Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220905120334
Ganesh Patil, Shabib Sulaiman Ali Al Rashdi, Noura Ali Moosa Al Balushi, S. A M
The fibers of date palm [DPFs] were used as a raw material to isolate cellulose nanofibers [CNFs] to assess their potential as reinforcements of composite materials in producing Bioplastic. The isolation of Nano cellulose [NCs] from DPF is still lacking, and the authors are not aware of any previous publication concerning the isolation of NCs from DPF. The date palm has huge potential in the application as a reinforcement agent to manufacture bio-nano composites and can be considered a renewable source of nanofibers with an etymology to agro-waste. High-purity cellulose nanofibers were isolated from DPFs through an environmentally friendly treatment process that combined chemical [alkali & bleaching] and mechanical [ball milling]. A high yield of CNFs was successfully extracted, with 50% CNFs from overall DPFs. Scanning electron microscopy [SEM] results revealed the effects of isolation treatments on fiber morphology and showed long, loose nanofiber bundles with 8–100 nm in diameter. FTIR results showed that noncellulosic components were effectively removed. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the improved crystallinity of the processed fibers with a high crystalline index of 69.78%. TGA results showed an enhancement in the thermal properties of the nanofibers. The removal of hemicellulose and lignin increased the crystallinity of the fibers, and the extracted CNFs were used in the synthesis of Bioplastic by using glycerol as a plasticizer and corn starch as a matrix using the casting method. The feasibility study proved that NC production is feasible in Oman and was successfully yielding cellulose nanofibers with potential in advanced applications. The availability of raw materials is sufficient to sustain the plan with a total capital investment of OMR 9,694,127, an operating cost of OMR 10,058,976, and a total annual net profit of OMR 2,235,445.926 which shows an ROI of 23%/year with a payback period of 4.34 years.
{"title":"Isolation And Characterization Of Cellulose Nanofiber Obtained From Agriculture Waste","authors":"Ganesh Patil, Shabib Sulaiman Ali Al Rashdi, Noura Ali Moosa Al Balushi, S. A M","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220905120334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220905120334","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The fibers of date palm [DPFs] were used as a raw material to isolate cellulose nanofibers [CNFs] to assess their potential as reinforcements of composite materials in producing Bioplastic. The isolation of Nano cellulose [NCs] from DPF is still lacking, and the authors are not aware of any previous publication concerning the isolation of NCs from DPF.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The date palm has huge potential in the application as a reinforcement agent to manufacture bio-nano composites and can be considered a renewable source of nanofibers with an etymology to agro-waste.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000High-purity cellulose nanofibers were isolated from DPFs through an environmentally friendly treatment process that combined chemical [alkali & bleaching] and mechanical [ball milling].\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A high yield of CNFs was successfully extracted, with 50% CNFs from overall DPFs. Scanning electron microscopy [SEM] results revealed the effects of isolation treatments on fiber morphology and showed long, loose nanofiber bundles with 8–100 nm in diameter. FTIR results showed that noncellulosic components were effectively removed. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the improved crystallinity of the processed fibers with a high crystalline index of 69.78%.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000TGA results showed an enhancement in the thermal properties of the nanofibers. The removal of hemicellulose and lignin increased the crystallinity of the fibers, and the extracted CNFs were used in the synthesis of Bioplastic by using glycerol as a plasticizer and corn starch as a matrix using the casting method. The feasibility study proved that NC production is feasible in Oman and was successfully yielding cellulose nanofibers with potential in advanced applications. The availability of raw materials is sufficient to sustain the plan with a total capital investment of OMR 9,694,127, an operating cost of OMR 10,058,976, and a total annual net profit of OMR 2,235,445.926 which shows an ROI of 23%/year with a payback period of 4.34 years.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41669855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220823164325
Yu Liang, Endong Xia, Haiyan Li, Zidong Wang, Shoutao Ma
Paraffin emulsion is a highly dispersed thermodynamically unstable system. Emulsifiers play a key role in promoting emulsion formation and improving emulsion stability. However, a single emulsifier has limitations in maintaining emulsion stability, usually, it is necessary to compound more than two emulsifiers or add other additives to make the paraffin emulsion have better stability. Therefore, how to keep paraffin emulsion high dispersibility and stability for a long time are the problems that the majority of researchers have concerned about. This paper expounded the instability mechanism of paraffin wax emulsion, the process of paraffin emulsion destabilization is the process of gradually reducing the free energy of the system, the interaction force between emulsion droplets determines the speed of emulsion destabilization. Sedimentation and