David Menor-Campos, Angelo Gazzano, K. Lezama-García, A. Domínguez-Oliva, A. Ogi, D. Mota-Rojas
Dogs might enjoy interaction with humans, making the human-dog relationship (HDR) important and necessary for domestic dogs. This relationship has expanded into an interaction where dogs are not solely considered companion animals but “service animals” for humans with special needs such as blindness, deafness, locomotion problems, or various conditions such as cardiovascular pathologies, epilepsy, diabetes, depression, and autism. This review aims to emphasize the effects of positive HDR on animal welfare and people with health or psychological problems, as well as individuals with special needs. It has been concluded that HDR is an interaction between humans and companion animals that might bring benefits for both. Companion animals are immersed in pleasant situations, and positive emotions might arise when keeping them physically and mentally active. Moreover, the welfare of dogs can also be improved due to the close bond with humans, who endeavor positive HDR and stress-free situations.
{"title":"Human-Dog-Relationship and its positive effects on dogs and their humans with special needs","authors":"David Menor-Campos, Angelo Gazzano, K. Lezama-García, A. Domínguez-Oliva, A. Ogi, D. Mota-Rojas","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23ss03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23ss03","url":null,"abstract":"Dogs might enjoy interaction with humans, making the human-dog relationship (HDR) important and necessary for domestic dogs. This relationship has expanded into an interaction where dogs are not solely considered companion animals but “service animals” for humans with special needs such as blindness, deafness, locomotion problems, or various conditions such as cardiovascular pathologies, epilepsy, diabetes, depression, and autism. This review aims to emphasize the effects of positive HDR on animal welfare and people with health or psychological problems, as well as individuals with special needs. It has been concluded that HDR is an interaction between humans and companion animals that might bring benefits for both. Companion animals are immersed in pleasant situations, and positive emotions might arise when keeping them physically and mentally active. Moreover, the welfare of dogs can also be improved due to the close bond with humans, who endeavor positive HDR and stress-free situations.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"155 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Mota-Rojas, A. Braghieri, Fabio Napolitano, Adolfo Álvarez-Macías, A. Bragaglio, D. Rodríguez-González, P. Mora-Medina, C. Pacelli, A. Domínguez-Oliva, E. Sabia, Jennifer Rios, G. De Rosa
Human-animal relationships for livestock refer to the interaction between stockpeople and animals during different stages of the productive cycle. For dairy buffaloes, the interaction during milking requires proper tactile stimulation to promote oxytocin release and prevent stressful handling that might reduce milk ejection. For buffaloes used for meat production, events such as mobilization and transport need to be performed by trained personnel to avoid injuries and negative behavioral responses from the animals. Maintaining a positive human-animal relationship is not only important from an economic perspective, but it is important to improve the welfare of water buffalo.
{"title":"Human-animal relationship in water buffalo: quality of stockpeople interactions and their effect on dairy and meat production","authors":"D. Mota-Rojas, A. Braghieri, Fabio Napolitano, Adolfo Álvarez-Macías, A. Bragaglio, D. Rodríguez-González, P. Mora-Medina, C. Pacelli, A. Domínguez-Oliva, E. Sabia, Jennifer Rios, G. De Rosa","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23ss02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23ss02","url":null,"abstract":"Human-animal relationships for livestock refer to the interaction between stockpeople and animals during different stages of the productive cycle. For dairy buffaloes, the interaction during milking requires proper tactile stimulation to promote oxytocin release and prevent stressful handling that might reduce milk ejection. For buffaloes used for meat production, events such as mobilization and transport need to be performed by trained personnel to avoid injuries and negative behavioral responses from the animals. Maintaining a positive human-animal relationship is not only important from an economic perspective, but it is important to improve the welfare of water buffalo.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"297 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tserennadmid Sodnompil, Musi Ji, Xinna Zhang, Lin Fu, Rui Zhang, Gaowa Hasi, Jambatsadimad Dagiimaa, Hejie Liu, Haya Na, Wangwei Xie, Huijie Shi, Narenhua Nasenochir, Yongchang Zhang
To enhance Bactrian camel population through reproductive technologies, 12 female camels (FC) aged 8-12 years underwent reproductive experiments involving synchronized estrus, superovulation, and artificial insemination. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we examined the secretion patterns of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2), and progesterone (PROG) in reproductive and non-reproductive seasons of FC. Exogenous hormones GnRH+GnRH, GnRH+PGF2α, and PMSG were given to synchronize estrus in FC. Comparing peak times and secretion levels of reproductive hormones determined the optimal protocol for synchronized estrus. The study found a positive correlation between FSH and LH secretion in FC, with LH higher. Female camels exhibited an increase in E2 secretion during the transition from non-reproductive to reproductive seasons. Conversely, the concentration of PROG in plasma was higher during the Non-reproductive season compared to the reproductive season. A positive correlation was observed between E2 and PROG levels in FC during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. Exogenous hormones induce LH and E2 peaks in 2-4 hours and 2-8 hours, respectively, for synchronized estrus. The GnRH+PGF2α hormone superior for estrus synchronization. Our study reveals distinct hormone secretion patterns in female camels during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. Our findings have significant implications for novel breeding technologies.
