Pub Date : 2021-06-03DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931743
José Miguel Natera
ABSTRACT In this short essay, I will discuss Christopher Freeman’s legacy using two axes: (i) the multidimensional vision that he has put forward in National Innovation Systems and (ii) the upmost importance of considering time as a structuring element of the systemic analysis of innovation. I identify some aspects of Freeman’s systemic thinking. This essay is closed by reflecting on the beautiful road ahead that Freeman has signalled for future generations of scholars.
{"title":"The tree lives beyond its leaves: Freeman’s legacy on system thinking for innovation studies","authors":"José Miguel Natera","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931743","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this short essay, I will discuss Christopher Freeman’s legacy using two axes: (i) the multidimensional vision that he has put forward in National Innovation Systems and (ii) the upmost importance of considering time as a structuring element of the systemic analysis of innovation. I identify some aspects of Freeman’s systemic thinking. This essay is closed by reflecting on the beautiful road ahead that Freeman has signalled for future generations of scholars.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"20 1","pages":"77 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82688228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-03DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934633
R. Rasiah, Siu Hong Wong
ABSTRACT This paper seeks to assess industrial upgrading in the semiconductor industry in East Asia. Research into 25 firms, and subsequently the entire value chain specialization of these firms, as well as the filing of patents in the United States at the aggregate country level show that special focus on technological upgrading is critical to attract or stimulate firms’ participation in frontier R&D and wafer fabrication activities. Within these categories supportive R&D in assembly and test operations can be achieved in reasonably strong Science Technology and Innovation (STI) infrastructure in particular national locations endowed with strong basic infrastructure. Only in countries where frontier semiconductor research is carried out at universities and where a strong discipline-based incentive mechanism is around, have semiconductor firms established frontier R&D and frontier wafer fabrication activities, such as in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. China has embarked on upgrading to such activities since 2017 suggesting that it could follow the same path to maturity. Consequently, the evidence shows that semiconductor manufacturing is most sticky with the highest technological sophistication in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan where the upgrading incentives and the STI infrastructure have been the most incisive, while China shows a promising movement in that direction.
{"title":"Industrial upgrading in the semiconductor industry in East Asia","authors":"R. Rasiah, Siu Hong Wong","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934633","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper seeks to assess industrial upgrading in the semiconductor industry in East Asia. Research into 25 firms, and subsequently the entire value chain specialization of these firms, as well as the filing of patents in the United States at the aggregate country level show that special focus on technological upgrading is critical to attract or stimulate firms’ participation in frontier R&D and wafer fabrication activities. Within these categories supportive R&D in assembly and test operations can be achieved in reasonably strong Science Technology and Innovation (STI) infrastructure in particular national locations endowed with strong basic infrastructure. Only in countries where frontier semiconductor research is carried out at universities and where a strong discipline-based incentive mechanism is around, have semiconductor firms established frontier R&D and frontier wafer fabrication activities, such as in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. China has embarked on upgrading to such activities since 2017 suggesting that it could follow the same path to maturity. Consequently, the evidence shows that semiconductor manufacturing is most sticky with the highest technological sophistication in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan where the upgrading incentives and the STI infrastructure have been the most incisive, while China shows a promising movement in that direction.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"413 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79611847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-02DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1928820
S. K. Ragamustari, N. Parwanto, A. Nawir, E. Sukara
ABSTRACT A nation’s science and technology (S&T) capacity is key to its sustainable development. Countries that lack S&T capacity can learn from others. This research elucidates Indonesia’s S&T capacity evolution from 1970 to 2018 and compares it to that of the Republic of Korea using the national innovation system framework and evolution dynamics. Indonesia’s S&T capacity as of 2018 has evolved little since 1970 and is similar to the Republic of Korea’s in 1970–2000. The context is then analyzed retrospectively using policies issued by the Republic of Korea. Policies that can be implemented in Indonesia include measures to increase the effectiveness of institutions, an increase in gross expenditure in research and development as a percentage of GDP by 1.84–3.47%, an increase in the involvement of industry through incentives and matching the needs of industry-research, stronger national messaging regarding the importance of S&T, and a more specific S&T capacity development roadmap.
