M. Colacci, G. Spina, M. Boccamazzo, A. Sciarretta, P. Trematerra
Results regarding the combination of light-traps and coloured glue-boards for the trap and control of the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), are reported. Monitoring was performed using as basic structure PRO 80S UV fluorescent fly traps in a confinement swine farm in the south of Italy. During the trials, neon traps with a combination of glue-boards (yellow vs black and yellow vs white) and neon vs LED traps with yellow glue-boards were evaluated. Results indicated that yellow and black glue-boards were equally attractive to flies, with no significant differences. Light-traps captured significantly more flies when a white glue-board was used rather than a yellow panel. The neon lamp attracted significantly more flies than the LED lamp. According to our results, light-traps with white panels have potential to be employed in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for monitoring and controlling house flies in livestock farms and in food processing, reducing risks in dissemination of pathogens which have the potential to affect humans or animals.
{"title":"Evaluation of light-traps with coloured glue-boards for sampling and control of the house fly Musca domestica L.","authors":"M. Colacci, G. Spina, M. Boccamazzo, A. Sciarretta, P. Trematerra","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.9530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.9530","url":null,"abstract":"Results regarding the combination of light-traps and coloured glue-boards for the trap and control of the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), are reported. Monitoring was performed using as basic structure PRO 80S UV fluorescent fly traps in a confinement swine farm in the south of Italy. During the trials, neon traps with a combination of glue-boards (yellow vs black and yellow vs white) and neon vs LED traps with yellow glue-boards were evaluated. Results indicated that yellow and black glue-boards were equally attractive to flies, with no significant differences. Light-traps captured significantly more flies when a white glue-board was used rather than a yellow panel. The neon lamp attracted significantly more flies than the LED lamp. According to our results, light-traps with white panels have potential to be employed in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for monitoring and controlling house flies in livestock farms and in food processing, reducing risks in dissemination of pathogens which have the potential to affect humans or animals.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42153621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Bouabida, K. Benoufella-Kitous, S. A. Amar, F. Medjdoub-Bensaad
Beans and peas are very important legumes because of their importance in human food and their high protein contents, as well as their role in the supply of atmospheric nitrogen to the soil. However, these crops are subject to various pest outbreaks, reducing their yield. The purpose of this study is to carry out an exhaustive inventory of aphids present on bean (Faba bean and Seville variety) and pea crops (Merveille De Kelvedone and Utrillo variety) in the region of Naciria (Boumerdes), in order to evaluate the diversity and abundance of aphids present in these crops. Sampling of aphid populations has been done using two trapping techniques: Barber pitfall trap and yellow traps. The results obtained express a richness of 48 aphid species, with one Melanaphis sacchari species identified for the first time in Algeria. 28 species are inventoried in the pea crop of Utrillo variety, 27 species on the Merveille de Kelvedone variety, 21 species in the bean crop of Seville variety (Vicia faba major) and 20 species on the faba bean (Vicia faba minor).
