Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3473
M. Rybicka, Andrii Havinskyi
When considering Trypillia Culture imports in the pottery assemblage of the Funnel Beaker Culture settlement in Zymne, many scholars have emphasized the significance of this evidence when conceptualizing connections between communities of both Cultures, and also highlight the chronological aspects of the matter. The available data make it possible to associate pottery assemblage from Zymne with Gordineşti group of the Trypillia CII stage which dates back to the time range from 3300 until 3000/2950 BC and corresponds to occupation phase II of the Funnel Beaker Culture in Gródek.
{"title":"Trypillia culture pottery imports with attributes of the latest phase of the Trypillia CII stage in the Funnel Beaker culture settlement Zymne, western Ukraine","authors":"M. Rybicka, Andrii Havinskyi","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3473","url":null,"abstract":"When considering Trypillia Culture imports in the pottery assemblage of the Funnel Beaker Culture settlement in Zymne, many scholars have emphasized the significance of this evidence when conceptualizing connections between communities of both Cultures, and also highlight the chronological aspects of the matter. The available data make it possible to associate pottery assemblage from Zymne with Gordineşti group of the Trypillia CII stage which dates back to the time range from 3300 until 3000/2950 BC and corresponds to occupation phase II of the Funnel Beaker Culture in Gródek.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3170
I. Kozyr, K. Panchenko, Oleksandr Chornyi
The article is devoted to an analysis of the funeral rite from the mound near the village of Vasyne in Kirovohrad region. The site is located on the border of the Dnipro right-bank forest-steppe and steppe. The main Scythian burial was deposited in a wooden chamber on the ancient ground surface. A complex wooden burial structure of oak timbers constructed over it was partially burnt, but was well preserved. The remains of artefacts found in the burial site, including fragments of ancient amphoras, among them plump-throated Chios, thin-walled antique black-figured kylix, fragments of ceramic vessels, and animal bones. Undoubtedly, the most interesting find was a stone anthropomorphic stele of grey granite. The complex dates to the first quarter of the 5th century BC.
{"title":"Funeral rite in the mound of Scythian time near Vasyne","authors":"I. Kozyr, K. Panchenko, Oleksandr Chornyi","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3170","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an analysis of the funeral rite from the mound near the village of Vasyne in Kirovohrad region. The site is located on the border of the Dnipro right-bank forest-steppe and steppe. The main Scythian burial was deposited in a wooden chamber on the ancient ground surface. A complex wooden burial structure of oak timbers constructed over it was partially burnt, but was well preserved. The remains of artefacts found in the burial site, including fragments of ancient amphoras, among them plump-throated Chios, thin-walled antique black-figured kylix, fragments of ceramic vessels, and animal bones. Undoubtedly, the most interesting find was a stone anthropomorphic stele of grey granite. The complex dates to the first quarter of the 5th century BC.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3621
N. Bulyk, Oksana Kutsenyak
{"title":"Science has lost a very good researcher, but we have lost a dear friend: in memory of Mykola Mayorchak","authors":"N. Bulyk, Oksana Kutsenyak","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3586
V. Rud, Olha Zaitseva, Weronika Skrzyniecka, V. Kosakivskyi, Robert Hofmann
The article presents an analysis of a collection of ceramic fragments with textile imprints from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma, which are situated in modern Ukraine. The analysis involved macroscopic and microscopic examinations as well as use-wear studies, aimed at characterizing traces that provide insights into the production and utilization of ceramic vessels and textile products. A comparison of results with published data from the Trypillia settlements located mainly to the east of the Dnister River was carried out. A preliminary characterization of the shared and distinct characteristics in the development of the economic activities during the Trypillia CI and CII stages (i.e., during 4th millennium BC), was completed.
