Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.04
Adam Grydehøj, Huan Zhang
Islands and archipelagos are exceptionally dependent on the nature of their transport infrastructure, with cross-sea transport links being of fundamental importance for mobility. Traditionally, the island geography research literature has engaged in a binary and oppositional understanding of the relationship between fixed links such as bridges and tunnels on the one hand and waterborne transport such as ferries on the other. The present paper uses the case of Zhoushan Archipelago (Zhejiang Province, China) to challenge this perception of fixed links and waterborne transport as inherently conflictual by showing how these distinct modes of cross-sea transport have complemented one another and fundamentally altered archipelagic mobilities. We show that even transformative transport infrastructures do not necessarily simply replace existing infrastructures but may instead add to the complexity of the local transport network. In Zhoushan Archipelago, a vast network of new and future inter-island and island-mainland road and rail bridges and tunnels are altering local industry and society as well as the relationship between the archipelago and the mainland, yet ferries remain important for transport between islands and between certain islands and the mainland. We argue that it is fruitful to consider the potential complementarity of different kinds of cross-sea transport links.
{"title":"Complementarity of island cross-sea transport links: Bridges, ferries, and mobility in Zhoushan Archipelago, China","authors":"Adam Grydehøj, Huan Zhang","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Islands and archipelagos are exceptionally dependent on the nature of their transport infrastructure, with cross-sea transport links being of fundamental importance for mobility. Traditionally, the island geography research literature has engaged in a binary and oppositional understanding of the relationship between fixed links such as bridges and tunnels on the one hand and waterborne transport such as ferries on the other. The present paper uses the case of Zhoushan Archipelago (Zhejiang Province, China) to challenge this perception of fixed links and waterborne transport as inherently conflictual by showing how these distinct modes of cross-sea transport have complemented one another and fundamentally altered archipelagic mobilities. We show that even transformative transport infrastructures do not necessarily simply replace existing infrastructures but may instead add to the complexity of the local transport network. In Zhoushan Archipelago, a vast network of new and future inter-island and island-mainland road and rail bridges and tunnels are altering local industry and society as well as the relationship between the archipelago and the mainland, yet ferries remain important for transport between islands and between certain islands and the mainland. We argue that it is fruitful to consider the potential complementarity of different kinds of cross-sea transport links.","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45623485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.07
D. Fernandez, M. D. Angeles, R. D. R. Obeña, P. Tolentino, E. L. C. Villanueva, Inocencio E. Buot
This study presents the first checklist of the lesser known terrestrial biodiversity in forests over limestone karst of Calicoan Island in Guiuan Marine Reserve Protected Landscape and Seascape, Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines. Plants and terrestrial vertebrate species in nine 20x20 m plots and 18 line transects were recorded and identified. A total of 60 bird, eight reptile, one amphibian, and six mammal species were recorded. Moreover, a total of 41 floral species were documented belonging to 17 plant families and 24 genera. Of the plant species recorded, 5 were shrubs and 35 were trees. This study reported a new locality record of the Philippine endemic tree species Hancea wenzeliana, and new island records for fauna such as Varanus samarensis and Cyrtodactylus sumuroi, among many others. To date, the present study is the only assessment of herpetofauna and mammals in Guiuan and represent new island records for most of these taxa in Calicoan Island. Among plants, Shorea negrosensis, Aquilaria cuminigiana and Wallaceodendron celebicum were identified to have a vulnerable conservation status based on their IUCN Red List and DENR-DAO 2017-11. These native and endemic plants can be used for reforestation programs in the area, and conserving biodiversity in general will be crucial to potential ecotourism programs.
