Food and Waterborne Parasitology最新文献_第3页

Environmental contamination with taeniid cestode eggs: A systematic literature review 绦虫卵对环境的污染：系统的文献综述

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00294

Justine Daudi Maganira

Taeniid cestodes, including Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, are neglected zoonotic parasites of significant public and veterinary health concern, particularly in low-income countries where sanitation infrastructure is inadequate and pigs and other animals are commonly reared under free-range systems. This review synthesizes published evidence on the occurrence of taeniid eggs or DNA in environmental matrices namely soil, water, vegetables, and sludge, and assesses their role in perpetuating the parasites' transmission cycle. A systematic review of peer-reviewed and indexed literature published between 1989 and 2024 was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in multiple databases, including PubMed, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar, using keywords related to Taenia spp. eggs or DNA in environmental matrices. Articles were included if they reported original research on the detection of taeniid eggs or DNA. Non-English publications, reviews, and studies lacking original data were excluded. Titles and abstracts were screened for relevance, and full texts of eligible articles were reviewed. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, environmental matrices examined, detection methods, and reported prevalence. Contamination levels varied widely by matrix and geography, with higher rates reported in certain parts of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Vegetables and soil were the most frequently investigated matrices. While contamination in water and sludge remains under-explored; available data suggest they may also play a role in transmission. The findings underscore the critical need for molecular diagnostics to improve species-level identification and inform targeted control strategies. Overall, environmental contamination with taeniid cestode eggs is widespread; however, species-specific evidence for T. solium and other Taenia spp. remains limited due to the scarce use of molecular diagnostics. These findings highlight the urgent need for molecular studies to accurately identify Taenia spp. in environmental matrices. Integrated One Health interventions, including improved sanitation, pig management, public education, and enhanced diagnostic capacity, are essential to reduce taeniid cestodes contamination and mitigate associated zoonotic risks in endemic areas.

包括猪带绦虫在内的猪带绦虫是被忽视的人畜共患寄生虫，引起重大的公共和兽医卫生关注，特别是在卫生基础设施不足、猪和其他动物通常在散养系统下饲养的低收入国家。本综述综合了已发表的关于带绦虫卵或DNA在土壤、水、蔬菜和污泥等环境基质中存在的证据，并评估了它们在延续寄生虫传播周期中的作用。按照PRISMA的指导方针，对1989年至2024年间发表的同行评审和索引文献进行了系统回顾。检索在多个数据库中进行，包括PubMed， African Journals Online和谷歌Scholar，使用与带绦虫卵或环境基质中的DNA相关的关键词。如果文章报道了对带绦虫卵或DNA检测的原始研究，就会被纳入。非英语出版物、综述和缺乏原始数据的研究被排除在外。筛选标题和摘要的相关性，并审查符合条件的文章的全文。数据提取侧重于研究特征、环境矩阵检查、检测方法和报告的患病率。污染水平因基质和地理位置的不同而有很大差异，在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的某些地区报告的污染率较高。蔬菜和土壤是最常被调查的基质。虽然水和污泥中的污染仍未得到充分研究；现有数据表明，它们也可能在传播中发挥作用。这些发现强调了分子诊断的迫切需要，以改善物种水平的鉴定并为有针对性的控制策略提供信息。总的来说，绦虫卵对环境的污染是普遍存在的；然而，由于缺乏分子诊断方法，关于猪带绦虫和其他带绦虫的物种特异性证据仍然有限。这些发现表明迫切需要进行分子研究来准确鉴定环境基质中的带绦虫。一体化卫生干预措施，包括改善卫生条件、养猪管理、公共教育和提高诊断能力，对于减少绦虫污染和减轻流行地区相关的人畜共患病风险至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Survival of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) L3 exposed to different combinations of acetic acid and sodium chloride: In vitro observations 单一异尖线虫的存活L3暴露于醋酸和氯化钠的不同组合：体外观察