{"title":"Indonesia's science and technology capacity evolution dynamics from 1970 to 2018 compared to the Republic of Korea","authors":"S. K. Ragamustari, N. Parwanto, A. Nawir, E. Sukara","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1928820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1928820","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A nation’s science and technology (S&T) capacity is key to its sustainable development. Countries that lack S&T capacity can learn from others. This research elucidates Indonesia’s S&T capacity evolution from 1970 to 2018 and compares it to that of the Republic of Korea using the national innovation system framework and evolution dynamics. Indonesia’s S&T capacity as of 2018 has evolved little since 1970 and is similar to the Republic of Korea’s in 1970–2000. The context is then analyzed retrospectively using policies issued by the Republic of Korea. Policies that can be implemented in Indonesia include measures to increase the effectiveness of institutions, an increase in gross expenditure in research and development as a percentage of GDP by 1.84–3.47%, an increase in the involvement of industry through incentives and matching the needs of industry-research, stronger national messaging regarding the importance of S&T, and a more specific S&T capacity development roadmap.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"829 1","pages":"153 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77544633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931742
Jana Schmutzler, Rhiannon Pugh, A. Tsvetkova
ABSTRACT In recent years a concept gaining much traction amongst both economic and policy communities is that of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE). We are interested in this concept because it has clear roots in innovation system thinking and can be argued to represent a contemporary iteration of ideas around systemic understandings and policy approaches to economic development, innovation, and entrepreneurship. In our work we have been exploring the links between earlier innovation systems and newer entrepreneurial ecosystem concepts. In this essay, we expand this line of thinking by interrogating the EE concept from the perspective of the work of Christopher Freeman, often called the father of innovation studies. It is our argument that by combining contemporary debates in EE with the more ‘classic’ literatures from the innovation systems cannon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the trinity of economic development, innovation, and entrepreneurship to be of benefit both to the research and policy communities. Specifically, in this paper we zoom in on two specific elements of Freeman’s thinking on innovation systems: context specificity and evolutionary dynamics and push EE thinking forward using these insights.
{"title":"Contextual and evolutionary perspectives on entrepreneurial ecosystems. Insights from Chris Freeman’s thinking","authors":"Jana Schmutzler, Rhiannon Pugh, A. Tsvetkova","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1931742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent years a concept gaining much traction amongst both economic and policy communities is that of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE). We are interested in this concept because it has clear roots in innovation system thinking and can be argued to represent a contemporary iteration of ideas around systemic understandings and policy approaches to economic development, innovation, and entrepreneurship. In our work we have been exploring the links between earlier innovation systems and newer entrepreneurial ecosystem concepts. In this essay, we expand this line of thinking by interrogating the EE concept from the perspective of the work of Christopher Freeman, often called the father of innovation studies. It is our argument that by combining contemporary debates in EE with the more ‘classic’ literatures from the innovation systems cannon, we can gain a deeper understanding of the trinity of economic development, innovation, and entrepreneurship to be of benefit both to the research and policy communities. Specifically, in this paper we zoom in on two specific elements of Freeman’s thinking on innovation systems: context specificity and evolutionary dynamics and push EE thinking forward using these insights.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"44 1","pages":"13 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77264120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1935641
D. Suárez, Analía Erbes
ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to reflect on the potentialities and limitations of the NIS approach to dealing with development challenges and the role of STI policy in that process. The working thesis is that the approach has conceptual limitations which work against its analytical usefulness to face development challenges, but that it still provides a useful framework for thinking in terms of STI requirements to overcome those challenges. We claim that what the NIS does and what it can do are two equally important sides of the same process of knowledge creation and application at the service of development. We explore the origins and evolution of the NIS approach and the need for a new STI policy framework in the search for conceptual tools to contribute to democratic, sustainable and equitable societies.