{"title":"Hormone secretion in serum of bactrian camels during breeding and nonbreeding seasons: Insights into reproductive physiology","authors":"Tserennadmid Sodnompil, Musi Ji, Xinna Zhang, Lin Fu, Rui Zhang, Gaowa Hasi, Jambatsadimad Dagiimaa, Hejie Liu, Haya Na, Wangwei Xie, Huijie Shi, Narenhua Nasenochir, Yongchang Zhang","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23033","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance Bactrian camel population through reproductive technologies, 12 female camels (FC) aged 8-12 years underwent reproductive experiments involving synchronized estrus, superovulation, and artificial insemination. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we examined the secretion patterns of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2), and progesterone (PROG) in reproductive and non-reproductive seasons of FC. Exogenous hormones GnRH+GnRH, GnRH+PGF2α, and PMSG were given to synchronize estrus in FC. Comparing peak times and secretion levels of reproductive hormones determined the optimal protocol for synchronized estrus. The study found a positive correlation between FSH and LH secretion in FC, with LH higher. Female camels exhibited an increase in E2 secretion during the transition from non-reproductive to reproductive seasons. Conversely, the concentration of PROG in plasma was higher during the Non-reproductive season compared to the reproductive season. A positive correlation was observed between E2 and PROG levels in FC during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. Exogenous hormones induce LH and E2 peaks in 2-4 hours and 2-8 hours, respectively, for synchronized estrus. The GnRH+PGF2α hormone superior for estrus synchronization. Our study reveals distinct hormone secretion patterns in female camels during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. Our findings have significant implications for novel breeding technologies.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139210345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The response of venomous snakes to anthropogenic landscape disturbance remains scarcely studied in tropical regions. Green pit vipers are among the most diverse venomous snakes in the Southeast Asian tropics and bite the highest number of people of any group of venomous snakes where they are found, yet conservation and snakebite management efforts have been hindered by limited prior studies of these organisms in both natural and anthropogenically disturbed landscapes. Subsequently, we sought to address key knowledge gaps regarding the persistence and response of green pit vipers to anthropogenic disturbance. Utilizing repeated field surveys coupled with remote sensing landscape feature data, we fit single-season Bayesian occupancy models to investigate the potential influences of weather variables on detection and various landscape features on the persistence of the big-eyed pit viper (Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) macrops). Temperature and humidity marginally positively influenced detection. The probability of T. macrops occupancy increased with increasing distance to buildings and houses, roads, water, and increased canopy height and elevation but decreased with increasing distance to the core zone of the reserve, natural forest, and if a site was a plantation. Our findings suggest that anthropogenic landscape disturbance influences the presence of T. macrops within a biosphere reserve in Thailand, contrary to the general perception that the species is resilient to land-use change. We strongly suggest further study of the green pit viper response to human disturbance, which would significantly benefit conservation and snakebite management plans for these diverse organisms.