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00293

Kaan Kumas, Cyril Henard, Per Walter Kania, Kurt Buchmann

Parasitic nematode larvae within the family Anisakidae are important food-borne parasites with importance for consumer health and international trade. Apart from inactivation of larvae in fish products by heating and/or freezing, marination of herring fillets is widely used. The preferred marination process applies a solution with high contents of sodium chloride and acetic acid. We here describe the direct lethal effect on Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto) of different combinations of sodium chloride and acetic acid. We incubated a total of 1440 isolated worm larvae in 36 different combinations of sodium chloride and acetic acid over 8 weeks (w) at 5 °C. Worm mortality was correlated to incubation time, but acetic acid showed the strongest effect when compared to sodium chloride. Full worm mortality was induced by acetic acid (10 %) within 2 w and by 6 % acetic acid after 8 w. Sodium chloride was less effective as worms were alive in 10 % sodium chloride until 4 w and in 8 % until 8 w. A synergistic effect was noted as a combination of 4 % acetic acid and at least 2 % sodium chloride was effective within 6 w. At 8 w 2 % acetic acid combined with 6 % sodium chloride was found lethal for larvae. It cannot be excluded that worm larvae in host tissues will exhibit different mortality rates due to the protective effect of host cells.

寄生线虫是一种重要的食源性寄生虫，对消费者健康和国际贸易具有重要意义。除了通过加热和/或冷冻来灭活鱼类产品中的幼虫外，鲱鱼片的腌制方法也被广泛使用。首选的腌制方法是采用氯化钠和乙酸含量高的溶液。本文描述了氯化钠和醋酸的不同组合对单纯异尖线虫的直接致死作用。在5°C条件下，用36种不同的氯化钠和乙酸组合孵育1440只离体幼虫，孵育时间为8周(w)。虫虫死亡率与孵育时间有关，但与氯化钠相比，乙酸的影响最大。全虫醋酸引起的死亡率(10%)在2 w和6%醋酸后8 w。氯化钠和虫子还活着少有效在10%氯化钠直到4 w和8%到8 w。协同效应是指出组合4%醋酸和至少2%的氯化钠是有效的在6 w。8 w 2%乙酸结合6%氯化钠发现致命的幼虫。不能排除由于宿主细胞的保护作用，幼虫在宿主组织中会表现出不同的死亡率。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular epidemiology and cross-species transmission risk of Enterocytozoon bieneusi between humans and livestock: Evidence from Lishui, China 人与牲畜间双胞虫的分子流行病学及跨种传播风险：来自丽水的证据

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00292

Xialiang Ye , Ziran Mo , Qinghan Meng , Jingwei Quan , Bin Xu , Wei Ruan , Jianhua Zhao , Junxian Liu , Cuimei Li , Yang Yu , Yuwei Shan , Wenbin Yang , Lei Xiu , Wei Hu

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic parasite with a broad host range and public health significance. In China, livestock production is predominantly small-scale, with cattle and sheep commonly maintained under extensive or semi-intensive husbandry systems that lack adequate biosecurity measures. Lishui, Zhejiang Province, typifies this model, where intensive and non-intensive farming systems coexist, and where abundant rainfall and dense water networks facilitate pathogen transmission. A total of 588 fecal samples were collected from cattle (n = 175), sheep (n = 228), and humans (n = 185) across nine counties in Lishui. Nested PCR targeting the ITS region was used for detection and genotyping, followed by phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses. The overall infection rates were 32.9 % in sheep, 4.5 % in cattle, and 1.6 % in humans, with all human cases occurring in occupationally exposed farm workers. Significantly higher infection rates were observed in intensively managed herds and in young animals under one year of age (P < 0.05). Five genotypes were identified in sheep, among which BEB6 was predominant (80.0 %), while cattle harbored genotypes BEB8 and J. Human isolates comprised genotypes BEB6, J, and I. Phylogenetic analyses placed all identified genotypes within Group 2, and haplotype network reconstruction revealed 10 haplotypes, some of which were shared between human and livestock samples from the same farms. These findings highlight cross-species transmission risks under current farming practices and underscore the necessity for One Health-based surveillance and control strategies.

