Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

The diagnostic efficacy of bronchoscopy guided by hand-drawn mapping in the diagnosis of initial treatment for sputum-smear negative peripheral pulmonary tuberculosis 手工绘图引导支气管镜在痰涂片阴性周围性肺结核初治中的诊断效果

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100578

Yukun Tao , Xiuyan Liu , Yaning Liu , Yiming Ma , Yi Liu , Ming Ding

Background

This study aims to evaluate the clinical value and safety of hand–drawn mapping for bronchoscopic navigation combined with radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP–EBUS) in the diagnosis of primary peripheral sputum smear–negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPTB).

Methods

Patients suspected of having peripheral–type primary SNPTB, who were admitted to Southeast University Zhongda Hospital from 2021 to 2024, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy rate, and area under the receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curve were evaluated with different diagnostic methods.

Results

A total of 212 patients were enrolled, including 149 in the SNPTB group and 63 in the non–SNPTB group. The success rate of ultrasound bronchoscopy exploration is 90.6 %. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and AUC value of bronchoscopy guided by hand-drawn mapping were 92.6 %, 95.2 %, 93.4 %, and 0.939, respectively, which were superior to those of T-SPOT detection (P < 0.05). Among the various sampling methods, EBUS–guided bronchoalveolar lavage fluid metagenomic next–generation sequencing (EBUS–BALF mNGS) demonstrated the highest sensitivity (86.6 %), positive predictive value (89.6 %), and AUC (0.917).

Conclusions

For peripheral SNPTB, the combination of hand–drawn navigation and RP–EBUS is both safe and effective. EBUS–BALF mNGS demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficiency. When radial ultrasound detects hypoechoic areas of the lesion, it is recommended to perform BALF mNGS. Conversely, in solid lesions, the negative rate of BALF mNGS is relatively high, and combining mNGS with biopsy is recommended to further improve diagnostic efficiency.

本研究旨在评价支气管镜导航手绘定位联合桡骨探头支气管内超声（RP-EBUS）诊断原发性外周痰涂片阴性肺结核（SNPTB）的临床价值和安全性。方法回顾性分析东南大学中大医院2021 ~ 2024年收治的疑似外周型原发性SNPTB患者。患者分为两组。采用不同的诊断方法评价其敏感性、特异性、诊断准确率及ROC曲线下面积。结果共纳入212例患者，其中SNPTB组149例，非SNPTB组63例。超声支气管镜探查成功率为90.6%。手工绘制支气管镜的敏感性、特异性、诊断准确性和AUC值分别为92.6%、95.2%、93.4%和0.939，均优于T-SPOT检测（P < 0.05）。在各种采样方法中，ebus引导的支气管肺泡灌洗液宏基因组新一代测序（EBUS-BALF mNGS）灵敏度最高（86.6%），阳性预测值最高（89.6%），AUC最高（0.917）。结论手绘导航与RP-EBUS联合治疗外周性SNPTB安全有效。ebus - half mNGS的诊断效率最高。当径向超声检测到病变的低回声区域时，建议行半空超声。相反，在实性病变中，BALF mNGS的阴性率较高，建议将mNGS与活检相结合，以进一步提高诊断效率。

{"title":"The diagnostic efficacy of bronchoscopy guided by hand-drawn mapping in the diagnosis of initial treatment for sputum-smear negative peripheral pulmonary tuberculosis","authors":"Yukun Tao , Xiuyan Liu , Yaning Liu , Yiming Ma , Yi Liu , Ming Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the clinical value and safety of hand–drawn mapping for bronchoscopic navigation combined with radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP–EBUS) in the diagnosis of primary peripheral sputum smear–negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPTB).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients suspected of having peripheral–type primary SNPTB, who were admitted to Southeast University Zhongda Hospital from 2021 to 2024, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy rate, and area under the receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curve were evaluated with different diagnostic methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 212 patients were enrolled, including 149 in the SNPTB group and 63 in the non–SNPTB group. The success rate of ultrasound bronchoscopy exploration is 90.6 %. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and AUC value of bronchoscopy guided by hand-drawn mapping were 92.6 %, 95.2 %, 93.4 %, and 0.939, respectively, which were superior to those of T-SPOT detection (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Among the various sampling methods, EBUS–guided bronchoalveolar lavage fluid metagenomic next–generation sequencing (EBUS–BALF mNGS) demonstrated the highest sensitivity (86.6 %), positive predictive value (89.6 %), and AUC (0.917).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For peripheral SNPTB, the combination of hand–drawn navigation and RP–EBUS is both safe and effective. EBUS–BALF mNGS demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficiency. When radial ultrasound detects hypoechoic areas of the lesion, it is recommended to perform BALF mNGS. Conversely, in solid lesions, the negative rate of BALF mNGS is relatively high, and combining mNGS with biopsy is recommended to further improve diagnostic efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

