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Plant Based Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Characterization by UV-Vis Spectroscopy 植物基ZnO纳米颗粒合成及紫外可见光谱表征
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.9
S. Bissa, P. Naruka, Raj Birthlya, Arihant Jain
In the modern fast changing world, as the green and environment friendly methods are much required and preferred over conventional toxic methods, plant based nano synthesis plays a vital role in future developments of nanotechnology. In this research article, we discussed on the synthesis and characterization of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles by green synthesis method utilizing the leaves of Ocimum Tenuiflorum as reducing agent for Zn salt. ZnO NPs prepared by such a technique exhibit superior antibacterial efficacy against a range of bacteria compared to ZnO NPs produced through chemical methods, without developing resistance to antibiotics. Further the prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy technique and the bandgap of particles was calculated by Tauc Plot method.
在快速变化的现代世界,绿色环保的纳米合成方法比传统的有毒方法更受人们的青睐,植物基纳米合成在纳米技术的未来发展中起着至关重要的作用。本文研究了以芦花叶为锌盐还原剂,采用绿色合成法合成氧化锌纳米粒子并进行了表征。与化学方法制备的ZnO NPs相比,该技术制备的ZnO NPs对多种细菌具有更好的抗菌效果,且不会对抗生素产生耐药性。利用紫外可见光谱技术对制备的ZnO纳米粒子进行了表征,并用Tauc图法计算了纳米粒子的带隙。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Linear Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Periodically Magnetized Cold Plasma 基于周期性磁化冷等离子体的线性磁场传感器设计
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.4
Nisha, Narendra Kumar, Bhuvneshwer Suthar
We have analyzed the impact of a linear magnetic field on the photonic band gaps exhibited by bulk cold plasma, under external square-wave-like periodic magnetic field of fixed magnitude, conceived as an extrinsic photonic crystal. Here photonic band gaps are determined using transfer matrix method (TMM). Here, the impact of an additional linear magnetic field is determined on the band gaps of plasma photonic crystal with constant magnitude of square like periodic magnetic field, for normal incidence. We determine how the additional and magnetic magnetic field affects the photonic band structure (PBS) and reflectance for such extrinsic photonic crystal. It is noted that, as we increase the additional applied magnetic field, the central frequency of band gaps is shifted toward higher frequency regions in GHz. The band edge increases linearly with the applied magnetic field. The shifting in lower band edge less as compared to upper edge. Sensor is a device which detect the stimuli and give output, and many physical parameters can be measured by sensors. The shifting of band edges can be utilized in design of magnetic field sensor. Here shifting in band gaps by variation in the additional applied magnetic field are determined. The larger value of sensitivity gives a good result for sensing-based application. This analysis is based on the band gaps of extrinsic photonic crystal, and can be employed in design of magnetic field sensor with good sensitivity. Moreover, it can find applications in tunable optical devices.
我们分析了线性磁场对大块冷等离子体在固定大小的类方波周期性磁场作用下所表现出的光子带隙的影响,并将其设想为一种外源光子晶体。本文采用传递矩阵法(TMM)确定光子带隙。本文在法向入射条件下,确定了在等量方形周期磁场条件下,外加线性磁场对等离子体光子晶体带隙的影响。研究了外加磁场和外加磁场对这种外源光子晶体光子带结构和反射率的影响。结果表明,随着外加磁场的增大,带隙的中心频率向GHz的高频区偏移。带边随外加磁场线性增加。与上边缘相比,下带边缘的移位较小。传感器是一种检测刺激并给出输出的装置,通过传感器可以测量许多物理参数。在磁场传感器的设计中,可以利用带边缘的移动。这里通过附加外加磁场的变化来确定带隙的位移。较大的灵敏度值对基于传感的应用具有较好的效果。该分析基于光子晶体的带隙,可用于设计具有良好灵敏度的磁场传感器。此外,它可以在可调谐光学器件中找到应用。
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引用次数: 0
TGA and Thermal Kinetics of Raw Calotropis Procera Fiber Reinforced PF Composites 原料原热量纤维增强酚醛复合材料的热重热分析和热动力学
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.6
Ritika Sharma, Akshay Joshi, Dimple, G. P. Singh
Natural fibre-reinforced composites are used in various structurally designed goods, from civil engineering to the production of automobiles, thanks to qualities like minimal density, a favourable aspect ratio, biodegradability, and ease of fabrication. The thermal behaviour of natural fibres and composites has also been researched. The thermal degradation kinetics characteristics of composites made with phenol formaldehyde resin and reinforced with untreated Aak fibre with varying fibre loads have been determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Flynn-Wall procedure determined each component and composite material's precise apparent activation energy (Ea). Varying fibre load (5, 10, 15, 20 wt.%) was used to reinforce PF resin, and TGA was taken for all composite samples. By observing TGA data composite with 15 wt% fibre load shows maximum thermal stability, it can also be concluded that the thermal stability of prepared composites increases with increasing fibre load. After 15 wt%, it starts to decrease.
