Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Tuberculosis and drug resistance in a region of Southern Italy among native and foreign-born populations: A twelve-year province-based study","authors":"Salvatore Rotundo ,&nbsp;Salvatore Nisticò ,&nbsp;Helen Linda Morrone ,&nbsp;Luigia Gallo ,&nbsp;Saveria Dodaro ,&nbsp;Carmelo Papola ,&nbsp;Pasquale Minchella ,&nbsp;Giovanni Matera ,&nbsp;Francesca Greco ,&nbsp;Luigi Principe ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Antonio Surace ,&nbsp;Francesco Lucia ,&nbsp;Francesca Serapide ,&nbsp;Alessandro Russo ,&nbsp;Carlo Torti ,&nbsp;Enrico Maria Trecarichi ,&nbsp;the Calabria TB group","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming for a 95% reduction in TB deaths by 2030. Disparities in TB detection persist, particularly regarding gender, immigration status, and resistance patterns. In Calabria, Italy—a key entry point for migrants from high-TB-incidence regions—TB poses a notable public health risk. This multicenter, retrospective study examines newly diagnosed TB cases in Calabria from 2012 to 2023, focusing on rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB).</div><div>During this period, 800 TB cases were diagnosed, with 270 (33.7 %) in native-born Italians and 530 (66.2 %) in foreign-born individuals, showing significant differences in age (p &lt; 0.001) and gender (p = 0.013). Among 685 patients of this cohort with available HIV status, 24 (3.5 %) were people living with HIV (PLWH), primarily from Africa, and diagnosed at higher rates of RR-TB (p &lt; 0.001). TB cases varied by province, correlating with specific birthplaces. A total of 27 (3.4 %) RR-TB cases were identified, with heightened resistance to multiple drugs. Among these strains, 20 (74.1 %) were isoniazid-resistant (MDR-TB).</div><div>This study underscores the need for comprehensive TB control strategies, especially regarding co-infection with HIV and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, emphasizing the importance of early detection and tailored management in Southern Italy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perforating ENL: A variant of type 2 lepra reaction","authors":"Bhakti Sarda ,&nbsp;Bhushan Madke ,&nbsp;Vikrant Saoji ,&nbsp;Ambika Kondalkar","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lepra reactions are acute episodic inflammatory reactions that occur during illness due to abrupt changes in the body’s immunological response against Mycobacterium leprae. These are of two types, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 reaction is also called Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL).</div><div>The common skin lesion in ENL is a red, tender, raised lesion. Subcutaneous nodules can also appear. The skin lesions may present as vesicles, pustules, or bulla. They can also develop ulcers and become necrotic. Some patients may experience skin lesions that resemble those seen in erythema multiforme. A rare desquamative rash may occur, which needs to be differentiated from a drug-related rash. Healing lesions may leave scars that may become inflamed during ENL flare-ups. In rare instances, there may be no skin lesions suggesting ENL.</div><div>Reactive perforating type of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a rare type 2 lepra reaction occurrence, observed in lepromatous leprosy and borderline lepromatous cases. It is linked with the involvement of several organs, so if diagnosis and treatment are delayed, it can result in complications and a grim prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discordance of 3rd and 4th generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold assays by pregnancy stages in India","authors":"Vandana Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Mallika Alexander ,&nbsp;Ramesh Bhosale ,&nbsp;Divyashri Jain ,&nbsp;Prasad Deshpande ,&nbsp;Emily Shira Gitlin ,&nbsp;Arthi Vaidyanathan ,&nbsp;Andrea Chalem ,&nbsp;Shilpa Naik ,&nbsp;Nikhil Gupte ,&nbsp;Neelu Nawani ,&nbsp;Amita Gupta ,&nbsp;Jyoti Mathad","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pregnancy and HIV affect CD4+ T lymphocytes and impact performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT). We compared the results of QFT with QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), which also measures CD8+ responses to TB antigens, during pregnancy and postpartum.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We screened 516 pregnant women for TB infection (TBI) with IGRA. From 165 IGRA + pregnant women, QFT vs QFT-Plus results were compared at delivery and postpartum. Longitudinal changes in QFT-Plus were assessed in 74 pregnant women who received QFT-Plus testing at pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through cross-sectional analysis of the IGRA + cohort, QFT-Plus showed higher positivity than QFT (80 % vs 65 %, p = 0.04) at delivery but no difference postpartum. Among 35 women with HIV, QFT-Plus returned more positive results than QFT at delivery and postpartum (76 % vs 47 %, p = 0.08; 90 % vs 80 %, p = 0.54), though not statistically significant. Longitudinally, QFT-Plus positivity by TB1 or TB2 was highest antepartum vs. delivery and postpartum (74 % vs. 58 % vs. 62 %; p = 0.09) and performed better than TB1 alone (100 % vs 90 %, p = 0.04) in women without HIV but not in women with HIV.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Performance of QFT-Plus was consistent across pregnancy, including at delivery when QFT positivity is lower. QFT-Plus may enhance antenatal TBI detection among pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buruli ulcer: Current landscape, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Rie R. Yotsu ,&nbsp;Richard O. Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Patient perceptions of video directly observed therapy for tuberculosis: a systematic review” [J. Clin. Tuberc. Other Mycobact. Dis 35 (2024) 100406]","authors":"Angela Mak ,&nbsp;Rumia Owaisi ,&nbsp;Leah Goldschmidt ,&nbsp;Ilo-Katryn Maimets ,&nbsp;Amrita Daftary","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary management of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis","authors":"Zelalem Temesgen,&nbsp;James T. Gaensbauer,&nbsp;John W. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculous meningitis-related ischemic stroke: A retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Xuhui Deng ,&nbsp;Qiuhui Huang ,&nbsp;Hua Huang ,&nbsp;Shengri Chen ,&nbsp;Xue Wang ,&nbsp;Zhijian Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are at high risk of ischemic stroke, and stroke is a poor prognosticator of TBM. However, reports regarding the predictors of stroke in TBM patients are scanty. