ABSTRACT This poster highlights the connections between independent media, information activism, and disability through a case study of the podcast Death Panel and its listeners. Death Panel is a leftist podcast that explores issues of affordability in medical care and the dearth of public health resources. The ongoing project explores the independent media created by disabled people that concern their frustrations with societal and governmental neglect, and their desires to build community and a collective political movement for social change. Since the COVID‐19 pandemic, the podcast's listenership has grown substantially. Similarly, the number of members in the Death Panel Discord group has increased to over 2,000 members over the past two years. As of February 21st, 2023, there are 2,954 members in the Discord server. For many members, especially those who are disabled and chronically ill, the podcast's Discord has served as a significant site of politicization and community‐building during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Through semi‐structured interviews, this project will explore the political and activist implications of information for marginalized people.
{"title":"Solidarity and Care: Information Activism in the Death Panel Podcast Community","authors":"Emma May","doi":"10.1002/pra2.949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.949","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This poster highlights the connections between independent media, information activism, and disability through a case study of the podcast Death Panel and its listeners. Death Panel is a leftist podcast that explores issues of affordability in medical care and the dearth of public health resources. The ongoing project explores the independent media created by disabled people that concern their frustrations with societal and governmental neglect, and their desires to build community and a collective political movement for social change. Since the COVID‐19 pandemic, the podcast's listenership has grown substantially. Similarly, the number of members in the Death Panel Discord group has increased to over 2,000 members over the past two years. As of February 21st, 2023, there are 2,954 members in the Discord server. For many members, especially those who are disabled and chronically ill, the podcast's Discord has served as a significant site of politicization and community‐building during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Through semi‐structured interviews, this project will explore the political and activist implications of information for marginalized people.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Data science may be used to determine similarities between musical scores. Programs are written in C++ to capture note progressions from musical scores and to compare progressions from different songs to identify overlapping areas. These tools enable the study of musical borrowing across musical genres and may assist in copyright violation cases. Results indicate that within the Celtic music genre, borrowing occurs across greater than 10% of the songs.
{"title":"Detection of Musical Borrowing Using Data Science","authors":"Steven Walczak, Thomas E. Moore‐Pizon","doi":"10.1002/pra2.843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.843","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Data science may be used to determine similarities between musical scores. Programs are written in C++ to capture note progressions from musical scores and to compare progressions from different songs to identify overlapping areas. These tools enable the study of musical borrowing across musical genres and may assist in copyright violation cases. Results indicate that within the Celtic music genre, borrowing occurs across greater than 10% of the songs.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Research data sharing is embedded in policies, guidelines and requirements commonly promoted by research funding organizations that demand data to be “as open as possible, as closed as necessary” and FAIR. This paper discusses the challenges of balancing privacy protection with data sharing in a PhD project involving long‐tail, small‐sized qualitative human subjects' data. Based on experiences and feedback from project participants, we argue that privacy protection is about respecting the participants and their self‐image. This can be achieved through dialogue and involvement of the participants building on the principles of shared stewardship. Further, we suggest that de‐identification and plain language consent materials are better at protecting privacy than anonymisation, which in a digital data environment is difficult to achieve and not necessarily a sensible approach for qualitative data, where the gold is in the details. The literature indicates that it matters to participants whether data are reused for research or other purposes, and that they trust the institutions. This supports our claim that research data services must find better solutions for restricted sharing when necessary.
