Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.125
A. Batrakov, V. Videnin, M. A. Sergeeva
The object of the study was cows of a black-and-white Holstein breed on tethered maintenance, housed in cowsheds of 200 animals each. Milk productivity per day averaged 36.2 kg per cow. The following main etiological factors of the occurrence and development of finger diseases were identified: violations of the conditions of keeping and feeding cows, lack of regular pruning and clearing of hooves, year-round stable maintenance and lack of exercise. When analyzing the biochemical composition of blood, it was revealed that the protein level in 67% of animals was higher than the normative indicators and was in the range of 89.7 - 91.2 g/l, the reserve alkalinity of blood serum in 86.5% of cows was reduced, which was 33.2 - 41.2 vol%, the ratio between albumins and globulins was violated. Also, 45.7% of the cows studied had a decrease in glucose levels in relation to the normative indicators. A set of measures for the prevention of diseases of the fingers in cows has been developed and its clinical effectiveness has been determined. A detergent and disinfectant called Compomol DS Step antipodermite is proposed for the rehabilitation of limbs in animals. This remedy has not only detergent -antiseptic properties against fresh wounds of the sole of the fingers, crumb, tissues of the arch of the interhoof slit and corolla, but also promotes rapid granulation of wounds, seals the horny wall of the hooves, forms a protective film with a long-lasting antimicrobial effect. The results obtained in production conditions indicate that the double use during the week of foot baths with a 5% solution of Compomol DS Step antipodermite reduces the incidence of limbs in cows by 26.3%, compared with the use of a 5% solution of copper sulfate.
{"title":"Prevention of diseases of the limbs in highly productive cows in the conditions of the industrial complex","authors":"A. Batrakov, V. Videnin, M. A. Sergeeva","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.125","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study was cows of a black-and-white Holstein breed on tethered maintenance, housed in cowsheds of 200 animals each. Milk productivity per day averaged 36.2 kg per cow. The following main etiological factors of the occurrence and development of finger diseases were identified: violations of the conditions of keeping and feeding cows, lack of regular pruning and clearing of hooves, year-round stable maintenance and lack of exercise. When analyzing the biochemical composition of blood, it was revealed that the protein level in 67% of animals was higher than the normative indicators and was in the range of 89.7 - 91.2 g/l, the reserve alkalinity of blood serum in 86.5% of cows was reduced, which was 33.2 - 41.2 vol%, the ratio between albumins and globulins was violated. Also, 45.7% of the cows studied had a decrease in glucose levels in relation to the normative indicators. A set of measures for the prevention of diseases of the fingers in cows has been developed and its clinical effectiveness has been determined. A detergent and disinfectant called Compomol DS Step antipodermite is proposed for the rehabilitation of limbs in animals. This remedy has not only detergent -antiseptic properties against fresh wounds of the sole of the fingers, crumb, tissues of the arch of the interhoof slit and corolla, but also promotes rapid granulation of wounds, seals the horny wall of the hooves, forms a protective film with a long-lasting antimicrobial effect. The results obtained in production conditions indicate that the double use during the week of foot baths with a 5% solution of Compomol DS Step antipodermite reduces the incidence of limbs in cows by 26.3%, compared with the use of a 5% solution of copper sulfate.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"39 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125739093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.160
A. Stekolnikov, L. Karpenko, N. A. Shinkarevich, A. Bakhta, A. I. Kozitsyna
The industrial form of pig rearing and breeding implies a significant degree of intensification of all technological processes to obtain the greatest benefit with the lowest economic costs. All this is aimed at solving issues of food supply, import substitution in compliance with the rules of veterinary and sanitary safety. However, during the transition of pig breeding to intensive industrial technology, there is an incomplete compliance of the physiological needs of animals with technological requirements, as a result of which a potential decrease in productivity, resistance, and the development of internal diseases is possible. The main organ involved in all metabolic processes of metabolism is the liver. The purpose of the presented study was to evaluate the effect of the feed biologically active additive "Vetlaktoflor" on the biochemical parameters of the blood in pregnant sows. To study the effect of the "Vetlaktoflor", 4 groups of sows were formed. One control group without the use of the agent and 3 experimental groups where the agent was used according to the following scheme: experimental group -2 - animals were given the active additive "Vetlaktoflor" 2 weeks before farrowing, experimental group-3 - animals were given the active additive "Vetlaktoflor" 2 months before farrowing, experimental group-4 - animals received the biologically active additive "Vetlaktoflor" twice during pregnancy: 2 months and 2 weeks before farrowing.As a result of the use of a biologically active additive, the stabilization of the activity of serum enzymes AlAT and AsAT was noted. In the experimental groups, the activity level of these enzymes was lower by 43.93-67.32% and 30.91-52.56%, respectively. Thus, the probiotic "Vetlaktoflor" is effective when used during pregnancy, reducing the degree of endogenous load on the body of pregnant sows, as well as keeping the level of these enzymes within the reference values, which indicates the stabilization of the state of hepatocellular metabolism.
