When designing mixed-initiative systems, full formalization of all potentially relevant knowledge may not be cost-effective or practical. This paper motivates the need for semi-formal representations that combine machine-processable structures with free text statements, and discusses the need to design them in a way that makes the free text more amenable to automated structuring and processing. Our work is done in the context of argumentation systems, and has explored a range of tradeoffs in combining informal free-text statements with formal connectors. The paper compares alternative argument representations which combine structured argument connectors with free text. We discuss merits of the systems based on a variety of analysis structures that we have collected from Web users to date.
{"title":"User interfaces with semi-formal representations: a study of designing argumentation structures","authors":"Timothy Chklovski, V. Ratnakar, Y. Gil","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040864","url":null,"abstract":"When designing mixed-initiative systems, full formalization of all potentially relevant knowledge may not be cost-effective or practical. This paper motivates the need for semi-formal representations that combine machine-processable structures with free text statements, and discusses the need to design them in a way that makes the free text more amenable to automated structuring and processing. Our work is done in the context of argumentation systems, and has explored a range of tradeoffs in combining informal free-text statements with formal connectors. The paper compares alternative argument representations which combine structured argument connectors with free text. We discuss merits of the systems based on a variety of analysis structures that we have collected from Web users to date.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"346 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124276665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe a method for predicting user intentions as part of a human-robot interface. In particular, we show that funnels, i.e., geometric objects that partition an input space, provide a convenient means for discriminating individual objects and for clustering sets of objects for hierarchical tasks. One advantage of the proposed implementation is that a simple parametric model can be used to specify the shape of a funnel, and a straightforward heuristic for setting initial parameter values appears promising. We discuss the possibility of adapting the user interface with machine learning techniques, and we illustrate the approach with a humanoid robot performing a variation of a standard peg-insertion task.
{"title":"User intentions funneled through a human-robot interface","authors":"M. Rosenstein, A. Fagg, S. Ou, R. Grupen","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040888","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a method for predicting user intentions as part of a human-robot interface. In particular, we show that funnels, i.e., geometric objects that partition an input space, provide a convenient means for discriminating individual objects and for clustering sets of objects for hierarchical tasks. One advantage of the proposed implementation is that a simple parametric model can be used to specify the shape of a funnel, and a straightforward heuristic for setting initial parameter values appears promising. We discuss the possibility of adapting the user interface with machine learning techniques, and we illustrate the approach with a humanoid robot performing a variation of a standard peg-insertion task.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114921778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilenia Graziola, F. Pianesi, M. Zancanaro, Dina Goren-Bar
In this work, we present a study about adaptation on a mobile museum guide aiming at investigating the relationships between personality traits and the attitudes toward some basic dimensions of adaptivity. Each participant was exposed to two simulated systems that realized an adaptive and a non-adaptive version, respectively, on each of the dimensions investigated. The study showed interesting effects of Big Five personality traits on acceptance of the adaptivity dimensions; in particular conscientiousness, creativity and stability. Locus of control seemed to have a limited yet quite selective effect on delegating to the system the choice of follow-ups.
{"title":"Dimensions of adaptivity in mobile systems: personality and people's attitudes","authors":"Ilenia Graziola, F. Pianesi, M. Zancanaro, Dina Goren-Bar","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040879","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a study about adaptation on a mobile museum guide aiming at investigating the relationships between personality traits and the attitudes toward some basic dimensions of adaptivity. Each participant was exposed to two simulated systems that realized an adaptive and a non-adaptive version, respectively, on each of the dimensions investigated. The study showed interesting effects of Big Five personality traits on acceptance of the adaptivity dimensions; in particular conscientiousness, creativity and stability. Locus of control seemed to have a limited yet quite selective effect on delegating to the system the choice of follow-ups.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127707625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Tutorials","authors":"J. Kim","doi":"10.1145/3249362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3249362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116178605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Machine learning (ML) is a complex process that can hardly be carried out by non-expert users. Especially when using adaptive systems that interpret and exploit observations of the user to modify their behavior according to the user's perceived preferences, even naïve users may be confronted with learning systems. This paper presents an approach to make non-expert users understand and influence an ML system such as to improve trust and acceptance of the overall system behavior.
{"title":"An ontology-based interface for machine learning","authors":"M. Bauer, Stephan Baldes","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040911","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) is a complex process that can hardly be carried out by non-expert users. Especially when using adaptive systems that interpret and exploit observations of the user to modify their behavior according to the user's perceived preferences, even naïve users may be confronted with learning systems. This paper presents an approach to make non-expert users understand and influence an ML system such as to improve trust and acceptance of the overall system behavior.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126189918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral tradition, aboral coordination: building rapport with embodied conversational agents Harmony or rapport between people is essential for relationships as diverse as seller-buyer and teacher-learner. In this talk I describe the kinds of verbal behaviors -- such as common interactional structures and narrative resonance -- and non-verbal behaviors -- such as attention, positivity, and coordination -- that function together to establish a sense of rapport between two people in conversation. These studies are used as the basis for the implementation of virtual peers -- adults, but also more recently embodied conversational virtual children who are capable of acting as friends and learning partners with real children from different ethnic traditions, collaborating to tell stories from the child's own cultural context, and aiding children in making the transition between home and school language.