{"title":"What can national innovation systems do for development?","authors":"D. Suárez, Analía Erbes","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1935641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1935641","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to reflect on the potentialities and limitations of the NIS approach to dealing with development challenges and the role of STI policy in that process. The working thesis is that the approach has conceptual limitations which work against its analytical usefulness to face development challenges, but that it still provides a useful framework for thinking in terms of STI requirements to overcome those challenges. We claim that what the NIS does and what it can do are two equally important sides of the same process of knowledge creation and application at the service of development. We explore the origins and evolution of the NIS approach and the need for a new STI policy framework in the search for conceptual tools to contribute to democratic, sustainable and equitable societies.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"3 1","pages":"243 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88444590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934255
Jorge Britto, L. Ribeiro, Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque
ABSTRACT This paper revisits the pioneers of innovation systems in the 1980s to evaluate their perception of international forces tensioning national boundaries of those systems. The development of multinational enterprises and consequent changes in their operation beyond national borders is discussed, looking at the formation of a network of international knowledge flows. Those changes are connected to the internationalization of science and consequent formation of another network of international knowledge flows. Both networks, one firm-led and the other university-led, are pushed by the revolutions in information and communication technologies. The combination, overlapping and intertwinement of those two networks of international knowledge flows constitute a new layer in innovation systems – an emergent global innovation system. This new layer rearranges the roles of regional, sectoral and national innovation systems.
{"title":"Global systems of innovation: introductory notes on a new layer and a new hierarchy in innovation systems","authors":"Jorge Britto, L. Ribeiro, Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1934255","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper revisits the pioneers of innovation systems in the 1980s to evaluate their perception of international forces tensioning national boundaries of those systems. The development of multinational enterprises and consequent changes in their operation beyond national borders is discussed, looking at the formation of a network of international knowledge flows. Those changes are connected to the internationalization of science and consequent formation of another network of international knowledge flows. Both networks, one firm-led and the other university-led, are pushed by the revolutions in information and communication technologies. The combination, overlapping and intertwinement of those two networks of international knowledge flows constitute a new layer in innovation systems – an emergent global innovation system. This new layer rearranges the roles of regional, sectoral and national innovation systems.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"37 1","pages":"259 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84184719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930891
Antonio Biurrun
ABSTRACT The present brief comment explores some of Christopher Freeman’s main ideas and their influence on my recent and current research. The concepts of broad and narrow National Systems of Innovation (NSI), regional systems of innovation and production networks are some of the main sources of inspiration for part of my works. Combined with a concern for development and social progress I have tried to understand how NSI relate and condition not only the outputs of innovation and economic growth but also their effect on social issues such as income inequality rates. Some evidence on the consequences of innovation on inequality is reviewed here, and some future lines of research regarding Global Value Chains (GVC) approaches are proposed.
{"title":"A global value chain perspective on the phenomena of innovation and inequality","authors":"Antonio Biurrun","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930891","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present brief comment explores some of Christopher Freeman’s main ideas and their influence on my recent and current research. The concepts of broad and narrow National Systems of Innovation (NSI), regional systems of innovation and production networks are some of the main sources of inspiration for part of my works. Combined with a concern for development and social progress I have tried to understand how NSI relate and condition not only the outputs of innovation and economic growth but also their effect on social issues such as income inequality rates. Some evidence on the consequences of innovation on inequality is reviewed here, and some future lines of research regarding Global Value Chains (GVC) approaches are proposed.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"3 1","pages":"97 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75006406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930399
C. Ngongoni
ABSTRACT Pegging similar research constructs against each other is the usual norm where different streams of thought aim to seek validation and claim space in scholarship. Nevertheless, with the rapid rate of innovation and interaction globally, developing a construct solely on its own merit sometimes can be futile though enlightening. This is the dilemma I was faced with whilst undertaking my doctoral study which was aimed at understanding various facets of Innovation Ecosystems. Leveraging off Christopher Freeman’s supposition of learning from the old to inform the new helped my thought processes. Firstly, I looked to Innovation Systems research to assist in understanding functional activities that occur in Innovation Ecosystems. Secondly, I applied the same perspective when it comes to selecting cases that I analysed in the study. The overall aim of this reflective piece is to exemplify how one construct can always learn from another to morph from just being theoretical to being practical.
