Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040116
R. Evans, Ed Spittles
Ferranti had great experience in computers large and small. In the mid-70s they produced the F100-L, which was Europe’s first 16-bit microprocessor and one of the first in the world. The device enjoyed some success in military applications, enough for there to be a successor, but was never produced in high volume. We describe the technology and architecture of this unique microprocessor: bit-serial on the inside, with a parallel system bus connecting to coprocessor chips, and fabricated in Ferranti’s CDI technology, well-suited to military application.
{"title":"F100-L - Ferranti’s Innovative 16-bit Microprocessor","authors":"R. Evans, Ed Spittles","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040116","url":null,"abstract":"Ferranti had great experience in computers large and small. In the mid-70s they produced the F100-L, which was Europe’s first 16-bit microprocessor and one of the first in the world. The device enjoyed some success in military applications, enough for there to be a successor, but was never produced in high volume. We describe the technology and architecture of this unique microprocessor: bit-serial on the inside, with a parallel system bus connecting to coprocessor chips, and fabricated in Ferranti’s CDI technology, well-suited to military application.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128653384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040137
Petr Golan, Marcela Efmertová, Tomáš Konečný
The article deals with a little-known chapter in the history of computing. It describes the history of the Research Institute of Mathematical Machines and the development of computers in the former Czechoslovakia from 1947 to 1993.
{"title":"Czechoslovak Computer School","authors":"Petr Golan, Marcela Efmertová, Tomáš Konečný","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040137","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with a little-known chapter in the history of computing. It describes the history of the Research Institute of Mathematical Machines and the development of computers in the former Czechoslovakia from 1947 to 1993.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127041123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040031
Mark W. Baer, Jason K. Hui
This paper briefly describes the development of “Brown Box” interactive video game console, developed by IEEE Fellow, Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award and Edison Medal, and National Medal of Technology recipient Ralph H. Baer, and its influence on the personal desktop computer. Baer not only changed the course of history with respect to the start of the modern video game industry, but he also – whether knowingly or not at that moment – helped to significantly shape the world of computers.
本文简要介绍了由IEEE Fellow, Masaru Ibuka消费电子奖和爱迪生奖章，以及国家技术奖章获得者Ralph H. Baer开发的“Brown Box”交互式视频游戏机的发展及其对个人台式电脑的影响。贝尔不仅改变了现代电子游戏产业的历史进程，而且——不管当时是否有意——他还极大地塑造了计算机世界。
{"title":"How Interactive Video Games Helped Shape the Modern Computer World","authors":"Mark W. Baer, Jason K. Hui","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper briefly describes the development of “Brown Box” interactive video game console, developed by IEEE Fellow, Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award and Edison Medal, and National Medal of Technology recipient Ralph H. Baer, and its influence on the personal desktop computer. Baer not only changed the course of history with respect to the start of the modern video game industry, but he also – whether knowingly or not at that moment – helped to significantly shape the world of computers.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132684600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040130
D. Ibrahim, A. Davies
Digital Signal Processors (DSP) are high-speed dedicated processors designed to perform arithmetic operations on their input signal, and then output the processed signals. They are currently used in many applications, such as telecommunications, video and audio signal processing, flight control systems, spacecraft, missiles, etc. DSP processors have evolved through several generations over the last few decades. This paper outlines the evolution of some of the DSP processors from early days of 1970s to the present.
{"title":"The Evolution of Digital Signal Processors","authors":"D. Ibrahim, A. Davies","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040130","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Signal Processors (DSP) are high-speed dedicated processors designed to perform arithmetic operations on their input signal, and then output the processed signals. They are currently used in many applications, such as telecommunications, video and audio signal processing, flight control systems, spacecraft, missiles, etc. DSP processors have evolved through several generations over the last few decades. This paper outlines the evolution of some of the DSP processors from early days of 1970s to the present.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128863432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040039
V. Shilov, S. Silantiev
This article is devoted to Vladimir Karapetoff, an outstanding American engineer and scientist of Russian origin. His brief biography and scientific achievements are presented. We characterize in particular his contribution to the computations in the field of electrical machinery, long transmission lines etc. For the first time in the scientific literature, we describe the variety of original analog kinematic computing devices designed by Karapetoff in 1910s – 1920s.
{"title":"Computations Before Computers: Vladimir Karapetoff’s Kinematic Computing Devices","authors":"V. Shilov, S. Silantiev","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040039","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to Vladimir Karapetoff, an outstanding American engineer and scientist of Russian origin. His brief biography and scientific achievements are presented. We characterize in particular his contribution to the computations in the field of electrical machinery, long transmission lines etc. For the first time in the scientific literature, we describe the variety of original analog kinematic computing devices designed by Karapetoff in 1910s – 1920s.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125917078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040100
J. Baal-Schem
Israel was the first country in the Middle East that built and installed a Digital Computer. The impetus to build the first Digital Computer in Israel came from a Professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot and was supported by the first President of the State of Israel. Two additional computers were designed and built at the Weizmann Institute and these machines were operational from 1955 to 1983. Elbit Systems developed a minicomputer and presented it in 1968, but had marketing problems.