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and predictors of tuberculous meningitis-related ischemic stroke (TBMRIS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted among TBM patients without traditional vascular risk factors from a tertiary care hospital between January 2017 and November 2022. Patients were divided into TBMRIS group and TBM-only group according to presence of stroke. Clinical, laboratory and radiological variables were compared between the two groups. Predictors of stroke were identified using binary logistic regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 176 TBM patients were included in the study. Forty-nine patients with stroke were classified as TBMRIS group and 127 patients without stroke were classified as TBM-only group. In TBMRIS group, 41 (83.7 %) patients experienced stroke within 3 months after the onset of meningitis symptoms and 10 (20.4 %) patients presented silent stroke. Stroke occurred in basal ganglia in 57.1 % of patients. About 73.5 % of patients showed multiple stroke lesions and 38.8 % of patients had stroke involving multiple vascular territories. There were significant differences in focal neurological deficit, stage of meningitis, short-term outcome, serum sodium, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cell count, CSF adenosine deaminase (ADA), CSF protein, leptomeningeal enhancement, tuberculoma between TBMRIS group and TBM-only group. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that focal neurological deficit, CSF white cell count and leptomeningeal enhancement were the independent risk factors for stroke, and tuberculoma was negatively correlated with stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Most of TBMRIS develop within 3 months after the onset of meningitis symptoms and basal ganglia is the most frequent site. Multiple stroke lesions and involvement of multiple vascular territories are commonly observed. Focal neurological deficit, CSF white cell count and leptomeningeal enhancement are the predictors of stroke in patients with TBM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-centers machine learning analysis for predicting acid-fast bacilli results in tuberculosis sputum tests","authors":"Jichong Zhu ,&nbsp;Yong Zhao ,&nbsp;Chengqian Huang ,&nbsp;Chenxing Zhou ,&nbsp;Shaofeng Wu ,&nbsp;Tianyou Chen ,&nbsp;Xinli Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic respiratory infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, typically diagnosed through sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) to assess the infectivity of TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study enrolled 769 patients, including 641 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University as the training group, and 128 patients from Guangxi Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as the validation group. Among the training cohort, 107 patients were AFB-positive, and 534 were AFB-negative. In the validation cohort, 24 were AFB-positive, and 104 were AFB-negative. Blood samples were collected and analyzed using machine learning (ML) methods to identify key factors for TB diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Several ML methods were compared, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) was selected to construct a nomogram diagnostic model. The area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic model was 0.721 in the training cohort and 0.758 in the validation cohort. The model demonstrated clinical utility when the threshold was between 38% and 94%, with the NONE line above the ALL line in the decision curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We developed a diagnostic model using multiple ML methods to predict AFB results, achieving satisfactory diagnostic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-tuberculous bronchiectasis in adults: The never-ending story","authors":"Jose Daniel Gómez-Olivas,&nbsp;Grace Oscullo,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Martínez-García","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44073320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 policies and tuberculosis services in private health sectors of India, Indonesia, and Nigeria","authors":"Nathaly Aguilera Vasquez ,&nbsp;Charity Oga-Omenka ,&nbsp;Vijayashree Yellappa ,&nbsp;Bony Wiem Lestari ,&nbsp;Angelina Sassi ,&nbsp;Surbhi Sheokand ,&nbsp;Bolanle Olusola-Faleye ,&nbsp;Lavanya Huria ,&nbsp;Laura Jane Brubacher ,&nbsp;Elaine Baruwa ,&nbsp;Bachti Alisjahbana ,&nbsp;Madhukar Pai","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges in the field of global health. Nigeria, Indonesia and India are three high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries with large private health sectors. Both TB and the private health sector faced challenges in these countries because of COVID-19. This study aimed to compare the COVID-19 control measures and policies in the provision of TB care services and gain insights from policymakers on how the pandemic affected the provision of TB services in the private healthcare sector, how each country adapted, and identify lessons learned for health system preparedness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted among a purposive sample of 11 national and sub-national policymakers in each country. Thematic content analysis was conducted on the data collected using an adapted WHO Health Equity Policy Framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed three policy dimensions under costs, access, and quality. Under healthcare costs, policymakers highlighted resource allocation and diversion of TB resources to COVID response, and increased operational costs for private provider. Under healthcare access, key themes included reduced TB case detection due to fear of COVID-19, disrupted diagnostic services, and adaptations such as extended medicine supplies and tele-consultations. Under healthcare quality, themes included compromised TB diagnostic accuracy due to similar respiratory symptoms with COVID-19, and strain on laboratory infrastructure due to competing demands from both diseases. Policymakers across the three countries pointed to the need for strengthening private–public partnerships (PPP) for healthcare service delivery and continued private sector investment to facilitate the continuity of TB care within a pandemic context.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this study provide an overview of the impact of the pandemic from the perspective of private facilities and policymakers in Nigeria, Indonesia and India, which can inform future policy and ways forward in strengthening PPP for healthcare service delivery in high TB burden countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}