Journal of Interprofessional Education and Practice最新文献

Background

Advanced-level nursing education is intended to prepare nurses for the pinnacle of their profession with curricular competencies defined by The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education.¹

Methods

In place of the standard in-person Intensive Course Abroad (ICA) experience previously embedded in a global leadership course, a virtual global classroom was mutually designed and implemented to benefit two advanced-level nursing student populations due to the pandemic.

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to address the identified gap in evidence illuminating how virtual global classrooms can enhance advanced-level graduate nursing education in preparing global nurse leaders.

Results

The aim to fulfill course learning objectives and augment advanced-level nursing students’ clinical competence in global nursing practice was met beyond intended expectations.

Conclusion

Pioneering of this innovative endeavor contributes to the growing body of knowledge about how virtual global classrooms can facilitate interprofessional education and augment preparation of culturally competent advanced-level nursing leaders.

Digital therapies (DTx) are software-generated therapeutic interventions directly to patients developed to prevent, manage or treat a disease. They figure as an emerging phenomenon within the scientific landscape which is attracting considerable international interest. In the absence of any in-depth study in the current international scientific literature, this review aimed to provide an overview of the definition and classification of DTx and the main issues relating to clinical studies, ethical implications and gray areas in the international regulatory processes, eventually providing an in-depth look focused on the American and European regulatory landscape. It emerged that DTx are not contemplated in a homogeneous way by the European legislation currently in force. This lack would risk incorrectly classifying real therapies, subjected to clinical trials, often very different from each other and with a real impact on patients’ health, causing several critical issues both of safety and guarantee of access to treatment. Since the great potential of DTx will be only exploited when there is an appropriate regulatory framework which frame and define the field, the implementation of a stable regulatory system complementing conventional drug prescriptions is needed as soon as possible. Besides, TDx-specific research ethics, patient-centered care, as well as training and education of health professionals need strengthened and consolidated interprofessional cooperation in order to address the new skills, competences and challenges posed by DTx-related practices.

Purpose

In 2007, the World Health Organization launched the Programme on Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice to emphasize the importance of interprofessional education (IPE). Since then, numerous IPE reviews have focused on what has been implemented and evaluated. The purpose of this review was to explore how IPE has been implemented and evaluated in research.

Methods

The following aspects of IPE research were explored: 1) disciplines included; 2) authorship patterns, 3) assessment focus, and 4) dissemination trends. Abstracts were screened before a full text screening, review, data extraction, analysis and audit. Frequency and percentages were reported for categorical data while means and standard deviations were reported for continuous data. Chi-squared analyses examined differences between groups for categorical variables.

Results

Three-hundred and fifty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Authors from medical, nursing, and pharmacy schools published most frequently, with a majority using quantitative or mixed-methods techniques. Most studies involved a student discipline without an author from that discipline. Most studies also evaluated student perceptions and student knowledge, with few measuring faculty perceptions. Studies were also mostly conducted in classes, simulations, and experiential settings. IPE research was published in 98 journals, most of which were interdisciplinary journals, with the largest increase in publications in the most recent year of the review.

Conclusion

IPE research has grown substantially over the past 10 years. Consideration should be given to expanding IPE research methodologies, strategically publishing IPE findings, and promoting authorship representation for any student discipline involved in IPE.

Introduction

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is essential in all health care services delivery including maternity care, particularly in emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC). Ideally, the obstetric team would work together in dynamic and complex situations to deliver quality care and achieve optimal patient outcomes. The current study explored IPC experience among healthcare providers working in maternity service and providing EmONC in Rwanda. The purpose was to understand from clinicians’ perspectives the benefits and barriers to achieving effective collaboration while managing EmONC.

Method

A qualitative descriptive case study was conducted in five district hospitals in the Northern province of Rwanda. The study involved 25 healthcare professionals, including nurses, midwives, medical doctors, and non-physician anesthetists working in maternity units from selected district hospitals.

Findings

Participants highlighted several benefits of effective IPC, such as reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, reducing stress, and better-quality service delivery in general. However, participants expressed challenges to successful IPC related to power relation issues affecting communication and other IPC competencies. Also, a stressful work environment characterized by a shortage of staff and lack of necessary resources was identified as a barrier to effective IPC.

Conclusion

and recommendations: IPC is an important aspect to consider in delivering quality EmONC since failure in effective IPC can lead to compromised patients’ outcomes and increased stress among healthcare providers. Therefore, it is imperative that policymakers, health professional educators, and clinicians identify strategies to improve interprofessional working relationships and contribute to quality obstetric and neonatal care in order to achieve the best maternal and neonatal-related sustainable development goals in Rwanda.

Background and purpose

It remains challenging to implement and sustain Interprofessional Training Units (ITUs) for equipping health professional students with competencies that are essential for providing collaborative patient-centered care. In this qualitative study, we aimed to identify types of motivation of IPE tutors, the factors that influence their motivation and how these factors can be used to facilitate implementation and sustenance of ITUs.

Methods

We interviewed twelve midwifery and nursing tutors of an ITU on a maternity ward regarding their motivation for their role as tutors. Content analysis was performed on the data.

Results

IPE tutors had various types of motivation for guiding interprofessional groups of healthcare students. Key factors influencing their motivation included appreciation for their role, perceived effectiveness of their guidance, learning from others, and a balance between their roles as health care professional (HCP) and tutor.

