Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.12
Rabia Farooqi, Anum Atiq, Farzana Ashraf
The current study was designed to examine the role of nightmares in psychosis proneness in relation to lucid dreaming. In this correlational study, the sample comprised of 220 young Pakistani adults from both genders (124 women and 96 men) age range from 18 to 26 years (M = 21.14, SD = 1.87). The participants were assessed on nightmares, psychosis proneness, and lucid dreaming through the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire, Inventory of Personality Organization, and The Lucidity and Consciousness in Dreams Scale respectively. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated significant inter-correlation between dream lucidity, nightmare, and psychosis proneness. Path analysis illustrated dream lucidity as a significant mediator in the link between nightmare and psychosis proneness. The results concluded that dream lucidity plays the role of facilitating factor in the development of psychosis proneness. The findings also provide insight into the role of nightmares and lucid dreaming while examining psychosis proneness.
{"title":"Nightmare and Psychosis Proneness: Mediating Role of Lucid Dreaming in Pakistani Adults","authors":"Rabia Farooqi, Anum Atiq, Farzana Ashraf","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was designed to examine the role of nightmares in psychosis proneness in relation to lucid dreaming. In this correlational study, the sample comprised of 220 young Pakistani adults from both genders (124 women and 96 men) age range from 18 to 26 years (M = 21.14, SD = 1.87). The participants were assessed on nightmares, psychosis proneness, and lucid dreaming through the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire, Inventory of Personality Organization, and The Lucidity and Consciousness in Dreams Scale respectively. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated significant inter-correlation between dream lucidity, nightmare, and psychosis proneness. Path analysis illustrated dream lucidity as a significant mediator in the link between nightmare and psychosis proneness. The results concluded that dream lucidity plays the role of facilitating factor in the development of psychosis proneness. The findings also provide insight into the role of nightmares and lucid dreaming while examining psychosis proneness.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41453639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.17
Usmana Altaf, Mishal Fatima
Personality traits of young adults play an important role in their stress tolerance, which may encounter their daily functioning. The present study investigated the relationship between personality traits, stress, dissociation, and sleep-related experiences. It was intended to find out the mediating role of stress between neuroticism personality trait and sleep-related experiences and the predicting role of dissociation on sleep-related experiences. A purposive and convenient sampling technique was used to collect as sample of 657 young adults including 312 male and 345 female within the age range of18-26. The Big Five Inventory (John et al.,1991), Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al., 1983), The Dissociative Experiences Scale–II (Carlson & Putnam, 1993), and Iowa Sleep Experiences Survey (Watson, 2001) were used to measure the study variables. Inter-Scale correlation showed significantly positive relationship between neuroticism stress whereas, significantly negative relationship between extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness personality traits. Regression analysis for mediation indicated that stress mediates the relationship between neuroticism personality trait and dissociation. While linear regression showed that dissociation significantly predicts sleep-related experiences among young adults. Thus, the present study helped in extending the research on the dimension of dissociation and sleep-related experiences among young adults.