{"title":"Probiotic supplement in pregnant sows in the conditions of industrial pig breeding","authors":"A. Stekolnikov, L. Karpenko, N. A. Shinkarevich, A. Bakhta, A. I. Kozitsyna","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.160","url":null,"abstract":"The industrial form of pig rearing and breeding implies a significant degree of intensification of all technological processes to obtain the greatest benefit with the lowest economic costs. All this is aimed at solving issues of food supply, import substitution in compliance with the rules of veterinary and sanitary safety. However, during the transition of pig breeding to intensive industrial technology, there is an incomplete compliance of the physiological needs of animals with technological requirements, as a result of which a potential decrease in productivity, resistance, and the development of internal diseases is possible. The main organ involved in all metabolic processes of metabolism is the liver. The purpose of the presented study was to evaluate the effect of the feed biologically active additive \"Vetlaktoflor\" on the biochemical parameters of the blood in pregnant sows. To study the effect of the \"Vetlaktoflor\", 4 groups of sows were formed. One control group without the use of the agent and 3 experimental groups where the agent was used according to the following scheme: experimental group -2 - animals were given the active additive \"Vetlaktoflor\" 2 weeks before farrowing, experimental group-3 - animals were given the active additive \"Vetlaktoflor\" 2 months before farrowing, experimental group-4 - animals received the biologically active additive \"Vetlaktoflor\" twice during pregnancy: 2 months and 2 weeks before farrowing.As a result of the use of a biologically active additive, the stabilization of the activity of serum enzymes AlAT and AsAT was noted. In the experimental groups, the activity level of these enzymes was lower by 43.93-67.32% and 30.91-52.56%, respectively. Thus, the probiotic \"Vetlaktoflor\" is effective when used during pregnancy, reducing the degree of endogenous load on the body of pregnant sows, as well as keeping the level of these enzymes within the reference values, which indicates the stabilization of the state of hepatocellular metabolism.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125933249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.135
I. S. Mikhailova, V. Zaitsev, N. Pudovkin, E. N. Shcherbakova, N. I. Zakharkina
The importance of trace elements in the nutrition of young farm animals is extremely high, since they participate in the regulation of basic physiological processes, and also serve as activators of enzymes of structural elements. In order to achieve good growth and development indicators of young cattle, it is necessary to optimize their mineral nutrition. In this regard, it is necessary to study the effect of certain mineral substances (Co, Se, I, Mn, Zn) in early postnatal ontogenesis on the clinical and hematological parameters of the body of calves.The research was carried out in 2021 on black-and-white cattle on the basis of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of Astrakhan State University. Determination of the levels of trace elements in the ecosystem was carried out in the Astrakhan region. In addition, 6 heads of black-and-white cattle were selected. Samples for the study were taken from animals aged from 1 to 6 months. Determination of hematological parameters of animals was carried out on the IDEXX Laser Cyte analyzer (USA), biochemical parameters – on the IDEXX Catalist analyzer (USA).The conducted studies have shown a low level of some trace elements in the ecosystem of the Astrakhan region. The greatest amount in soil and plants contains manganese and zinc, the least – selenium. However, the lack of certain minerals in early postnatal ontogenesis does not affect the hematological parameters of the calves' body. All the studied parameters were within the limits of physiological norms, which may be associated with the long-term pathogenesis of microelementoses in animals.