豆类和豌豆是非常重要的豆类，因为它们在人类食物中的重要性和它们的高蛋白含量，以及它们在向土壤供应大气氮方面的作用。然而，这些作物受到各种虫害的影响，产量下降。本研究的目的是对Naciria (Boumerdes)地区豆类(蚕豆和塞维利亚品种)和豌豆作物(Merveille De Kelvedone和Utrillo品种)上存在的蚜虫进行详尽的清查，以评估这些作物中存在的蚜虫的多样性和丰度。蚜虫种群的抽样使用了两种诱捕技术:巴伯陷阱和黄色陷阱。结果表明，阿尔及利亚共发现48种蚜虫，其中糖色黑蚜1种为首次发现。其中，乌特里洛(Utrillo)豌豆品种共有28种，梅维尔(Merveille de Kelvedone)品种共有27种，塞维利亚(Seville)大豆品种共有21种，蚕豆(Vicia faba major)品种共有20种。
{"title":"Aphid diversity in two food legume crops: fava bean and pea in Naciria region, and first record of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, 1897) in Algeria","authors":"N. Bouabida, K. Benoufella-Kitous, S. A. Amar, F. Medjdoub-Bensaad","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.9503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.9503","url":null,"abstract":"Beans and peas are very important legumes because of their importance in human food and their high protein contents, as well as their role in the supply of atmospheric nitrogen to the soil. However, these crops are subject to various pest outbreaks, reducing their yield. The purpose of this study is to carry out an exhaustive inventory of aphids present on bean (Faba bean and Seville variety) and pea crops (Merveille De Kelvedone and Utrillo variety) in the region of Naciria (Boumerdes), in order to evaluate the diversity and abundance of aphids present in these crops. Sampling of aphid populations has been done using two trapping techniques: Barber pitfall trap and yellow traps. The results obtained express a richness of 48 aphid species, with one Melanaphis sacchari species identified for the first time in Algeria. 28 species are inventoried in the pea crop of Utrillo variety, 27 species on the Merveille de Kelvedone variety, 21 species in the bean crop of Seville variety (Vicia faba major) and 20 species on the faba bean (Vicia faba minor).","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43720853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellipsocoris kalashiani is recorded for the first time in Apulia (Southern Italy). The specie was described by Carapezza (2009) from Eastern Turkey and Western Armenia, but no records have ever been reported for Europe. Recently, few individuals of this species were found in Alta Murgia National Park (Apulia, Italy), a Special Protection Area (SPA) and Site of Community Importance (SCI), characterized by natural forests and dry grassland habitats, with Mediterranean-steppe vegetation. The specimens were collected in two different localities, about 40 km apart from each other, suggesting a long-standing presence in that area. This study provides the first report of the species for the Italian Heteroptera fauna and several hypotheses about its presence there. However, further investigations are needed in order to clarify some ecological aspects, such as its unknown host plant.
kalashiani Ellipsocoris首次在意大利南部的普利亚(Apulia)被记录。Carapezza(2009)在土耳其东部和亚美尼亚西部描述了该物种，但在欧洲从未有过记录。近年来，在意大利阿普利亚的Alta Murgia国家公园(Alta Murgia National Park, Apulia, Italy)发现了该物种的少量个体。该公园是一个特殊保护区(SPA)和重要的社区(SCI)，以天然森林和干草地生境为特征，具有地中海草原植被。这些标本是在两个不同的地方收集的，彼此相距约40公里，表明该地区长期存在。本研究首次报道了意大利异翅目昆虫区系的种类，并提出了其存在的几种假设。然而，还需要进一步的研究以澄清其生态方面的问题，如未知的寄主植物。
{"title":"New record of Ellipsocoris kalashiani Carapezza 2009 in Europe, found in Apulia, Italy (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)","authors":"I. Laterza, P. Dioli","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.9529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.9529","url":null,"abstract":"Ellipsocoris kalashiani is recorded for the first time in Apulia (Southern Italy). The specie was described by Carapezza (2009) from Eastern Turkey and Western Armenia, but no records have ever been reported for Europe. Recently, few individuals of this species were found in Alta Murgia National Park (Apulia, Italy), a Special Protection Area (SPA) and Site of Community Importance (SCI), characterized by natural forests and dry grassland habitats, with Mediterranean-steppe vegetation. The specimens were collected in two different localities, about 40 km apart from each other, suggesting a long-standing presence in that area. This study provides the first report of the species for the Italian Heteroptera fauna and several hypotheses about its presence there. However, further investigations are needed in order to clarify some ecological aspects, such as its unknown host plant.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The survey has been realized in the lowland relict forest Bosco delle Sorti della Partecipanza, a site situated in Trino (Piedmont, North-Western Italy), to assess the ecological conservation level of forest habitats using the Syrph the Net methodology. 67 species were recorded, using three Malaise traps, seven Emergence traps and several Net transect in the year 2020. Among these species, 6 are reported for the first time in Piedmont region, 19 are considered decreasing at European level and 2 are threatened in Europe. Forest habitats under scrutiny in the study area are oak-hornbeam mesophilic woodland and alluvial alder lowland. The data analysis allowed to compare observed with expected syrphids for each habitat. At the ecosystem level, the ecological integrity of the forest is moderately negative but the alluvial alder forest macrohabitat can be considered good and overall saproxylic and saprophagous species are particularly well-preserved. The presence of a high number of rare or decreasing species makes Trino wood an important source of biodiversity in Po Plain.
