The design of common Operating System Command and Response Languages (OSCL/OSRL) requires as a basis the definition of a user's view of the command system. This paper discusses this view, defines key concepts (session, session-blocks) as they relate to a user's information producing task. Desirable language features are discussed along with suggestions for methods of developing common OSCL/OSRL.
{"title":"A basis for the design of Operating System Command and Response Languages","authors":"H. Sayani","doi":"10.1145/800191.805619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805619","url":null,"abstract":"The design of common Operating System Command and Response Languages (OSCL/OSRL) requires as a basis the definition of a user's view of the command system. This paper discusses this view, defines key concepts (session, session-blocks) as they relate to a user's information producing task. Desirable language features are discussed along with suggestions for methods of developing common OSCL/OSRL.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"7 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132606352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The File Design Analyzer, an analytical model for evaluating storage structures, has been applied to the problem of comparative performance with respect to individual data processing activities ranging from random retrievals to batch update and complex query specification. Performance is defined in terms of I/O processing time so that meaningful quantitative tradeoffs for multiple data processing applications can be determined. The model has been extended to further evaluate storage structures in terms of three levels of secondary storage contention and interference. Considerable insight into database design has been obtained from performance statistics provided by the analytical model. Relative storage structure performance is shown to be highly dependent upon the types of data processing activities required. Less significantly, it is also dependent on how the database is allowed to grow over time and on the level of secondary storage contention.
{"title":"Analysis of storage structure performance for multiple data processing activities","authors":"T. Teorey, John W. DeHeus","doi":"10.1145/800191.805597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805597","url":null,"abstract":"The File Design Analyzer, an analytical model for evaluating storage structures, has been applied to the problem of comparative performance with respect to individual data processing activities ranging from random retrievals to batch update and complex query specification. Performance is defined in terms of I/O processing time so that meaningful quantitative tradeoffs for multiple data processing applications can be determined. The model has been extended to further evaluate storage structures in terms of three levels of secondary storage contention and interference.\u0000 Considerable insight into database design has been obtained from performance statistics provided by the analytical model. Relative storage structure performance is shown to be highly dependent upon the types of data processing activities required. Less significantly, it is also dependent on how the database is allowed to grow over time and on the level of secondary storage contention.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125234821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An algorithmist is a person skilled in the art of devising, expressing, verifying, analyzing, and testing algorithms. Though a great deal has been written about the verification and analysis of algorithms, remarkably little attention has been paid to the issue of algorithm synthesis. In this paper a taxonomy of algorithms is presented. Each category is explained and example algorithms are pointed to which exhibit its characteristics.
{"title":"The art of the algorithmist","authors":"E. Horowitz","doi":"10.1145/800191.805636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805636","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithmist is a person skilled in the art of devising, expressing, verifying, analyzing, and testing algorithms. Though a great deal has been written about the verification and analysis of algorithms, remarkably little attention has been paid to the issue of algorithm synthesis. In this paper a taxonomy of algorithms is presented. Each category is explained and example algorithms are pointed to which exhibit its characteristics.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127071331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is the second in a series of two tutorial sessions featuring letures from the 1975-76 SIGSAM Lecture Program. Prof. Lipson's tutorial will discuss the Cooley-Tukey fast Fourier transform, and algorithm which has truly revolutionized large scale time series analysis. Prof. Horowitz presents a taxonomy of algorithms with examples of algorithms in each category.
{"title":"SIGSAM (Tutorial Session)","authors":"J. D. Lipson, E. Horowitz, D. Musser","doi":"10.1145/800191.805634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805634","url":null,"abstract":"This is the second in a series of two tutorial sessions featuring letures from the 1975-76 SIGSAM Lecture Program. Prof. Lipson's tutorial will discuss the Cooley-Tukey fast Fourier transform, and algorithm which has truly revolutionized large scale time series analysis. Prof. Horowitz presents a taxonomy of algorithms with examples of algorithms in each category.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133805051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donna Senzig, G. Frieder, W. Wilner, S. Habib, H. Barsamian
Current notions on computer architecture vary from the superficial-the shape of the cabinetry (with blinking lights, of course) - to abstract definitions of functional structures for information processing systems. An “orthodox” view of computer architecture underlies all these notions. This session will present a wide range of views on the future computer architecture: the “orthodox” evolutionary change and, finally the totally “unorthodox.”
{"title":"SIGMICRO (Panel Session)","authors":"Donna Senzig, G. Frieder, W. Wilner, S. Habib, H. Barsamian","doi":"10.1145/800191.805579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805579","url":null,"abstract":"Current notions on computer architecture vary from the superficial-the shape of the cabinetry (with blinking lights, of course) - to abstract definitions of functional structures for information processing systems. An “orthodox” view of computer architecture underlies all these notions. This session will present a wide range of views on the future computer architecture: the “orthodox” evolutionary change and, finally the totally “unorthodox.”","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125697102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines one case of building a statewide academic computing network. The current structure of the academic and administrative computer system will be examined, followed by a discussion of factors in the growth of system use by essentially uninitiated computer users. Both the factors contributing to this growth process and those which tended to impede it will be examined.