{"title":"Tracing the micro processes of the production and use of ceramic vessels and textile products from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma (Ukraine)","authors":"V. Rud, Olha Zaitseva, Weronika Skrzyniecka, V. Kosakivskyi, Robert Hofmann","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3586","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of a collection of ceramic fragments with textile imprints from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma, which are situated in modern Ukraine. The analysis involved macroscopic and microscopic examinations as well as use-wear studies, aimed at characterizing traces that provide insights into the production and utilization of ceramic vessels and textile products. A comparison of results with published data from the Trypillia settlements located mainly to the east of the Dnister River was carried out. A preliminary characterization of the shared and distinct characteristics in the development of the economic activities during the Trypillia CI and CII stages (i.e., during 4th millennium BC), was completed.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3424
Mykyta Ivanov
According to the classical model of the metallurgical raw material supply chain proposed by Eugeniy Chernykh, the Eneolithic and Early Bronze age cultures of Ukraine were completely dependent on imported raw material. It seems that the main supplier of metal, as well as some complete goods during the 5th and 4th Millennia BC, was the ‘Carpatho-Balkan Metallurgical Province (CBMP)’ while during the 3rd Millennium BC, the provision chain was reoriented towards the ‘Circumpontic Metallurgical Province (CMP)’. Yet, new discoveries that were made during the 1990s-2020s indicate the need for the amendment of such a model. This is the aim of the current paper. In the following text, the concept of four Ukrainian local metallurgical provinces and two metalworking foci will be introduced. The typology and dating of the recently discovered metal objects as well as metallurgical tools will be provided. The question of the existence of domestic metallurgical raw material deposits will be discussed.
{"title":"Early metallurgy of Ukraine of the Late 5th – 4th Millennia BC: a Synthesis","authors":"Mykyta Ivanov","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3424","url":null,"abstract":"According to the classical model of the metallurgical raw material supply chain proposed by Eugeniy Chernykh, the Eneolithic and Early Bronze age cultures of Ukraine were completely dependent on imported raw material. It seems that the main supplier of metal, as well as some complete goods during the 5th and 4th Millennia BC, was the ‘Carpatho-Balkan Metallurgical Province (CBMP)’ while during the 3rd Millennium BC, the provision chain was reoriented towards the ‘Circumpontic Metallurgical Province (CMP)’. Yet, new discoveries that were made during the 1990s-2020s indicate the need for the amendment of such a model. This is the aim of the current paper. In the following text, the concept of four Ukrainian local metallurgical provinces and two metalworking foci will be introduced. The typology and dating of the recently discovered metal objects as well as metallurgical tools will be provided. The question of the existence of domestic metallurgical raw material deposits will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3558
S. Alexandrov, P. Włodarczak
In 2021, excavations of a barrow were conducted on the Pamukli Bair hill in Malomirovo, Elhovo municipality, Upper Thrace, Bulgaria. These excavations yielded a remarkable discovery – a sequence of graves dating back to the late fourth and third millennium BC. Notably, these findings prominently featured elements of the early Pit-Grave culture, also known as the Yamna culture. However, the commencement of this burial sequence was marked by graves that diverged from the norms of the Yamna culture. These early graves contained individuals interred in a crouched position, with their heads oriented towards the east. Unlike the prevalent use of ochre in the Yamna culture, this type of funeral ritual exhibited a limited presence of ochre. Comparable central graves of this kind have also been documented in other barrows throughout the Middle Tundzha region and various parts of Upper Thrace, particularly in the “Maritsa-Iztok” area. These burials can be dated to the end of the fourth millennium BC and display similarities to both local funeral traditions (Ezero A1) and graves analogous to the Cernavodă/Nizhna Mikhailivka traditions. The horizon of barrow necropolises featuring these distinctive burials is clearly discernible within the Upper Thrace region and seamlessly connects to the horizon of the early Pit-Grave culture.
{"title":"Early Bronze Age Pamukli bair barrow near Malomirovo and the problem of east-oriented barrow graves in Upper Thrace","authors":"S. Alexandrov, P. Włodarczak","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3558","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021, excavations of a barrow were conducted on the Pamukli Bair hill in Malomirovo, Elhovo municipality, Upper Thrace, Bulgaria. These excavations yielded a remarkable discovery – a sequence of graves dating back to the late fourth and third millennium BC. Notably, these findings prominently featured elements of the early Pit-Grave culture, also known as the Yamna culture. However, the commencement of this burial sequence was marked by graves that diverged from the norms of the Yamna culture. These early graves contained individuals interred in a crouched position, with their heads oriented towards the east. Unlike the prevalent use of ochre in the Yamna culture, this type of funeral ritual exhibited a limited presence of ochre. Comparable central graves of this kind have also been documented in other barrows throughout the Middle Tundzha region and various parts of Upper Thrace, particularly in the “Maritsa-Iztok” area. These burials can be dated to the end of the fourth millennium BC and display similarities to both local funeral traditions (Ezero A1) and graves analogous to the Cernavodă/Nizhna Mikhailivka traditions. The horizon of barrow necropolises featuring these distinctive burials is clearly discernible within the Upper Thrace region and seamlessly connects to the horizon of the early Pit-Grave culture.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3385
D. Grechko
One of the key issues in the chronology of Late Hallstatt period is the so-called Hallstatt plateau in the calibration curve extending the calibrated range of single dates to c. 800-400 BC. Analysis of the 14C dates of the ash-hill from the Chotyniec hillfort, indicate its dating to the time range, which does not exceed the interval of 780-469 BC. Typological analysis of the artefact collection allows us to date the ash-hill to the middle of the 7th – the first third of the 6th century BC (HaС2-HaD1). This dating corresponds to the Early Scythian timeand chronology of the Western Podillian group. The analysis of material culture allows us to indicate the immediate closeness of the Chotyniec agglomeration to the Western Podillian group.
