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Neurocontrolled Car Speed System 神经控制汽车速度系统
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2022/20
M. Nakonechnyi, O. Ivakhiv, Dariusz Świsulski
Abstract The features of the synthesis of neural controllers for the car speed control system are considered in this article. The task of synthesis is to determine the weight coefficients of neural networks that provide the implementation of proportional and proportional-integral-derivative control laws. The synthesis of controllers is based on an approach that uses a reversed model of the standard. A model of the car speed control system with the use of permitting subsystems has been developed, with the help of the synthesized controller that is connected under certain specified conditions. With the iterative programming and mathematical modeling environment in MATLAB, and using the Simulink package, a structural scheme for controlling the speed of the car was constructed and simulated using synthesized neural controllers.
摘要本文研究了汽车速度控制系统中神经控制器的综合特点。综合的任务是确定提供比例和比例-积分-导数控制律实现的神经网络的权系数。控制器的综合是基于一种使用标准的反向模型的方法。在一定条件下,利用综合控制器连接,建立了采用允许子系统的汽车速度控制系统模型。利用MATLAB中的迭代规划和数学建模环境,利用Simulink软件包,构建了汽车速度控制的结构方案,并利用综合神经控制器进行了仿真。
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引用次数: 1
Skin Lesion Detection Using Deep Learning 基于深度学习的皮肤病变检测
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2022/24
Rajit Chandra, M. Hajiarbabi
Abstract Skin lesion can be deadliest if not detected early. Early detection of skin lesion can save many lives. Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning is helping health-care in many ways and so in the diagnosis of skin lesion. Computer aided diagnosis help clinicians in detecting the cancer. The study was conducted to classify the seven classes of skin lesion using very powerful convolutional neural networks. The two pre trained models i.e DenseNet and Incepton-v3 were employed to train the model and accuracy, precision, recall, f1score and ROCAUC was calculated for every class prediction. Moreover, gradient class activation maps were also used to aid the clinicians in determining what are the regions of image that influence model to make a certain decision. These visualizations are used for explain ability of the model. Experiments showed that DenseNet performed better then Inception V3. Also it was noted that gradient class activation maps highlighted different regions for predicting same class. The main contribution was to introduce medical aided visualizations in lesion classification model that will help clinicians in understanding the decisions of the model. It will enhance the reliability of the model. Also, different optimizers were employed with both models to compare the accuracies.
如果不及早发现,皮肤病变可能是致命的。早期发现皮肤病变可以挽救许多生命。人工智能和机器学习在很多方面都在帮助医疗保健,包括皮肤病变的诊断。计算机辅助诊断帮助临床医生发现癌症。该研究使用非常强大的卷积神经网络对七种皮肤病变进行分类。采用DenseNet和Incepton-v3这两个预训练模型对模型进行训练,计算每个类别预测的准确率、精密度、召回率、f1score和ROCAUC。此外,还使用梯度类激活图来帮助临床医生确定哪些图像区域影响模型做出特定决策。这些可视化用于模型的解释能力。实验表明DenseNet比Inception V3表现得更好。此外,还注意到梯度类激活图突出了预测同一类的不同区域。主要贡献是在病变分类模型中引入医学辅助可视化,这将有助于临床医生理解模型的决策。这将提高模型的可靠性。此外,两种模型采用了不同的优化器来比较精度。
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引用次数: 0
Applicability of Augmented and Virtual Reality for Education in Robotics 增强和虚拟现实在机器人教育中的适用性
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2022/25
Norbert Prokopiuk, P. Falkowski
Abstract The rapid development of automatic control and robotics requires an innovative approach to teaching. This is especially important in the case of studies at the academic level and in vocational schools, where training with expensive robotic stations is necessary. A solution to this problem may be substituting these with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) due to their significantly lower costs. AR/VR technologies have an advantage in terms of low-cost and effective practices in robotics. The described content is an outcome of the MILAN project, wherein those technologies are used for the purpose of online courses. This includes providing access to virtual laboratories via a mobile application and the real-life training stations connected to the network. This paper provides an overview of the available AR/VR applications implemented in robotics education and a detailed description of related best practices. The main sections contain a detailed methodology for designing an AR mobile tool for learning robotics in the AR environment. Moreover, the main challenges encountered during the development phase were listed and analysed. Additionally, this paper presents the possible future use of the application with the associated benefits. The literature overview and conclusions may be used to design similar online courses with an interactive form of teaching practical industrial robots programming.