{"title":"Finding the green in differently disturbed forests under different weather conditions: detection and occupancy of the green pit viper Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) macrops at the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, Thailand","authors":"Curt H. Barnes, C. Strine, P. Suwanwaree","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23037","url":null,"abstract":"The response of venomous snakes to anthropogenic landscape disturbance remains scarcely studied in tropical regions. Green pit vipers are among the most diverse venomous snakes in the Southeast Asian tropics and bite the highest number of people of any group of venomous snakes where they are found, yet conservation and snakebite management efforts have been hindered by limited prior studies of these organisms in both natural and anthropogenically disturbed landscapes. Subsequently, we sought to address key knowledge gaps regarding the persistence and response of green pit vipers to anthropogenic disturbance. Utilizing repeated field surveys coupled with remote sensing landscape feature data, we fit single-season Bayesian occupancy models to investigate the potential influences of weather variables on detection and various landscape features on the persistence of the big-eyed pit viper (Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) macrops). Temperature and humidity marginally positively influenced detection. The probability of T. macrops occupancy increased with increasing distance to buildings and houses, roads, water, and increased canopy height and elevation but decreased with increasing distance to the core zone of the reserve, natural forest, and if a site was a plantation. Our findings suggest that anthropogenic landscape disturbance influences the presence of T. macrops within a biosphere reserve in Thailand, contrary to the general perception that the species is resilient to land-use change. We strongly suggest further study of the green pit viper response to human disturbance, which would significantly benefit conservation and snakebite management plans for these diverse organisms.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed M. Hamed, E. Tsakali, El-Sayed M. Abdeen, Jan F. M. Van Impe, Hesham A. Ismail
Heat stress is a major challenge for dairy farmers, as it can have a significant impact on milk production. The purpose of this research was to investigate the differences in the compositions of colostrum and mature milk from various animal species (Aberdeen Angus cows (AC), Baladi cows (BC), and Baladi goats (BG)) under a desert climate in the New Valley Governorate, southwest Egypt. The physicochemical properties, protein fractionations, fatty acid composition, and vitamin A and cho-lesterol contents of AC, BC, and BG were evaluated. The studied species had higher total solids, fat, protein, ash, minerals, whey proteins, and vitamin A (IU/g) in colostrum than in mature milk. The colostrum and milk of BG had the highest vitamin A and cholesterol content in comparison with those of AC and BC. The content of κ-casein in milk decreased, while the content of αs-casein increased. Additionally, the band for αs2-CN was stronger than that for αs1-CN in milk from different species. In comparison to BC and BG milk, the αs1-CN band in BG milk was weaker. However, the bandwidth of β-CN was smaller in milk and stronger in all colostrum bands. In cow milk, the amount of β-casein was lower than that in goat milk. Colostrum from different species had higher concentrations of β-LG and α-LA than milk. The levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA), long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower in colostrum than in mature milk, while the amount of monoun-saturated fatty acids (MUFA) was higher.
热应激是奶牛场主面临的一大挑战，因为它会对牛奶产量产生重大影响。本研究的目的是调查在埃及西南部新山谷省沙漠气候条件下不同动物物种（阿伯丁安格斯奶牛（AC）、巴拉迪奶牛（BC）和巴拉迪山羊（BG））初乳和成熟乳成分的差异。对 AC、BC 和 BG 的理化特性、蛋白质组分、脂肪酸组成、维生素 A 和胆固醇含量进行了评估。所研究的物种初乳中的总固形物、脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、矿物质、乳清蛋白和维生素 A（IU/g）含量均高于成熟乳。与 AC 和 BC 相比，BG 的初乳和牛奶中维生素 A 和胆固醇含量最高。牛奶中的κ-酪蛋白含量下降，而αs-酪蛋白含量上升。此外，在不同品种的牛奶中，αs2-CN 的条带强于αs1-CN 的条带。与 BC 和 BG 牛奶相比，BG 牛奶中的αs1-CN 波段较弱。然而，牛奶中的β-CN带宽较小，在所有初乳带中都较强。牛奶中的β-酪蛋白含量低于山羊奶。不同物种的初乳中，β-LG 和 α-LA 的浓度高于牛奶。初乳中的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）、支链脂肪酸（BCFA）、长链脂肪酸（LCFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量低于成熟牛奶，而单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）含量较高。
{"title":"Evaluation of the composition of colostrum and milk from various animal species in the desert climate of Egypt","authors":"Ahmed M. Hamed, E. Tsakali, El-Sayed M. Abdeen, Jan F. M. Van Impe, Hesham A. Ismail","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23034","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress is a major challenge for dairy farmers, as it can have a significant impact on milk production. The purpose of this research was to investigate the differences in the compositions of colostrum and mature milk from various animal species (Aberdeen Angus cows (AC), Baladi cows (BC), and Baladi goats (BG)) under a desert climate in the New Valley Governorate, southwest Egypt. The physicochemical properties, protein fractionations, fatty acid composition, and vitamin A and cho-lesterol contents of AC, BC, and BG were evaluated. The studied species had higher total solids, fat, protein, ash, minerals, whey proteins, and vitamin A (IU/g) in colostrum than in mature milk. The colostrum and milk of BG had the highest vitamin A and cholesterol content in comparison with those of AC and BC. The content of κ-casein in milk decreased, while the content of αs-casein increased. Additionally, the band for αs2-CN was stronger than that for αs1-CN in milk from different species. In comparison to BC and BG milk, the αs1-CN band in BG milk was weaker. However, the bandwidth of β-CN was smaller in milk and stronger in all colostrum bands. In cow milk, the amount of β-casein was lower than that in goat milk. Colostrum from different species had higher concentrations of β-LG and α-LA than milk. The levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA), long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower in colostrum than in mature milk, while the amount of monoun-saturated fatty acids (MUFA) was higher.