该调查是在位于特里诺(意大利西北部皮埃蒙特)的低地废弃森林Bosco delle Sorti della Partecipanza进行的，目的是使用syph The Net方法评估森林栖息地的生态保护水平。2020年共采用3个诱虫器、7个诱虫器和若干Net样带，记录了67种昆虫。其中6种在皮埃蒙特地区首次发现，19种被认为在欧洲水平上正在减少，2种在欧洲受到威胁。研究区内的森林生境为中温栎-角梁林地和冲积桤木低地。数据分析允许比较每个栖息地的观察到的和预期的蚜虫。在生态系统水平上，森林的生态完整性为中度负，但冲积桤木林的大生境可以认为是良好的，整体腐生和腐生物种保存特别完好。大量稀有或减少物种的存在使特诺木成为波河平原生物多样性的重要来源。
{"title":"Ecological assessment of the lowland relit forest “Bosco delle Sorti della Partecipanza” in Trino (North-Western Italy), applying Diptera Syrphidae as bioindicators","authors":"U. Maritano","doi":"10.4081/jear.2021.9617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9617","url":null,"abstract":"The survey has been realized in the lowland relict forest Bosco delle Sorti della Partecipanza, a site situated in Trino (Piedmont, North-Western Italy), to assess the ecological conservation level of forest habitats using the Syrph the Net methodology. 67 species were recorded, using three Malaise traps, seven Emergence traps and several Net transect in the year 2020. Among these species, 6 are reported for the first time in Piedmont region, 19 are considered decreasing at European level and 2 are threatened in Europe. Forest habitats under scrutiny in the study area are oak-hornbeam mesophilic woodland and alluvial alder lowland. The data analysis allowed to compare observed with expected syrphids for each habitat. At the ecosystem level, the ecological integrity of the forest is moderately negative but the alluvial alder forest macrohabitat can be considered good and overall saproxylic and saprophagous species are particularly well-preserved. The presence of a high number of rare or decreasing species makes Trino wood an important source of biodiversity in Po Plain.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70241218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we investigated for the first time on the composition of nocturnal Lepidoptera of the Gioia Tauro Plain, Calabria region (South Italy). The main goal was to acquire information on the biodiversity of this insect order in an area little investigated and subject to strong anthropic pressures. The study was carried out for one year in 4 sites characterized by different habitats. Sampling was carried out about twice a month through the use of UV-LED light traps. In total, 791 specimens belonging to 97 species were collected. The species richness of the study area was rather low compared to a more natural habitat sampled near to the study area in previous years. However, we found species very interesting from a faunistic point of view. In detail, Morophaga morella (Duponchel, 1838) is a new record for the continental Italy. 15 species are new for the fauna of the Calabria region: Ornativalva tamaricella (Zeller, 1850), Cnephasia (Cnephasia) genitalana Pierce & Metcalfe, 1915, Euzophera lunulella (O. Costa, 1836), Hellula undalis (Fabricius, 1794), Raphimetopus ablutella (Zeller, 1839) Achyra nudalis (Hübner, 1796), Dioryctria mendacella (Staudinger, 1859), Ematheudes punctella (Treitschke, 1833), Endotricha flammealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Oxybia transversella (Duponchel, 1836), Lamoria anella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Anania crocealis (Hübner, 1796), Evergestis isatidalis (Duponchel, 1833), Udea ferrugalis (Hübner, 1796), and Uresiphita gilvata (Fabricius, 1794).