U.S. Health department roles and challenges in conducting contact evaluation for tuberculosis aircraft contact investigations 美国卫生部门在肺结核飞机接触调查中进行接触评估的作用和挑战

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100589

Samantha Swisher , Marco M. Salerno , Alida Gertz , Katelynne Gardner Toren , Shannon Gearhart , Shu-Hua Wang , Douglas Weigelt , Laura Young , Elizabeth Zaborowski , Emily F. Squire , Yonette Hercules , Donna Hope Wegener , Sundari Mase

Objectives

To describe the experiences of U.S. tuberculosis (TB) program officials participating in contact investigations after TB exposures on aircraft in order to 1) characterize barriers to participation and 2) better understand reasons for low return of outcomes data.

Methods

We surveyed 51 TB professionals representing 47 jurisdictions about their experiences participating in TB aircraft contact investigations coordinated by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Results

Most jurisdictions (43/47, 91%) reported that they attempt an evaluation for every contact in their jurisdiction, and a smaller proportion (33/47, 70%) reported that they always participate in voluntary return of outcomes to CDC. Approaches to distributing and completing requests for evaluation were highly variable, but in most cases (32/47, 68%) involved contributions by both state and local jurisdictions. Common challenges in evaluating contacts included difficulty reaching exposed individuals due to incorrect locating information or contact non-responsiveness (36/47, 76%), as well as limited staffing (24/47, 51%) and resources (17/47, 36%). Barriers to returning outcomes to CDC included (for states) difficulty getting responses from local jurisdictions (24/38, 63%), limited staff (17/47, 36%), and limited resources (16/47, 34%).

Public health implications

Many high-income, low TB burden countries, including the United States, conduct TB aircraft contact investigations, but limited available data suggest that TB transmission on aircraft is likely rare and not well-documented. Given the substantial challenges many jurisdictions reported, it may be appropriate for CDC to reconsider its approach to investigating TB exposure events on aircraft.

目的描述美国结核病（TB）项目官员在飞机上接触结核病后参与接触调查的经验，以便1)描述参与的障碍，2)更好地理解结果数据低回报的原因。方法对来自47个司法管辖区的51名结核病专业人员进行调查，了解他们参与由美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）协调的结核病飞机接触调查的经历。结果大多数司法管辖区（43/ 47.91%）报告称，他们试图对辖区内的每个接触者进行评估，而较小比例的司法管辖区（33/ 47.70%）报告称，他们总是自愿将结果返回给疾病预防控制中心。分配和完成评估请求的方法差异很大，但在大多数情况下（32/ 47,68%）涉及州和地方司法管辖区的贡献。评估接触者的常见挑战包括由于定位信息不正确或接触者无反应而难以接触暴露者（36/47,76%），以及人员配备有限（24/47,51%）和资源有限（17/47,36%）。向疾病预防控制中心返回结果的障碍包括（对州而言）难以从地方司法管辖区获得答复（24/38,63%）、人员有限（17/47,36%）和资源有限（16/47,34%）。公共卫生影响包括美国在内的许多高收入、低结核病负担国家开展了结核病飞机接触调查，但有限的现有数据表明，飞机上的结核病传播可能很罕见，而且没有得到充分的记录。鉴于许多司法管辖区报告的重大挑战，疾病预防控制中心可能需要重新考虑其调查飞机上结核病暴露事件的方法。