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to examine the effect of synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum on intestinal morphology, stress indicators and bacterial populations in broiler chickens reared at high densities. Broiler chickens (body weight 142 ± 4,71 g) were randomly divided into five treatments, and each treatment was repeated five times, namely, T0 (negative control with a normal density of 10 birds/m2), T1 (positive control with a high density of 18 birds/m2), T2, T3, and T4 with a high density of 18 birds/m2. The synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum were added to the feed from the eighth day at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ml/kg for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The results of the study showed that administering synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum to broiler chickens reared at high density significantly (p<0.05) increased growth performance and villous length in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In addition, this synbiotic also lowers the pH in the ileum and cecum, increases lactic acid bacteria and reduces coliform bacteria in the ileum and cecum, reduces the H/L and malondialdehyde (MDA) ratio and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD). Providing synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum is also able to improve the performance and stress of broiler chickens raised at high densities.
{"title":"Effect of synbiotic from nutmeg flesh extract and Lactobacillus plantarum on small intestinal morphology, stress, and bacterial population of broiler chickens under high stocking density conditions","authors":"Y. Sapsuha, Said Hasan, Amran Nur","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23036","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the effect of synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum on intestinal morphology, stress indicators and bacterial populations in broiler chickens reared at high densities. Broiler chickens (body weight 142 ± 4,71 g) were randomly divided into five treatments, and each treatment was repeated five times, namely, T0 (negative control with a normal density of 10 birds/m2), T1 (positive control with a high density of 18 birds/m2), T2, T3, and T4 with a high density of 18 birds/m2. The synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum were added to the feed from the eighth day at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ml/kg for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The results of the study showed that administering synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum to broiler chickens reared at high density significantly (p<0.05) increased growth performance and villous length in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In addition, this synbiotic also lowers the pH in the ileum and cecum, increases lactic acid bacteria and reduces coliform bacteria in the ileum and cecum, reduces the H/L and malondialdehyde (MDA) ratio and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD). Providing synbiotic nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum is also able to improve the performance and stress of broiler chickens raised at high densities.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"1030 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Mun, Eddiemar B. Lagua, K. M. Ampode, Veasna Chem, Hae-Rang Park, Young-Hwa Kim, Chul-Ju Yang
Heat stress conditions can alter the physiology of animals, and these changes can be detrimental to their performance and health. The behavior of the animals is associated with their welfare and health. Understanding animals’ behavior in response to their environment is significant for better management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioral response of pigs in terms of postural changes in different thermal conditions (thermoneutral and heat stress). A total of 26 growing pigs [(Largewhite x Landrace) x Duroc] were used for the evaluation. The effects of the thermal conditions, day-night cycles (daytime and nighttime), growing periods, and their interactions were determined using analysis of variance of a 2x2x3 Completely Randomized Design factorial. The results showed that 80% of the pigs were lying. It increased under heat stress condition and during the daytime. Lateral lying increased (p < 0.05) under heat stress condition, which was also affected by the day-night cycles and the growing period. High sternal lying (p < 0.05) was observed in the thermoneutral condition, and both groups had increasing (p < 0.05) sternal lying throughout growing periods. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in standing posture between groups. However, pigs in the thermoneutral condition had high standing at night and high standing during daytime in the heat stress condition. In conclusion, pigs behave differently based on their postural changes in different thermal conditions. Their behavior also differs between daytime and nighttime and throughout the growing period.