stratification, flocculation, coalescence, and Ostwald Ripening were the main factors leading to paraffin instability, the prevention and improvement methods are proposed for the above four mechanisms. And from the instability mechanism, the factors affecting the stability of paraffin emulsion mainly include the mechanical strength and film elasticity of the interface film, the interfacial charge or obstruction between the emulsion droplets, the appropriate system viscosity, and the uniform droplet size distribution will affect the stability of the paraffin emulsion. Through literature research, several methods to improve the stability of paraffin emulsion were summarized, polar paraffin has good emulsifying properties, compounding with paraffin can not only reduce the amount of emulsifier but also enhance the stability of paraffin emulsion, adding thickeners can reduce the Brownian motion of droplets and improve the chemical and mechanical stability of wax emulsions, the addition of ionic surfactants can reduce the diffusion rate of the dispersed phase, the addition of inorganic salts can make the emulsion droplets generate strong repulsion when they are close to each other, and improve the stability of the emulsion, the addition of small molecular alcohols can improve the flexibility of the oil-water interface film properties, reduce the surface tension coefficient of the emulsion, and increase the stability of the paraffin emulsion. This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the research on the stability of paraffin emulsion.
{"title":"Research Progress on Improving the Stability of Paraffin Emulsion: A Mini-Review","authors":"Yu Liang, Endong Xia, Haiyan Li, Zidong Wang, Shoutao Ma","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220823164325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220823164325","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Paraffin emulsion is a highly dispersed thermodynamically unstable system. Emulsifiers play a key role in promoting emulsion formation and improving emulsion stability. However, a single emulsifier has limitations in maintaining emulsion stability, usually, it is necessary to compound more than two emulsifiers or add other additives to make the paraffin emulsion have better stability. Therefore, how to keep paraffin emulsion high dispersibility and stability for a long time are the problems that the majority of researchers have concerned about. This paper expounded the instability mechanism of paraffin wax emulsion, the process of paraffin emulsion destabilization is the process of gradually reducing the free energy of the system, the interaction force between emulsion droplets determines the speed of emulsion destabilization. Sedimentation and stratification, flocculation, coalescence, and Ostwald Ripening were the main factors leading to paraffin instability, the prevention and improvement methods are proposed for the above four mechanisms. And from the instability mechanism, the factors affecting the stability of paraffin emulsion mainly include the mechanical strength and film elasticity of the interface film, the interfacial charge or obstruction between the emulsion droplets, the appropriate system viscosity, and the uniform droplet size distribution will affect the stability of the paraffin emulsion. Through literature research, several methods to improve the stability of paraffin emulsion were summarized, polar paraffin has good emulsifying properties, compounding with paraffin can not only reduce the amount of emulsifier but also enhance the stability of paraffin emulsion, adding thickeners can reduce the Brownian motion of droplets and improve the chemical and mechanical stability of wax emulsions, the addition of ionic surfactants can reduce the diffusion rate of the dispersed phase, the addition of inorganic salts can make the emulsion droplets generate strong repulsion when they are close to each other, and improve the stability of the emulsion, the addition of small molecular alcohols can improve the flexibility of the oil-water interface film properties, reduce the surface tension coefficient of the emulsion, and increase the stability of the paraffin emulsion. This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the research on the stability of paraffin emulsion.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49474370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-17DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220817122440
Hu Tao, Tao Mei, Hairong Cheng
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of organic compounds such as aromatic, aliphatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. VOCs are emitted into the atmosphere during the production of adhesives, paints, printing materials, building materials, and their use. Although several removal approaches have been employed to remove VOCs, researchers have not stopped exploring new methods and materials for VOCs treatment. Graphene has recently attracted enormous attention for fundamental research and potential applications due to its large specific surface area, high mechanical strength and flexibility, and good chemical and thermal stability. Here we briefly describe the recent progress in graphene-based materials (GBMs) for applications in VOCs removal. GBMs have been exploited as novel materials in VOC adsorption, membrane separation, and photocatalysis. Although the issues need to be further studied, such as biocompatibility, toxicity, and production at low cost, GBMs are promising for VOC removal, which is the current trends and future perspectives of the field. This mini-review represents the potential of GBMs for VOC treatment.