年轻人的人格特征在他们的压力承受能力中起着重要作用，这可能会影响他们的日常功能。本研究调查了人格特质、压力、分离和睡眠相关经历之间的关系。本研究旨在探讨应激在神经质人格特质与睡眠相关体验之间的中介作用，以及分离对睡眠相关体验的预测作用。采用目的明确、方便快捷的抽样方法，对18-26岁的青壮年657人进行抽样调查，其中男性312人，女性345人。采用大五量表(John et al.，1991)、感知压力量表(Cohen et al.， 1983)、分离体验量表- ii (Carlson & Putnam, 1993)和爱荷华州睡眠体验调查(Watson, 2001)来测量研究变量。量表间相关分析显示，神经质压力与外向性、宜人性、尽责性、开放性呈显著负相关。回归分析表明，压力在神经质人格特质与分离之间起中介作用。而线性回归显示，分离显著地预测了年轻人的睡眠相关经历。因此，本研究有助于拓展青年睡眠相关经验与分离维度的研究。
{"title":"Dissociation and Sleep-Related Experiences among Young Adults: Predicting Role of Personality Traits and Stress","authors":"Usmana Altaf, Mishal Fatima","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Personality traits of young adults play an important role in their stress tolerance, which may encounter their daily functioning. The present study investigated the relationship between personality traits, stress, dissociation, and sleep-related experiences. It was intended to find out the mediating role of stress between neuroticism personality trait and sleep-related experiences and the predicting role of dissociation on sleep-related experiences. A purposive and convenient sampling technique was used to collect as sample of 657 young adults including 312 male and 345 female within the age range of18-26. The Big Five Inventory (John et al.,1991), Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al., 1983), The Dissociative Experiences Scale–II (Carlson & Putnam, 1993), and Iowa Sleep Experiences Survey (Watson, 2001) were used to measure the study variables. Inter-Scale correlation showed significantly positive relationship between neuroticism stress whereas, significantly negative relationship between extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness personality traits. Regression analysis for mediation indicated that stress mediates the relationship between neuroticism personality trait and dissociation. While linear regression showed that dissociation significantly predicts sleep-related experiences among young adults. Thus, the present study helped in extending the research on the dimension of dissociation and sleep-related experiences among young adults.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41870708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.10
Hazalizah Hamzah, Nabilah S. Nordin
The present study mainly investigated the mediating role of job-related affective well-being between perceived supervisor support and work engagement among university academic staff. The job-related affective well-being were scored into two subscales, positive emotion and negative emotion. Selected using the simple random technique, a total of 110 academic staff of a public university, mean aged 42.63 years (SD = 8.51) completed a set of survey instrument which consisted of Survey of Perceived Supervisor Support Scale (Shanock & Eisenberger, 2006), Job-related Affective Well-Being Scale (Van Katwyk et al., 2000) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003). Results showed that perceived supervisor support and both subscales of job-related affective well-being correlated significantly with work engagement. Findings indicated that both positive emotion and negative emotion of job-related affective well-being partially mediated the relationship between perceived supervisor support and work engagement. Hence, perceived supervisor support influenced the emotional states and in turn influenced work engagement. The findings of this study provide implications for a healthy relationship between supervisor and employee to elicit positive emotion and weaken negative emotion which in turn enhances work engagement for organization’s sustainability.
本研究主要调查了大学教职员工工作相关情感幸福感在导师支持感和工作投入感之间的中介作用。工作相关情感幸福感分为积极情绪和消极情绪两个分量表。采用简单随机技术，选取110名平均年龄42.63岁（SD=8.51）的公立大学教职员工，完成了一套由感知导师支持量表（Shanock&Eisenberger，2006）、工作相关情感幸福感量表（Van Katwyk et al.，2000）和乌得勒支工作参与量表（Schaufeli&Bakker，2003）组成的调查工具。结果显示，主管支持感和工作相关情感幸福感的两个分量表与工作投入显著相关。研究结果表明，与工作相关的情感幸福感的积极情绪和消极情绪在一定程度上介导了感知到的主管支持与工作投入之间的关系。因此，感知到的主管支持影响了情绪状态，进而影响了工作投入。这项研究的结果为主管和员工之间的健康关系提供了启示，以引发积极情绪并削弱消极情绪，从而提高组织可持续性的工作参与度。
{"title":"Perceived Supervisor Support and Work Engagement: Mediating Role of Job-Related Affective Well-Being","authors":"Hazalizah Hamzah, Nabilah S. Nordin","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The present study mainly investigated the mediating role of job-related affective well-being between perceived supervisor support and work engagement among university academic staff. The job-related affective well-being were scored into two subscales, positive emotion and negative emotion. Selected using the simple random technique, a total of 110 academic staff of a public university, mean aged 42.63 years (SD = 8.51) completed a set of survey instrument which consisted of Survey of Perceived Supervisor Support Scale (Shanock & Eisenberger, 2006), Job-related Affective Well-Being Scale (Van Katwyk et al., 2000) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003). Results showed that perceived supervisor support and both subscales of job-related affective well-being correlated significantly with work engagement. Findings indicated that both positive emotion and negative emotion of job-related affective well-being partially mediated the relationship between perceived supervisor support and work engagement. Hence, perceived supervisor support influenced the emotional states and in turn influenced work engagement. The findings of this study provide implications for a healthy relationship between supervisor and employee to elicit positive emotion and weaken negative emotion which in turn enhances work engagement for organization’s sustainability.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41558491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.11