{"title":"Sharing Qualitative Interview Data in Dialogue with Research Participants","authors":"Live Håndlykken Kvale, Nils Pharo, Peter Darch","doi":"10.1002/pra2.783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.783","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research data sharing is embedded in policies, guidelines and requirements commonly promoted by research funding organizations that demand data to be “as open as possible, as closed as necessary” and FAIR. This paper discusses the challenges of balancing privacy protection with data sharing in a PhD project involving long‐tail, small‐sized qualitative human subjects' data. Based on experiences and feedback from project participants, we argue that privacy protection is about respecting the participants and their self‐image. This can be achieved through dialogue and involvement of the participants building on the principles of shared stewardship. Further, we suggest that de‐identification and plain language consent materials are better at protecting privacy than anonymisation, which in a digital data environment is difficult to achieve and not necessarily a sensible approach for qualitative data, where the gold is in the details. The literature indicates that it matters to participants whether data are reused for research or other purposes, and that they trust the institutions. This supports our claim that research data services must find better solutions for restricted sharing when necessary.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Data quality assurance (DQA) is critical to research data sharing and reuse. There has been a growing recognition of data transparency, reproducibility, credibility, and validity in research. Although the research data curation literature is large, it lacks data quality theory‐guided examinations of DQA practices in research data repositories. This poster paper reports on the preliminary findings of a larger study that examines DQA practices in research data repositories, including their use of DQA ontologies, standards, and metadata vocabularies. In particular, the paper examines two quality standards and an ontology for their conceptualization of DQA activities and their structure. The authors used the findings of the analysis and the data quality literature to synthesize an initial model of a DQA process in research data repositories that conceptualizes three DQA activities: evaluation, intervention, and communication. This paper can inform the development of ontologies and best practice guides for designing and evaluating DQA workflows in research data repositories.
{"title":"Toward the Conceptualization of Data Quality Assurance in Research Data Repositories","authors":"Dong Joon Lee, Faizan Ali, Besiki Stvilia, Yuanying Pang, Karthik Gonthina","doi":"10.1002/pra2.931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.931","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Data quality assurance (DQA) is critical to research data sharing and reuse. There has been a growing recognition of data transparency, reproducibility, credibility, and validity in research. Although the research data curation literature is large, it lacks data quality theory‐guided examinations of DQA practices in research data repositories. This poster paper reports on the preliminary findings of a larger study that examines DQA practices in research data repositories, including their use of DQA ontologies, standards, and metadata vocabularies. In particular, the paper examines two quality standards and an ontology for their conceptualization of DQA activities and their structure. The authors used the findings of the analysis and the data quality literature to synthesize an initial model of a DQA process in research data repositories that conceptualizes three DQA activities: evaluation, intervention, and communication. This paper can inform the development of ontologies and best practice guides for designing and evaluating DQA workflows in research data repositories.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Sünkler, Nurce Yagci, Daniela Sygulla, Sonja von Mach, Sebastian Schultheiß, Dirk Lewandowski
ABSTRACT The Result Assessment Tool (RAT) is a software toolkit for conducting research using results from commercial search engines and other information retrieval (IR) systems. This software combines modules used for the design and management of studies, the automatic collection of search results through web scraping, and the assessment of search results by jurors using different scales in an assessment interface. Due to the flexibility of RAT, several types of studies can be implemented, for example, classification studies and qualitative content analyses in addition to classic retrieval tests. Therefore, RAT is a versatile tool and useful in various disciplines.
{"title":"Result Assessment Tool: A Software Toolkit for Conducting Studies Based on Search Results","authors":"Sebastian Sünkler, Nurce Yagci, Daniela Sygulla, Sonja von Mach, Sebastian Schultheiß, Dirk Lewandowski","doi":"10.1002/pra2.972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.972","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Result Assessment Tool (RAT) is a software toolkit for conducting research using results from commercial search engines and other information retrieval (IR) systems. This software combines modules used for the design and management of studies, the automatic collection of search results through web scraping, and the assessment of search results by jurors using different scales in an assessment interface. Due to the flexibility of RAT, several types of studies can be implemented, for example, classification studies and qualitative content analyses in addition to classic retrieval tests. Therefore, RAT is a versatile tool and useful in various disciplines.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT It is a common phenomenon for Tang poems to cite the allusions, which can generate a rich relationship network. However, insufficient attention has been paid to investigating the relationship network. To address the research gap, by employing theories and methods of information science, this study presents a method of combining fine‐grained co‐citation relationship and semantic features to link allusion words. We constructed a fine‐grained co‐citation network between allusion words by adding cited positions and sentiments. We then transformed the fine‐grained weights into relational similarities. Moreover, we also leveraged the explanatory text as semantic information for each allusion word, mapping the semantic embedding vectors and calculating the similarities as the semantic similarities. Finally, we applied the link prediction algorithm to implement the allusion word linking. Our experimental results reveal that adding the cited positions and sentiments as well as semantic similarities can improve the performance of allusion word linking, achieving 0.869 on score. Additionally, we explore the linking results from the perspective of the shortest path and find some regular knowledge. Overall, our study extends the application of information science and promotes the development of Chinese traditional cultural resources.