{"title":"First comprehensive contribution to the knowledge of the lepidopteran fauna of Gioia Tauro Plain, South Italy (Lepidoptera)","authors":"D. Bonelli, S. Scalercio, T. Bonacci","doi":"10.4081/jear.2021.9632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9632","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigated for the first time on the composition of nocturnal Lepidoptera of the Gioia Tauro Plain, Calabria region (South Italy). The main goal was to acquire information on the biodiversity of this insect order in an area little investigated and subject to strong anthropic pressures. The study was carried out for one year in 4 sites characterized by different habitats. Sampling was carried out about twice a month through the use of UV-LED light traps. In total, 791 specimens belonging to 97 species were collected. The species richness of the study area was rather low compared to a more natural habitat sampled near to the study area in previous years. However, we found species very interesting from a faunistic point of view. In detail, Morophaga morella (Duponchel, 1838) is a new record for the continental Italy. 15 species are new for the fauna of the Calabria region: Ornativalva tamaricella (Zeller, 1850), Cnephasia (Cnephasia) genitalana Pierce & Metcalfe, 1915, Euzophera lunulella (O. Costa, 1836), Hellula undalis (Fabricius, 1794), Raphimetopus ablutella (Zeller, 1839) Achyra nudalis (Hübner, 1796), Dioryctria mendacella (Staudinger, 1859), Ematheudes punctella (Treitschke, 1833), Endotricha flammealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Oxybia transversella (Duponchel, 1836), Lamoria anella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Anania crocealis (Hübner, 1796), Evergestis isatidalis (Duponchel, 1833), Udea ferrugalis (Hübner, 1796), and Uresiphita gilvata (Fabricius, 1794).","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70241232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the paper are reported 37 species to add at the “Catalogue of Lepidoptera Tortricidae of the Italian fauna” published on 2003. After this paper the list of tortricids found in Italy passed from 633 to 670 species.
{"title":"Update to the “Catalogue of Lepidoptera Tortricidae of the Italian Fauna” (2003-2020)","authors":"P. Trematerra","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.9304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.9304","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper are reported 37 species to add at the “Catalogue of Lepidoptera Tortricidae of the Italian fauna” published on 2003. After this paper the list of tortricids found in Italy passed from 633 to 670 species.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42847941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Toma, F. Severini, R. Romi, M. Goffredo, A. Torina, M. D. Luca
The present study reports the results of the first survey of mosquito species in four of the minor Sicilian Islands, namely Lampedusa, Linosa, Pantelleria and Ustica. These surveys were carried out during field activities aimed at recording the occurrence of Aedes albopictus, now reported in all these territories. Adult mosquitoes were collected by traps or by handheld electric aspirators. Larval collections were performed using dippers and droppers. Samples were morphologically identified and molecular investigations were carried out when needed. A total of 6 species were found, namely Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, Culex (Culex) pipiens, Culex (Culex) laticinctus, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) mariae, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) zammitii, and Culiseta (Allotheobaldia) longiareolata, the first 2 of which are already a known health concern. This checklist of mosquito species shows the widespread occurrence of Culex laticinctus whose distribution in Italy has still not been thoroughly investigated, whose ecology is poorly known and whose competence as a vector of pathogens is unknown. In Pantelleria, we found larvae of an Aedes species worthy of further investigation.
{"title":"Checklist of the mosquito species from four Sicilian Islands: Lampedusa, Linosa, Ustica and Pantelleria","authors":"L. Toma, F. Severini, R. Romi, M. Goffredo, A. Torina, M. D. Luca","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.8968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.8968","url":null,"abstract":"The present study reports the results of the first survey of mosquito species in four of the minor Sicilian Islands, namely Lampedusa, Linosa, Pantelleria and Ustica. These surveys were carried out during field activities aimed at recording the occurrence of Aedes albopictus, now reported in all these territories. Adult mosquitoes were collected by traps or by handheld electric aspirators. Larval collections were performed using dippers and droppers. Samples were morphologically identified and molecular investigations were carried out when needed. A total of 6 species were found, namely Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, Culex (Culex) pipiens, Culex (Culex) laticinctus, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) mariae, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) zammitii, and Culiseta (Allotheobaldia) longiareolata, the first 2 of which are already a known health concern. This checklist of mosquito species shows the widespread occurrence of Culex laticinctus whose distribution in Italy has still not been thoroughly investigated, whose ecology is poorly known and whose competence as a vector of pathogens is unknown. In Pantelleria, we found larvae of an Aedes species worthy of further investigation.