This editorial comes in two parts: some remarks on barriers to the further expansion of the digital economy; and a brief introduction to the papers in this issue.
这篇社论分为两部分:对数字经济进一步扩张的障碍的一些评论;并对本期论文作了简要介绍。
{"title":"Editorial: Expanding the Digital Economy","authors":"L. Campbell","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.478","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial comes in two parts: some remarks on barriers to the further expansion of the digital economy; and a brief introduction to the papers in this issue.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84233507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is based on a report by the TelSoc Broadband Futures Group in which Australia’s progress during 2021 towards a National Broadband Strategy is assessed against the criteria set out in Towards a National Broadband Strategy for Australia: 2020-2030, a report prepared by TelSoc in November 2020. The Journal publishes this assessment of progress as a Special Interest Paper. The Assessment shows that there has been some, albeit limited, progress towards a National Broadband Strategy, including in various Australian Government statements about the development of the digital economy and its expectations of NBN Co in the provision of fixed broadband access services nationally.
{"title":"Assessing Australia’s Progress Towards a National Broadband Strategy at December 2021","authors":".. TelSoc Broadband Futures Group","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.472","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on a report by the TelSoc Broadband Futures Group in which Australia’s progress during 2021 towards a National Broadband Strategy is assessed against the criteria set out in Towards a National Broadband Strategy for Australia: 2020-2030, a report prepared by TelSoc in November 2020. The Journal publishes this assessment of progress as a Special Interest Paper. The Assessment shows that there has been some, albeit limited, progress towards a National Broadband Strategy, including in various Australian Government statements about the development of the digital economy and its expectations of NBN Co in the provision of fixed broadband access services nationally. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91257221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On 25 August 2021, TelSoc hosted the ninth Broadband Futures Forum, held online, to discuss the affordability of broadband services in Australia. A panel of four speakers, drawn from broadband providers and social policy advocates, outlined their experiences with affordability and digital inclusion. Discussion following the speeches ranged over the topics of a broad social policy response, the definition of affordability in relation to financial hardship, the provision of public Wi-Fi, and the availability of suitable devices.
{"title":"Broadband Futures Forum: Affordability of Broadband Services","authors":"L. Campbell, Johanna Mithen","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.468","url":null,"abstract":"On 25 August 2021, TelSoc hosted the ninth Broadband Futures Forum, held online, to discuss the affordability of broadband services in Australia. A panel of four speakers, drawn from broadband providers and social policy advocates, outlined their experiences with affordability and digital inclusion. Discussion following the speeches ranged over the topics of a broad social policy response, the definition of affordability in relation to financial hardship, the provision of public Wi-Fi, and the availability of suitable devices.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76489893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Snowy Mountains Scheme (1949–1972) was an Australian hydro-electricity generation triumph. However, the power co-ordination challenges were significant before the invention of fibre optic cable, as this historic paper from June 1964 attests.
{"title":"Revisiting the Power Co-ordination Challenges of the Original Snowy Mountains Scheme","authors":"S. Moorhead","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.467","url":null,"abstract":"The Snowy Mountains Scheme (1949–1972) was an Australian hydro-electricity generation triumph. However, the power co-ordination challenges were significant before the invention of fibre optic cable, as this historic paper from June 1964 attests.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76664493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A heterogeneous wireless network needs to maintain seamless mobility and service continuity; for this reason, we have proposed an approach based on the combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to forecast a handover during a movement of a mobile terminal from a serving base station to target base station. Additionally, the handover decision is made by considering several parameters, such as peak data rate, latency, packet loss, and power consumption, to select the best network for handover from an LTE to an LTE-A network. The performance efficiency of the new hybrid approach is determined by computing different statistical parameters, such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean square error (MSE), and error standard deviation (StD). The execution of the proposed approach has been performed using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the hybrid PSO-ANFIS model has better performance than other approaches in terms of prediction accuracy and reduction of handover latency and the power consumption in the network.
{"title":"Predictive Algorithm for Handover Decisions between LTE and LTE-A Networks","authors":"W. Benaatou, A. Latif, V. Pla","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.370","url":null,"abstract":"A heterogeneous wireless network needs to maintain seamless mobility and service continuity; for this reason, we have proposed an approach based on the combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to forecast a handover during a movement of a mobile terminal from a serving base station to target base station. Additionally, the handover decision is made by considering several parameters, such as peak data rate, latency, packet loss, and power consumption, to select the best network for handover from an LTE to an LTE-A network. The performance efficiency of the new hybrid approach is determined by computing different statistical parameters, such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean square error (MSE), and error standard deviation (StD). The execution of the proposed approach has been performed using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the hybrid PSO-ANFIS model has better performance than other approaches in terms of prediction accuracy and reduction of handover latency and the power consumption in the network.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83613439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper begins with a brief study on the development of the Chinese all-in-one app, WeChat, explaining how WeChat secured its popularity as the multi-functional ubiquitous mobile app in China. By using WeChat as an example, this paper further studies how the Social Credit System (SCS) in China was established out of collaboration between the Chinese government and eight entrusted private companies. This paper then analyses and evaluates the SCS from a socio-legal perspective, focusing on two key implications: the opaque algorithms and the potential abuse of power. The paper argues that the SCS needs to first gain trust from Chinese citizens. A starting point would be immediate action to standardise and reduce the opacity of the prototype. To enhance the longevity and effectiveness of the SCS, developing a legal framework to prohibit potential information misuse by the State and the entrusted companies is crucial: it needs to be put in place sooner rather than later. In constructing the much-needed legal framework, developing privacy laws is certainly a core step, but the framework needs more than just privacy laws. One crucial safeguard is the requirement for an independent tribunal or ombudsman to deal with credit-related complaints fairly and efficiently.