{"title":"Oral tradition, aboral coordination: building rapport with embodied conversational agents","authors":"Justine Cassell","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040832","url":null,"abstract":"Oral tradition, aboral coordination: building rapport with embodied conversational agents Harmony or rapport between people is essential for relationships as diverse as seller-buyer and teacher-learner. In this talk I describe the kinds of verbal behaviors -- such as common interactional structures and narrative resonance -- and non-verbal behaviors -- such as attention, positivity, and coordination -- that function together to establish a sense of rapport between two people in conversation. These studies are used as the basis for the implementation of virtual peers -- adults, but also more recently embodied conversational virtual children who are capable of acting as friends and learning partners with real children from different ethnic traditions, collaborating to tell stories from the child's own cultural context, and aiding children in making the transition between home and school language.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132355048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin McCarthy, James Reilly, L. McGinty, Barry Smyth
Conversational recommender systems are commonly used to help users to navigate through complex product-spaces by alternatively making product suggestions and soliciting user feedback in order to guide subsequent suggestions. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in developing effective interfaces that support user interaction in domains of limited user expertise. Critiquing has proven to be a popular and successful user feedback mechanism in this regard, but is typically limited to the modification of single features. We review a novel approach to critiquing, dynamic critiquing, that allows users to modify multiple features simultaneously by choosing from a range of so-called compound critiques that are automatically proposed based on their current position within the product-space. In addition, we introduce the results of an important new live-user study that evaluates the practical benefits of dynamic critiquing.
{"title":"Experiments in dynamic critiquing","authors":"Kevin McCarthy, James Reilly, L. McGinty, Barry Smyth","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040871","url":null,"abstract":"Conversational recommender systems are commonly used to help users to navigate through complex product-spaces by alternatively making product suggestions and soliciting user feedback in order to guide subsequent suggestions. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in developing effective interfaces that support user interaction in domains of limited user expertise. Critiquing has proven to be a popular and successful user feedback mechanism in this regard, but is typically limited to the modification of single features. We review a novel approach to critiquing, dynamic critiquing, that allows users to modify multiple features simultaneously by choosing from a range of so-called compound critiques that are automatically proposed based on their current position within the product-space. In addition, we introduce the results of an important new live-user study that evaluates the practical benefits of dynamic critiquing.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129034131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Birnbaum, W. Hopp, S. Iravani, K. Livingston, Biying Shou, T. Tirpak
Pinpoint is a promising first step towards using a rich model of task context in proactive and dynamic IR systems. Pinpoint allows a user to navigate decision tree representations of problem spaces, built by domain experts, while dynamically entering annotations specific to their problem. The system then automatically generates queries to information repositories based on both the user's annotations and location in the problem space, producing results that are both task focused and problem specific. Initial feedback from users and domain experts has been positive.
{"title":"Task aware information access for diagnosis of manufacturing problems","authors":"L. Birnbaum, W. Hopp, S. Iravani, K. Livingston, Biying Shou, T. Tirpak","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040909","url":null,"abstract":"Pinpoint is a promising first step towards using a rich model of task context in proactive and dynamic IR systems. Pinpoint allows a user to navigate decision tree representations of problem spaces, built by domain experts, while dynamically entering annotations specific to their problem. The system then automatically generates queries to information repositories based on both the user's annotations and location in the problem space, producing results that are both task focused and problem specific. Initial feedback from users and domain experts has been positive.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127998858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthias Jöst, J. Häußler, Matthias Merdes, R. Malaka
What are the most suitable interaction paradigms for navigational and informative tasks for pedestrians? Is there an influence of social and situational context on multimodal interaction? Our study takes a closer look at a multimodal system on a handheld device that was recently developed as a prototype for mobile navigation assistance. The system allows visitors of a city to navigate, to get information on sights, and to use and manipulate map information. In an outdoor evaluation, we studied the usability of such a system on site. The study yields insight about how multimodality can enhance the usability of hand-held devices with their future services. We show, for example that for our more complicated tasks multimodal interaction is superior to classical unimodal interaction.
{"title":"Multimodal interaction for pedestrians: an evaluation study","authors":"Matthias Jöst, J. Häußler, Matthias Merdes, R. Malaka","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040852","url":null,"abstract":"What are the most suitable interaction paradigms for navigational and informative tasks for pedestrians? Is there an influence of social and situational context on multimodal interaction? Our study takes a closer look at a multimodal system on a handheld device that was recently developed as a prototype for mobile navigation assistance. The system allows visitors of a city to navigate, to get information on sights, and to use and manipulate map information. In an outdoor evaluation, we studied the usability of such a system on site. The study yields insight about how multimodality can enhance the usability of hand-held devices with their future services. We show, for example that for our more complicated tasks multimodal interaction is superior to classical unimodal interaction.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127233640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the Media Lab we are developing a resource called StoryNet, a very-large database of story scripts that can be used for commonsense reasoning by computers. This paper introduces ComicKit, an interface for acquiring StoryNet scripts from casual internet users. The core element of the interface is its ability to dynamically make common-sense suggestions that guide user story construction. We describe the encouraging results of a preliminary user study, and discuss future directions for ComicKit.
{"title":"ComicKit: acquiring story scripts using common sense feedback","authors":"Ryan Williams, Barbara Barry, Push Singh","doi":"10.1145/1040830.1040907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1040830.1040907","url":null,"abstract":"At the Media Lab we are developing a resource called StoryNet, a very-large database of story scripts that can be used for commonsense reasoning by computers. This paper introduces ComicKit, an interface for acquiring StoryNet scripts from casual internet users. The core element of the interface is its ability to dynamically make common-sense suggestions that guide user story construction. We describe the encouraging results of a preliminary user study, and discuss future directions for ComicKit.","PeriodicalId":376409,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130186494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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