{"title":"Clinical and hematological parameters of calves in biogeochemical conditions of the Astrakhan region","authors":"I. S. Mikhailova, V. Zaitsev, N. Pudovkin, E. N. Shcherbakova, N. I. Zakharkina","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.135","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of trace elements in the nutrition of young farm animals is extremely high, since they participate in the regulation of basic physiological processes, and also serve as activators of enzymes of structural elements. In order to achieve good growth and development indicators of young cattle, it is necessary to optimize their mineral nutrition. In this regard, it is necessary to study the effect of certain mineral substances (Co, Se, I, Mn, Zn) in early postnatal ontogenesis on the clinical and hematological parameters of the body of calves.The research was carried out in 2021 on black-and-white cattle on the basis of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of Astrakhan State University. Determination of the levels of trace elements in the ecosystem was carried out in the Astrakhan region. In addition, 6 heads of black-and-white cattle were selected. Samples for the study were taken from animals aged from 1 to 6 months. Determination of hematological parameters of animals was carried out on the IDEXX Laser Cyte analyzer (USA), biochemical parameters – on the IDEXX Catalist analyzer (USA).The conducted studies have shown a low level of some trace elements in the ecosystem of the Astrakhan region. The greatest amount in soil and plants contains manganese and zinc, the least – selenium. However, the lack of certain minerals in early postnatal ontogenesis does not affect the hematological parameters of the calves' body. All the studied parameters were within the limits of physiological norms, which may be associated with the long-term pathogenesis of microelementoses in animals.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"25 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113937436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.121
D. Vasiliev, V. Khvatov, Y. Barteneva, A. Stratonov
The study of the musculoskeletal system in the morphology of animals, and in particular the topography and functional significance of muscles, is an urgent area among Russian morphologists. Detailed knowledge of the structure, architectonics and function of the somatic musculature greatly simplifies the work of veterinary surgeons, physiotherapists and imaging doctors. The Bastard fox is a member of the canine family and is of particular interest to fur farms because of its valuable fur color. Also, this breed of foxes is popular in private farms, where wild animals are domesticated. In connection with the above, the purpose of our study was to study the anatomical and topographic features of the structure of the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox.Five corpses of Bastard foxes aged from three to five years, obtained from forced euthanasia from private farms and clinics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, were used as dated material. The study took place at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Traditional anatomical methods such as fine anatomical preparation, weighing and morphometry were used as research methods.According to the results of the study, we found that the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox have a characteristic structure characteristic of carnivores, but at the same time it has a number of individual characteristics.
{"title":"The muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox","authors":"D. Vasiliev, V. Khvatov, Y. Barteneva, A. Stratonov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.121","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the musculoskeletal system in the morphology of animals, and in particular the topography and functional significance of muscles, is an urgent area among Russian morphologists. Detailed knowledge of the structure, architectonics and function of the somatic musculature greatly simplifies the work of veterinary surgeons, physiotherapists and imaging doctors. The Bastard fox is a member of the canine family and is of particular interest to fur farms because of its valuable fur color. Also, this breed of foxes is popular in private farms, where wild animals are domesticated. In connection with the above, the purpose of our study was to study the anatomical and topographic features of the structure of the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox.Five corpses of Bastard foxes aged from three to five years, obtained from forced euthanasia from private farms and clinics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, were used as dated material. The study took place at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Traditional anatomical methods such as fine anatomical preparation, weighing and morphometry were used as research methods.According to the results of the study, we found that the muscles of the shoulder girdle of the Bastard fox have a characteristic structure characteristic of carnivores, but at the same time it has a number of individual characteristics.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128456067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.109
A. Krivoruchko, O. Yatsyk, A. Skokova, K. Katkov, A. Kanibolotskaya
Phenotype assessment is an important process in breeding practice and for studying the influence of genes that shape the productive qualities of sheep. As a result of many years of selection and breeding work, the existing indicators fixed in the breed have lost their supposed potential, which dictates the need to search for new indicators that more accurately characterize the meat productivity of sheep. The aim of the work is to assess the informativeness of phenotype parameters in Russian meat merino sheep by the method of principal component analysis, for further use in genomic selection programs, as well as applicable for in vivo assessment of meat productivity. For the first time, new methods of assessing the exterior and interior for the study of meat productivity have been proposed and their efficiency has been determined for russian meat merino (RMM) sheep. The possibility of determining the size of individual muscle groups using such parameters as the girth of the shoulder, forearm and thigh by instrumental methods, as well as measuring the thigh muscle thickness and fat thickness (TMT and FT) in the lumbar region using ultrasound was studied. The object of the study was the one-year -old rams (n = 50) of the Russian Meat Merino (RMM) breed. To assess the significance of the proposed measurements, in comparison with those used in existing practice, the principal component method and correlation analysis were used. In the course of the work carried out, it was found that measurements: thigh volume, forearm girth had the most significant correlations with all parameters describing the exterior of the PMM breed. Based on the analysis of the main components, it was determined that the first six components in our study explained more than 80% of phenotypic variability. Thus, the proposed parameters determined by ultrasound: TMT and FT are advisable to use for the phenotypic assessment of the conformation of sheep of the RMM breed, especially when searching for genomic associations with productive qualities.