Sabila Naseer, F. Malik
The present study aimed to develop a culturally relevant and indigenous scale to assess the jealousy among polygamous women In study one, 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews with the age range of 18-60 years women (Polygamous, monogamous, experts) were conducted, and 65 items of the scale were empirically validated through content validation and Exploratory Factor Analysis on polygamous women (N = 200). The findings indicated that the Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women has five factors having internally consistent (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and possessive jealousy). Further, independent t-test was applied to seek the differences between first and second wives on jealousy and its subscales. Means scores revealed a significant differences between first and second wives as the first wives showed more emotional, cognitive, sexual, and overall jealousy, while lower possessive jealousy than the second wives. Study II was a conducted to determine the convergent validity with psychological distress while discriminant validity with psychological well-being of newly developed Jealousy scale for polygamous women. Both were subscales of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI, Veit, & Ware, 1983). The findings revealed the positive relationship between jealousy and its sub-scales with psychological-distress while the negative relationship with psychological well-being among polygamous women. Results indicate Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women is a valid, reliable, and promising tool in the indigenous setting.
{"title":"Development and Validation of an Indigenous Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women","authors":"Sabila Naseer, F. Malik","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to develop a culturally relevant and indigenous scale to assess the jealousy among polygamous women In study one, 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews with the age range of 18-60 years women (Polygamous, monogamous, experts) were conducted, and 65 items of the scale were empirically validated through content validation and Exploratory Factor Analysis on polygamous women (N = 200). The findings indicated that the Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women has five factors having internally consistent (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and possessive jealousy). Further, independent t-test was applied to seek the differences between first and second wives on jealousy and its subscales. Means scores revealed a significant differences between first and second wives as the first wives showed more emotional, cognitive, sexual, and overall jealousy, while lower possessive jealousy than the second wives. Study II was a conducted to determine the convergent validity with psychological distress while discriminant validity with psychological well-being of newly developed Jealousy scale for polygamous women. Both were subscales of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI, Veit, & Ware, 1983). The findings revealed the positive relationship between jealousy and its sub-scales with psychological-distress while the negative relationship with psychological well-being among polygamous women. Results indicate Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women is a valid, reliable, and promising tool in the indigenous setting.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.14
Saima Parwez, Zainab, Sabeen Rahim
Corona virus a high transmittable diseases which is became a global health threat, has drastic negative psychological impact on human mental health. Aim of the study was to investigate hopelessness, emotional distress, and psychological distress in school teachers during corona virus pandemic. A sample of hundred was taken from different private and government schools of Peshawar which is equally divided to male (n = 50), and female (n = 50). Beck hopelessness scale, perceived emotional distress inventory, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were administered to analyze the result. Result of the study shows positive correlation between emotional distress, and psychological distress, negative correlation between hopelessness and emotional distress, and hopelessness and psychological distress. Result also revealed significant difference between male and female scores and shows that male scored higher on Beck Hopelessness Scale, female scored higher on Perceived Emotional Distress Inventory and on Kessler Psychological Distress Sale.