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44407789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the effect of a highly purified N2 (98.5%) controlled atmosphere-generated in situ by a membrane nitrogen separator on mixed age eggs of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum was evaluated. Trials were carried out in an airtight stainless silo filled with wheat, in which a nitrogen atmosphere was maintained for durations lasting from one to several days. The mean temperature recorded during the treatment varied from 22 to 24 °C. After the treatment, the eggs were transferred to a jar with rearing medium and kept at 27±1°C and 70±5% R.H. The jars were checked every two days to record adult emergence. Eighty percent mortality was observed in T. confusum and S. oryzae with two and four days of treatment, respectively. One hundred percent mortality was obtained after five days of treatment in the case of T. confusum and six days for S. oryzae. Introduction Controlled atmospheres are increasingly considered an alternative to insecticides in the control of stored grain pests (Carvalho et al., 2012, 2019; Navarro et al., 2012; Aulicky et al., 2017; Njoroge et al., 2019; Vassilakos et al., 2019). Nitrogenand carbon-dioxide-controlled atmospheres require air-tight storage systems in order to prevent gas leakage and guarantee the constant concentrations to achieve an effective result. Nitrogen is more volatile and more air-tight demanding than carbon dioxide, and it is mainly employed in packaging (Riudavets et al., 2009) because it prevents the development of pests while the strong packaging prevents pest entrance. It was also demonstrated that the use of a N2 controlled atmosphere (CA) can prevent mold (Moncini et al., 2020a) and preserve the nutritional value of stored wheat (Moncini et al., 2020b). Premises that are not perfectly air-tight hardly keep oxygen concentration below 1% and increase the time required to kill pests. One hundred percent mortality was reached with 2% oxygen after 20 days (Navarro et al., 2012), and after ten days with oxygen at concentrations of 1% or less (Aulicky et al., 2017). Temperature influences the length of the treatment: high temperatures shorten the required CA treatment (Donahaye et al., 1996). In this study, the effect of a purified N2 atmosphere (98.5±0.5%) generated in situ by a membrane nitrogen separator in airtight silos was tested on mixed age eggs of two of the most widespread pests of cereal grains, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum. Materials and Methods Mass rearing and egg collection Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum were reared in the Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) in a climatic chamber (27±1°C, 70±5% UR). Wheat seeds were used as rearing media for S. oryzae, while a mixture of wheat flour (70%), bran (20%), and wheat germ (10%) was used for T. confusum. A total of 300 g of rearing medium and 200 adults were placed in glass jars (height, 19 cm; Ø, 10 cm; volume, 1.5 L) and the lid with a hole was closed with wired net (18 mesh). Adult
{"title":"Semifield study on the effect of membrane-based nitrogen production for the control of the eggs of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium confusum J. du V.","authors":"D. Locatelli, P. Girgenti, L. Moncini, L. Limonta","doi":"10.4081/JEAR.2020.9278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JEAR.2020.9278","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effect of a highly purified N2 (98.5%) controlled atmosphere-generated in situ by a membrane nitrogen separator on mixed age eggs of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum was evaluated. Trials were carried out in an airtight stainless silo filled with wheat, in which a nitrogen atmosphere was maintained for durations lasting from one to several days. The mean temperature recorded during the treatment varied from 22 to 24 °C. After the treatment, the eggs were transferred to a jar with rearing medium and kept at 27±1°C and 70±5% R.H. The jars were checked every two days to record adult emergence. Eighty percent mortality was observed in T. confusum and S. oryzae with two and four days of treatment, respectively. One hundred percent mortality was obtained after five days of treatment in the case of T. confusum and six days for S. oryzae. Introduction Controlled atmospheres are increasingly considered an alternative to insecticides in the control of stored grain pests (Carvalho et al., 2012, 2019; Navarro et al., 2012; Aulicky et al., 2017; Njoroge et al., 2019; Vassilakos et al., 2019). Nitrogenand carbon-dioxide-controlled atmospheres require air-tight storage systems in order to prevent gas leakage and guarantee the constant concentrations to achieve an effective result. Nitrogen is more volatile and more air-tight demanding than carbon dioxide, and it is mainly employed in packaging (Riudavets et al., 2009) because it prevents the development of pests while the strong packaging prevents pest entrance. It was also demonstrated that the use of a N2 controlled atmosphere (CA) can prevent mold (Moncini et al., 2020a) and preserve the