摘要自动控制和机器人技术的快速发展要求教学方法的创新。在学术和职业学校的研究中,这一点尤其重要,因为在这些地方,需要用昂贵的机器人站进行培训。这个问题的解决方案可能是用增强现实(AR)和虚拟现实(VR)代替这些,因为它们的成本要低得多。AR/VR技术在机器人技术的低成本和有效实践方面具有优势。所描述的内容是米兰项目的成果,其中这些技术用于在线课程的目的。这包括通过移动应用程序提供对虚拟实验室的访问,以及连接到网络的真实训练站。本文概述了在机器人教育中实现的可用AR/VR应用程序,并详细描述了相关的最佳实践。主要部分包含在AR环境中设计用于学习机器人的AR移动工具的详细方法。此外,还列出了在开发阶段遇到的主要挑战并进行了分析。此外,本文还介绍了该应用程序的可能的未来使用及其相关的好处。文献综述和结论可用于设计类似的在线课程,以交互式形式教授实际工业机器人编程。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal State Feedback Controller For Balancing Cube 平衡立方体的最优状态反馈控制器
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2022/19
Adam Kowalczyk, R. Piotrowski
Abstract In this paper, a nonlinear balancing cube system is considered, the concept for which is based on an inverted pendulum. The main purpose of this work was the modelling and construction of a balancing cube with the synthesis of the control system. The control objectives included swing-up and stabilization of the cube on its vertex at an unstable equilibrium. Execution of the intended purpose required, first, deriving a cognitive mathematical model. It was based on the Lagrange method. Next, a mathematical model for control purposes was derived. The project of the physical model of the balancing cube was presented. A stabilization system based on a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) was developed. Moreover, a swing-up mechanism was used to bring the cube close to the upper equilibrium point. The algorithm switching condition was important to enable the correct functioning of the system. The developed control system was verified in the Matlab environment. Finally, verifying experiments and comparisons among models (mathematical and physical) were performed.
本文考虑了一个非线性平衡立方体系统,该系统的概念基于倒立摆。这项工作的主要目的是建模和构建一个平衡立方体与控制系统的综合。控制目标包括立方体在不稳定平衡状态下在其顶点上的摆动和稳定。执行预期目的所需要的,首先是推导出一个认知数学模型。它是基于拉格朗日方法。其次,导出了用于控制的数学模型。提出了平衡立方的物理模型方案。提出了一种基于线性二次型调节器(LQR)的镇定系统。此外,采用摆动机构使立方体接近上平衡点。算法切换条件是保证系统正常工作的重要条件。在Matlab环境下对所开发的控制系统进行了验证。最后进行了实验验证,并对模型(数学和物理)进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Edge Artificial Intelligence-Based Facial Pain Recognition During Myocardial Infarction 基于边缘人工智能的心肌梗死面部疼痛识别
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2022/23
H. M. Mohan, H. Kumara, S. H. Mallikarjun, A. Y. Prasad
Abstract Medical history highlights that myocardial infarction is one of the leading factors of death in human beings. Angina pectoris is a prominent vital sign of myocardial infarction. Medical reports suggest that experiencing chest pain during heart attacks causes changes in facial muscles, resulting in variations in patterns of facial expression. This work intends to develop an automatic facial expression detection to identify the severity of chest pain as a vital sign of MI, using an algorithmic approach that is implemented with a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN). The advanced object detection lightweight CNN models are as follows: Single Shot Detector Mobile Net V2, and Single Shot Detector Inception V2, which were utilized for designing the vital signs MI model from the 500 Red Blue Green Color images private dataset. The authors developed cardiac emergency health monitoring care using an Edge Artificial Intelligence (“Edge AI”) using NVIDIA’s Jetson Nano embedded GPU platform. The proposed model is mainly focused on the factors of low cost and less power consumption for onboard real-time detection of vital signs of myocardial infarction. The evaluated metrics achieve a mean Average Precision of 85.18%, Average Recall of 88.32%, and 6.85 frames per second for the generated detections.