{"title":"U.S. Health department roles and challenges in conducting contact evaluation for tuberculosis aircraft contact investigations","authors":"Samantha Swisher , Marco M. Salerno , Alida Gertz , Katelynne Gardner Toren , Shannon Gearhart , Shu-Hua Wang , Douglas Weigelt , Laura Young , Elizabeth Zaborowski , Emily F. Squire , Yonette Hercules , Donna Hope Wegener , Sundari Mase","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the experiences of U.S. tuberculosis (TB) program officials participating in contact investigations after TB exposures on aircraft in order to 1) characterize barriers to participation and 2) better understand reasons for low return of outcomes data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We surveyed 51 TB professionals representing 47 jurisdictions about their experiences participating in TB aircraft contact investigations coordinated by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most jurisdictions (43/47, 91%) reported that they attempt an evaluation for every contact in their jurisdiction, and a smaller proportion (33/47, 70%) reported that they always participate in voluntary return of outcomes to CDC. Approaches to distributing and completing requests for evaluation were highly variable, but in most cases (32/47, 68%) involved contributions by both state and local jurisdictions. Common challenges in evaluating contacts included difficulty reaching exposed individuals due to incorrect locating information or contact non-responsiveness (36/47, 76%), as well as limited staffing (24/47, 51%) and resources (17/47, 36%). Barriers to returning outcomes to CDC included (for states) difficulty getting responses from local jurisdictions (24/38, 63%), limited staff (17/47, 36%), and limited resources (16/47, 34%).</div></div><div><h3>Public health implications</h3><div>Many high-income, low TB burden countries, including the United States, conduct TB aircraft contact investigations, but limited available data suggest that TB transmission on aircraft is likely rare and not well-documented. Given the substantial challenges many jurisdictions reported, it may be appropriate for CDC to reconsider its approach to investigating TB exposure events on aircraft.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in tuberculosis treatment: Towards shorter, safer, and more effective therapies 结核病治疗的最新进展：迈向更短、更安全、更有效的治疗

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100582

Katherine Timboe , J.Brooks Jackson , Greta L. Becker

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the leading infectious cause of death globally. Although effective treatments are available, treatment length, drug toxicity, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains have challenged TB control efforts. Current clinical trials are focused on developing shorter, safer, and more effective regimens that incorporate both new and repurposed agents for the treatment of TB. This narrative review provides an overview of current and emerging treatment options for drug-susceptible, drug-resistant, and latent TB based on recent clinical trials and WHO guidelines.

由结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病是全球导致死亡的主要传染性原因。虽然有有效的治疗方法，但治疗时间、药物毒性和耐药菌株的出现给结核病控制工作带来了挑战。目前的临床试验侧重于开发更短、更安全、更有效的方案，其中包括用于治疗结核病的新药物和重新利用的药物。这篇叙述性综述根据最近的临床试验和世卫组织指南，概述了目前和新出现的药物敏感、耐药和潜伏性结核病的治疗方案。

引用次数: 0

Epidemiologic trajectories and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) mortality across South Asia: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease data (1990–2023) with machine learning forecasting to 2050 南亚地区耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）死亡率的流行病学轨迹和负担：全球疾病负担数据分析（1990-2023），机器学习预测到2050年

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100580

Ibrahim Khalil , Sakib Abrar , I.M. Khalid Reza , Md. Imran Hossain , Mst. Mahmuda Akter , Farhana Sultana

Background

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in South Asia, which bears a disproportionate global burden. Comprehensive, longitudinal analyses of MDR-TB mortality trends, stratified by country and sex, with forward-looking projections are limited.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 to examine age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) attributable to MDR-TB in South Asia and its countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan) from 1990 to 2023. Trends were assessed by sex, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated via log-linear regression. Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models were employed to forecast ASMR through 2050, with 95% prediction intervals.