{"title":"Emotional Distress, Psychological Distress, and Hopelessness in School Teachers During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Saima Parwez, Zainab, Sabeen Rahim","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Corona virus a high transmittable diseases which is became a global health threat, has drastic negative psychological impact on human mental health. Aim of the study was to investigate hopelessness, emotional distress, and psychological distress in school teachers during corona virus pandemic. A sample of hundred was taken from different private and government schools of Peshawar which is equally divided to male (n = 50), and female (n = 50). Beck hopelessness scale, perceived emotional distress inventory, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were administered to analyze the result. Result of the study shows positive correlation between emotional distress, and psychological distress, negative correlation between hopelessness and emotional distress, and hopelessness and psychological distress. Result also revealed significant difference between male and female scores and shows that male scored higher on Beck Hopelessness Scale, female scored higher on Perceived Emotional Distress Inventory and on Kessler Psychological Distress Sale.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47550973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.13
Mehvish Riaz, Muhammad Rizwan Riaz
The technical and non-technical presentations made in English by the undergraduate engineering students at the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore include lab and survey report presentations, project presentations, mid-term or final term presentations in English. The goal of the study was to figure out the engineering students’ reasons behind feeling anxious while giving presentations in English at UET Lahore. For this purpose, 518 undergraduate engineering students from UET, Lahore filled a questionnaire and responded to an open-ended question to determine the causes of anxiety. The data was coded and categorized using in vivo coding system. Findings indicate that the participants mainly experience anxiety due to poor proficiency in English, fear of judgment by the audience, lack of confidence, lack of exposure to speaking English and making presentations in English at school or college level, poor preparation or practice, and insufficient linguistic input. The study has implications for specific lingual assessments, English as a foreign language, and psycholinguistics.
{"title":"Causes of Anxiety Among Engineering Students While Making Oral Presentations \u0000in English","authors":"Mehvish Riaz, Muhammad Rizwan Riaz","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The technical and non-technical presentations made in English by the undergraduate engineering students at the University of Engineering and Technology (UET) Lahore include lab and survey report presentations, project presentations, mid-term or final term presentations in English. The goal of the study was to figure out the engineering students’ reasons behind feeling anxious while giving presentations in English at UET Lahore. For this purpose, 518 undergraduate engineering students from UET, Lahore filled a questionnaire and responded to an open-ended question to determine the causes of anxiety. The data was coded and categorized using in vivo coding system. Findings indicate that the participants mainly experience anxiety due to poor proficiency in English, fear of judgment by the audience, lack of confidence, lack of exposure to speaking English and making presentations in English at school or college level, poor preparation or practice, and insufficient linguistic input. The study has implications for specific lingual assessments, English as a foreign language, and psycholinguistics.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44122564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.16
Sadiq Hussain, Anny Saeed
This study was conducted to assess perceived social support as predictor of peripartum mental illness in Gilgit region of Pakistan. Peripartum mental illness was defined as antenatal and postnatal depression and anxiety while significant other’s support, family’s support, and friends’ support constituted the concept of perceived social support. Research data were collected from 250 women of ages between 20 and 48 years (M = 28.02 & SD = 5.57) grouped into five categories: first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, four weeks postpartum, and one year postpartum. Participants’ perceived social support, depression, and anxiety were assessed using Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (Akhtar, et al., 2010), Patient Health Questionnaire (Ahmad, et al., 2018), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (Ahmad, et al., 2018). Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated that there were insignificant differences in all levels of depression and anxiety across five categories. Depression and anxiety were significantly and negatively correlated with significant other’s and family’s support. Women’s occupation was significantly associated with both depression and anxiety; age was significantly correlated only with depression; while living area and monthly income were significantly associated with anxiety. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that after controlling the effect of demographic variables only family’s support out of the three main variables of social support made significant and independent contribution to women’s depression and anxiety.