医学史表明,心肌梗死是人类死亡的主要原因之一。心绞痛是心肌梗死的重要生命体征。医学报告表明,心脏病发作时的胸痛会引起面部肌肉的变化,从而导致面部表情模式的变化。这项工作旨在开发一种自动面部表情检测,以识别胸痛的严重程度,作为心肌梗死的生命体征,使用最先进的卷积神经网络(CNN)实现算法方法。先进的目标检测轻量级CNN模型有:Single Shot Detector Mobile Net V2和Single Shot Detector Inception V2,用于设计500张红蓝绿图像私有数据集的生命体征MI模型。作者使用使用NVIDIA的Jetson Nano嵌入式GPU平台的边缘人工智能(“边缘AI”)开发了心脏紧急健康监测护理。该模型主要着眼于低成本和低功耗的因素,用于车载实时检测心肌梗死的生命体征。评估的指标达到了85.18%的平均精度,88.32%的平均召回率和6.85帧/秒的生成检测。
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引用次数: 0
Structurally R-Controllable and Structurally R-Observable Descriptor Linear Electrical Circuits 结构上可控和结构上可观察的广义线性电路
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2021/21
T. Kaczorek, K. Borawski
Structurally R-controllable and structurally R-observable descriptor linear electrical circuits are investigated.Sufficient conditions are given under which the Rcontrollability and R-observability of descriptor linear electrical circuits are independent of their parameters.
研究了结构r -可控和结构r -可观察的广义线性电路。给出了广义线性电路的r可控性和r -可观测性与其参数无关的充分条件。
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引用次数: 0
FDA*: A Focused Single-Query Grid Based Path Planning Algorithm FDA*:一种聚焦单查询网格路径规划算法
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2021/17
Mouad Boumediene, Lamine Mehennaoui, Abderezzak Lachouri
Square grid representations of the state‐space are a commonly used tool in path planning. With applications in a variety of disciplines, including robotics, computational biology, game development, and beyond. However, in large scale and/or high dimensional environments the creation and manipulation of such structures become too expensive, especially in applications when an accurate representation is needed.In this paper, we present a method for reducing the cost of single‐query grid‐based path planning, by focusing the search to a smaller subset, that containsthe optimal solution. This subset is represented by a hyper‐rectangle, the location, and dimensions of which are calculated departing from an initial feasible path found by a fast search using the RRT* algorithm. We also present an implementation of this focused discretization method called FDA*, a resolution optimal algorithm, where the A* algorithm is employed in searching the resulting graph for an optimal solution. We also demonstrate through simulation results, that the FDA* algorithm uses less memory and has a shorter run‐time compared to classic A* and thus other graph based planning algorithms, and in the same time, the resulting path cost is less than that of regular RRT based algorithms.
状态空间的方形网格表示是路径规划中常用的工具。应用于各种学科,包括机器人,计算生物学,游戏开发等。然而,在大规模和/或高维环境中,这种结构的创建和操作变得过于昂贵,特别是在需要精确表示的应用程序中。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法,通过将搜索集中在包含最优解的较小子集上,来降低基于单查询网格的路径规划的成本。该子集由一个超矩形表示,其位置和尺寸是根据使用RRT*算法快速搜索找到的初始可行路径计算的。我们还提出了一种称为FDA*的集中离散化方法的实现,这是一种分辨率最优算法,其中a *算法用于搜索结果图以寻找最优解。我们还通过仿真结果证明,与经典的a *和其他基于图的规划算法相比,FDA*算法使用的内存更少,运行时间更短,同时,所得到的路径成本低于常规的基于RRT的算法。
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引用次数: 1
Unified Model of Disturbances Acting Upon Gimbal Seeker in Anti-Tank Guided Missile 反坦克导弹框架导引头扰动的统一模型
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2021/19
Radosław Nawrocki
Optimisation of the dynamic response of gimbal seeker plays key role from the point of view of development of anti-tank guided missile’s systems. In this study the set of the most important internal disturbances were integrated in generalized model of two axis gimbal seeker implemented in MathWorks’ Simulink environment. Compared to previous works on the subject, it was enhanced by replacing simple friction model with dynamic LuGre friction. Furthermore, its Coulomb component was linked to the normal force induced by missile’s lateral acceleration. Control system of gimbal seeker proposed in paper was tuned with modelled disturbances turned off and then examined with them being turned one by one. System’s responses were assessed to be significantly deteriorated, proving need of disturbance modelling and its use in control systems’ design.