{"title":"Early Israeli Computers1","authors":"J. Baal-Schem","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040100","url":null,"abstract":"Israel was the first country in the Middle East that built and installed a Digital Computer. The impetus to build the first Digital Computer in Israel came from a Professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot and was supported by the first President of the State of Israel. Two additional computers were designed and built at the Weizmann Institute and these machines were operational from 1955 to 1983. Elbit Systems developed a minicomputer and presented it in 1968, but had marketing problems.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132019784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9039959
P. Grant, J. Thompson
This discusses the historical developments that led to the standardisation of the Ohm. Following developments in early electrical telegraphy systems, in 1861 the British Association (BA) set up a committee, which proposed electrical units of resistance, based on the metric system. The committee considered many of the earlier resistance standards, which had been developed in Britain and overseas, before proposing a wire coil standards system, the BA Unit of Resistance, which matched closely the requirements of telegraphic engineers. It finally fabricated several standard resistors in 1865, which still exist today in the London Science Museum. The committee later recommended, in 1872, that the unit of resistance be named the “Ohm,” after the celebrated German physicist and Georg Ohm. These material standards, later became the International Units of 1893, which continued in use until they were superseded by the SI units in 1948.
{"title":"Standardisation of the Unit of Electrical Resistance","authors":"P. Grant, J. Thompson","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9039959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9039959","url":null,"abstract":"This discusses the historical developments that led to the standardisation of the Ohm. Following developments in early electrical telegraphy systems, in 1861 the British Association (BA) set up a committee, which proposed electrical units of resistance, based on the metric system. The committee considered many of the earlier resistance standards, which had been developed in Britain and overseas, before proposing a wire coil standards system, the BA Unit of Resistance, which matched closely the requirements of telegraphic engineers. It finally fabricated several standard resistors in 1865, which still exist today in the London Science Museum. The committee later recommended, in 1872, that the unit of resistance be named the “Ohm,” after the celebrated German physicist and Georg Ohm. These material standards, later became the International Units of 1893, which continued in use until they were superseded by the SI units in 1948.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125025762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/histelcon47851.2019.9040129
E. Owen
Harry D. Huskey was a real, living person. He was also a mathematician who became a pioneer in the emerging field of computer science. Due to war-time secrecy surrounding development of high-speed computing machines during WW2, experience with such machines was limited to only a few people. Huskey, being one of those fortunate few, obtained the requisite experience through various rotating assignments; that experience put him in demand. As a result of being in demand, his advice was frequently sought in the 1950s by others; particularly as related to general-purpose electronic computer facilities. In spite of his early celebrity, today few people remember him or his accomplishments. Politics intruded rudely into his life and career on 3 occasions; each time taking a toll on him. He took positive actions to deal with disruptions and returned to a constructive role. Some consider his G-15 as the first “personal computer,” others regard the G-15 as being physically too large or expensive (or both) to be considered “personal.” During the mid-1950s, the main thrust of his work began changing from pioneering to teaching. He died in 2017 at 101-years of age as an esteemed mentor to his many followers. All of this is described from the perspective of an undergraduate student at UC Berkeley in the early 1960s. During this time Huskey was jointly Professor of Electrical Engineering and History at UCB. The main body of this narrative history is portrayed in a “classic” manner while appendices and sidebars are treated in a more revisionist style.
{"title":"Harry Huskey and the Bendix G-15: A Student’s Perspective","authors":"E. Owen","doi":"10.1109/histelcon47851.2019.9040129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/histelcon47851.2019.9040129","url":null,"abstract":"Harry D. Huskey was a real, living person. He was also a mathematician who became a pioneer in the emerging field of computer science. Due to war-time secrecy surrounding development of high-speed computing machines during WW2, experience with such machines was limited to only a few people. Huskey, being one of those fortunate few, obtained the requisite experience through various rotating assignments; that experience put him in demand. As a result of being in demand, his advice was frequently sought in the 1950s by others; particularly as related to general-purpose electronic computer facilities. In spite of his early celebrity, today few people remember him or his accomplishments. Politics intruded rudely into his life and career on 3 occasions; each time taking a toll on him. He took positive actions to deal with disruptions and returned to a constructive role. Some consider his G-15 as the first “personal computer,” others regard the G-15 as being physically too large or expensive (or both) to be considered “personal.” During the mid-1950s, the main thrust of his work began changing from pioneering to teaching. He died in 2017 at 101-years of age as an esteemed mentor to his many followers. All of this is described from the perspective of an undergraduate student at UC Berkeley in the early 1960s. During this time Huskey was jointly Professor of Electrical Engineering and History at UCB. The main body of this narrative history is portrayed in a “classic” manner while appendices and sidebars are treated in a more revisionist style.","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131727087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040033
C. Pygott
A short history of the VIPER microprocessor, designed in the 1980’s with the aim of achieving a formal verification for the correctness of its design, for use in security and safety critical applications. Whilst arguably technically successful, it wasn’t commercially, and this led to legal action over the extent to which the formal verification had been achieved. The action required the establishment of a legal definition of ‘mathematical proof’
{"title":"The VIPER microprocessor","authors":"C. Pygott","doi":"10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON47851.2019.9040033","url":null,"abstract":"A short history of the VIPER microprocessor, designed in the 1980’s with the aim of achieving a formal verification for the correctness of its design, for use in security and safety critical applications. Whilst arguably technically successful, it wasn’t commercially, and this led to legal action over the extent to which the formal verification had been achieved. The action required the establishment of a legal definition of ‘mathematical proof’","PeriodicalId":377309,"journal":{"name":"2019 6th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117221360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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