(ICG)染料评估SLN的检出率和并发症发生率。方法:2017年3月至2023年12月,210例患者纳入研究。210例患者经宫颈ICG染色注射共检出412个sln。结果:病理证实检出率为0.95%。经病理及免疫组化检测,前哨转移阳性25例(11.9%),其中分离肿瘤细胞5例(2.4%),微转移6例(2.9%),大转移14例(6.7%)。SLN转移伴微观和宏观转移转变为III期;因此,辅助治疗以化疗和放疗的形式进行。在210例患者中,186例(88.5%)在最终组织病理学分析后仍处于中低风险。其他24例患者表现为SLN转移、高级别EC、高分期检测或分子谱高风险。结论:11.9%的患者出现分期改变,20例患者接受了辅助治疗,其中16例患者仅根据SLN受损伤(以微转移和大转移的形式)接受了辅助治疗,避免了治疗不足。6例SLN转移的高级别和非子宫内膜样类型患者的过度治疗减少。
{"title":"Significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy in low- and intermediate- risk endometrial cancer: a study at tertiary care centre, India.","authors":"Kanika Batra Modi, Arnika Kumari Kashyap, Manvika Chandel, Komal Agrawal, Harit Kumar Chaturvedi","doi":"10.5468/ogs.24182","DOIUrl":"10.5468/ogs.24182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the incidence of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis observed in patients with presumed low- and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer (EC) and change in stage and adjuvant therapy resulting from SLN analysis. Secondary objectives include assessing the rates of detection of SLN using indocyanine green (ICG) dye and complication rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between March 2017 and December 2023, 210 patients were included in the study. A total of 412 SLNs were detected in 210 patients using intracervical ICG dye injections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pathologically confirmed detection rate was >95%. A total of 25 patients (11.9%) exhibited positive sentinel metastasis detected through pathological and immunohistochemical analysis, with in five (2.4%), micro-metastasis in six (2.9%), and macro-metastasis in 14 patients (6.7%). SLN metastasis with micro- and macro-metastases changed to stage III; therefore, adjuvant therapy was administered in the form of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Of the 210 patients, 186 (88.5%) remained at low and intermediate risk after the final histopathological analysis. The other 24 patients exhibited SLN metastasis, high-grade EC, higher-stage detection, or high risk on molecular profiling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A change in stage was observed in 11.9% of patients, and adjuvant therapy was administered to 20 patients, of whom 16 received adjuvant therapy based solely on SLN involvement (in the form of micro- and macro-metastasis), thus preventing undertreatment. Overtreatment was reduced in six patients who were classified as high-grade and non-endometrioid types with SLN metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":37602,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Science","volume":" ","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Obstetrics and Gynecology Science
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