bieneusenterocytozoon bieneusi是一种人畜共患寄生虫，具有广泛的宿主范围和公共卫生意义。在中国，畜牧业生产主要是小规模的，牛羊通常在粗放或半集约化的畜牧业系统中饲养，缺乏适当的生物安全措施。浙江省丽水市是这种模式的典型，在那里集约化和非集约化农业系统并存，充足的降雨和密集的水网促进了病原体的传播。在丽水市9个县共收集牛（175例）、羊（228例）和人（185例）粪便样本588份。利用巢式PCR对ITS区域进行检测和基因分型，然后进行系统发育和单倍型网络分析。绵羊的总体感染率为32.9%，牛为4.5%，人类为1.6%，所有人类病例均发生在职业暴露的农场工人中。集约化管理的畜群和1岁以下的幼畜感染率显著高于集约化管理的畜群（P < 0.05）。在绵羊中鉴定出5种基因型，其中BEB6基因型占主导地位（80.0%），牛中鉴定出BEB8和J基因型。人类分离物包括BEB6、J和i基因型。系统发育分析表明，鉴定出的基因型均属于第2群，单倍型网络重建显示出10种单倍型，其中一些基因型在同一农场的人和牲畜样本中共有。这些发现突出了当前耕作方式下的跨物种传播风险，并强调了基于同一健康的监测和控制战略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Development of PCR, qPCR and LAMP methods for the detection of Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in the faeces of dogs and cats 犬、猫粪便中曼氏螺旋体PCR、qPCR和LAMP检测方法的建立

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00291

Wen Li, Xuan Xuan Song, Si Si Ru, Jie Hao, Cheng Yue Cao, Xi Zhang

Spirometra mansoni is an important zoonotic parasitic tapeworm that is transmitted mainly through the faeces of definitive hosts such as cats and dogs. However, there is currently no molecular detection method for S. mansoni in the faeces of definitive hosts. Here, a PCR assay for S. mansoni in the faeces of definitive hosts was developed, and the effects of the sampling site, sample storage temperature and duration on the detection results were evaluated. qPCR assays and LAMP assays targeting the cytb gene were performed with optimized primers, probe concentrations and annealing temperatures. The sensitivity and specificity of three assays, namely, PCR, qPCR and LAMP, were evaluated. Applications in the field were conducted using these established assays. The sensitivity of the cox1 gene to PCR was 0.7 ng/μL (egg-derived DNA) and 1.4 ng/μL (cat faecal DNA). The sampling site had no notable effect on the detection results, and target genes could still be effectively detected in samples after 180 days of storage at 37 °C, 25 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C and − 80 °C. The qPCR assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 100 copies/μL, with an amplification efficiency of 107.625 % (R² = 0.997), and the intrabatch/interbatch coefficients of variation (CVs) were < 5 %, indicating good repeatability and suitability for quantitative detection. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 7.47 pg/μL (cat faecal DNA) and 355.5 fg/μL (egg-derived DNA). All three assays showed good specificity and no cross-reaction with the DNA of other common parasites in cat and dog faeces. A total of 218 stool samples were tested using three assays, all of which were negative. Our study successfully established PCR, qPCR and LAMP detection systems for S. mansoni in the faeces of definitive hosts, with the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity and operational simplicity, which are suitable for early diagnosis of infection of definitive hosts with S. mansoni and for epidemiological assessment of the spillover risk of sparganosis.

曼氏肺metra mansoni是一种重要的人畜共患寄生虫绦虫，主要通过猫和狗等最终宿主的粪便传播。然而，目前尚无最终宿主粪便中曼氏链球菌的分子检测方法。本研究建立了一种检测终寄主粪便中的曼氏链球菌的PCR方法，并评估了采样地点、样本保存温度和时间对检测结果的影响。在优化的引物、探针浓度和退火温度下，对cytb基因进行qPCR和LAMP检测。评价PCR、qPCR和LAMP三种检测方法的敏感性和特异性。使用这些已建立的分析方法在现场进行了应用。cox1基因的PCR敏感性分别为0.7 ng/μL（蛋源DNA）和1.4 ng/μL（猫粪DNA）。采样位置对检测结果无显著影响，在37℃、25℃、4℃、- 20℃、- 80℃条件下保存180天后，样品仍能有效检测到目的基因。qPCR检测灵敏度为100拷贝/μL，扩增效率为107.625% (R2 = 0.997)，批内/批间变异系数（CVs）为5%，重复性好，适合定量检测。LAMP检测的灵敏度分别为7.47 pg/μL（猫粪便DNA）和355.5 fg/μL（蛋源DNA）。3种方法均具有良好的特异性，且与猫、狗粪便中其他常见寄生虫的DNA无交叉反应。共对218份粪便样本进行了三种化验，结果均为阴性。本研究成功建立了最终宿主粪便中曼氏梭菌的PCR、qPCR和LAMP检测系统，具有灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便等优点，适用于最终宿主感染曼氏梭菌的早期诊断和斯巴格纳病外溢风险的流行病学评估。