从反坦克导弹系统发展的角度来看,框架导引头的动态响应优化具有关键作用。在MathWorks的Simulink环境下,对两轴框架导引头的广义模型进行了最重要的内部扰动集的集成。与以往的研究成果相比,本文用动态LuGre摩擦模型代替了简单的摩擦模型。此外,它的库仑分量与导弹的横向加速度引起的法向力有关。本文提出的万向节导引头控制系统对模型扰动进行了调谐,并逐一进行了检测。系统的响应被评估为明显恶化,证明了扰动建模及其在控制系统设计中的应用的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
An Approach Towards Parametric Optimisation of Construction Frames for Cartesian Industrial Robots 直角工业机器人结构框架的参数化优化方法
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2021/15
Filip Gwardecki, P. Falkowski
The paper presents an approach to parametric optimization with response surface methodology. This process was performed based on the design of a construction frame for a Cartesian industrial robot. The presented installation is dedicated to the real industrial pick-and-place application. Firstly, the case study was described with relevant information about the components involved. Then, the finite element model with constraints and loads, as well as the settings of the response surface optimization were discussed. The simulation was presented to the reader within all the stages with necessary details. Into consideration were taken six methods of creating response surfaces. Influence on the final optimization result and prediction accuracy of each one was presented. In the end, to validate the outcomes of the process, the static structural analysis of the setup was computed.The paper compares the impact of applying different methods of response surface generation on the results of parametric optimization. Moreover, it indicates the most vulnerable fragments of dynamically loaded elements made of construction profiles. Its results may be used to select appropriate settings in similar applications, mainly for frame structures.
本文提出了一种用响应面法进行参数优化的方法。该过程是基于笛卡尔工业机器人结构框架的设计进行的。所提出的装置是专门为真正的工业取放应用。首先,对案例研究进行了描述,并提供了所涉及组件的相关信息。然后,讨论了带约束和载荷的有限元模型,以及响应面优化的设置。模拟过程包括了所有阶段,并提供了必要的细节。考虑了六种生成响应面的方法。给出了各参数对最终优化结果和预测精度的影响。最后,为了验证该工艺的结果,对装置进行了静力结构分析。比较了采用不同的响应面生成方法对参数优化结果的影响。此外,它还指出了由建筑型材构成的动态加载单元的最脆弱的片段。其结果可用于在类似应用中选择适当的设置,主要用于框架结构。
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引用次数: 0
Software for the Control and Monitoring of Work of a Collaborative Robot 协同机器人工作控制与监控软件
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.14313/jamris/3-2021/16
Wojciech Łabuński, A. Burghardt
The development of robotic systems is correlated with the development of their software. Expanding robot implementation areas and attempts to replace more and more groups of activities carried out by people requires increasing the degrees of freedom, introducing robot interaction with the environment, and preparing software that manages over six degrees of freedom in a friendly, understandable, ergonomic, and functional manner. The authors proposed a method of programming a collaborative robot with the use of a joystick, created the necessary software, constructed elements of the system, obtaining an original, flexible, and intuitive solution. As part of the work, the proposed solution has been simulated and verified. Verification of the proposed solution was carried out on a real bench equipped with a cobot, Kawasaki duAro.
机器人系统的发展与其软件的发展息息相关。扩大机器人的实施领域,并试图取代越来越多的人进行的活动,需要增加自由度,引入机器人与环境的交互,并准备以友好、可理解、符合人体工程学和功能的方式管理超过六个自由度的软件。作者提出了一种使用操纵杆对协作机器人进行编程的方法,创建了必要的软件,构建了系统的元素,获得了一个原始的、灵活的、直观的解决方案。作为工作的一部分,已对所提出的解决方案进行了仿真和验证。在配备协作机器人Kawasaki duAro的真实工作台上,对所提出的解决方案进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
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