{"title":"Linking Allusion Words: A Method of Combining <scp>Fine‐Grained</scp> Co‐citation Relationship and Semantic Features","authors":"Xiaomin Li, Hao Wang, Jingwen Qiu","doi":"10.1002/pra2.937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.937","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is a common phenomenon for Tang poems to cite the allusions, which can generate a rich relationship network. However, insufficient attention has been paid to investigating the relationship network. To address the research gap, by employing theories and methods of information science, this study presents a method of combining fine‐grained co‐citation relationship and semantic features to link allusion words. We constructed a fine‐grained co‐citation network between allusion words by adding cited positions and sentiments. We then transformed the fine‐grained weights into relational similarities. Moreover, we also leveraged the explanatory text as semantic information for each allusion word, mapping the semantic embedding vectors and calculating the similarities as the semantic similarities. Finally, we applied the link prediction algorithm to implement the allusion word linking. Our experimental results reveal that adding the cited positions and sentiments as well as semantic similarities can improve the performance of allusion word linking, achieving 0.869 on score. Additionally, we explore the linking results from the perspective of the shortest path and find some regular knowledge. Overall, our study extends the application of information science and promotes the development of Chinese traditional cultural resources.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), a branch of AI capable of generating new content from human input has the potential to impact every aspect of our society. However, as with any emerging technology, the benefits and detriments of GAI may not be evenly distributed, leading to digital inequality. Aspects like AI access, effectively usage, and usage outcomes could define this emerging and evolving GAI divide. To fill the current research gap on GAI inequality, this study aims to empirically explore the factors that may contribute to a GAI divide to ensure that the benefits of this technology are distributed equitably throughout society. To address these challenges, An online survey will be conducted to examine both macro‐ and micro‐level factors that may potentially proliferate and ameliorate the GAI divide.
{"title":"Generative Artificial Intelligence (<scp>GAI</scp>) Divide: An Empirical Examination of the <scp>Micro–Macro</scp> Factors that Predict <scp>GAI</scp> Knowledge and Use","authors":"Christopher Ball, Kuo‐Ting Huang","doi":"10.1002/pra2.884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.884","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), a branch of AI capable of generating new content from human input has the potential to impact every aspect of our society. However, as with any emerging technology, the benefits and detriments of GAI may not be evenly distributed, leading to digital inequality. Aspects like AI access, effectively usage, and usage outcomes could define this emerging and evolving GAI divide. To fill the current research gap on GAI inequality, this study aims to empirically explore the factors that may contribute to a GAI divide to ensure that the benefits of this technology are distributed equitably throughout society. To address these challenges, An online survey will be conducted to examine both macro‐ and micro‐level factors that may potentially proliferate and ameliorate the GAI divide.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The research reported in this paper is part of a larger project focusing on the iSchools’ identity and interactions in a globalized world. This paper presents the research management strategy for conducting a global research project among international research communities, and for investigating the current research focus of iSchools members based on the insights of global iSchools’ leaders. It found that information management was the dominant research area and that digital humanities, data science, and “informatics+ scenarios” are the key growth points. The most significant contribution of iSchools to society lies in social services. The research focuses on and benefits worldwide iSchools by outlining development strategies and strengthening the connection between research and society to increase social awareness, influence and reputation.