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引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in suspected human angiostrongyliasis cases and clinical manifestations in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand: a retrospective 18-year longitudinal study 泰国某三级医院怀疑人血管圆线虫病病例中广东管圆线虫的血清阳性率和临床表现：一项回顾性的18年纵向研究

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00290

Lakkhana Sadaow , Thidarat K. Prasongdee , Phuangphaka Sadee , Sureeporn Naonongwai , Patcharaporn Boonroumkaew , Rutchanee Rodpai , Oranuch Sanpool , Amnat Kitkhuandee , Verajit Chotmongkol , Kittisak Sawanyawisuth , Pewpan M. Intapan , Wanchai Maleewong

Human angiostrongyliasis, a foodborne parasitosis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis, is primarily characterized by eosinophilic meningitis (EOM), meningoencephalitis or myelitis. This study reports the seroprevalence of A. cantonensis among suspected cases of angiostrongyliasis and describes the clinical manifestations in patients with positive serological tests at a Thai tertiary care hospital over an 18-year period (2006–2023). Among 768 patients suspected of eosinophilic meningitis related to A. cantonensis infection, 353 (46 %) tested positive for A. cantonensis IgG antibodies. Most seropositive patients were from the northeast region of Thailand (308/353; 87.2 %). Among the seropositive patients, 13 % reported a history of consuming uncooked freshwater snails or other paratenic hosts. Headache was reported in 23.5 % of the patients, with 31.3 % (n = 26) experiencing acute severe headache. Fever and neck stiffness were present in 6.8 % and 6.5 % of the patients, respectively, while nausea and vomiting were observed in 7.9 %. In a subset of 56 seropositive patients who underwent lumbar puncture, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination was clear in 49 (87.5 %), cloudy in six (10.7 %), and xanthochromic in one case (1.8 %). The highest recorded CSF opening pressure was 600 mmHg, with a median pressure of 210 mmHg. The average CSF white blood cell count was 200 cells/mm³ (range: 0–2250 cells/mm³), with eosinophils constituting an average of 35 % (range: 1–90 %). These findings may be useful for clinicians in endemic regions as supportive information for clinical diagnosis.

人血管圆线虫病是一种由广东血管圆线虫引起的食源性寄生虫病，主要表现为嗜酸性脑膜炎（EOM）、脑膜脑炎或脊髓炎。本研究报告了18年间（2006-2023年）泰国一家三级医院疑似血管圆线虫病病例中广东棘球绦虫的血清阳性率，并描述了血清学检测阳性患者的临床表现。768例疑似广东单胞杆菌感染所致嗜酸性粒细胞性脑膜炎患者中，353例（46%）广东单胞杆菌IgG抗体阳性。大多数血清阳性患者来自泰国东北部地区（308/353;87.2%）。在血清呈阳性的患者中，13%报告有食用未煮熟的淡水蜗牛或其他副病原宿主的历史。23.5%的患者报告头痛，其中31.3% （n = 26）出现急性严重头痛。6.8%和6.5%的患者分别出现发热和颈部僵硬，而7.9%的患者出现恶心和呕吐。在56例行腰椎穿刺的血清阳性患者中，49例（87.5%）脑脊液（CSF）检查清晰，6例（10.7%）浑浊，1例（1.8%）黄色。最高记录的脑脊液开口压力为600 mmHg，中位压力为210 mmHg。脑脊液白细胞平均计数为200个细胞/mm3（范围：0-2250个细胞/mm3），嗜酸性粒细胞平均占35%（范围：1 - 90%）。这些发现可能对流行地区的临床医生有用，作为临床诊断的支持性信息。