{"title":"Perceived Social Support as Predictor of Peripartum Mental Illness in Gilgit, Pakistan","authors":"Sadiq Hussain, Anny Saeed","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assess perceived social support as predictor of peripartum mental illness in Gilgit region of Pakistan. Peripartum mental illness was defined as antenatal and postnatal depression and anxiety while significant other’s support, family’s support, and friends’ support constituted the concept of perceived social support. Research data were collected from 250 women of ages between 20 and 48 years (M = 28.02 & SD = 5.57) grouped into five categories: first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, four weeks postpartum, and one year postpartum. Participants’ perceived social support, depression, and anxiety were assessed using Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (Akhtar, et al., 2010), Patient Health Questionnaire (Ahmad, et al., 2018), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (Ahmad, et al., 2018). Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated that there were insignificant differences in all levels of depression and anxiety across five categories. Depression and anxiety were significantly and negatively correlated with significant other’s and family’s support. Women’s occupation was significantly associated with both depression and anxiety; age was significantly correlated only with depression; while living area and monthly income were significantly associated with anxiety. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that after controlling the effect of demographic variables only family’s support out of the three main variables of social support made significant and independent contribution to women’s depression and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46202443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.15
Alishba Hania, Sara Subhan, S. Saleem, Z. Mahmood
Family plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of the individual and disharmony brings significant distress among family members. To deal with this distress, the family member may seek sources of support to assist in the copying process. An adaptive attitude that leads to this behaviour may result in the adoption of certain roles. In the current study, a standardized assessment measure, that is, The Familial Role Identification Scale for Adolescents (FRIS) was developed to identify these roles. In the development phases of the study (Phase I and Phase II), 40 items were formulated through interviews using open-ended questions and tested for narrative ambiguities. In the main study, FRIS was administered to 390 participants (Boys = 191; Girls = 199) with the age range of 10 to 18 years (M = 14.70; SD = 1.20). Concurrent Validity was examined by using the Role Identification Scale for Children (Samuel et al., 2014). Exploratory Factor Analysis with Varimax Rotation was used to analyze the items and form a factorial structure, that yielded 3 factors indicating different roles adopted by adolescents as Hero, Withdrawal and Mascot with acceptable psychometric properties. Cultural context implications of the results were discussed.
{"title":"Development of Familial Role Identification Scale for Adolescents with Perceived Parental Disharmony","authors":"Alishba Hania, Sara Subhan, S. Saleem, Z. Mahmood","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Family plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of the individual and disharmony brings significant distress among family members. To deal with this distress, the family member may seek sources of support to assist in the copying process. An adaptive attitude that leads to this behaviour may result in the adoption of certain roles. In the current study, a standardized assessment measure, that is, The Familial Role Identification Scale for Adolescents (FRIS) was developed to identify these roles. In the development phases of the study (Phase I and Phase II), 40 items were formulated through interviews using open-ended questions and tested for narrative ambiguities. In the main study, FRIS was administered to 390 participants (Boys = 191; Girls = 199) with the age range of 10 to 18 years (M = 14.70; SD = 1.20). Concurrent Validity was examined by using the Role Identification Scale for Children (Samuel et al., 2014). Exploratory Factor Analysis with Varimax Rotation was used to analyze the items and form a factorial structure, that yielded 3 factors indicating different roles adopted by adolescents as Hero, Withdrawal and Mascot with acceptable psychometric properties. Cultural context implications of the results were discussed.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42150431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.18
Najhan A. Zulkifli, Uzair I. Z. M. Zain, Azwanis A. Hadi, Mohd N. Ismail, Karimah H. A. Aziz
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between listening to Quran and nature sounds on preoperative anxiety and physiological parameters. Using systematic random sampling, a randomized controlled trial study was conducted among 81 patients, which comprised of male and female patients allocated into three equal groups, that is, Quran recitation group, nature sounds group, and a control group. Preoperative state anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Embong, 2018), and physiological parameters were recorded before and after the intervention. After the intervention, the analysis within-subjects showed significant improvement in heart rate, respiratory rate, and state anxiety. However, post-hoc test showed that reduction in the mean state anxiety scores in all groups was the only significant factor. Paired analysis showed that only mean state anxiety level of nature sounds group has a significant reduction in comparison to control group; whereas there was nonsignificant difference in state anxiety of other paired groups when compared between both intervened groups and between Quran group and control group. The result concluded that listening to either the Quran or nature sounds were effective in reducing preoperative anxiety, however head-to-head comparison found no significant difference.