{"title":"Assessment of the significance of new phenotype parameters of Russian meat merino sheep by principal component analysis","authors":"A. Krivoruchko, O. Yatsyk, A. Skokova, K. Katkov, A. Kanibolotskaya","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.109","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotype assessment is an important process in breeding practice and for studying the influence of genes that shape the productive qualities of sheep. As a result of many years of selection and breeding work, the existing indicators fixed in the breed have lost their supposed potential, which dictates the need to search for new indicators that more accurately characterize the meat productivity of sheep. The aim of the work is to assess the informativeness of phenotype parameters in Russian meat merino sheep by the method of principal component analysis, for further use in genomic selection programs, as well as applicable for in vivo assessment of meat productivity. For the first time, new methods of assessing the exterior and interior for the study of meat productivity have been proposed and their efficiency has been determined for russian meat merino (RMM) sheep. The possibility of determining the size of individual muscle groups using such parameters as the girth of the shoulder, forearm and thigh by instrumental methods, as well as measuring the thigh muscle thickness and fat thickness (TMT and FT) in the lumbar region using ultrasound was studied. The object of the study was the one-year -old rams (n = 50) of the Russian Meat Merino (RMM) breed. To assess the significance of the proposed measurements, in comparison with those used in existing practice, the principal component method and correlation analysis were used. In the course of the work carried out, it was found that measurements: thigh volume, forearm girth had the most significant correlations with all parameters describing the exterior of the PMM breed. Based on the analysis of the main components, it was determined that the first six components in our study explained more than 80% of phenotypic variability. Thus, the proposed parameters determined by ultrasound: TMT and FT are advisable to use for the phenotypic assessment of the conformation of sheep of the RMM breed, especially when searching for genomic associations with productive qualities.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122191937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.88
T. Kalyuzhnaya, D. Orlova, G. Rodak
To date, there are many ways to detect the falsification of caviar. These include organoleptic and laboratory research methods. However, when adding counterfeit in the amount of up to 25% of the total weight of the product, it is quite difficult to establish the fact of falsification. That is why in veterinary and sanitary practice, polymerase chain reaction is increasingly resorted to. The purpose of the research was to identify the species of salmon fish eggs using polymerase chain reaction with real-time observation (PCR-RV). Identification was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the eggs were homogenized with subsequent DNA extraction by the adsorption method using a set of "Sorb-GMO-A" (Syntol, Russia). At the second stage, PCR-RV was performed on the Rotor-Gene Q amplifier (Qiagen, Germany) using the Pink Salmon/Chum Salmon/ Sockeye Salmon (Syntol, Russia) and Salmon/Trout test systems/Kizuch" (Organic Test, Russia). The results were evaluated by the kinetic growth curve of the fluorescence signal depending on the DNA present in the studied caviar and the threshold cycle value Ct ≤. 35.The existing organoleptic and physicochemical methods of veterinary and sanitary examination of caviar make it possible to determine its quality and safety. It is extremely difficult to determine the species of caviar using these methods. Polymerase chain reaction is the most sensitive method for identifying the species of caviar and revealing the facts of its falsification.