{"title":"Graphene-Based Materials for the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds","authors":"Hu Tao, Tao Mei, Hairong Cheng","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220817122440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220817122440","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of organic compounds such as aromatic, aliphatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. VOCs are emitted into the atmosphere during the production of adhesives, paints, printing materials, building materials, and their use.\u0000Although several removal approaches have been employed to remove VOCs, researchers have\u0000not stopped exploring new methods and materials for VOCs treatment. Graphene has recently\u0000attracted enormous attention for fundamental research and potential applications due to its large\u0000specific surface area, high mechanical strength and flexibility, and good chemical and thermal\u0000stability. Here we briefly describe the recent progress in graphene-based materials (GBMs) for\u0000applications in VOCs removal. GBMs have been exploited as novel materials in VOC adsorption, membrane separation, and photocatalysis. Although the issues need to be further studied,\u0000such as biocompatibility, toxicity, and production at low cost, GBMs are promising for VOC\u0000removal, which is the current trends and future perspectives of the field. This mini-review represents the potential of GBMs for VOC treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49582658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220815142148
P. Mondal, Sanjeevani Hooda
Omnipresence of microplastics (<5mm) in our ecosystem has presented a worldwide concern for the threat it might present in the future. This review aims to highlight the toxic effect of microplastic on marine organisms, identify the research gaps in the microplastic identification techniques (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, etc.) and remediation processes available (flocculation, membrane bioreactor, bioremediation, etc.) as well as throw light on the prospects to mitigate the microplastic pollution in the environment. The abundance of microplastics in the oceans and its subsequent ingestion causes false satiation leading to starvation, weakened immune system, reduced reproduction rate, and other toxic effects on marine organisms. Recent studies have also found the presence of microplastics in human bodies, without the true knowledge of its effects. Based on reviewed literature, combination of different analytical (identification) techniques are proven to be more useful in providing the detailed understanding of the microplastic sample in comparison to any one individual technique. Amongst all the available remediation techniques, bioremediation has shown the potency to be used as a sustainable, environment friendly, in-situ remediation process with engineered microbes/enzymes as the potent future of microplastic remediation.
{"title":"Recent trends on microplastics pollution and its remediation: A review","authors":"P. Mondal, Sanjeevani Hooda","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220815142148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220815142148","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Omnipresence of microplastics (<5mm) in our ecosystem has presented a worldwide concern for the threat it might present in the future. This review aims to highlight the toxic effect of microplastic on marine organisms, identify the research gaps in the microplastic identification techniques (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, etc.) and remediation processes available (flocculation, membrane bioreactor, bioremediation, etc.) as well as throw light on the prospects to mitigate the microplastic pollution in the environment. The abundance of microplastics in the oceans and its subsequent ingestion causes false satiation leading to starvation, weakened immune system, reduced reproduction rate, and other toxic effects on marine organisms. Recent studies have also found the presence of microplastics in human bodies, without the true knowledge of its effects. Based on reviewed literature, combination of different analytical (identification) techniques are proven to be more useful in providing the detailed understanding of the microplastic sample in comparison to any one individual technique. Amongst all the available remediation techniques, bioremediation has shown the potency to be used as a sustainable, environment friendly, in-situ remediation process with engineered microbes/enzymes as the potent future of microplastic remediation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42794902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.2174/240552041504230112125405
Mohamed Ismail Bassyouni
{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"Mohamed Ismail Bassyouni","doi":"10.2174/240552041504230112125405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/240552041504230112125405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48323551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220729122436
Faisal Al Bulushi, S. A M, Ganesh Patil, Santosh Walke