由于天然纤维增强复合材料具有密度小、宽高比好、可生物降解和易于制造等特点,因此被用于各种结构设计产品,从土木工程到汽车生产。对天然纤维和复合材料的热性能也进行了研究。用热重分析法(TGA)测定了不同纤维负荷下酚醛树脂复合材料和未经处理的Aak纤维增强复合材料的热降解动力学特性。Flynn-Wall法测定了各组分及复合材料的精确表观活化能(Ea)。使用不同的纤维负荷(5、10、15、20 wt.%)来增强PF树脂,并对所有复合材料样品进行TGA测定。通过对TGA数据的观察发现,当纤维负荷为15%时,复合材料的热稳定性达到最大,并得出复合材料的热稳定性随纤维负荷的增加而增加的结论。在15 wt%之后,它开始下降。
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引用次数: 0
Optical and Mechanical Properties of Lithium Aluminosilicate Glass-ceramics 硅铝酸锂微晶玻璃的光学和力学性能
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.5
Anil Kumar, Anirban Chakrabarti, Shaona Chatterjee, M. S. Shekhawat, A. Molla
Lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics has many uses in high-tech applications. Beta quartz or spodumene solid solution phase in the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5 glass system has been precipitated by controlled heat-treatment of the parent glass. These glasses prepared by melt-quench technique. High transparency (>80%) in the visible wavelength range has been observed in the material by UV-VIS-NIR spectrometry.  FTIR spectra indicated the presence of Si-O as well as Al-O bonds in the glass-ceramics. The LAS glass ceramics showed moderate flexural strength (~80 MPa) and young’s modulus (~50 GPa). Microstructural characterization of the heat-treated glass ceramics by FESEM and TEM showed nano-crystalline spherical particles of 30-40 nm, which provided a rationale for its high transparency and good mechanical properties that may open up possibilities for newer applications.
硅铝酸锂微晶玻璃在高科技应用中有许多用途。通过对母玻璃进行控制热处理,在Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5玻璃体系中析出了β石英或锂辉石固溶相。这些玻璃是用熔体淬火技术制备的。紫外-可见-近红外光谱法观察到该材料在可见波长范围内具有较高的透明度(>80%)。FTIR光谱表明,微晶玻璃中存在Si-O键和Al-O键。LAS玻璃陶瓷具有中等的抗弯强度(~80 MPa)和杨氏模量(~50 GPa)。通过FESEM和TEM对热处理后的玻璃陶瓷进行了微观结构表征,发现了30-40 nm的纳米晶球形颗粒,这为其高透明度和良好的机械性能提供了基本原理,可能为新的应用开辟了可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Lead free glass-ceramic dielectrics: A highly potential material for energy storage, photonics and memory applications 无铅玻璃陶瓷介电材料:一种极具潜力的材料,用于储能、光子学和存储应用
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.1
A. Molla
To maintain a modern livelihood, huge amount of energy is needed which are primarily sourced from fossil fuels that causes global warming and has become an environmental concern. The use of renewable and sustainable green energy has been increasing day by day which needs efficient devices for storage and supply of energy on demand. Among the energy storage devices, batteries have a high energy storage density and low power output, while capacitors possess relatively lower energy density but are capable of exhibiting a high-power output. Dielectric capacitors show high-power density, ultra-fast charge-discharge rates and higher efficiency which make them indispensable for application in electronic devices. Dielectric materials used in the commercially available capacitors are mostly lead based ferroelectric and anti-ferroelectric ceramics.  As lead is toxic and causes havoc environmental concerns, the usage of lead/heavy metal containing materials is being gradually phased out and alternate lead-free high-performance materials are sought after. Due to difficulties in ceramic synthesis technique, uncontrolled grain growth and other defects are created resulting in poor dielectric properties. This article tries to present lead-free anti-ferroelectric glass-ceramics based dielectrics as an emerging material for catering to the future green energy demands.  Lead free glass-ceramics based dielectrics are multifunctional materials with huge potentials for ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) and photonic applications, besides their prospects as a future energy storage material.