{"title":"Interactions of environmental conditions, day-night cycles, and growing periods on postural behavior of pigs","authors":"H. Mun, Eddiemar B. Lagua, K. M. Ampode, Veasna Chem, Hae-Rang Park, Young-Hwa Kim, Chul-Ju Yang","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23035","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress conditions can alter the physiology of animals, and these changes can be detrimental to their performance and health. The behavior of the animals is associated with their welfare and health. Understanding animals’ behavior in response to their environment is significant for better management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioral response of pigs in terms of postural changes in different thermal conditions (thermoneutral and heat stress). A total of 26 growing pigs [(Largewhite x Landrace) x Duroc] were used for the evaluation. The effects of the thermal conditions, day-night cycles (daytime and nighttime), growing periods, and their interactions were determined using analysis of variance of a 2x2x3 Completely Randomized Design factorial. The results showed that 80% of the pigs were lying. It increased under heat stress condition and during the daytime. Lateral lying increased (p < 0.05) under heat stress condition, which was also affected by the day-night cycles and the growing period. High sternal lying (p < 0.05) was observed in the thermoneutral condition, and both groups had increasing (p < 0.05) sternal lying throughout growing periods. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in standing posture between groups. However, pigs in the thermoneutral condition had high standing at night and high standing during daytime in the heat stress condition. In conclusion, pigs behave differently based on their postural changes in different thermal conditions. Their behavior also differs between daytime and nighttime and throughout the growing period.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"142 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Mota-Rojas, K. Lezama-García, A. Domínguez-Oliva, A. Olmos-Hernández, Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza, A. Casas-Alvarado, F. Torres-Bernal, J. Martínez-Burnes
This article aims to analyze the biological and communicative function of facial expressions and their relation to emotions in mammals. Facial expressions and their causes constitute an important yet largely unexplored field of scientific research. While the clinical usefulness of these expressions for recognizing pain in many species has been demonstrated, there is evidence that animals can also emit facial movements with other connotations. Reports show that facial expressions have a biological function by predicting and promoting social interaction in species that form complex social groups, but their meaning depends on the social context. For animals, the unconscious identification of facial expressions also implies an emotional value by modifying the compensatory physiological response, as occurs in species that have close relationships with humans. This corpus of evidence suggests that facial expressions have a kind of communicative function and may transmit emotions and, therefore, participate in affiliative or adverse relations as animals develop. Hence, exploring whether this nonverbal behavior may perform such a dual function is necessary.
{"title":"Neurobiology of emotions in animal relationships: Facial expressions and their biological functions in mammals","authors":"D. Mota-Rojas, K. Lezama-García, A. Domínguez-Oliva, A. Olmos-Hernández, Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza, A. Casas-Alvarado, F. Torres-Bernal, J. Martínez-Burnes","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23ss01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23ss01","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the biological and communicative function of facial expressions and their relation to emotions in mammals. Facial expressions and their causes constitute an important yet largely unexplored field of scientific research. While the clinical usefulness of these expressions for recognizing pain in many species has been demonstrated, there is evidence that animals can also emit facial movements with other connotations. Reports show that facial expressions have a biological function by predicting and promoting social interaction in species that form complex social groups, but their meaning depends on the social context. For animals, the unconscious identification of facial expressions also implies an emotional value by modifying the compensatory physiological response, as occurs in species that have close relationships with humans. This corpus of evidence suggests that facial expressions have a kind of communicative function and may transmit emotions and, therefore, participate in affiliative or adverse relations as animals develop. Hence, exploring whether this nonverbal behavior may perform such a dual function is necessary.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Saeed, R. T. Abdulghafoor, S. Al-Salmany, Faris Mahmoud Ali, A. Samsudin, Elham Khalifa Mahmood
This research was carried out to analyze the hematological, biochemical and physiological characteristics correlated with climate temperature in Awassi and crossbred sheep. Two hundred fifty adult Awassi and crossbred sheep (Arabi x Hamadani) were used. Three times weekly, ten times for each breed, vital signs, including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and skin temperature (ST), were recorded. The heat tolerance indices (HT) and the heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) were evaluated. SAS was used to conduct the analyses, which included variance and correlation analyses. Awassi had a significantly higher (P < 0.01) RR than crossbred in the summer under low stress conditions. Awassi HR was significantly lower than that of crossbred sheep, which recorded the highest value in summer. There were no significant differences in RT, HT and HTC between Awassi and crossbred sheep. MCH, MCV, and RDW increased substantially in Awassi sheep exposed to colder winter temperatures. In summer, Awassi's liver enzyme and triglyceride levels significantly decreased, while albumin levels increased. Both HT and HTC had negative correlations with RR. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Awassi breed is equally adapted to the region's hot and arid climate.