{"title":"Effects of Listening to Quran Recitation and Nature Sounds on Preoperative Anxiety Among Patients Undergoing Surgery","authors":"Najhan A. Zulkifli, Uzair I. Z. M. Zain, Azwanis A. Hadi, Mohd N. Ismail, Karimah H. A. Aziz","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between listening to Quran and nature sounds on preoperative anxiety and physiological parameters. Using systematic random sampling, a randomized controlled trial study was conducted among 81 patients, which comprised of male and female patients allocated into three equal groups, that is, Quran recitation group, nature sounds group, and a control group. Preoperative state anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Embong, 2018), and physiological parameters were recorded before and after the intervention. After the intervention, the analysis within-subjects showed significant improvement in heart rate, respiratory rate, and state anxiety. However, post-hoc test showed that reduction in the mean state anxiety scores in all groups was the only significant factor. Paired analysis showed that only mean state anxiety level of nature sounds group has a significant reduction in comparison to control group; whereas there was nonsignificant difference in state anxiety of other paired groups when compared between both intervened groups and between Quran group and control group. The result concluded that listening to either the Quran or nature sounds were effective in reducing preoperative anxiety, however head-to-head comparison found no significant difference.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42547238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.19
Fizza Ali, Gulzar Ahmad
The basic objective of this study was to find out the relationship of social discrimination with psychological wellbeing in presence of the moderating role of need to belong among religious minorities in Pakistan. The sample consisted of 162 adult religious minorities participants. Online questionnaires which included demographics, Daily Life Discrimination Scale (Williams et al., 1997), Need to Belong Scale (Leary et al., 2013), and Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing Scale (Kallay & Rus, 2014) comprising six subscales autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth and self-acceptance were used to collect the data. It was found that social discrimination has a negative relationship with the need to belong as well as psychological wellbeing. The need to belong played a moderating role in four sub variables of psychological wellbeing as autonomy, environmental mastery, self-acceptance and positive relations with others. Results also indicated that women face more social discrimination as compared to men and the Hindu and Sikh minorities face more social discrimination as compared to the Christian minority. This research may provide a stimulus for the policy makers and future researchers to learn more about the social discrimination, need to belong and psychological wellbeing of the religious minorities in Pakistan, and further, to alleviate their sufferings.
本研究的基本目的是在巴基斯坦宗教少数群体的归属需求的调节作用下，找出社会歧视与心理健康的关系。样本由162名成年宗教少数群体参与者组成。在线调查问卷包括人口统计学、日常生活歧视量表(Williams et al.， 1997)、归属感需要量表(Leary et al.， 2013)和Ryff心理健康量表(Kallay & Rus, 2014)，其中包括自主性、环境掌握、生活目的、与他人的积极关系、个人成长和自我接受六个子量表。研究发现，社会歧视与归属感需求和心理健康呈负相关。归属需要在自主性、环境掌控、自我接纳和与他人的积极关系四个心理健康子变量中起调节作用。结果还表明，女性比男性面临更多的社会歧视，印度教和锡克教少数群体比基督教少数群体面临更多的社会歧视。本研究可为政策制定者和未来研究者进一步了解巴基斯坦宗教少数群体的社会歧视、归属需求和心理健康，进而减轻他们的痛苦提供一个刺激。
{"title":"Social Discrimination, Need to Belong, and Psychological Wellbeing Among Religious Minorities in Pakistan","authors":"Fizza Ali, Gulzar Ahmad","doi":"10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2022.37.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"The basic objective of this study was to find out the relationship of social discrimination with psychological wellbeing in presence of the moderating role of need to belong among religious minorities in Pakistan. The sample consisted of 162 adult religious minorities participants. Online questionnaires which included demographics, Daily Life Discrimination Scale (Williams et al., 1997), Need to Belong Scale (Leary et al., 2013), and Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing Scale (Kallay & Rus, 2014) comprising six subscales autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth and self-acceptance were used to collect the data. It was found that social discrimination has a negative relationship with the need to belong as well as psychological wellbeing. The need to belong played a moderating role in four sub variables of psychological wellbeing as autonomy, environmental mastery, self-acceptance and positive relations with others. Results also indicated that women face more social discrimination as compared to men and the Hindu and Sikh minorities face more social discrimination as compared to the Christian minority. This research may provide a stimulus for the policy makers and future researchers to learn more about the social discrimination, need to belong and psychological wellbeing of the religious minorities in Pakistan, and further, to alleviate their sufferings.","PeriodicalId":37796,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45438301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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