Transnational Legal Theory最新文献

英文中文

The human side of protecting foreign investment. 保护外国投资的人性方面。

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-05-20 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1926141

Dorothea Endres

This article looks at the human side of protecting foreign investment in the sense that it zooms onto the role stereotypes play in the development of the relation between human rights and investment law. I demonstrate that international human rights law not only protects from discrimination based on stereotypes but also creates and reiterates stereotypes. These stereotypes may entrench differences between communities but also bear potential for new convergences. I argue that we need to focus on the humans producing the transnational legal discourse and the process of normalisation of those humans in order to destabilise stereotypes that hinder possible convergences of human rights and investment community. In short, this paper explores in what way international law's stereotypes encourage convergence or divergence in transnational legal discourse on the intersection between human rights and investment law.

本文着眼于保护外国投资的人性方面，因为它放大了刻板印象在发展人权与投资法之间的关系中所起的作用。我证明，国际人权法不仅保护人们免受基于陈规定型观念的歧视，而且还制造和重申陈规定型观念。这些刻板印象可能会加深社区之间的差异，但也有可能产生新的趋同。我认为，我们需要把重点放在产生跨国法律话语的人以及使这些人正常化的过程上，以便打破阻碍人权和投资界可能趋同的陈规定型观念。简而言之，本文探讨了国际法的刻板印象以何种方式促进了关于人权与投资法交集的跨国法律话语的趋同或分歧。

引用次数: 1

Problematising the ‘governance gap’: corporations, human rights, and the emergence of transnational law 使“治理差距”成问题:公司、人权和跨国法的出现

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1969628

Michael Elliot

ABSTRACT The problem of transnational corporate responsibility as it relates to human rights has been conceptualised as arising from a ‘governance gap’ (or gaps). Such a framing focuses attention on efforts to bridge that gap, including through expansion of private regulation, typically identified with the work of transnational law. This paper problematises that framing. It argues first, that the notion of ‘gaps’ in law (or governance more broadly) is inapt and second, that their invocation facilitates responses conducive to, rather than constraining of, transnational corporate power and authority. The argument is developed through analysis of decisions issued in the 1950s concerning oil concessions in Middle Eastern states that were formative of a postwar order enabling such power. The problem of (transnational) corporate human rights violations and impunity as it concerns law, the paper concludes, is better understood as arising not from any gap in law’s rule, but from how law rules.

跨国公司责任的问题，因为它涉及到人权，已被概念化为产生于“治理差距”(或差距)。这种框架将注意力集中在弥合这一差距的努力上，包括通过扩大私人管制，这通常被认为是跨国法的工作。本文对这种框架提出了质疑。它认为，首先，法律(或更广泛的治理)中的“差距”概念是不恰当的，其次，它们的调用促进了有利于而不是限制跨国公司权力和权威的反应。这一论点是通过分析20世纪50年代发布的有关中东国家石油特许权的决定而发展起来的，这些决定形成了战后秩序，使这种权力得以实现。本文的结论是，(跨国)公司侵犯人权和有罪不罚的问题与法律有关，最好理解为不是由法律规则的任何差距引起的，而是由法律如何规则引起的。

引用次数: 1

The corporate social credit system in China and its transnational impact 中国企业社会信用体系及其跨国影响

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1977019

Sarah Jakob

ABSTRACT The Social Credit System (SCS) is on the verge of becoming a new regulatory reality. The CCP is changing its governance tools by combining social management and big data. This article provides an overview on the possible impact of the SCS on corporations (CSCS) and analyses its potential extraterritorial effects. The role of transnational law (TL) as a political project is discussed and TL is thus a subject of this paper. Yet, concepts of TL are also used methodologically, as an analytical framework, to make subtle extraterritorial effect and potential legal change visible. The paper places the CSCS in the centre of the analysis and considers technological development, a changing geopolitical landscape, economic interdependence and the behaviour of individuals. The CSCS is an emerging example of the strategic and flexible norm diffusion of powerful states—which underlines the importance of TL as a problem orientated and border-transcending analytical framework.