{"title":"Effect of temperature on the physiological characteristics of Awassi and crossbred sheep","authors":"O. Saeed, R. T. Abdulghafoor, S. Al-Salmany, Faris Mahmoud Ali, A. Samsudin, Elham Khalifa Mahmood","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23031","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to analyze the hematological, biochemical and physiological characteristics correlated with climate temperature in Awassi and crossbred sheep. Two hundred fifty adult Awassi and crossbred sheep (Arabi x Hamadani) were used. Three times weekly, ten times for each breed, vital signs, including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and skin temperature (ST), were recorded. The heat tolerance indices (HT) and the heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) were evaluated. SAS was used to conduct the analyses, which included variance and correlation analyses. Awassi had a significantly higher (P < 0.01) RR than crossbred in the summer under low stress conditions. Awassi HR was significantly lower than that of crossbred sheep, which recorded the highest value in summer. There were no significant differences in RT, HT and HTC between Awassi and crossbred sheep. MCH, MCV, and RDW increased substantially in Awassi sheep exposed to colder winter temperatures. In summer, Awassi's liver enzyme and triglyceride levels significantly decreased, while albumin levels increased. Both HT and HTC had negative correlations with RR. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Awassi breed is equally adapted to the region's hot and arid climate.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"295 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139256636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Makhanbetova, N. Kazhgaliyev, A. S. Shamshidin, Z. Titanov, D. K. Ibrayev, B. Ateikhan
In this paper, we aimed to study the influence of genotype and season on sperm production in beef cattle sires in Kazakhstan. Based on the results obtained over five years of using beef cattle sires, it can be considered that the spring and summer periods have a significant impact on Kazakh Whiteheaded sires; the winter and summer periods affect Aberdeen-Angus sires, and the spring period affects Hereford sires. Other seasons mainly had a positive influence on sperm production indicators, and if there were any changes, they were not significant. The highest concentration in the ejaculate was observed in Kazakh Whiteheaded sires during the winter-autumn period, amounting to 0.82 billion/ml; in Aberdeen-Angus sires during the spring-autumn period, it was 0.72-0.72 billion/ml; and in Hereford sires during the autumn period, it was 0.82 billion/ml. Autumn had a positive influence on all genotypes.
{"title":"Influence of genotype and season on the sperm production of beef cattle-producing bulls in Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Makhanbetova, N. Kazhgaliyev, A. S. Shamshidin, Z. Titanov, D. K. Ibrayev, B. Ateikhan","doi":"10.31893/jabb.23030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23030","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we aimed to study the influence of genotype and season on sperm production in beef cattle sires in Kazakhstan. Based on the results obtained over five years of using beef cattle sires, it can be considered that the spring and summer periods have a significant impact on Kazakh Whiteheaded sires; the winter and summer periods affect Aberdeen-Angus sires, and the spring period affects Hereford sires. Other seasons mainly had a positive influence on sperm production indicators, and if there were any changes, they were not significant. The highest concentration in the ejaculate was observed in Kazakh Whiteheaded sires during the winter-autumn period, amounting to 0.82 billion/ml; in Aberdeen-Angus sires during the spring-autumn period, it was 0.72-0.72 billion/ml; and in Hereford sires during the autumn period, it was 0.82 billion/ml. Autumn had a positive influence on all genotypes.","PeriodicalId":37772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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