{"title":"The process of growth in a statewide educational computing system: the California example","authors":"James L. Ross, M. Hayes","doi":"10.1145/800191.805642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines one case of building a statewide academic computing network. The current structure of the academic and administrative computer system will be examined, followed by a discussion of factors in the growth of system use by essentially uninitiated computer users. Both the factors contributing to this growth process and those which tended to impede it will be examined.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"303 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123203049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Presentations will focus on current research in effective strategies for visual representation of information in a graphical context. Topics of concern are: What combination of textual and graphical information is most effective for a given purpose? What are advantages of color vs. black and white? When is a dynamic or evolving presentation more effective than a static one? What do we know about effectiveness of various positions in the display and time of exposure? How little information is needed to convey a given idea?
{"title":"SIGCUE (Paper and Panel Session)","authors":"E. E. Green, A. Bork, B. Bowman, A. Morton","doi":"10.1145/800191.805556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805556","url":null,"abstract":"Presentations will focus on current research in effective strategies for visual representation of information in a graphical context. Topics of concern are: What combination of textual and graphical information is most effective for a given purpose? What are advantages of color vs. black and white? When is a dynamic or evolving presentation more effective than a static one? What do we know about effectiveness of various positions in the display and time of exposure? How little information is needed to convey a given idea?","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"30 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114118873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Fry, Richard H. Godlove, H. Kepner, Edgar Sibly, W. Steiger, George G. Dodd
The rapid growth in the design and use of Data Base Systems was the basis for an ACM/NBS sponsored workshop on Evolving Data Base Technology in October, 1975. The purpose of the workshop was to develop guidelines and advice on the evolution of data base technology. Specifically, a position paper was developed describing the types of technology which will be evolving during the next five to ten years, the effect of this evolution and the new work needed to develop alternatives or to guide the evolution of data base systems in a reasonable direction. Workshop participants will be discussing the conclusions of the three day meeting. Topics which were considered include data base specification, use of programming aids, data base tuning, availability of data bases, error recovery and data independence. Others are data base architecture, distributed data base systems, data base models, relational inferences, natural languages and data base semantics.
{"title":"SIGMOD(Panel Session): next steps","authors":"J. Fry, Richard H. Godlove, H. Kepner, Edgar Sibly, W. Steiger, George G. Dodd","doi":"10.1145/800191.805604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805604","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth in the design and use of Data Base Systems was the basis for an ACM/NBS sponsored workshop on Evolving Data Base Technology in October, 1975. The purpose of the workshop was to develop guidelines and advice on the evolution of data base technology. Specifically, a position paper was developed describing the types of technology which will be evolving during the next five to ten years, the effect of this evolution and the new work needed to develop alternatives or to guide the evolution of data base systems in a reasonable direction.\u0000 Workshop participants will be discussing the conclusions of the three day meeting. Topics which were considered include data base specification, use of programming aids, data base tuning, availability of data bases, error recovery and data independence. Others are data base architecture, distributed data base systems, data base models, relational inferences, natural languages and data base semantics.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122704251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most current natural language understanding systems utilize parsers whose control structures are based on simulating non-deterministic machines. This paper presents a design for an implementation of a parser that attempts to operate deterministically. The discussion focuses on mechanisms that allow grammar rules to diagnose what grammatical structure should be built next at each point during the analysis process. An example grammar is presented, and a sample parse is discussed at length to illustrate these mechanisms.
{"title":"A design for a parser for English","authors":"Mitchell P. Marcus","doi":"10.1145/800191.805527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805527","url":null,"abstract":"Most current natural language understanding systems utilize parsers whose control structures are based on simulating non-deterministic machines. This paper presents a design for an implementation of a parser that attempts to operate deterministically. The discussion focuses on mechanisms that allow grammar rules to diagnose what grammatical structure should be built next at each point during the analysis process. An example grammar is presented, and a sample parse is discussed at length to illustrate these mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126992907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sociological theories of change in formal organizations are brought to bear on acceptance of computer technology in support of social science research and teaching in colleges and universities. The paper employs theory based on general studies of organizational change to sensitize organizational planners to issues and problems specifically related to computing.
{"title":"Organizational change and educational computing","authors":"J. Sonquist","doi":"10.1145/800191.805641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800191.805641","url":null,"abstract":"Sociological theories of change in formal organizations are brought to bear on acceptance of computer technology in support of social science research and teaching in colleges and universities. The paper employs theory based on general studies of organizational change to sensitize organizational planners to issues and problems specifically related to computing.","PeriodicalId":379505,"journal":{"name":"ACM '76","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132786697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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