Results

Regional ASMR rose from 0.25 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.03–0.88) in 1990 to a peak of 6.34 (95% UI: 2.56–13.56) in 2010, declining to 3.63 (95% UI: 0.54–9.80) by 2023, driven predominantly by India and Pakistan. Nepal exhibited consistent declines (EAPC: −2.44%; 95% CI: −3.21 to −1.66), while Pakistan showed the highest increase (EAPC: 6.16%; 95% CI: 3.21–9.19). Males consistently had higher ASMR across all settings. Forecasts suggest continued declines toward near-elimination in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal, but potential substantial rebounds in India, Pakistan, and regionally, with upper prediction intervals exceeding 20–40 per 100,000 by 2050 in high-burden scenarios.

Conclusion

Despite progress in some countries, MDR-TB mortality remains elevated in populous nations, with persistent male excess. Projections highlight risks of resurgence without intensified interventions. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored, gender-sensitive strategies and enhanced regional collaboration to achieve End TB targets in South Asia.

背景耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）仍然是南亚的一个主要公共卫生挑战，它承担着不成比例的全球负担。按国家和性别分层的耐多药结核病死亡率趋势的综合纵向分析以及前瞻性预测是有限的。方法我们使用来自2023年全球疾病负担研究的数据进行回顾性分析，以检查1990年至2023年南亚及其国家（孟加拉国、不丹、印度、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦）耐多药结核病的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）。按性别评估趋势，并通过对数线性回归计算估计的年百分比变化（EAPC）。采用季节自回归综合移动平均（SARIMA）模型预测到2050年的ASMR，预测区间为95%。结果区域ASMR从1990年的0.25 / 10万（95% UI: 0.03 ~ 0.88）上升到2010年的峰值6.34 / 10万（95% UI: 2.56 ~ 13.56），到2023年下降到3.63 / 10万（95% UI: 0.54 ~ 9.80），主要受印度和巴基斯坦的驱动。尼泊尔表现出持续的下降（EAPC: - 2.44%; 95% CI: - 3.21至- 1.66），而巴基斯坦表现出最高的增长（EAPC: 6.16%; 95% CI: 3.21 - 9.19）。在所有情况下，男性的ASMR始终较高。预测表明，孟加拉国、不丹和尼泊尔的人口将继续下降，接近消失，但印度、巴基斯坦和本地区可能出现大幅反弹，在高负担情景下，到2050年，预测区间的上限将超过每10万人20-40人。结论：尽管在一些国家取得了进展，但在人口众多的国家，耐多药结核病死亡率仍然居高不下，男性死亡率持续偏高。预测强调，如果不加强干预，疫情有卷土重来的风险。这些发现强调，迫切需要制定有针对性的、对性别问题敏感的战略并加强区域合作，以实现南亚的终止结核病目标。

{"title":"Epidemiologic trajectories and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) mortality across South Asia: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease data (1990–2023) with machine learning forecasting to 2050","authors":"Ibrahim Khalil , Sakib Abrar , I.M. Khalid Reza , Md. Imran Hossain , Mst. Mahmuda Akter , Farhana Sultana","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in South Asia, which bears a disproportionate global burden. Comprehensive, longitudinal analyses of MDR-TB mortality trends, stratified by country and sex, with forward-looking projections are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 to examine age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) attributable to MDR-TB in South Asia and its countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan) from 1990 to 2023. Trends were assessed by sex, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated via log-linear regression. Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models were employed to forecast ASMR through 2050, with 95% prediction intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regional ASMR rose from 0.25 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.03–0.88) in 1990 to a peak of 6.34 (95% UI: 2.56–13.56) in 2010, declining to 3.63 (95% UI: 0.54–9.80) by 2023, driven predominantly by India and Pakistan. Nepal exhibited consistent declines (EAPC: −2.44%; 95% CI: −3.21 to −1.66), while Pakistan showed the highest increase (EAPC: 6.16%; 95% CI: 3.21–9.19). Males consistently had higher ASMR across all settings. Forecasts suggest continued declines toward near-elimination in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal, but potential substantial rebounds in India, Pakistan, and regionally, with upper prediction intervals exceeding 20–40 per 100,000 by 2050 in high-burden scenarios.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite progress in some countries, MDR-TB mortality remains elevated in populous nations, with persistent male excess. Projections highlight risks of resurgence without intensified interventions. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored, gender-sensitive strategies and enhanced regional collaboration to achieve End TB targets in South Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of food insecurity on hazardous alcohol consumption and psychological well-being among people with tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda 粮食不安全对乌干达坎帕拉结核病患者危险酒精消费和心理健康的影响

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100575

Jonathan Izudi , Saidi Appeli , Francis Bajunirwe

Rationale

Food insecurity (FI), hazardous alcohol consumption (HAC), and poor mental health are common among people with tuberculosis (TB), yet empirical evidence on their interrelationships remains limited.