{"title":"Identification of salmon caviar using PCR-RV","authors":"T. Kalyuzhnaya, D. Orlova, G. Rodak","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.88","url":null,"abstract":"To date, there are many ways to detect the falsification of caviar. These include organoleptic and laboratory research methods. However, when adding counterfeit in the amount of up to 25% of the total weight of the product, it is quite difficult to establish the fact of falsification. That is why in veterinary and sanitary practice, polymerase chain reaction is increasingly resorted to. The purpose of the research was to identify the species of salmon fish eggs using polymerase chain reaction with real-time observation (PCR-RV). Identification was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the eggs were homogenized with subsequent DNA extraction by the adsorption method using a set of \"Sorb-GMO-A\" (Syntol, Russia). At the second stage, PCR-RV was performed on the Rotor-Gene Q amplifier (Qiagen, Germany) using the Pink Salmon/Chum Salmon/ Sockeye Salmon (Syntol, Russia) and Salmon/Trout test systems/Kizuch\" (Organic Test, Russia). The results were evaluated by the kinetic growth curve of the fluorescence signal depending on the DNA present in the studied caviar and the threshold cycle value Ct ≤. 35.The existing organoleptic and physicochemical methods of veterinary and sanitary examination of caviar make it possible to determine its quality and safety. It is extremely difficult to determine the species of caviar using these methods. Polymerase chain reaction is the most sensitive method for identifying the species of caviar and revealing the facts of its falsification.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131701505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.64
A. Yurchenko, L. Glazunova, E. M. Gagarin, Y. Glazunov
Now in animal husbandry, more than 70 types of antibiotics are used, belonging to various groups. The most popular are longknown groups: penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins. The main reasons for the use of antibacterial agents are the presence of visible and latent pathologies in cows. Milk contaminated with antibiotics not only has significant restrictions on its use in processing, but also poses a serious threat to humans, as the end consumer of dairy products, as it provokes the development of antibiotic resistance. Laboratory studies were carried out on the basis of the Tyumen Regional Veterinary Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology, during 2019- 2020, the object of the study was 407 milk samples obtained from cows kept both in private farmsteads and in agricultural enterprises. It was found that 55.83% of raw milk samples delivered to the laboratory were contaminated with antibiotics. The most common antibiotic found in raw milk is amoxicillin (40.47% of all samples containing antibiotics), doxycycline (21.86%) was subdominant, erythromycin and azithromycin were encountered to a lesser extent (11.16% each), levofloxacin was encountered in 8.84% of milk samples with antibiotics, in rare cases the presence of streptomycin was recorded (6.51%). Most often, antibiotics were found in the summer. Thus, 54.42% of samples containing antibiotics were detected from June to August. Spring time accounted for 22.33% of all samples containing antibiotics. In autumn and winter, the proportion of samples with antibiotics was the smallest and amounted to 16.74 and 6.05%, respectively.
{"title":"Monitoring of contamination of raw milk with residual quantities of antibiotics","authors":"A. Yurchenko, L. Glazunova, E. M. Gagarin, Y. Glazunov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.64","url":null,"abstract":"Now in animal husbandry, more than 70 types of antibiotics are used, belonging to various groups. The most popular are longknown groups: penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins. The main reasons for the use of antibacterial agents are the presence of visible and latent pathologies in cows. Milk contaminated with antibiotics not only has significant restrictions on its use in processing, but also poses a serious threat to humans, as the end consumer of dairy products, as it provokes the development of antibiotic resistance. Laboratory studies were carried out on the basis of the Tyumen Regional Veterinary Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology, during 2019- 2020, the object of the study was 407 milk samples obtained from cows kept both in private farmsteads and in agricultural enterprises. It was found that 55.83% of raw milk samples delivered to the laboratory were contaminated with antibiotics. The most common antibiotic found in raw milk is amoxicillin (40.47% of all samples containing antibiotics), doxycycline (21.86%) was subdominant, erythromycin and azithromycin were encountered to a lesser extent (11.16% each), levofloxacin was encountered in 8.84% of milk samples with antibiotics, in rare cases the presence of streptomycin was recorded (6.51%). Most often, antibiotics were found in the summer. Thus, 54.42% of samples containing antibiotics were detected from June to August. Spring time accounted for 22.33% of all samples containing antibiotics. In autumn and winter, the proportion of samples with antibiotics was the smallest and amounted to 16.74 and 6.05%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124073891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.93
N. Yavnikov
In this study, the influence of various cryoprotectants on the viability of the consortium of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum 8 β and Bifidobacterium adolescentis 17-11 β after the lyophilic drying. These strains are manufacturing strains and are used for preparing feed additives. A total of 6 different protective environments were tested. The basis of all tested cryoprotector media was skimmed milk in a quantity of 10%, as cryoprotectants also used sucrose, lactose and SiO2, which were added to the skimmed milk in various combinations. Lyophilic drying was carried out according to standard procedure, with preliminary freezing of samples in cryostat up to minus 72 oC, the lyophilization process lasted 26 hours, during which the vacuum index varied from 40 Pa to 4 Pa, The temperature was raised to 28 оC. The effect of the protective medium on the survival of probiotic microorganisms was determined by planting a series of crops on agar MRS-4, incubation at 37 C in 48 hours, and then counting the colonies. Crops were produced before the drying procedure (the number of colonies was 100%) and immediately after. The highest survival rates of probiotic bacteria were obtained using a protective medium based on 10% skimmed milk and 10% skimmed milk with 2% SiO2 added, accounting for 81.84% and 82.48% respectively. The moisture content of the samples after drying was as follows: Medium based on 10% skimmed milk - 4.40%; 10% of skimmed milk plus 2% SiO2 - 4.93%. This humidity for lyophilic preparations of these bacteria is optimal, and promotes long-term storage of samples with continued viability.