{"title":"Connecting <scp>iSchools</scp> and Society Through Scientific Research: A Worldwide Exploratory Study","authors":"Di Wang, Lihong Zhou, Gobinda Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/pra2.844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.844","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The research reported in this paper is part of a larger project focusing on the iSchools’ identity and interactions in a globalized world. This paper presents the research management strategy for conducting a global research project among international research communities, and for investigating the current research focus of iSchools members based on the insights of global iSchools’ leaders. It found that information management was the dominant research area and that digital humanities, data science, and “informatics+ scenarios” are the key growth points. The most significant contribution of iSchools to society lies in social services. The research focuses on and benefits worldwide iSchools by outlining development strategies and strengthening the connection between research and society to increase social awareness, influence and reputation.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Nowadays, users trusting search engines appears fundamental, although this claim is built on little research. In face of new developments of search, the question comes up again: to what extent users trust a search engine, how it is justified, and which consequences does it imply. Based on interdisciplinary research on trust, the individual concepts of trust, trustworthiness, and trust‐related behavior ares outlined and applied to the web search context. To date, there is not an adequate instrument for collecting the ambiguous concept of trust for technical artifacts like search engines. Therefore, a trust measure will be developed with the help of a qualitative laboratory study and validated with an online survey. Afterwards, the measure will be applied in an experiment to the search engines Google and Ecosia and scenarios from the health and finance domain. The expected results indicate the causes and effects of trust in a search engine. In consequence, misplaced and well‐founded cases of trust in search engines can be identified and discussed among civil society, researchers, and policymakers.
{"title":"Trust in Search Engines: Developing a Trust Measure and Applying It in an Experiment","authors":"Helena Häußler","doi":"10.1002/pra2.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nowadays, users trusting search engines appears fundamental, although this claim is built on little research. In face of new developments of search, the question comes up again: to what extent users trust a search engine, how it is justified, and which consequences does it imply. Based on interdisciplinary research on trust, the individual concepts of trust, trustworthiness, and trust‐related behavior ares outlined and applied to the web search context. To date, there is not an adequate instrument for collecting the ambiguous concept of trust for technical artifacts like search engines. Therefore, a trust measure will be developed with the help of a qualitative laboratory study and validated with an online survey. Afterwards, the measure will be applied in an experiment to the search engines Google and Ecosia and scenarios from the health and finance domain. The expected results indicate the causes and effects of trust in a search engine. In consequence, misplaced and well‐founded cases of trust in search engines can be identified and discussed among civil society, researchers, and policymakers.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT LGBTQ+ activism has played a significant role in effecting legislative and social change in New Zealand and overseas, promulgating public attitudinal shifts towards tolerance and inclusion. These societal changes do not however appear to have resulted in the visible representation of LGBTQ+ communities in New Zealand's GLAMU institutions. Using a survey, this study investigated what has been occurring in GLAMU institutions with respect to LGBTQ+ collecting and donating through a queer theory lens. The findings indicated that broad, inclusive collection policies do not equate to representation when coupled with passive collecting and little connectivity not only with LGBTQ+ communities but between GLAMU institutions. The evident need revealed by the research findings, particularly the facilitation of GLAMU interconnectivity, offered the chance to alter the existing state of affairs. This paper shows how ongoing research can be applied as the opportunity arises to inform current practices and initiate change.
{"title":"Seize the Initiative: <scp>In‐Process LGBTQ</scp>+ Research Findings and Their Impact on Connecting Practices in New Zealand <scp>GLAMU</scp> Institutions","authors":"Day Alison","doi":"10.1002/pra2.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.815","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT LGBTQ+ activism has played a significant role in effecting legislative and social change in New Zealand and overseas, promulgating public attitudinal shifts towards tolerance and inclusion. These societal changes do not however appear to have resulted in the visible representation of LGBTQ+ communities in New Zealand's GLAMU institutions. Using a survey, this study investigated what has been occurring in GLAMU institutions with respect to LGBTQ+ collecting and donating through a queer theory lens. The findings indicated that broad, inclusive collection policies do not equate to representation when coupled with passive collecting and little connectivity not only with LGBTQ+ communities but between GLAMU institutions. The evident need revealed by the research findings, particularly the facilitation of GLAMU interconnectivity, offered the chance to alter the existing state of affairs. This paper shows how ongoing research can be applied as the opportunity arises to inform current practices and initiate change.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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