Objective

We evaluated the effect of FI on HAC and psychological well-being among people with pulmonary TB in Kampala, Uganda.

Methods

We collected data across five TB clinics and constructed a quasi-experimental design. FI was the exposure, measured using the FI Experience Scale (FIES). FIES scores range between 0 and 8, and individuals were classified as food insecure if they scored ≥ 4. The primary outcome was HAC, assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) tool. Participants with AUDIT scores ≥ 16, indicating high-risk drinking or possible alcohol dependence, were categorized as having HAC. The secondary outcome was psychological well-being measured using the World Health Organization’s Five Well-Being Index, with a total score of <15 indicating poor psychological well-being. We used doubly robust estimation to report causal risk ratios (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).

Results

Of 818 participants, 475 (58.1 %) were from food-insecure households, 153 (18.7 %) had HAC, and 316 (38.6 %) had poor psychological well-being. FI was independently associated with HAC (RR 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.21–1.69), but not poor psychological well-being (RR 1.06, 95 % CI: 0.81–1.37).

Conclusion

FI is associated with a higher likelihood of HAC but not psychological well-being among people with TB in Kampala, Uganda. Given their high prevalence, there is a need to address food insecurity, HAC, and poor psychological well-being within TB control programs.

食物不安全（FI）、危险饮酒（HAC）和精神健康状况不佳在结核病患者中很常见，但关于它们之间相互关系的经验证据仍然有限。目的评价FI对乌干达坎帕拉肺结核患者HAC和心理健康的影响。方法收集5家结核病诊所的数据，构建准实验设计。FI是暴露，使用FI体验量表（FIES）测量。FIES得分范围在0到8之间，如果得分≥4，则被归类为粮食不安全。主要终点是HAC，使用酒精使用障碍鉴定测试（AUDIT）工具进行评估。审计评分≥16分的参与者，表明高危饮酒或可能的酒精依赖，被归类为HAC。次要结果是心理健康，使用世界卫生组织的五种幸福指数来衡量，总分为15表示心理健康状况不佳。我们使用双稳健估计来报告因果风险比（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）。结果818名参与者中，475名（58.1%）来自粮食不安全家庭，153名（18.7%）患有HAC， 316名（38.6%）心理健康状况不佳。FI与HAC独立相关（RR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21-1.69），但与不良心理健康无关（RR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.81-1.37）。结论：在乌干达坎帕拉的结核病患者中，fi与HAC的高可能性相关，但与心理健康无关。鉴于其高流行率，有必要在结核病控制规划中解决粮食不安全、HAC和心理健康不良问题。

{"title":"Effect of food insecurity on hazardous alcohol consumption and psychological well-being among people with tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda","authors":"Jonathan Izudi , Saidi Appeli , Francis Bajunirwe","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><div>Food insecurity (FI), hazardous alcohol consumption (HAC), and poor mental health are common among people with tuberculosis (TB), yet empirical evidence on their interrelationships remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We evaluated the effect of FI on HAC and psychological well-being among people with pulmonary TB in Kampala, Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected data across five TB clinics and constructed a quasi-experimental design. FI was the exposure, measured using the FI Experience Scale (FIES). FIES scores range between 0 and 8, and individuals were classified as food insecure if they scored ≥ 4. The primary outcome was HAC, assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) tool. Participants with AUDIT scores ≥ 16, indicating high-risk drinking or possible alcohol dependence, were categorized as having HAC. The secondary outcome was psychological well-being measured using the World Health Organization’s Five Well-Being Index, with a total score of <15 indicating poor psychological well-being. We used doubly robust estimation to report causal risk ratios (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 818 participants, 475 (58.1 %) were from food-insecure households, 153 (18.7 %) had HAC, and 316 (38.6 %) had poor psychological well-being. FI was independently associated with HAC (RR 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.21–1.69), but not poor psychological well-being (RR 1.06, 95 % CI: 0.81–1.37).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>FI is associated with a higher likelihood of HAC but not psychological well-being among people with TB in Kampala, Uganda. Given their high prevalence, there is a need to address food insecurity, HAC, and poor psychological well-being within TB control programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenesis of tubercular retinal vasculitis: An ongoing quest 结核性视网膜血管炎的发病机制：一个正在进行的探索