摘要社会信用体系即将成为一个新的监管现实。中国共产党正在通过将社会管理和大数据相结合来改变其治理工具。本文概述了SCS对公司可能产生的影响，并分析了其潜在的域外影响。讨论了跨国法作为一个政治项目的作用，因此跨国法是本文的主题。然而，TL的概念也被方法论地用作分析框架，以使微妙的域外效力和潜在的法律变化显而易见。本文将CSCS置于分析的中心，并考虑了技术发展、不断变化的地缘政治格局、经济相互依存和个人行为。CSCS是强国战略和灵活规范扩散的一个新兴例子，它强调了TL作为一个面向问题和超越边界的分析框架的重要性。

引用次数: 0

From global justice to supply chain ethics 从全球正义到供应链伦理

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1978203

Ioannis Kampourakis

ABSTRACT This article traces a transition in the aspirations of social justice on global scale. The ‘welfare world’ vision of global justice, as it was captured most prominently by the proposals for a New International Economic Order in the mid-1970s, is contrasted with the contemporary ambitions of ‘supply chain ethics’, which seek to infuse transnational corporations with social responsibilities. These visions differ drastically in their ambitions, their epistemologies, and the role they reserve for the state but share a structural outlook on issues of social justice. Following the theme of the Special Issue, the shortcomings and the potential of the current supply chain ethics agenda in addressing the ‘human problems’ associated with corporate irresponsibility are reviewed. The paper suggests that mediating between structure and agency in a way that recontextualises the democratic principle is necessary to challenge power asymmetries in global regimes of production.

摘要本文追溯了全球范围内社会正义愿望的转变。全球正义的“福利世界”愿景在20世纪70年代中期的新国际经济秩序提案中得到了最突出的体现，与当代寻求为跨国公司注入社会责任的“供应链伦理”野心形成了鲜明对比。这些愿景在雄心、认识论和为国家保留的角色方面存在巨大差异，但在社会正义问题上有着共同的结构性观点。根据特刊的主题，审查了当前供应链道德议程在解决与企业不负责任相关的“人类问题”方面的不足和潜力。本文认为，为了挑战全球生产制度中的权力不对称，有必要在结构和机构之间进行调解，使民主原则重新文本化。

引用次数: 0

Bringing the human problem back into transnational law: the example of corporate (ir)responsibility 将人的问题重新纳入跨国法：以公司责任为例

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1982457

L. Knöpfel, Felix Lüth

ABSTRACT The special issue revisits the notion of human problems in Philip C Jessup’s 1956 Transnational Law' Storrs Lectures on Jurisprudence. In order to explore the methodology and analytical utility of human problems and transnational law, the contributions introduce various case studies on corporate (ir)responsibility. This introduction first presents the role of human problems in Jessup’s lecture on transnational law. It then briefly outlines some of the analytical benefits of a transnational human problem perspective in general and in the context of studying issues of corporate (ir)responsibility in particular. A final section provides summaries of the contributions brought together in this special issue.

摘要本期特刊在菲利普·C·杰瑟普1956年出版的《跨国法的斯托尔斯法学讲座》中重新审视了人类问题的概念。为了探索人类问题和跨国法的方法论和分析效用，本文介绍了关于公司责任的各种案例研究。这篇引言首先介绍了人类问题在杰塞普跨国法讲座中的作用。然后，它简要概述了跨国人类问题视角的一些分析益处，特别是在研究公司责任问题的背景下。最后一节简要介绍了本期特刊中汇集的贡献。

引用次数: 1

Corporate non-prosecution agreements as transnational human problems: transnational law and the study of domestic criminal justice reforms in a globalised world 作为跨国人类问题的公司不起诉协议:全球化世界中的跨国法律和国内刑事司法改革研究

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1967691

Felix Lüth

ABSTRACT Nowadays, cases involving questions of corporate (ir)responsibility are largely resolved through negotiated settlements. A controversial development in this context is the cross-border rise of procedures akin to US non- and deferred prosecution agreements which allow prosecutors to agree with corporations not to prosecute serious economic crimes. The article uses this example to discuss the relevance of transnational law as an analytical framework for studying domestic criminal justice reforms in a globalised world. It revisits one of the central, albeit less noticed, themes of Philip C Jessup’s seminal 1956 Storrs Lectures on Transnational Law – transnational human problems – and identifies its descriptive and evaluative-critical benefits. The article then investigates to what extent these benefits are reflected in today’s two main theories of transnational law in criminal justice, ultimately finding that Transnational Legal Ordering of Criminal Justice provides a more suitable analytical framework than Transnational Criminal Law in this context.