{"title":"Fauna and Flora of Forests Over Limestone in Calicoan Island, Guiuan Marine Reserve Protected Landscape and Seascape (GMRPLS), Eastern Samar, Philippines","authors":"D. Fernandez, M. D. Angeles, R. D. R. Obeña, P. Tolentino, E. L. C. Villanueva, Inocencio E. Buot","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the first checklist of the lesser known terrestrial biodiversity in forests over limestone karst of Calicoan Island in Guiuan Marine Reserve Protected Landscape and Seascape, Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines. Plants and terrestrial vertebrate species in nine 20x20 m plots and 18 line transects were recorded and identified. A total of 60 bird, eight reptile, one amphibian, and six mammal species were recorded. Moreover, a total of 41 floral species were documented belonging to 17 plant families and 24 genera. Of the plant species recorded, 5 were shrubs and 35 were trees. This study reported a new locality record of the Philippine endemic tree species Hancea wenzeliana, and new island records for fauna such as Varanus samarensis and Cyrtodactylus sumuroi, among many others. To date, the present study is the only assessment of herpetofauna and mammals in Guiuan and represent new island records for most of these taxa in Calicoan Island. Among plants, Shorea negrosensis, Aquilaria cuminigiana and Wallaceodendron celebicum were identified to have a vulnerable conservation status based on their IUCN Red List and DENR-DAO 2017-11. These native and endemic plants can be used for reforestation programs in the area, and conserving biodiversity in general will be crucial to potential ecotourism programs.","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48516985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.11
Min-ho Yang, Joonhwan Kim
This study used the experience satisfaction index from the PKNU Maritime Index to examine Koreans' preference for marine experience and use the findings as basic data for policymaking in the future. The PKNU Maritime Index of Koreans was 585.3 out of 1,000, and the experience satisfaction index was 63.6. By focusing on the experience satisfaction index, this study confirmed that the PKNU Maritime Index had changed dynamically. The analysis showed that compared to the sub-domains of the PKNU Maritime Index, the degree of experience satisfaction had continued to increase after the introduction of the index. This paper further studied the correlation and influence between the marine experience factors and the satisfaction index. Above all, this study's results are expected to provide practical implications for establishing policy alternatives related to marine experience in the Northeast Asian sea region and be used as basic data for future research.
{"title":"A Study on the Relationship between the Marine Experience Factors and the Satisfaction Index of the Northeast Asian Sea Region in the PKNU Maritime Index","authors":"Min-ho Yang, Joonhwan Kim","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study used the experience satisfaction index from the PKNU Maritime Index to examine Koreans' preference for marine experience and use the findings as basic data for policymaking in the future. The PKNU Maritime Index of Koreans was 585.3 out of 1,000, and the experience satisfaction index was 63.6. By focusing on the experience satisfaction index, this study confirmed that the PKNU Maritime Index had changed dynamically. The analysis showed that compared to the sub-domains of the PKNU Maritime Index, the degree of experience satisfaction had continued to increase after the introduction of the index. This paper further studied the correlation and influence between the marine experience factors and the satisfaction index. Above all, this study's results are expected to provide practical implications for establishing policy alternatives related to marine experience in the Northeast Asian sea region and be used as basic data for future research.","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45962152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.06
E. Macusi, Christian Dave Tipudan
Bioturbation is an important process in the soft-bottom ecosystem to return nutrients in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bioturbation activities on the growth of mangrove saplings (Rhizophora apiculata). A caging experiment using a total of 16 plots each measuring 1 × 1 m containing two mangrove saplings in each plot (N=32 saplings) with eight caged and eight uncaged plots were placed randomly in Guang-guang, Davao Oriental, Philippines. The set-up was monitored for five months. The length of internode, number of nodes, leaves and length of branches of the saplings were measured and counted. In addition, the number of mounds, holes and fiddler crabs were also counted in the uncaged, marked plots to determine their activities. Result of the comparison of the number of holes, mounds, and fiddler crabs showed high significant differences with the number of holes in the sediment being greater in the uncaged set-ups (holes > mounds = fiddler crab; P<0.001). Further, the result based on t-test showed high significant differences in terms of internode length (uncaged=35.68 cm vs caged=33.19 cm; t-value=-5.15; P<0.001), number of nodes (uncaged=8.70 vs caged=6.75; t-value=-8.55; P<0.001), and branch length (uncaged=6.0 cm vs caged=5.24 cm; t-value= -2.73, P=0.008) as well as for the number of leaves (uncaged=7.12 vs caged=6.0 leaves; t-value=-4.83, P<0.001). The study concludes that bioturbation by fiddler crabs can affect the growth of saplings.