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引用次数: 0

The avian schistosome Trichobilharzia franki in mice: Migration, pathogenicity, and the host immune response 禽弗兰基毛叉虫在小鼠中的迁移、致病性和宿主免疫反应

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00289

Tomáš Macháček , Roman Leontovyč , Jan Procházka , Alena Revalová , Martin Majer , Barbora Šmídová , Petr Horák

Cercarial dermatitis (CD; swimmer's itch) is a re-emerging skin disease caused by avian schistosomes, including Trichobilharzia franki. Here, we present morphological, genetic, and experimental evidence confirming the involvement of T. franki in recent CD outbreaks across Czechia. Ocellate furcocercariae were collected from Radix auricularia at four sites and identified as T. franki through ITS1 sequencing. Despite minor morphological differences from previously reported specimens, all isolates belonged to the genetically uniform T. franki “auricularia” clade. Experimental infection of mice with T. franki resulted in a ∼ 60 % penetration rate, accompanied by early-onset scratching and transient weight loss. Gross pathology demonstrated hemorrhages on lung surfaces and splenic atrophy at 2 days post-infection (dpi), along with a prominent enlargement of parotid lymph nodes at both 2 and 7 dpi. Histological examination of the skin revealed viable schistosomula, moderate leukocyte infiltration, epidermal hyperplasia, and the formation of hyperkeratotic crusts at 2 dpi. By 7 dpi, parasites were no longer detectable, but epidermal pathology persisted. In the lungs, eosinophil-rich foci and multifocal hemorrhages were observed at 2 dpi, transitioning to neutrophil-dominated lesions at 7 dpi, despite the absence of detectable schistosomula. Splenocytes from infected mice responded to homologous and heterologous cercarial antigens by producing IFN gamma, IL-4, and IL-10, indicating a mixed Th1/Th2/Treg profile and notable species cross-reactivity. However, parasite-specific IgG remained undetectable at 7 dpi. These findings confirm T. franki as the causative agent of CD outbreaks and underscore its capacity to induce localized and systemic pathology and immune response, cross-reacting with other schistosomes.

子宫颈皮炎（游泳者瘙痒）是一种由禽血吸虫引起的复发性皮肤病，包括弗兰基毛叉虫。在这里，我们提出形态学、遗传学和实验证据，证实弗兰基弓形虫参与了最近在捷克暴发的乳糜病。从木耳4个地点采集到细胞状毛尾蚴，经ITS1测序鉴定为franki绦虫。尽管与先前报道的标本有微小的形态学差异，但所有分离株都属于遗传上一致的弗兰基木耳菌支系。在实验中，小鼠感染弗兰基弓形虫导致约60%的穿刺率，并伴有早发性抓伤和短暂的体重减轻。大体病理显示感染后2天肺表面出血和脾萎缩，并在感染后2和7天腮腺淋巴结明显肿大。皮肤组织学检查显示活血吸虫，中度白细胞浸润，表皮增生，2 dpi处角化痂形成。到7 dpi时，寄生虫不再被检测到，但表皮病理仍然存在。在肺中，尽管没有检测到血吸虫，但在2 dpi时观察到嗜酸性粒细胞丰富的灶和多灶性出血，在7 dpi时转变为中性粒细胞为主的病变。感染小鼠的脾细胞通过产生IFN γ、IL-4和IL-10对同源和异源尾蚴抗原产生应答，表明Th1/Th2/Treg混合谱和显著的物种交叉反应性。然而，在7 dpi时仍未检测到寄生虫特异性IgG。这些发现证实了弗兰基弓形虫是乳糜泻暴发的病原体，并强调了其诱导局部和全身病理和免疫反应的能力，与其他血吸虫交叉反应。

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引用次数: 0

Decision-making and public health: How the prevalence of Contracaecum spp. larvae in market-size tilapia may influence fish sample-size to be inspected prior marketing 决策与公共卫生：市场规模罗非鱼中收缩绦虫幼虫的流行如何影响上市前需检查的鱼样本大小