为了维持现代生活,需要大量的能源,而这些能源主要来自导致全球变暖的化石燃料,这已经成为一个环境问题。可再生和可持续的绿色能源的使用日益增加,这就需要高效的设备来储存和按需供应能源。在储能器件中,电池具有较高的能量存储密度和较低的输出功率,而电容器具有相对较低的能量密度但能够表现出较高的输出功率。介质电容器具有高功率密度、超高速充放电速率和高效率等特点,在电子器件中有着不可缺少的应用前景。商用电容器中使用的介电材料主要是铅基铁电陶瓷和反铁电陶瓷。由于铅具有毒性和严重的环境问题,含铅/重金属材料的使用正在逐步被淘汰,人们正在寻求替代的无铅高性能材料。由于陶瓷合成技术的困难,产生了不受控制的晶粒生长和其他缺陷,导致介电性能差。本文试图介绍无铅抗铁电玻璃陶瓷基介电材料作为一种新兴材料,以满足未来的绿色能源需求。无铅玻璃陶瓷基介电材料是一种多功能材料,在铁电随机存取存储器(FRAM)和光子应用方面具有巨大的潜力,是一种未来的储能材料。
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引用次数: 0
Potential Functionality of Perovskite Solar Cells: A Brief Review 钙钛矿太阳能电池的潜在功能:综述
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.2
Surbhi Choudhary
Perovskite solar cells (PSC), with their high efficiency, low production costs, and diverse uses, have emerged as a viable technology for sustainable energy generation. The present study examines perovskite solar cells' benefic aspects and associated constraints, emphasizing their potential for futuristic advancement. Furthermore, the remarkable applications of perovskites in energy generation encouraged us to investigate the Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells compared with other solar energy technologies. Lastly, to resolve issues and promote their equitable adoption, the study presented recommendations for subsequent investigation and advancement.
钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSC)以其高效、低成本、用途广泛等优点,已成为一种可行的可持续能源发电技术。本研究考察了钙钛矿太阳能电池的有利方面和相关限制,强调了其未来发展的潜力。此外,钙钛矿在能源生产中的显著应用鼓励我们研究钙钛矿太阳能电池的功率转换效率(PCE)与其他太阳能技术的比较。最后,为了解决问题和促进公平采用,研究报告提出了后续调查和改进的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative study of FESEM, EDS, FTIR on alkali treated and untreated fiber of Aerva 碱处理和碱未处理Aerva纤维的FESEM、EDS、FTIR对比研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.8
Dimple, G. P. Singh, Ritika Sharma
The Amaranthaceae family plant, Aerva Tomentosa, grows abundantly in western Rajasthan, India. In the production of bio composites, the Aerva Tomentosa (Bui) can be used successfully as natural fibers. In this study, Aerva Tomentosa (Bui) fibers were extracted from the Bui plant and treated with an alkaline solution containing 5% NaOH. The investigation involved morphological and chemical characteristics of the extracted untreated Aerva Tomentosa fibers (ATF(0)) and extracted alkali treated Aerva Tomentosa fibers (ATF(1)). According to an analysis of ATF(0) and ATF(1) using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, both ATF(0) and ATF(1) included functional groups for cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The elimination of extractives from the surface of the fibers isolated from Aerva tomentosa is demonstrated by FESEM and EDS analysis. The surface of untreated fibers becomes smoother following treatment, as evidenced by FESEM images taken at various resolutions.
苋科植物,Aerva Tomentosa,在印度拉贾斯坦邦西部大量生长。在生物复合材料的生产中,Aerva Tomentosa (Bui)可以成功地用作天然纤维。在本研究中,从Bui植物中提取绒毛纤维,并用含有5% NaOH的碱性溶液处理。研究了提取的未经处理的绒毛Aerva Tomentosa纤维(ATF(0))和提取的碱处理的绒毛Aerva Tomentosa纤维(ATF(1))的形态和化学特性。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对ATF(0)和ATF(1)进行分析,发现ATF(0)和ATF(1)均含有纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的官能团。通过FESEM和EDS分析,证明了从绒毛Aerva分离的纤维表面消除了提取物。未经处理的纤维表面在处理后变得更光滑,正如在不同分辨率下拍摄的FESEM图像所证明的那样。
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引用次数: 0
Ab-initio study of structural and electronic properties of Ga1-xScxN Ga1-xScxN结构和电子性能的Ab-initio研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.3
Sahil Soni, D. Ahlawat
In this work, we have calculated the structural and electronic properties of Sc doped GaN in different configurations. This study has been done using first principles full potential linearized argumented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within the framework of Density Functional Theory. Here we used the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof for exchange and correlation effects. Our results obtained for structural parameters and band structures are in good agreement with experimental results as well as other theoretical work.