{"title":"The effect of various cryoprotective components on the survival of probiotic microorganisms after freeze drying","authors":"N. Yavnikov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.93","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the influence of various cryoprotectants on the viability of the consortium of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum 8 β and Bifidobacterium adolescentis 17-11 β after the lyophilic drying. These strains are manufacturing strains and are used for preparing feed additives. A total of 6 different protective environments were tested. The basis of all tested cryoprotector media was skimmed milk in a quantity of 10%, as cryoprotectants also used sucrose, lactose and SiO2, which were added to the skimmed milk in various combinations. Lyophilic drying was carried out according to standard procedure, with preliminary freezing of samples in cryostat up to minus 72 oC, the lyophilization process lasted 26 hours, during which the vacuum index varied from 40 Pa to 4 Pa, The temperature was raised to 28 оC. The effect of the protective medium on the survival of probiotic microorganisms was determined by planting a series of crops on agar MRS-4, incubation at 37 C in 48 hours, and then counting the colonies. Crops were produced before the drying procedure (the number of colonies was 100%) and immediately after. The highest survival rates of probiotic bacteria were obtained using a protective medium based on 10% skimmed milk and 10% skimmed milk with 2% SiO2 added, accounting for 81.84% and 82.48% respectively. The moisture content of the samples after drying was as follows: Medium based on 10% skimmed milk - 4.40%; 10% of skimmed milk plus 2% SiO2 - 4.93%. This humidity for lyophilic preparations of these bacteria is optimal, and promotes long-term storage of samples with continued viability.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"697 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132419427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.24
N. Tarlavin, V. Veretennikov, E. Javadov, K. A. Moiseeva, A. S. Yakovleva, Z. S. Ilchevskaya, E. A. Podurets, D. G. Tyurina
To prevent bacterial infections in birds, poultry farms often use feed antibiotics. Based on this, residues are often registered in products from such birds, which is dangerous for humans. Dietary supplements help to safely replace antibiotics and produce environmentally friendly products. They have a positive effect on the body of poultry: improve intestinal and microbial balance and, consequently, increase their safety and productivity.The aim of the work was to study the ability of "Probiocid® Ultra" to inhibit the development of Clostridium perfringens. In the conditions of vivariums on the basis of SRCC of poultry farming experiment with chickens-broilers of cross "Ross-308" was put. Daily chickens were divided into 3 groups of 40 chickens at random - 2 control groups and the group, in the diet of which was introduced a complex of additional food "Probiocid® Ultra".The birds were kept in the vivarium for 38 days. The microclimate, lighting, feeding and watering front complied with the requirements of Ross-308 cross. Since the age of 15 days 1 control group and the group with complex of additional feeding were infected with Clostridum perfringens at the dose of 1 billion microbial bodies per head. As a result of the experiment it was found that the studied Probiocid-Ultra has a positive effect on the poultry organism. When introducing this complex of supplementary nutrition in the diet of broilers under condi tions of Clostridium perfringens infection, a significantly higher preservation of livestock compared with the infected control was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the complex "Probiocid® Ultra" is able to protect poultry under conditions of high pathogenic load on the body.