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00288

Nadav Davidovich , Perla Tedesco , Monica Caffara , Ekaterina Minkova , Ortal Aflalo , Shoshi Hadar , Vicotoria Baramboim , Gavriel Goldstein , Ofer Cohen , Shani Glasner , Michal Perry Markovich , Danny Morick , Aurora Lattanzi , Andrea Gustinelli

Human consumption of raw or undercooked fish and fishery products may cause infection with foodborne parasitic nematodes, particularly of the family Anisakidae. Contracaecum species are cosmopolitan parasitic nematodes with numerous marine and freshwater fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts, rarely reported as zoonotic agents. Tilapia, of great importance to human nutrition in many countries, can harbor larval stages of diverse Contracaecum species. Accurate examination of fish before marketing is crucial to ensure public health. We conducted a two-year survey of market-size tilapia farmed in Israel originating from 17 tilapia farms to assess the presence of Contracaecum larvae, including a retrospective calculation of infection prevalence and analysis of the accuracy of larval detection with various sample sizes. Between June 2020 and May 2022, Contracaecum larvae were found in 269/3605 (7.5 %) tilapia shipments. In 217 of these 269 (80.7 %) shipments, only a single larva was found. Among 380 Contracaecum larvae collected, only two were identified as C. quadripapillatum; all others were identified as C. multipapillatum E. The probability of tilapia being parasitized with C. multipapillatum E larvae is much higher than with C. quadripapillatum. Moreover, in the vast majority of tilapia shipments infected with Contracaecum larvae, only a single specimen was infected. Considering this relatively low prevalence, in a sample size of 30 fish tested for the presence of nematode larvae, there is only a 40 % probability of finding an infected specimen. Decision-makers should consider, among other factors, the sample size of tilapia to be inspected before marketing to reduce the chances of parasitized fish reaching the end consumer.

人类食用生的或未煮熟的鱼和渔业产品可能导致食源性寄生虫感染，特别是八角虫科寄生虫感染。收缩绦虫是一种世界性的寄生线虫，以许多海洋和淡水鱼为中间宿主或副宿主，很少被报道为人畜共患病原体。罗非鱼对许多国家的人类营养具有重要意义，它可以孕育多种收缩虫物种的幼虫阶段。在销售前对鱼类进行准确检查，对确保公众健康至关重要。我们对以色列17个罗非鱼养殖场的市场规模罗非鱼进行了为期两年的调查，以评估收缩虫幼虫的存在，包括回顾性计算感染流行率和分析不同样本量下幼虫检测的准确性。2020年6月至2022年5月期间，269/3605批罗非鱼（7.5%）中发现了收缩绦虫幼虫。269批中有217批（80.7%）只发现1只幼虫。收集到的380只收缩螨幼虫中，鉴定为四乳头锥虫的仅有2只；罗非鱼被多乳头绦虫E幼虫寄生的概率远高于四乳头绦虫E幼虫。此外，在绝大多数感染收缩虫幼虫的罗非鱼运输中，只有一个标本被感染。考虑到这种相对较低的流行率，在30条鱼的样本量中，检测到线虫幼虫的存在，发现受感染标本的概率只有40%。除其他因素外，决策者应考虑在销售前检查罗非鱼的样本量，以减少寄生鱼到达最终消费者的机会。

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引用次数: 0

CX3CL1/CX3CR1 involved modulation of microglial activation and eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in angiostrongyliasis CX3CL1/CX3CR1参与血管圆线虫病小胶质细胞激活和嗜酸性脑膜脑炎的调节

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00284

Shih-Chan Lai , Yi-Hsin Wang , Cheng-You Lu , Shiang-Suo Huang , An-Chih Chen , Ke-Min Chen