在这项工作中,我们计算了Sc掺杂GaN在不同构型下的结构和电子特性。在密度泛函理论的框架下,利用第一性原理全势线性化论证平面波(FP-LAPW)方法进行研究。本文采用Perdew、Burke和Ernzerhof的广义梯度近似(GGA)来描述交换效应和相关效应。我们得到的结构参数和能带结构的计算结果与实验结果和其他理论工作结果吻合得很好。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes based Electronic Sensors for Internet of Things (IoT) 基于多壁碳纳米管的物联网电子传感器的合成
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.10
Muhammad Bilal, Shama Parveen
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to advance devices other than computers that are connected to the Internet and can send and receive information. IoT is a new paradigm that has transformed traditional lifestyles into high-tech ones. It is the notion of a ubiquitous computer environment in which custom-sized electronics are effortlessly implanted into common things. Electronic sensors at the heart of the IoT detect physical/environmental occurrences, translate these measurements into electrical signals, and wirelessly transfer the data for remote computation. Indeed, the 5G communication and cloud computing stimulate the research in applications of carbon nanotubes in electronic devices. CNTs have demonstrated potential applications in electronics, biosensing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of ThingsIn present study, we report the synthesis of Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) at 600C on Zinc Oxide (ZnO) catalyst coated silicon substrate by thermal evaporation technique. As-grown MWCNTs are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). High density growth of MWCNTs have been confirmed by SEM image. Catalyst nanoparticles play very important roles in the decomposition of the hydrocarbon source and to provide nucleation site for growth of MWCNTs. High MWCNT density is required for IoT-based sensors with high performance, sensitivity, selectivity, and distant sensing. Because IoT not only provides services but also creates massive amounts of data. Hence, this study would be helpful for the next generation 5G communication and cloud computing stimulate to enhance living style.
物联网(Internet of Things, IoT)是指除计算机之外,连接到互联网并能够发送和接收信息的先进设备。物联网是将传统生活方式转变为高科技生活方式的新范式。这是一个无处不在的计算机环境的概念,在这个环境中,定制尺寸的电子设备毫不费力地植入到普通的东西中。物联网核心的电子传感器检测物理/环境事件,将这些测量结果转换为电信号,并无线传输数据以进行远程计算。事实上,5G通信和云计算刺激了碳纳米管在电子设备中的应用研究。碳纳米管在电子、生物传感、人工智能和物联网等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本研究报道了在氧化锌催化剂包覆的硅衬底上,采用热蒸发技术,在600℃的温度下化学气相沉积(CVD)合成多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对生长态MWCNTs进行了表征。SEM图像证实了MWCNTs的高密度生长。催化剂纳米颗粒在烃源的分解和MWCNTs的生长提供成核场所中起着重要的作用。基于物联网的传感器需要高MWCNT密度,具有高性能、灵敏度、选择性和远距离传感。因为物联网不仅提供服务,还创造了大量的数据。因此,本研究将有助于下一代5G通信和云计算刺激人们改善生活方式。
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引用次数: 0
Photo-physical properties of Pr (III) chelates of substituted nitrobenzoic acid and nitrophenols 取代硝基苯甲酸和硝基苯酚的Pr (III)螯合物的光物理性质
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.61343/jcm.v1i01.7
Alok Vyas, Mahendra Vyas, M. S. Shekhawat
Electronic absorption and emission spectra were recorded for chelates of Pr (III) with 2-hydroxy-4-nirobenzoic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-methyl-2-nitrophenol, 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol and 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol in various M: L stoichiometry and for different pH. Intensity and energy of intraconfigurational 4fn transitions have been determined from the absorption spectra. The spectroscopic parameters like Slater-Condon (Fk), Racah (Ek), Lande (ζ4f) and Judd-Oflet parameters Ωλ (λ=2, 4, 6) have been computed using statistical method like partial regression method. The Judd-Oflet intensity parameters and fluorescence spectra have been used to calculate radiative life time (τ) of two excited states 3P0 and 1D2. From the fluorescence spectra of the chelates, effective line width (Δλeff) spontaneous emission probability (A), fluorescence branching ratio (β) and stimulated emission cross section (σ) have been determined for three optical transition 3P0-3H4, 3P0-3H5 and 1D2-3H4. Spectroscopic and intensity parameters were studied with respect to the ligand field symmetry and degree of bond covalency.
记录了Pr (III)与2-羟基-4-硝基苯甲酸、3-羟基-4-硝基苯甲酸、4-羟基-3-硝基苯甲酸、4-甲基-2-硝基苯酚、4-氯-2-硝基苯酚和5-氟-2-硝基苯酚的螯合物在不同M: L化学计量和不同ph下的电子吸收和发射光谱。利用吸收光谱测定了构型内4fn跃迁的强度和能量。采用偏回归法等统计方法计算了Slater-Condon (Fk)、Racah (Ek)、Lande (ζ4f)和Judd-Oflet参数Ωλ (λ= 2,4,6)等光谱参数。利用Judd-Oflet强度参数和荧光光谱计算了3P0和1D2两个激发态的辐射寿命(τ)。从螯合物的荧光光谱中,测定了3P0-3H4、3P0-3H5和1D2-3H4三个光跃迁的有效线宽(Δλeff)、自发发射概率(A)、荧光分支比(β)和受激发射截面(σ)。研究了光谱和强度参数对配体场对称性和键共价度的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
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