nutritional value of stored wheat (Moncini et al., 2020b). Premises that are not perfectly air-tight hardly keep oxygen concentration below 1% and increase the time required to kill pests. One hundred percent mortality was reached with 2% oxygen after 20 days (Navarro et al., 2012), and after ten days with oxygen at concentrations of 1% or less (Aulicky et al., 2017). Temperature influences the length of the treatment: high temperatures shorten the required CA treatment (Donahaye et al., 1996). In this study, the effect of a purified N2 atmosphere (98.5±0.5%) generated in situ by a membrane nitrogen separator in airtight silos was tested on mixed age eggs of two of the most widespread pests of cereal grains, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum. Materials and Methods Mass rearing and egg collection Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum were reared in the Department of Food, Environmental, and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) in a climatic chamber (27±1°C, 70±5% UR). Wheat seeds were used as rearing media for S. oryzae, while a mixture of wheat flour (70%), bran (20%), and wheat germ (10%) was used for T. confusum. A total of 300 g of rearing medium and 200 adults were placed in glass jars (height, 19 cm; Ø, 10 cm; volume, 1.5 L) and the lid with a hole was closed with wired net (18 mesh). Adult","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47205718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New records of Tetrastichinae from Italy are given. The Italian species of Aprostocetus (Ootetrastichus) are revised, a new species is described, and a key to their identification is given.
{"title":"New records on some Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Italy, with description of a new species of Aprostocetus","authors":"G. Viggiani","doi":"10.4081/jear.2020.8948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2020.8948","url":null,"abstract":"New records of Tetrastichinae from Italy are given. The Italian species of Aprostocetus (Ootetrastichus) are revised, a new species is described, and a key to their identification is given.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/jear.2020.8948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47879113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Chirinos, MT Romo Castro, J. Castro, I. Pérez-Almeida, T. Kondo
The guava cottony scale, Capulinia linarosae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) is an important pest of guava, Psidium guajava, in Venezuela and northern Colombia. Metaphycus marensis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a new primary parasitoid species recently described associated with this pest. Studies were conducted on oogenesis, life cycle, survival, daily fecundity and life table parameters of Metaphycus marensis Chirinos & Kondo (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), generation time (T) and net reproductive rate (Ro). Females of M. marensis are synovigenic and this parasitoid goes through four larval instars and completes its life cycle in about 12.7 days. Survival was of type I, where mortality was initially detected by encapsulation of eggs and larvae. Metaphycus marensis was able to multiply its population 28.7 times (Ro) with rm of 0.242 in 13.9 days (T). The short generation time of the parasitoid in relation to its eriococcid host could represent a desirable attribute as a natural enemy. However, the low fecundity and the encapsulation by the host must be analyzed through field experiments in order to evaluate its effectiveness as a biological control agent for C. linarosae.
{"title":"Biology and life table parameters of Metaphycus marensis Chirinos and Kondo, 2019, an encyrtid parasitoid of guava cottony scale in Venezuela","authors":"D. Chirinos, MT Romo Castro, J. Castro, I. Pérez-Almeida, T. Kondo","doi":"10.4081/jear.2020.8810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2020.8810","url":null,"abstract":"The guava cottony scale, Capulinia linarosae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) is an important pest of guava, Psidium guajava, in Venezuela and northern Colombia. Metaphycus marensis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a new primary parasitoid species recently described associated with this pest. Studies were conducted on oogenesis, life cycle, survival, daily fecundity and life table parameters of Metaphycus marensis Chirinos & Kondo (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), generation time (T) and net reproductive rate (Ro). Females of M. marensis are synovigenic and this parasitoid goes through four larval instars and completes its life cycle in about 12.7 days. Survival was of type I, where mortality was initially detected by encapsulation of eggs and larvae. Metaphycus marensis was able to multiply its population 28.7 times (Ro) with rm of 0.242 in 13.9 days (T). The short generation time of the parasitoid in relation to its eriococcid host could represent a desirable attribute as a natural enemy. However, the low fecundity and the encapsulation by the host must be analyzed through field experiments in order to evaluate its effectiveness as a biological control agent for C. linarosae.","PeriodicalId":37777,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/jear.2020.8810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46642200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：