Angiostrongylus cantonensis typically infects humans through the ingestion of contaminated food or water containing the larvae. A. cantonensis is a neurotropic parasitic nematode that causes eosinophilic meningitis in humans. Upon invasion of the CNS, A. cantonensis larvae elicit a pronounced immune response, rapidly activating microglia and triggering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis has been implicated in maintaining chronic microglial activation, which could exacerbate neuroinflammation. However, the precise role of this signaling pathway in angiostrongyliasis remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the mechanistic role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling in microglial activation and neuronal degeneration in CNS infections caused by A. cantonensis. We analyse the expression and downstream regulatory proteins using Western blotting and evaluate neuronal degeneration by Fluoro-Jade C staining in BALB/c mice infected with A. cantonensis. Infected mice showed a marked increase in the expression of Iba-1, CX3CL1, and CX3CR1, indicative of pronounced neuroinflammation. Concurrently, infection led to elevated p-tau accumulation and reduced NeuN expression, suggesting significant neuronal damage. Pharmacological inhibition of CX3CR1 using AZD8797 mitigated these effects by downregulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling and attenuating neuronal degeneration. Further analysis revealed that the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis activates the Nrf2/JNK/HO-1 pathway, contributing to oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory cascades. These findings establish the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis as a crucial regulator of microglial activation and neuroinflammation in A. cantonensis infection. Targeting this pathway can offer a viable therapeutic strategy to mitigate inflammation of the CNS and prevent neurodegenerative consequences.

广州管圆线虫通常通过摄入含有其幼虫的受污染食物或水而感染人类。广东棘球绦虫是一种嗜神经性寄生线虫，可引起人类嗜酸性脑膜炎。在入侵中枢神经系统后，广东棘球绦虫幼虫引起明显的免疫反应，迅速激活小胶质细胞并触发促炎细胞因子的释放。CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴参与维持慢性小胶质细胞激活，这可能加剧神经炎症。然而，这种信号通路在血管圆线虫病中的确切作用仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在阐明CX3CL1/CX3CR1信号通路在广东棘球蚴感染引起的中枢神经系统小胶质细胞激活和神经元变性中的机制作用。我们用Western blotting分析BALB/ C感染广东棘球蚴小鼠的表达和下游调控蛋白，用Fluoro-Jade C染色评价神经元变性。感染小鼠显示Iba-1、CX3CL1和CX3CR1的表达显著增加，表明明显的神经炎症。同时，感染导致p-tau积累升高和NeuN表达降低，提示显著的神经元损伤。AZD8797通过下调CX3CL1/CX3CR1信号传导和减轻神经元变性来减轻CX3CR1的药理抑制作用。进一步分析发现，CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴激活Nrf2/JNK/HO-1通路，参与氧化应激和神经炎症级联反应。这些发现证实了CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴是广东棘球蚴感染中小胶质细胞激活和神经炎症的重要调节因子。靶向这一途径可以提供一种可行的治疗策略，以减轻中枢神经系统的炎症和预防神经退行性后果。

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Editorial Board Page 编委会页面

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2405-6766(25)00032-0

引用次数: 0

Hyperinfection with Anisakis simplex sensu stricto: observations from a cluster of two cases in France 严格单感异尖线虫过度感染：来自法国两例聚集性病例的观察

IF 3.1 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2025.e00282

Manon Robert , Maureen Duflot , Fakhri Jeddi , Carelle Koudougou , Louise Durand , Florent Morio , Mélanie Gay , Patrice Le Pape , Rose-Anne Lavergne

Anisakidosis is an infection resulting from the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish products infected by Anisakidae larvae. Most infections are self-limiting in humans. We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who developed gastrointestinal symptoms after consumption of home-made ceviche of hake. Forty larvae of Anisakidae were removed during digestive fibroscopy. Based on a molecular method the larvae were identified as Anisakis simplex s. s. A second family member who had eaten the same meal was also diagnosed with anisakidosis. This cluster of two cases underlines the need to raise awareness of this disease in the general population and highlights the importance of cooking fish or freezing it prior to consumption in raw homemade dishes.

异角虫病是一种因食用生的或未煮熟的鱼产品而引起的感染，受异角虫科幼虫感染。大多数人类感染是自我限制的。我们报告一个70岁的妇女谁出现胃肠道症状后，食用自制酸橘汁腌鱼的鳕鱼。在消化纤维镜检查中取出四十只八角蝇幼虫。根据分子方法鉴定，该幼虫为单一异尖线虫。另一名吃过同一餐的家庭成员也被诊断为异尖线虫病。这两例聚集性病例突出表明有必要提高一般人群对这一疾病的认识，并突出表明在食用生的自制菜肴之前将鱼煮熟或冷冻的重要性。

引用次数: 0