如今，涉及公司责任问题的案件大多通过协商解决。在这种背景下，一个有争议的进展是，类似于美国不起诉协议和暂缓起诉协议的程序正在跨境兴起，这些协议允许检察官与企业达成协议，不起诉严重的经济犯罪。本文用这个例子来讨论跨国法作为研究全球化世界中国内刑事司法改革的分析框架的相关性。它重新审视了菲利普·C·杰瑟普1956年开创性的斯托尔斯跨国法讲座(Storrs Lectures on Transnational Law)的一个中心主题——跨国人类问题——尽管不太引人注意，并确定了它在描述和评估方面的关键好处。然后，本文调查了这些好处在多大程度上反映在当今刑事司法中的两种主要跨国法理论中，最终发现在这种背景下，刑事司法的跨国法律秩序提供了比跨国刑法更合适的分析框架。

引用次数: 1

Private International Law, Global Value Chains and the externalities of transnational production: towards alignment? 国际私法、全球价值链与跨国生产的外部性:走向结盟?

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1970470

J. Salminen, Mikko Rajavuori

ABSTRACT Global value chains (‘GVCs’) have become a basic operative unit of economic production. Their development over the twentieth and twenty-first centuries has resulted in immense creation of wealth while linking together individuals, companies and economies across the world. But GVCs are also a major cause for environmental degradation, carbon emissions and human rights abuses—the ‘externalities’ of global production that are not captured by existing regulatory frameworks. This paper examines the role of private international law (‘PIL’) in mapping GVCs into specific jurisdictions. The analysis suggests that PIL, focused on individual entities, does not allow a systematic legal approach to GVCs, which are collective entities. This lack of a systematic approach exacerbates the externalities of global production. However, the budding legal operationalisation of GVCs provides a functional-analytical lens to understand, systematise, critique and develop the role of PIL as a fundamental transnational constituent in ordering global production in relation to GVCs and beyond.

全球价值链(GVCs)已经成为经济生产的基本运作单元。它们在20世纪和21世纪的发展带来了巨大的财富创造，同时将世界各地的个人、公司和经济体联系在一起。但是，全球价值链也是环境退化、碳排放和侵犯人权的一个主要原因——这些全球生产的“外部性”没有被现有的监管框架所涵盖。本文探讨了国际私法(PIL)在将全球价值链映射到特定司法管辖区中的作用。分析表明，PIL侧重于个体实体，无法对作为集体实体的全球价值链采取系统的法律方法。缺乏系统的方法加剧了全球生产的外部性。然而，全球价值链的法律运作的萌芽提供了一个功能分析的镜头来理解，系统化，批判和发展PIL作为一个基本的跨国组成部分，在与全球价值链相关的全球生产及其他方面的作用。

引用次数: 2

Engaging the creativity of law for organisational knowledge creation 运用法律的创造力促进组织知识的创造

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1978204

J. H. Ritter

ABSTRACT Economic organisations rely on processes of organisational knowledge creation in order to gain strategic intelligence, namely the ability to master their chaotic, complex reality. These processes depend critically upon the enactment of organisational models. The article argues that it is precisely from the perspective of knowledge creation that the function of the law of the economic organisation can be understood, leaving room for a reconsideration of the ‘the human problem of corporate (ir)responsibility’. Legal knowledge creation supports its organisational counter-part by supplying legal concepts from which organisational models can be unravelled. In the context of a legal analysis of networks, the legal knowledge creation consists in evolutionary processes that transform the legal concepts of juridical personhood and contract in the ‘light of the network context’. In identifying constellations of a co-extensiveness of organisational and legal knowledge creation the theoretical framework demonstrates the possibility for legal modulation of organisational knowledge creation.