生物扰动是软底生态系统向环境中归还营养物质的重要过程。本研究旨在评价生物扰动活动对红树幼树生长的影响。在菲律宾达沃东部广广地区，随机设置16个面积为1 × 1 m的样地，每个样地2棵红树(N=32棵)，8个笼化样地和8个非笼化样地。该装置被监测了五个月。测量和计算了树苗的节间长度、节数、叶片和分枝长度。此外，还统计了未圈养的标记地块中丘、洞和招潮蟹的数量，以确定它们的活动情况。孔数、丘数和招潮蟹数的比较结果显示，无笼组沉积物孔数较大(孔数>丘=招潮蟹;P < 0.001)。此外，基于t检验的结果显示，在节间长度方面存在高度显著差异(未圈养=35.68 cm vs笼养=33.19 cm;t值= -5.15;P<0.001)，淋巴结数(未捆绑=8.70 vs捆绑=6.75;t值= -8.55;P<0.001)，分支长度(未笼化=6.0 cm vs笼化=5.24 cm;t值= -2.73,P=0.008)以及叶片数量(未笼养=7.12 vs笼养=6.0叶片;t值= -4.83,P < 0.001)。研究认为招潮蟹的生物扰动会影响树苗的生长。
{"title":"Effects of bioturbation of fiddler crabs in relation to the growth of mangrove saplings (Rhizophora apiculata) in a mangrove reforested area","authors":"E. Macusi, Christian Dave Tipudan","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Bioturbation is an important process in the soft-bottom ecosystem to return nutrients in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bioturbation activities on the growth of mangrove saplings (Rhizophora apiculata). A caging experiment using a total of 16 plots each measuring 1 × 1 m containing two mangrove saplings in each plot (N=32 saplings) with eight caged and eight uncaged plots were placed randomly in Guang-guang, Davao Oriental, Philippines. The set-up was monitored for five months. The length of internode, number of nodes, leaves and length of branches of the saplings were measured and counted. In addition, the number of mounds, holes and fiddler crabs were also counted in the uncaged, marked plots to determine their activities. Result of the comparison of the number of holes, mounds, and fiddler crabs showed high significant differences with the number of holes in the sediment being greater in the uncaged set-ups (holes > mounds = fiddler crab; P<0.001). Further, the result based on t-test showed high significant differences in terms of internode length (uncaged=35.68 cm vs caged=33.19 cm; t-value=-5.15; P<0.001), number of nodes (uncaged=8.70 vs caged=6.75; t-value=-8.55; P<0.001), and branch length (uncaged=6.0 cm vs caged=5.24 cm; t-value= -2.73, P=0.008) as well as for the number of leaves (uncaged=7.12 vs caged=6.0 leaves; t-value=-4.83, P<0.001). The study concludes that bioturbation by fiddler crabs can affect the growth of saplings.","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46915393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.05
E. L. C. Villanueva, I. Buot
{"title":"Useful Plants of the Alangan Mangyan of Halcon Range, Mindoro Island, Philippines","authors":"E. L. C. Villanueva, I. Buot","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44511596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.04
A. Tatsis, Angeliki Geronteli, E. Michailidou
{"title":"An Approach to the Worth-Living Integrated Development of Small Isolated Greek Islands: The Case of Agios Efstratios Isl., Northern Aegean","authors":"A. Tatsis, Angeliki Geronteli, E. Michailidou","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41908012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.03
N. A. Abreo, S. Siblos, E. Macusi
{"title":"Anthropogenic Marine Debris (AMD) in Mangrove Forests of Pujada Bay, Davao Oriental, Philippines","authors":"N. A. Abreo, S. Siblos, E. Macusi","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45947470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.01
A. Caringal, I. Buot, E. L. C. Villanueva
{"title":"Analysis of human and Philippine teak forest interaction in the lasang-baybay landscape along Verde Island Passage Marine Corridor, Batangas Province, Philippines","authors":"A. Caringal, I. Buot, E. L. C. Villanueva","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.06
Sung-soon Kim
{"title":"Saviors who come from the Sea and Earth: The Jinin (眞人) of Korea and Miroku (ミロク) of Japan","authors":"Sung-soon Kim","doi":"10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/jmic.2020.09.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine and Island Cultures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45308743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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