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100583

Ikhwanuliman Putera , Rina La Distia Nora , Saskia M. Rombach , P. Martin van Hagen , Willem A. Dik

引用次数: 0

Comments on “Tuberculosis infection control in MDR-TB designated hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China” 对“江苏省耐多药结核病定点医院结核感染控制情况”的评价

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100581

Sushma Narsing Katkuri , Varshini Vadhithala , Arun Kumar , Sushma Verma , Dhanya Dedeepya

引用次数: 0

Treatment outcomes among patients with mycobacterial blood stream infection in a tertiary hospital:a retrospective study form 2019 to 2023 某三级医院分枝杆菌血流感染患者的治疗结果：2019年至2023年的回顾性研究

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100573

Liangzi Yang , Houming Liu , Senlin Zhan , Hongjuan Qin , Peize Zhang

Background

Mycobacteria are rare causes of blood stream infections (BSI). Mycobacterial BSI is associated with a significantly increased risk of early death compared with other bacterial blood infectious diseases. Clinical characteristics and mortality rate of different Mycobacteria BSI remain unclear.

Methods

A retrospective study of patients with positive mycobacterial blood cultures hospitalized between January 1, 2019, and June 30, 2023, at Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, a 1500-bed tertiary university-affiliated hospital in southern China, was performed. Clinical characteristics and mortality rate of patients with different Mycobacteria BSI were reviewed and analyzed.

Results

Forty-one hospitalized patients with positive mycobacterium blood cultures were identified. Of the 41 participants, 37 (90.2 %) were newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. 7 (17.1 %) BSI was caused by M. tuberculosis and 34 (82.9 %) was by non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Twelve patients died, with an overall mortality rate of 29.3 %. The median day from admission to death is 24 days. More than 70 % (30/41) of patients were treated with three or more antibiotics for mycobacterial BSI. The mortality rate was higher in the TB-BSI group compared to the NTM-BSI group (57.1 % vs. 23.5 %, p = 0.110). The median time from hospital admission to death was similar for both groups (NTM-BSI: 27.5 days; TB-BSI: 19 days).

Conclusion

The mortality rate of patients with mycobacterial BSI is high. Mycobacterial BSI occur mostly in severely ill patients with HIV/AIDS. TB-BSI was associated with a higher mortality rate compared to NTM-BSI.

分枝杆菌是引起血流感染（BSI）的罕见原因。与其他细菌性血液传染病相比，分枝杆菌BSI与早期死亡风险显著增加有关。不同分枝杆菌BSI的临床特点和死亡率尚不清楚。方法对2019年1月1日至2023年6月30日在深圳市第三人民医院住院的分枝杆菌血培养阳性患者进行回顾性研究，该医院是一所拥有1500个床位的南方三级大学附属医院。回顾分析不同分枝杆菌BSI患者的临床特点及死亡率。结果共检出41例分枝杆菌血培养阳性的住院患者。在41名参与者中，37人（90.2%）是新诊断为艾滋病毒/艾滋病。结核分枝杆菌感染7例（17.1%），非结核分枝杆菌感染34例（82.9%）。12例死亡，总死亡率为29.3%。从入院到死亡的平均天数为24天。超过70%（30/41）的患者接受了三种或三种以上抗生素治疗BSI分枝杆菌。TB-BSI组的死亡率高于NTM-BSI组（57.1%比23.5%,p = 0.110）。两组患者入院至死亡的中位时间相似（NTM-BSI: 27.5天；TB-BSI: 19天）。结论BSI分枝杆菌致死率高。分枝杆菌BSI主要发生在艾滋病毒/艾滋病重症患者中。与NTM-BSI相比，TB-BSI与更高的死亡率相关。