{"title":"Increasing head safety in broiler chickens when using probiotic Probiocid-Ultra under infection conditions of Clostridium perfringens","authors":"N. Tarlavin, V. Veretennikov, E. Javadov, K. A. Moiseeva, A. S. Yakovleva, Z. S. Ilchevskaya, E. A. Podurets, D. G. Tyurina","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.24","url":null,"abstract":"To prevent bacterial infections in birds, poultry farms often use feed antibiotics. Based on this, residues are often registered in products from such birds, which is dangerous for humans. Dietary supplements help to safely replace antibiotics and produce environmentally friendly products. They have a positive effect on the body of poultry: improve intestinal and microbial balance and, consequently, increase their safety and productivity.The aim of the work was to study the ability of \"Probiocid® Ultra\" to inhibit the development of Clostridium perfringens. In the conditions of vivariums on the basis of SRCC of poultry farming experiment with chickens-broilers of cross \"Ross-308\" was put. Daily chickens were divided into 3 groups of 40 chickens at random - 2 control groups and the group, in the diet of which was introduced a complex of additional food \"Probiocid® Ultra\".The birds were kept in the vivarium for 38 days. The microclimate, lighting, feeding and watering front complied with the requirements of Ross-308 cross. Since the age of 15 days 1 control group and the group with complex of additional feeding were infected with Clostridum perfringens at the dose of 1 billion microbial bodies per head. As a result of the experiment it was found that the studied Probiocid-Ultra has a positive effect on the poultry organism. When introducing this complex of supplementary nutrition in the diet of broilers under condi tions of Clostridium perfringens infection, a significantly higher preservation of livestock compared with the infected control was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the complex \"Probiocid® Ultra\" is able to protect poultry under conditions of high pathogenic load on the body.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130243986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.11
A. Gusev, S. Engashev, V. A. Babak
To date, the swine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (RRSS) has been registered in most countries of the world, including Russia. This disease remains one of the important problems in pig breeding, as it causes huge losses to this industry.The authors conducted a study where epizootological data and clinical signs of the incidence of RRSS in the conditions of the breeding farm "Zadneprovsky" and materials for evaluating the effectiveness of RRSS vaccine prevention with an analysis of economic indicators. The diagnosis of RRSS was made on the basis of clinical, pathoanatomic and serological research methods. By the number of antibodies in the blood serum of animals, the intensity of immunity to the RRSS virus was judged. Virus-specific antibodies were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).It is established that if the virus appears in the herd for the first time, all sows with impaired reproductive function, accompanied by 100% abortions, premature birth, become ill. Among the piglets born from sick sows, there are a large number of stillbirths, and among the surviving piglets, there is a high mortality rate, stunting and unsuitability for cultivation. It is noted that the number of stillborn piglets is always higher in the first moments of the onset of the disease than with repeated farrowing.After getting over the disease, the bulk of sows quickly recover and, with repeated farrowing, bring viable piglets. Immunization of piglets against the background of a decrease in maternal immunity with a live vaccine against RRSS is accompanied by the formation of a tense immunity that protects them from the disease.Currently, in many pig farms, vaccination of pigs against RRSS is included in the mandatory program of preventive vaccinations against infectious diseases.
{"title":"Modern problems of reproductive and respiratory syndrome of pigs (RRSS) vaccine prevention","authors":"A. Gusev, S. Engashev, V. A. Babak","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2021.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"To date, the swine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (RRSS) has been registered in most countries of the world, including Russia. This disease remains one of the important problems in pig breeding, as it causes huge losses to this industry.The authors conducted a study where epizootological data and clinical signs of the incidence of RRSS in the conditions of the breeding farm \"Zadneprovsky\" and materials for evaluating the effectiveness of RRSS vaccine prevention with an analysis of economic indicators. The diagnosis of RRSS was made on the basis of clinical, pathoanatomic and serological research methods. By the number of antibodies in the blood serum of animals, the intensity of immunity to the RRSS virus was judged. Virus-specific antibodies were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).It is established that if the virus appears in the herd for the first time, all sows with impaired reproductive function, accompanied by 100% abortions, premature birth, become ill. Among the piglets born from sick sows, there are a large number of stillbirths, and among the surviving piglets, there is a high mortality rate, stunting and unsuitability for cultivation. It is noted that the number of stillborn piglets is always higher in the first moments of the onset of the disease than with repeated farrowing.After getting over the disease, the bulk of sows quickly recover and, with repeated farrowing, bring viable piglets. Immunization of piglets against the background of a decrease in maternal immunity with a live vaccine against RRSS is accompanied by the formation of a tense immunity that protects them from the disease.Currently, in many pig farms, vaccination of pigs against RRSS is included in the mandatory program of preventive vaccinations against infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":378052,"journal":{"name":"International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122582575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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