Energy is a fundamental requirement in economic growth and is directly related to almost all aspects of global development. The global energy demand is increasing daily due to the expanding economy, industrialization, and population growth. Countries have adopted the trend of renewable energy over non-renewable energy due to the sustainability of renewable energy sources. Bloom energy server is a renewable energy source that utilizes solid oxide fuel cell [SOFC] technology to convert fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction with high efficiency and without combustion. Oman, however, still relies on non-renewable energy sources, namely oil and gas. Countries continuously apply the most efficient and cost-effective energy sources with the other different energy sources available. This paper aims to investigate the different available energy sources, both renewable and non-renewable and compare them and the bloom energy server and make conclusions that Oman can adopt. The methodology used was a comprehensive literature search of the Google Scholar database, ProQuest database and Google search. The energy sources investigated are SOFC, solar power, wind energy, hydropower, crude oil energy, coal energy and natural gas. The variant energy sources were compared based on the following parameters: capacity capital cost, reliability and availability, sustainability, lifetime, environmental concerns, efficiency, and long-term cost-effectiveness. showed that renewable energy sources are superior to non-renewable energy sources. Of the renewable sources, SOFC was the most reliable, hydropower the most efficient with the longest lifetime, and solar and wind energy provided a long-term, cost-effective energy option. In conclusion, perhaps bloom energy servers are not the best option for Oman, but the adoption of renewable energy sources is strongly urged
{"title":"Studies on Bloom Energy Server","authors":"Faisal Al Bulushi, S. A M, Ganesh Patil, Santosh Walke","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220729122436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220729122436","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Energy is a fundamental requirement in economic growth and is directly related to almost all aspects of global development. The global energy demand is increasing daily due to the expanding economy, industrialization, and population growth. Countries have adopted the trend of renewable energy over non-renewable energy due to the sustainability of renewable energy sources. Bloom energy server is a renewable energy source that utilizes solid oxide fuel cell [SOFC] technology to convert fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction with high efficiency and without combustion. Oman, however, still relies on non-renewable energy sources, namely oil and gas. Countries continuously apply the most efficient and cost-effective energy sources with the other different energy sources available.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper aims to investigate the different available energy sources, both renewable and non-renewable and compare them and the bloom energy server and make conclusions that Oman can adopt.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The methodology used was a comprehensive literature search of the Google Scholar database, ProQuest database and Google search. The energy sources investigated are SOFC, solar power, wind energy, hydropower, crude oil energy, coal energy and natural gas. The variant energy sources were compared based on the following parameters: capacity capital cost, reliability and availability, sustainability, lifetime, environmental concerns, efficiency, and long-term cost-effectiveness.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000showed that renewable energy sources are superior to non-renewable energy sources. Of the renewable sources, SOFC was the most reliable, hydropower the most efficient with the longest lifetime, and solar and wind energy provided a long-term, cost-effective energy option.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, perhaps bloom energy servers are not the best option for Oman, but the adoption of renewable energy sources is strongly urged\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45002652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220727150202
Rajdip Soni, R. Biswas
Over the last two decades, poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) have undergone extensive research and development. PILs have opened a whole new passage to versatile ionic polymers. It has compelled the chemical industry to rethink its modern ways of carbon capture. PILs have demonstrated excellent CO2 sorption capacities in comparison to their corresponding ionic liquids (ILs). The effects of the chemical structures of PILs on CO2 sorption, including the types of anion, cation, and backbone, have been discussed. This review aims to cover details of a large range of PILs along with their physical and structural properties, synthesis procedures, and the absorption power towards CO2. Imidazolium-based PILs are some of the strongest absorbents of CO2. On the other hand, PILs with amino acid (AA) anion seem to have a much-improved sorption capacity when compared PILs with the non-AA anionic part. PILs with hexafluorophosphate ion (PF6-) relatively absorb more CO2 compared to tetra-fluoroborate (BF4-) based PILs. The solubility of CO¬2 was increased with increasing pressure and decreased as temperature increased. The inclusion of hydroxyl groups in the polycation increased the interaction with CO2 molecules.¬ The COSMO-RS model was used to understand the molecular-level behavior of PILs in terms of their activity coefficients.