{"title":"Treatment outcomes among patients with mycobacterial blood stream infection in a tertiary hospital:a retrospective study form 2019 to 2023","authors":"Liangzi Yang , Houming Liu , Senlin Zhan , Hongjuan Qin , Peize Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mycobacteria are rare causes of blood stream infections (BSI). Mycobacterial BSI is associated with a significantly increased risk of early death compared with other bacterial blood infectious diseases. Clinical characteristics and mortality rate of different Mycobacteria BSI remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study of patients with positive mycobacterial blood cultures hospitalized between January 1, 2019, and June 30, 2023, at Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, a 1500-bed tertiary university-affiliated hospital in southern China, was performed. Clinical characteristics and mortality rate of patients with different Mycobacteria BSI were reviewed and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-one hospitalized patients with positive mycobacterium blood cultures were identified. Of the 41 participants, 37 (90.2 %) were newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. 7 (17.1 %) BSI was caused by <em>M. tuberculosis</em> and 34 (82.9 %) was by non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Twelve patients died, with an overall mortality rate of 29.3 %. The median day from admission to death is 24 days. More than 70 % (30/41) of patients were treated with three or more antibiotics for mycobacterial BSI. The mortality rate was higher in the TB-BSI group compared to the NTM-BSI group (57.1 % vs. 23.5 %, p = 0.110). The median time from hospital admission to death was similar for both groups (NTM-BSI: 27.5 days; TB-BSI: 19 days).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The mortality rate of patients with mycobacterial BSI is high. Mycobacterial BSI occur mostly in severely ill patients with HIV/AIDS. TB-BSI was associated with a higher mortality rate compared to NTM-BSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The critical link between TB infection control process and clinical impact: need for efficacy data and MDR-TB specificity 结核病感染控制过程与临床影响之间的关键联系：对疗效数据和耐多药结核病特异性的需求

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100577

Parth Aphale, Shashank Dokania, Himanshu Shekhar

The study by Song et al. [1] detailing the significant improvements in Tuberculosis Infection Control (TBIC) implementation rates across designated hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China, provides valuable data on the feasibility of programmatic interventions in high-burden settings. The demonstrated rise in compliance for Administrative Controls (AC), Environmental Controls (EC), and Respiratory Protection (RP) is commendable. However, as scholars focused on global TB elimination, we must constructively appraise whether measuring implementation rates adequately captures the desired public health impact, particularly in facilities designated for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Song等人的研究详细介绍了中国江苏省指定医院结核病感染控制（TBIC）执行率的显著改善，为高负担环境中规划干预的可行性提供了宝贵的数据。行政控制（AC）、环境控制（EC）和呼吸保护（RP）的合规性的提高值得称赞。然而，随着学者们关注全球结核病消除，我们必须建设性地评估衡量执行率是否充分反映了期望的公共卫生影响，特别是在指定用于耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）的设施中。

引用次数: 0

Patient’s features, clinical patterns and outcomes of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections: A 10-year retrospective analysis from a third level university hospital 非结核分枝杆菌感染的患者特征、临床模式和预后：来自某三级大学医院的10年回顾性分析

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100584

Maria Mazzitelli , Anna Ferrari , Giacomo Berti , Davide Leoni , Francesco Colombo , Samuele Gardin , Vincenzo Scaglione , Daniele Mengato , Fausto Braccioni , Umberto Semenzato , Paolo Spagnolo , Mariaenrica Tinè , Andrea Vianello , Annamaria Cattelan , Andrea Sattin

Background

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) increasingly recognized as clinically relevant pathogens, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and patients with structural lung disease. Despite their growing clinical impact, real-world data on NTM infections in Europe remain limited.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adults diagnosed with NTM infections at a 1700-bed tertiary care hospital in Italy between 2015 and 2024. Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, radiological and microbiological findings, treatment regimens, and outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with treatment failure, overall mortality, and NTM-attributable mortality.