摘要经济组织依靠组织知识创造过程来获得战略智慧，即掌握其混乱、复杂现实的能力。这些过程在很大程度上取决于组织模式的制定。文章认为，正是从知识创造的角度来理解经济组织法律的功能，为重新思考“公司责任的人的问题”留下了空间。法律知识创造通过提供法律概念来支持其组织对抗部分，从中可以解开组织模型。在网络法律分析的背景下，法律知识的创造包括在“网络背景下”转变法人和合同法律概念的进化过程。在确定组织和法律知识创造的共同广泛性的星座时，理论框架证明了对组织知识创造进行法律调节的可能性。

引用次数: 0

Transnational law and the politics of conflict minerals regulation: construing the extractive industry as a ‘partner’ for peace 跨国法律和冲突矿产监管的政治:将采掘业视为和平的“伙伴”

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1967683

Eliana Cusato

ABSTRACT This article considers the distributional effects of public and semi-private arrangements regulating extractive activities in conflict settings. The focus is on transnational legal interventions meant to improve how natural resources are ‘managed’ in fragile, war-torn, and post-conflict countries, namely the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme for Diamonds, the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative, and the OECD Due Diligence Guidance on Responsible Supply Chain of Minerals. Drawing upon a variety of critical traditions, it elucidates the assumptions upon which dominant approaches to ‘conflict minerals’ are premised. In doing so, the article shows how these initiatives fail to challenge the structural and political economic conditions that cause the problems they are intended to address. Further, it argues that, by framing the extractive industry as a ‘partner’ for peace, these legal instruments contribute to the legitimising of its continued operation in post-conflict countries, thereby stabilising the prevailing global structures of power in natural resource governance.

摘要本文考虑了冲突环境中管制采掘活动的公共和半私人安排的分配效应。重点是旨在改善脆弱、饱受战争蹂躏和冲突后国家自然资源“管理”方式的跨国法律干预，即金伯利进程钻石证书制度、采掘业透明度倡议和经合组织负责任矿产供应链尽职调查指南。它借鉴了各种批评传统，阐明了“冲突矿产”主流方法的前提假设。在这样做的过程中，文章展示了这些举措如何未能挑战导致其打算解决的问题的结构性和政治经济条件。此外，它认为，通过将采掘业界定为和平的“合作伙伴”，这些法律文书有助于使其在冲突后国家的持续经营合法化，从而稳定自然资源治理中普遍存在的全球权力结构。

引用次数: 2

The differentiation of international arbitration and the claim for democracy 国际仲裁的分化与民主诉求

Q2 Social Sciences

Transnational Legal Theory

Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/20414005.2021.1909330

M. Kaczmarczyk

ABSTRACT One of the most urgent and widely discussed problems of international organisations is their need for democratic legitimacy. In this article, a novel approach is developed for the study of democracy in international context. This approach is borrowed from sociological theory and focuses on Shmuel Eisenstadt’s and Niklas Luhmann’s views on social differentiation and illustrated through the current debate over the democratic deficits of international arbitration. The proposed differentiation theory provides a dynamic and abstract explanatory framework which apart from offering a conceptual frame of reference for the judicialisation of international relations, makes the concept of democracy more specific and precise. Moreover, in contrast to other theories, it explains the claims for democracy arising out of both differentiation and dedifferentiation processes. Ultimately, this article argues that the claim for democracy is inadequate when applied to international arbitration and obscures its need for other forms of legitimisation.

摘要国际组织最紧迫、讨论最广泛的问题之一是它们对民主合法性的需求。本文提出了一种在国际背景下研究民主的新方法。这种方法借鉴了社会学理论，侧重于施穆埃尔·艾森斯塔特和尼克拉斯·卢曼关于社会分化的观点，并通过当前关于国际仲裁民主缺陷的辩论加以说明。所提出的分化理论提供了一个动态而抽象的解释框架，除了为国际关系的司法化提供了一种概念参考框架外，还使民主的概念更加具体和精确。此外，与其他理论相比，它解释了分化和去分化过程中产生的民主主张。最终，本文认为，民主主张在适用于国际仲裁时是不充分的，并掩盖了其对其他形式合法化的必要性。

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Transnational Legal Theory

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