{"title":"A Review of CO2 capture by Poly(Ionic liquid)s","authors":"Rajdip Soni, R. Biswas","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220727150202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220727150202","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Over the last two decades, poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) have undergone extensive research and development. PILs have opened a whole new passage to versatile ionic polymers. It has compelled the chemical industry to rethink its modern ways of carbon capture. PILs have demonstrated excellent CO2 sorption capacities in comparison to their corresponding ionic liquids (ILs). The effects of the chemical structures of PILs on CO2 sorption, including the types of anion, cation, and backbone, have been discussed. This review aims to cover details of a large range of PILs along with their physical and structural properties, synthesis procedures, and the absorption power towards CO2. Imidazolium-based PILs are some of the strongest absorbents of CO2. On the other hand, PILs with amino acid (AA) anion seem to have a much-improved sorption capacity when compared PILs with the non-AA anionic part. PILs with hexafluorophosphate ion (PF6-) relatively absorb more CO2 compared to tetra-fluoroborate (BF4-) based PILs. The solubility of CO¬2 was increased with increasing pressure and decreased as temperature increased. The inclusion of hydroxyl groups in the polycation increased the interaction with CO2 molecules.¬ The COSMO-RS model was used to understand the molecular-level behavior of PILs in terms of their activity coefficients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49596335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-07DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220707142909
Subhraraj Panda
The major goal of this fascinating study was to determine the molecular interaction of the polymer dextran with urea in an aqueous media using a more straightforward technique. Many physical approaches play important roles in identifying the molecular structure and molecular characteristics of various solutions. In recent years, advances in ultrasonic methods have become a potent tool for assessing information regarding the physical and chemical behaviour of liquid molecules. The acoustical parameters like “free volume, internal pressure, absorption coefficient, Rao’s constant, and Wada’s” constantare evaluated from the measured data. The significance gives subjective information on the type and quality of solute-solvent particle interactions in liquid solutions. Specific gravity bottles, Ostwald's viscometer, and multifrequency ultrasonic interferometer were used to determine density (ρ), viscosity (η), and ultrasonic speed (U) in binary systems of biopolymer dextran with urea at 313 K. With thorough examination of the results, A careful study of the findings revealed the link between the solute and the solvent.. In the light of solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions, the fluctuation of these parameters with a change in dextran concentration and frequency has been examined. The thermo-acoustic value indicates that there is an atomic interaction in the solution. In the current systems, extremely weak molecular interactions such as solute-solvent, solute-solute, etc. are commonly seen. . The force and type of contact are largely determined by the structure. Ultrasonic velocity measurements have proved useful in determining the nature of molecular interaction in pure liquids and binary solutions.
{"title":"Molecular interaction study of binary liquid solution using ultrasonic technique","authors":"Subhraraj Panda","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220707142909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220707142909","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The major goal of this fascinating study was to determine the molecular interaction of the polymer dextran with urea in an aqueous media using a more straightforward technique.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Many physical approaches play important roles in identifying the molecular structure and molecular characteristics of various solutions. In recent years, advances in ultrasonic methods have become a potent tool for assessing information regarding the physical and chemical behaviour of liquid molecules.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The acoustical parameters like “free volume, internal pressure, absorption coefficient, Rao’s constant, and Wada’s” constantare evaluated from the measured data. The significance gives subjective information on the type and quality of solute-solvent particle interactions in liquid solutions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Specific gravity bottles, Ostwald's viscometer, and multifrequency ultrasonic interferometer were used to determine density (ρ), viscosity (η), and ultrasonic speed (U) in binary systems of biopolymer dextran with urea at 313 K.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000With thorough examination of the results, A careful study of the findings revealed the link between the solute and the solvent.. In the light of solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions, the fluctuation of these parameters with a change in dextran concentration and frequency has been examined.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The thermo-acoustic value indicates that there is an atomic interaction in the solution. In the current systems, extremely weak molecular interactions such as solute-solvent, solute-solute, etc. are commonly seen. . The force and type of contact are largely determined by the structure.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ultrasonic velocity measurements have proved useful in determining the nature of molecular interaction in pure liquids and binary solutions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44583024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.2174/2405520415666220615102140
N. Rane, S. Shewale
Optimization of a process for removing Fe-Cu from wastewater with biodegradable adsorbents. The objective of the study is to remove copper ions from wastewater. The use of low-cost adsorbents was investigated as a replacement to the conventional methods of removing heavy metals from an aqueous solution. Removal of copper (II) from an aqueous solution by the adsorbent made from the jackfruit peels was investigated and analyzed with the help of UV-spectroscopy. The conventional methods of treatment for heavy metal contamination include chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation, electrodialysis, and so on. These techniques are very costly, require energy in huge quantities, and generate toxic byproducts. On the other hand, adsorption has been investigated as a cost-effective method for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The equilibrium adsorption level was determined as a function of particle size, adsorbent doses, and variable concentration of metal ion solution. Adsorption isotherms of Cu (II) on adsorbents have been decided and correlated with isotherm equations that include Langmuir and Freundlich models. From the experiment, the maximum percentage of copper removed is 84.30%, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 11.24 mg/g for particle size of 0.212 mm, 30.98 mg/g for 1 gram of adsorbent dose and 5.23 mg/g for 300 ppm of concentration of metal ion solution. The adsorbent made from the jackfruit peels is more effective for removing copper from aqueous solutions emitted from the industrial wastes and can prove to be the best alternative to the conventional method.