Results

Among 149 treated patients (median age: 68 years; 60.4% female), the most prevalent species were Mycobacterium avium (38.9%), M. intracellulare (29.5%), and M. kansasii (8.7%). Pulmonary disease was observed in 87.9%, with radiologic findings commonly including nodules (67.8%) and bronchiectasis (64.6%). Clinical cure was achieved in 52.3%, while 47.7% experienced treatment failure. The relapse rate was 9.4%. All-cause and NTM-attributable mortality were 14.8% and 4.7%, respectively. Treatment failure was significantly associated with cavitary disease. Attributable mortality was independently associated with older age, , previous tuberculosis, cancer, autoimmune disorders, and use of nebulized amikacin.

Conclusions

NTM infections remain challenging to manage, particularly among patients with comorbidities and immunosuppression. Our findings highlight the need for individualized care strategies, multidisciplinary approach, improved diagnostics, and enhanced surveillance of NTM infections in Europe.

背景：非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）越来越被认为是临床相关的病原体，特别是在免疫功能低下的个体和患有结构性肺病的患者中。尽管它们的临床影响越来越大，但欧洲NTM感染的实际数据仍然有限。方法：我们对意大利一家拥有1700个床位的三级医院2015年至2024年间诊断为NTM感染的成人进行了回顾性队列研究。收集了人口统计学、合并症、放射学和微生物学发现、治疗方案和结果的数据。进行多变量Cox回归分析以确定与治疗失败、总死亡率和ntm归因死亡率相关的因素。结果149例患者（中位年龄68岁，女性60.4%）中，以鸟分枝杆菌（38.9%）、胞内分枝杆菌（29.5%）和堪萨斯分枝杆菌（8.7%）最为常见。肺部疾病占87.9%，影像学表现通常包括结节（67.8%）和支气管扩张（64.6%）。临床治愈率为52.3%，治疗失败率为47.7%。复发率为9.4%。全因死亡率和ntm归因死亡率分别为14.8%和4.7%。治疗失败与空洞病显著相关。归因死亡率与年龄、既往结核病、癌症、自身免疫性疾病和雾化阿米卡星的使用独立相关。结论sntm感染仍然具有挑战性，特别是在有合并症和免疫抑制的患者中。我们的研究结果强调了欧洲需要个性化护理策略、多学科方法、改进诊断和加强对NTM感染的监测。

{"title":"Patient’s features, clinical patterns and outcomes of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections: A 10-year retrospective analysis from a third level university hospital","authors":"Maria Mazzitelli , Anna Ferrari , Giacomo Berti , Davide Leoni , Francesco Colombo , Samuele Gardin , Vincenzo Scaglione , Daniele Mengato , Fausto Braccioni , Umberto Semenzato , Paolo Spagnolo , Mariaenrica Tinè , Andrea Vianello , Annamaria Cattelan , Andrea Sattin","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2026.100584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) increasingly recognized as clinically relevant pathogens, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and patients with structural lung disease. Despite their growing clinical impact, real-world data on NTM infections in Europe remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adults diagnosed with NTM infections at a 1700-bed tertiary care hospital in Italy between 2015 and 2024. Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, radiological and microbiological findings, treatment regimens, and outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with treatment failure, overall mortality, and NTM-attributable mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 149 treated patients (median age: 68 years; 60.4% female), the most prevalent species were Mycobacterium avium (38.9%), M. intracellulare (29.5%), and M. kansasii (8.7%). Pulmonary disease was observed in 87.9%, with radiologic findings commonly including nodules (67.8%) and bronchiectasis (64.6%). Clinical cure was achieved in 52.3%, while 47.7% experienced treatment failure. The relapse rate was 9.4%. All-cause and NTM-attributable mortality were 14.8% and 4.7%, respectively. Treatment failure was significantly associated with cavitary disease. Attributable mortality was independently associated with older age, , previous tuberculosis, cancer, autoimmune disorders, and use of nebulized amikacin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NTM infections remain challenging to manage, particularly among patients with comorbidities and immunosuppression. Our findings highlight the need for individualized care strategies, multidisciplinary approach, improved diagnostics, and enhanced surveillance of NTM infections in Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0