{"title":"Looking to the old to understand the new – insights on how innovation ecosystems can leverage off innovation systems","authors":"C. Ngongoni","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930399","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pegging similar research constructs against each other is the usual norm where different streams of thought aim to seek validation and claim space in scholarship. Nevertheless, with the rapid rate of innovation and interaction globally, developing a construct solely on its own merit sometimes can be futile though enlightening. This is the dilemma I was faced with whilst undertaking my doctoral study which was aimed at understanding various facets of Innovation Ecosystems. Leveraging off Christopher Freeman’s supposition of learning from the old to inform the new helped my thought processes. Firstly, I looked to Innovation Systems research to assist in understanding functional activities that occur in Innovation Ecosystems. Secondly, I applied the same perspective when it comes to selecting cases that I analysed in the study. The overall aim of this reflective piece is to exemplify how one construct can always learn from another to morph from just being theoretical to being practical.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"72 1","pages":"23 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83957873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930888
F. Fiorentin, D. Suárez
ABSTRACT The objective of this short comment is to reflect on Freeman’s concept of congruence from his 2002 article ‘Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth’, in the new COVID-19 word. There, Freeman argued about the need for coherence between the different nations’ sub-systems and between the national, continental and global spheres in the matter of development. The emphasis was on the different types of (in)congruence of the different sub-systems of societies – e.g. education, science, technology, politics, culture, among others– that led to specific (under)development paths. The COVID – 19 crisis poses a new stage in the globalization process, and development is still a global challenge, both in terms of preventing new crises and overcoming future ones. Connecting the thoughts of Freeman to these challenges might contribute to a necessary renewed debate about development in current times.
{"title":"If Freeman had seen the COVID-19 crisis. Reflections over the need for global congruence","authors":"F. Fiorentin, D. Suárez","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930888","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The objective of this short comment is to reflect on Freeman’s concept of congruence from his 2002 article ‘Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth’, in the new COVID-19 word. There, Freeman argued about the need for coherence between the different nations’ sub-systems and between the national, continental and global spheres in the matter of development. The emphasis was on the different types of (in)congruence of the different sub-systems of societies – e.g. education, science, technology, politics, culture, among others– that led to specific (under)development paths. The COVID – 19 crisis poses a new stage in the globalization process, and development is still a global challenge, both in terms of preventing new crises and overcoming future ones. Connecting the thoughts of Freeman to these challenges might contribute to a necessary renewed debate about development in current times.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"89 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87607748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930398
P. G. Corilloclla Terbullino
ABSTRACT This essay provides a personal account on how my research endeavour drew upon Freeman’s seminal ideas regarding four aspects, namely, the broad sense of the national system of innovation (NSI) concept, the definition of innovation as an interactive learning process, the relevance of the science and education subsystems, and the importance of international flows of people, knowledge and technology. Altogether, these ideas supported my building of a conceptual framework to study barriers to university-industry linkages and international partnerships in the context of centres of excellence in Latin American countries (LAC). Freeman’s ideas meant a wake-call for understanding innovation in different contexts and an opportunity to build tailored conceptual frameworks that can be applied to LAC.
{"title":"A wake-up call from Chris Freeman’s understanding of innovation and innovation systems: challenges for Latin America","authors":"P. G. Corilloclla Terbullino","doi":"10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1930398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay provides a personal account on how my research endeavour drew upon Freeman’s seminal ideas regarding four aspects, namely, the broad sense of the national system of innovation (NSI) concept, the definition of innovation as an interactive learning process, the relevance of the science and education subsystems, and the importance of international flows of people, knowledge and technology. Altogether, these ideas supported my building of a conceptual framework to study barriers to university-industry linkages and international partnerships in the context of centres of excellence in Latin American countries (LAC). Freeman’s ideas meant a wake-call for understanding innovation in different contexts and an opportunity to build tailored conceptual frameworks that can be applied to LAC.","PeriodicalId":37815,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Development","volume":"159 1","pages":"51 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80082293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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