{"title":"Western frontier of the Archaic Scythia: typo-chronology vs radiocarbon dating","authors":"D. Grechko","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3385","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key issues in the chronology of Late Hallstatt period is the so-called Hallstatt plateau in the calibration curve extending the calibrated range of single dates to c. 800-400 BC. Analysis of the 14C dates of the ash-hill from the Chotyniec hillfort, indicate its dating to the time range, which does not exceed the interval of 780-469 BC. Typological analysis of the artefact collection allows us to date the ash-hill to the middle of the 7th – the first third of the 6th century BC (HaС2-HaD1). This dating corresponds to the Early Scythian timeand chronology of the Western Podillian group. The analysis of material culture allows us to indicate the immediate closeness of the Chotyniec agglomeration to the Western Podillian group.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3471
M. Rybicka, A. Wacnik, D. Pokutta, P. Kittel, D. Okupny, D. Król, Agata Sady-Bugajska, Walenty Pankowski, G. Sîrbu, Mirosław Makohonienko, Michał Słowiński
This study aims to provide information on cultural and environmental factors influencing the development and decline of the Late Trypillia settlement at Gordineşti II–Stînca goală. The discussion is based on the results of archaeological excavations, non-invasive surveys (magnetometric and GPR), as well as radiocarbon, macroremains, palynological, archaeozoological, and isotopic analyses. All data suggests that Gordineşti II–Stînca goală consisted of at least 15 lightweight constructed dwellings. It was a small settlement existing c. 3300-2950 BC. Its inhabitants were oriented to cereal cultivation and livestock husbandry, using available areas with fertile soils. The livestock were well-fed. However, the location of the settlement on a highly exposed outcrop probably did not facilitate the use of the flowing water of the nearby Racovăţ River. The rock underlying the site would have made digging the wells a very tough task. Hence, the water access problem may be one of the factors that made life inconvenient at the Gordineşti II-Stînca goală settlement.
{"title":"Was Gordineşti II-Stînca Goala abandoned due to cultural changes or environmental impacts? A case of the late Trypillia settlement in northern Moldova","authors":"M. Rybicka, A. Wacnik, D. Pokutta, P. Kittel, D. Okupny, D. Król, Agata Sady-Bugajska, Walenty Pankowski, G. Sîrbu, Mirosław Makohonienko, Michał Słowiński","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3471","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to provide information on cultural and environmental factors influencing the development and decline of the Late Trypillia settlement at Gordineşti II–Stînca goală. The discussion is based on the results of archaeological excavations, non-invasive surveys (magnetometric and GPR), as well as radiocarbon, macroremains, palynological, archaeozoological, and isotopic analyses. All data suggests that Gordineşti II–Stînca goală consisted of at least 15 lightweight constructed dwellings. It was a small settlement existing c. 3300-2950 BC. Its inhabitants were oriented to cereal cultivation and livestock husbandry, using available areas with fertile soils. The livestock were well-fed. However, the location of the settlement on a highly exposed outcrop probably did not facilitate the use of the flowing water of the nearby Racovăţ River. The rock underlying the site would have made digging the wells a very tough task. Hence, the water access problem may be one of the factors that made life inconvenient at the Gordineşti II-Stînca goală settlement.","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3601
Serhiy Gorbanenko
{"title":"Archaeology of Ukraine during the years of Independence. A brief overview of the long-awaited publication","authors":"Serhiy Gorbanenko","doi":"10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37678,"journal":{"name":"Sprawozdania Archeologiczne","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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