{"title":"State Control by Stealth in the Big Data Era – From WeChat to the Social Credit System in China","authors":"Grace Li","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.443","url":null,"abstract":"This paper begins with a brief study on the development of the Chinese all-in-one app, WeChat, explaining how WeChat secured its popularity as the multi-functional ubiquitous mobile app in China. By using WeChat as an example, this paper further studies how the Social Credit System (SCS) in China was established out of collaboration between the Chinese government and eight entrusted private companies. This paper then analyses and evaluates the SCS from a socio-legal perspective, focusing on two key implications: the opaque algorithms and the potential abuse of power. The paper argues that the SCS needs to first gain trust from Chinese citizens. A starting point would be immediate action to standardise and reduce the opacity of the prototype. To enhance the longevity and effectiveness of the SCS, developing a legal framework to prohibit potential information misuse by the State and the entrusted companies is crucial: it needs to be put in place sooner rather than later. In constructing the much-needed legal framework, developing privacy laws is certainly a core step, but the framework needs more than just privacy laws. One crucial safeguard is the requirement for an independent tribunal or ombudsman to deal with credit-related complaints fairly and efficiently.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76425920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Camila Bermeo Giraldo, Martha L. Benjumea-Arias, Alejandro Valencia-Arias, Iván A. Montoya-Restrepo
The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the acceptance and use of mobile banking among users in Medellín (Colombia). The factors we propose are built upon on seven constructs (customer service and support, perceived attitude, perceived usefulness, ease of use, perceived trust, intention to use, and perceived security), which were developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the literature. We collected the data from 220 questionnaires self-administered by mobile banking users in Medellín. Subsequently, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to determine the correlation between the set of observed variables and the constructs defined in the proposed acceptance model. We empirically conclude that the use of mobile banking among the population under study is mainly influenced by users’ perceived usefulness, perceived trust, and ease of use. The results show a strong correlation between perceived trust and perceived security and between perceived usefulness and intention to use.
{"title":"Factors Determining the Use and Acceptance of Mobile Banking in Colombia","authors":"Maria Camila Bermeo Giraldo, Martha L. Benjumea-Arias, Alejandro Valencia-Arias, Iván A. Montoya-Restrepo","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.391","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the acceptance and use of mobile banking among users in Medellín (Colombia). The factors we propose are built upon on seven constructs (customer service and support, perceived attitude, perceived usefulness, ease of use, perceived trust, intention to use, and perceived security), which were developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the literature. We collected the data from 220 questionnaires self-administered by mobile banking users in Medellín. Subsequently, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to determine the correlation between the set of observed variables and the constructs defined in the proposed acceptance model. We empirically conclude that the use of mobile banking among the population under study is mainly influenced by users’ perceived usefulness, perceived trust, and ease of use. The results show a strong correlation between perceived trust and perceived security and between perceived usefulness and intention to use.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86476946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Harbi, Ali Kadhim Al-Janabi, Hayder Almusa, Marwa Chafii, A. Burr
The Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) scheme represents the dominant radio interface for broadband multicarrier communication systems. However, with insufficient Cyclic Prefixes (CP), Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) occur due to the time-varying multipath channel. This means that the performance of the system will be degraded. In this paper, we investigate the interference problem for a MIMO Discrete Wavelet Transform (MIMO-DWT) system under the effect of the downlink LTE channel. A Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) decoder is used to estimate the decoded signal. The proposed iterative algorithm uses the estimated decoded signal to compute the components required for ICI/ISI interference reduction. In this paper, Iterative Interference Cancellation (IIC) is employed to mitigate the effects of interference that contaminates the received signal due to multiple antenna transmission and a multipath channel. An equalizer with minimum mean square error is considered. We compare the performance of our proposed algorithm with the traditional MIMO-OFDM scheme in terms of bit error probability under insufficient CP. Simulation results verify that significant improvements are achieved by using IIC and MIMO-IIC for both systems.