Discussion and conclusion

HCPs serving as IPE tutors can be moved from controlled to autonomous motivation through enhancement of their feelings of autonomy, competence and relatedness, by providing tutors with operational support and professional development opportunities. Being a tutor also seems to foster the HCPs' professional identity. Further research is required to determine how tutors’ professional, interprofessional and tutor identities influence IPE outcomes for all stakeholders.

Introduction

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is the gold standard for safe, high-quality, and accessible patient-centered care. This study aims to assess IPC core competencies among Lebanese healthcare providers from different professions and explore the influence of several factors, including leadership, work ethics, and specialty, on healthcare IPC in Lebanon.

Methods

This cross-sectional online survey enrolled 245 healthcare workers in Lebanon between July and December 2021. The Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) Competency Self-Assessment Tool Version 3 was used to assess IPC. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to compare the total competency scale and subscales between the leadership group, work ethic, specialty, and education level, taking into account potential confounding variables, namely, age and gender.

Results

The mean competency total scale was 4.22 ± 0.68. The bivariate analysis showed a significantly higher mean competency among participants who have a full-time job, higher administrative leadership (4.30 vs. 3.08, p = 0.001), interpersonal leadership (4.29 vs. 2.94, p = 0.006), conceptual leadership (4.28 vs. 3.15, p = 0.010) and higher work ethics (4.51 vs. 4.12, p < 0.001). Older age (r = 0.15, p = 0.017) was also significantly associated with higher competency. The multivariate analysis showed that having only high work ethics, as compared to low, remains significantly associated with higher total interprofessional competency, including the Interaction and Interprofessional Values subscales. No differences in IPEC scales between pharmacists and other healthcare providers were noted.

Conclusion

The IPEC total competency score was higher among full-time healthcare providers and those who scored higher on leadership skills and work ethics. The study outcome shows the importance of education in interprofessional practice.

Background

Good communication is vital in providing optimal medical care. We developed a simulation-based communication-training program for healthcare providers using methodologies of Verbal Judo.

Purpose

To evaluate the effectiveness of improving resident communication with nurses by teaching Verbal Judo communication tactics using deliberate practice (intervention) versus traditional debriefing (control).

Method

Thirty-five residents were randomized into control or intervention groups. Communication skills were evaluated using self-assessment, real-life assessment by nurses, and video-observed graded assessment.

Discussion

The nurse assessments found improvement in both groups from baseline to 6-month follow-up. There was improvement in self-assessments in both groups but only the intervention group reached statistical significance. There was no significant difference in blinded assessments. There was no difference in scores between the 3 time points. Participants scored themselves lower than the observer.

Conclusions

Our study found an improvement in communication over time but was unable to find a difference between teaching with deliberate practice or traditional debriefing.

To explore the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in Massachusetts and identify potential strategies to maintain the healthcare workforce we conducted a sequential exploratory mixed methods study. Fifty-two individuals completed interviews from April 22nd - September 7th, 2021; 209 individuals completed an online survey from February 17th - March 23rd, 2022. Interviews and surveys asked about the mental health impacts of working in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout, longevity in the workplace, and strategies for reducing attrition. Interview and survey participants were predominantly White (56%; 73%, respectively), female (79%; 81%) and worked as physicians (37%; 34%). Interviewees indicated high stress and anxiety levels due to frequent exposure to patient deaths from COVID-19. Among survey respondents, 55% reported worse mental health than before the pandemic, 29% reported a new/worsening mental health condition for themselves or their family, 59% reported feeling burned out at least weekly, and 37% intended to leave healthcare in less than 5 years. To decrease attrition, respondents suggested higher salaries (91%), flexible schedules (90%), and increased support to care for patients (89%). Healthcare workers’ experiences with death, feeling unvalued, and overworked resulted in unprecedented rates of burnout and intention to leave healthcare.

This cross-sectional mixed-methods study includes description of nurse-physician collaboration in Lebanon and comparison of perceptions of collaborative practice experiences of nurses and physicians. Online surveys were completed by 223 Registered Nurses (RNs) and 60 Physicians (MDs) currently practicing in in-hospital settings in Lebanon. The Nurse-Physician Collaboration scale, demographic and background items, and four open-ended questions were included in the survey. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses, correlations, and categorical analyses were conducted. RNs reported significantly less frequency of collaboration than MDs (t = 2.62, p = 0.009). Females reported significantly less collaboration frequency than males (t = −3.44, p = 0.001). Stratifying by gender, male MDs reported the highest collaboration compared with male RNs (t = 2.25; p = 0.027). RNs with graduate degrees reported the least collaboration compared to holders of Bachelor's degrees and technical diplomas (F = 4.00, p = 0.02). Across both professions, motivation was the most frequently perceived and highest ranked facilitator for collaboration, and time pressure was the most frequently perceived and top ranked barrier. Of those who responded to an open-ended question, the majority of respondents (58.5%) shared a positive recent experience of nurse-physician collaboration, and 85% of responses to another question identified achievement of best quality patient outcomes as a perceived benefit of nurse-physician collaboration. Strategies that enhance the identified facilitators, overcome barriers, and equip nurses and physicians to collaborate should be implemented within hospitals in Lebanon.