{"title":"Optimization of Process for Removal of Fe-Cu from Wastewater with Biodegradable Adsorbent","authors":"N. Rane, S. Shewale","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220615102140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220615102140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Optimization of a process for removing Fe-Cu from wastewater with biodegradable adsorbents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of the study is to remove copper ions from wastewater. The use of low-cost adsorbents was investigated as a replacement to the conventional methods of removing heavy metals from an aqueous solution.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Removal of copper (II) from an aqueous solution by the adsorbent made from the jackfruit peels was investigated and analyzed with the help of UV-spectroscopy. The conventional methods of treatment for heavy metal contamination include chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation, electrodialysis, and so on. These techniques are very costly, require energy in huge quantities, and generate toxic byproducts. On the other hand, adsorption has been investigated as a cost-effective method for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The equilibrium adsorption level was determined as a function of particle size, adsorbent doses, and variable concentration of metal ion solution. Adsorption isotherms of Cu (II) on adsorbents have been decided and correlated with isotherm equations that include Langmuir and Freundlich models.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000From the experiment, the maximum percentage of copper removed is 84.30%, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 11.24 mg/g for particle size of 0.212 mm, 30.98 mg/g for 1 gram of adsorbent dose and 5.23 mg/g for 300 ppm of concentration of metal ion solution.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The adsorbent made from the jackfruit peels is more effective for removing copper from aqueous solutions emitted from the industrial wastes and can prove to be the best alternative to the conventional method.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43511010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon dioxide(CO2) capture has been widely accepted to be a prerequisite strategy to mitigate the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Membrane separation has been envisaged to be one of the most promising technologies for CO2 capture due to its small footprint, simple up- and down-scaling, and low impact on the environment. Owing to their extraordinarily high CO2 permeability and moderate CO2 selectivity over other gases, high free volume polymeric membrane materials have been intensively studied for CO2 capture. In the past few years, abundant high free volume polymers have been developed and big progress has been made in this field. Therefore, in this review, starting from CO2 emissions and sources, followed by CO2 transport mechanisms in polymeric membranes, this paper emphasizes reviewing recent research progress in high free volume membrane materials, collecting and analyzing CO2 separation data, as well as discussing the challenges of high free volume polymeric membranes. Furthermore, perspectives on future directions of high free volume polymeric membranes were also proposed.
{"title":"High free volume polymeric membranes for CO2 capture: state-of-the-art","authors":"Ruilin Wan, Yulei Ma, Jing Wei, Hongfang Guo, Jianan Fan, Zikang Qin, Zhongde Dai","doi":"10.2174/2405520415666220613122701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2405520415666220613122701","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Carbon dioxide(CO2) capture has been widely accepted to be a prerequisite strategy to mitigate the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Membrane separation has been envisaged to be one of the most promising technologies for CO2 capture due to its small footprint, simple up- and down-scaling, and low impact on the environment. Owing to their extraordinarily high CO2 permeability and moderate CO2 selectivity over other gases, high free volume polymeric membrane materials have been intensively studied for CO2 capture. In the past few years, abundant high free volume polymers have been developed and big progress has been made in this field. Therefore, in this review, starting from CO2 emissions and sources, followed by CO2 transport mechanisms in polymeric membranes, this paper emphasizes reviewing recent research progress in high free volume membrane materials, collecting and analyzing CO2 separation data, as well as discussing the challenges of high free volume polymeric membranes. Furthermore, perspectives on future directions of high free volume polymeric membranes were also proposed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38021,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48702606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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