{"title":"Iterative Interference Cancellation for Multi-Carrier Modulation in MIMO-DWT Downlink Transmission","authors":"Y. Harbi, Ali Kadhim Al-Janabi, Hayder Almusa, Marwa Chafii, A. Burr","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.426","url":null,"abstract":"The Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) scheme represents the dominant radio interface for broadband multicarrier communication systems. However, with insufficient Cyclic Prefixes (CP), Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) occur due to the time-varying multipath channel. This means that the performance of the system will be degraded. In this paper, we investigate the interference problem for a MIMO Discrete Wavelet Transform (MIMO-DWT) system under the effect of the downlink LTE channel. A Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) decoder is used to estimate the decoded signal. The proposed iterative algorithm uses the estimated decoded signal to compute the components required for ICI/ISI interference reduction. In this paper, Iterative Interference Cancellation (IIC) is employed to mitigate the effects of interference that contaminates the received signal due to multiple antenna transmission and a multipath channel. An equalizer with minimum mean square error is considered. We compare the performance of our proposed algorithm with the traditional MIMO-OFDM scheme in terms of bit error probability under insufficient CP. Simulation results verify that significant improvements are achieved by using IIC and MIMO-IIC for both systems.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78344904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kapila Fonseka, Dr. Adam Amril Jaharadak, Murali Raman, J. Tham
The Internet has become the best innovative driver in the fourth industrial revolution, transforming businesses into a technological era with speed and cost-effectiveness. E-commerce is one of the modern business strategies used by many companies to expand their market without limiting its geographical boundaries. This business strategy was initially used by companies in developed countries and eventually adopted by developing countries. Sri Lanka is a developing country and e-commerce penetration is far below other countries in the region. Perceived benefits, transformational leadership, and competitive pressure are the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption. The Technology-Organization-Environment and Diffusion of Innovations theories were used as the base of this research, and 350 samples were collected from the senior managers of SMEs. All factors significantly influenced e-commerce adoption and that positively affected the organisational performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka.
{"title":"Determinants Affecting the Adoption of E-commerce and Its Impact on Organisational Performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka","authors":"Kapila Fonseka, Dr. Adam Amril Jaharadak, Murali Raman, J. Tham","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.412","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet has become the best innovative driver in the fourth industrial revolution, transforming businesses into a technological era with speed and cost-effectiveness. E-commerce is one of the modern business strategies used by many companies to expand their market without limiting its geographical boundaries. This business strategy was initially used by companies in developed countries and eventually adopted by developing countries. Sri Lanka is a developing country and e-commerce penetration is far below other countries in the region. Perceived benefits, transformational leadership, and competitive pressure are the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption. The Technology-Organization-Environment and Diffusion of Innovations theories were used as the base of this research, and 350 samples were collected from the senior managers of SMEs. All factors significantly influenced e-commerce adoption and that positively affected the organisational performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91060533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyzed the evolution of resources in organizations towards digital capital using the example of Russia, by analyzing data on the development of technological infrastructure. It concluded that, over the past decade, there were moderately favourable conditions in terms of technological orientation in the Russian Federation. However, only a third of Russian organizations have mastered digital transformation in the context of digital interaction in the online environment using relatively simple information technologies. At the same time, a downward trend was noted for the pace of digitization of business processes and management decisions through dedicated software, reducing the global competitiveness of such organizations. The quantitative assessment of the evolution of digital resources demonstrated that Russian organizations have only a basic level of mastery of digital technologies, with some additional capabilities. This level is characterized by the use of relatively simple digital technologies and standard software. Thus, Russian economic entities in almost all areas use information and communication technology as a component of digital capital for the production of added value, but within limited professional competencies. The study results can be used by organizations’ management for meso-level research and by policymakers for evaluating the digital economy.
{"title":"Evolution of Digital Capital in Organizations: A Quantitative Assessment","authors":"V. Bubnov, V. Kopilevich, A. Istomina","doi":"10.18080/jtde.v9n4.435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n4.435","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the evolution of resources in organizations towards digital capital using the example of Russia, by analyzing data on the development of technological infrastructure. It concluded that, over the past decade, there were moderately favourable conditions in terms of technological orientation in the Russian Federation. However, only a third of Russian organizations have mastered digital transformation in the context of digital interaction in the online environment using relatively simple information technologies. At the same time, a downward trend was noted for the pace of digitization of business processes and management decisions through dedicated software, reducing the global competitiveness of such organizations. The quantitative assessment of the evolution of digital resources demonstrated that Russian organizations have only a basic level of mastery of digital technologies, with some additional capabilities. This level is characterized by the use of relatively simple digital technologies and standard software. Thus, Russian economic entities in almost all areas use information and communication technology as a component of digital capital for the production of added value, but within limited professional competencies. The study results can be used by organizations’ management for meso-level research and by policymakers for evaluating the digital economy.","PeriodicalId":37752,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80027458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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