The study examines the translation methods used in the translation of institutional names and their common language use within the context of Hungarian-Romanian bilingualism in Transylvania, noting the language planning tasks that arise from minority status and the results of corpus design so far. The presented translation and language use phenomena emphasize that translating institutional names in minority status is a task for (professional) translation, terminology, and language planning. Within translation, it presupposes practical skills and a high level of bilingualism. In the technical and terminological context, the translation of the name of an institution presupposes an adequate knowledge of the individual fields and languages, in the absence of which unprofessional and ambiguous translations may be created. As a language planning problem, it primarily concerns corpus planning and presupposes the expansion of language rights related to status planning and expanding the scope of using vernacular languages.
{"title":"Román intézménynevek magyarítása Erdélyben","authors":"Attila Benő","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the translation methods used in the translation of institutional names and their common language use within the context of Hungarian-Romanian bilingualism in Transylvania, noting the language planning tasks that arise from minority status and the results of corpus design so far. The presented translation and language use phenomena emphasize that translating institutional names in minority status is a task for (professional) translation, terminology, and language planning. Within translation, it presupposes practical skills and a high level of bilingualism. In the technical and terminological context, the translation of the name of an institution presupposes an adequate knowledge of the individual fields and languages, in the absence of which unprofessional and ambiguous translations may be created. As a language planning problem, it primarily concerns corpus planning and presupposes the expansion of language rights related to status planning and expanding the scope of using vernacular languages.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an introduction, the study discusses the state of applied linguistics and applied onomastics, their connections with each other, and other disciplines. First, the concept of applied onomastics is approached from the perspective of applied linguistics and onomastic studies. It then examines the appearance and presence of applied onomastics in the scientific arena and the literature, the framework and forums of the discipline in Hungary, including the conference series Applied Onomastics (formerly: Onomastics and Terminology) held annually since 2012. Next, the study emphasizes the possible connections of selected onomastic phenomena and problems and then describes the characteristic subjects of applied onomastics, offering examples of recent Hungarian results. Questions touched upon include: name planning, name policies, names and officiality; translation of proper names; names and lexicography; names and orthography; onomastics in education; dissemination of onomastic knowledge; onomastics and informatics; onomastics and terminology; onomastics and marketing, branding.
{"title":"Alkalmazott névtan","authors":"Tamás Farkas","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"As an introduction, the study discusses the state of applied linguistics and applied onomastics, their connections with each other, and other disciplines. First, the concept of applied onomastics is approached from the perspective of applied linguistics and onomastic studies. It then examines the appearance and presence of applied onomastics in the scientific arena and the literature, the framework and forums of the discipline in Hungary, including the conference series Applied Onomastics (formerly: Onomastics and Terminology) held annually since 2012. Next, the study emphasizes the possible connections of selected onomastic phenomena and problems and then describes the characteristic subjects of applied onomastics, offering examples of recent Hungarian results. Questions touched upon include: name planning, name policies, names and officiality; translation of proper names; names and lexicography; names and orthography; onomastics in education; dissemination of onomastic knowledge; onomastics and informatics; onomastics and terminology; onomastics and marketing, branding.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.29178/nevtert.2021.13
Tamás Farkas, Kitti Hauber
A 27th ICOS Congress was originally planned to be hosted by Krakow in August 2020. However, due to the coronavirus pandemic, it was eventually organized digitally between 23–27 August 2021. Its central theme was Onomastics in interaction with other branches of sciences. More than 250 participants represented over 50 countries at the conference. In addition to plenary and section presentations, the schedule included three symposia focusing on the onomastics of the three countries organizing the event (Poland, Czechia, and Slovakia) and a panel discussion on place names and open data. Various ICOS bodies and working groups also held their meetings. The General Assembly of ICOS elected, among others, the Governing Body for the upcoming period with Katalin Reszegi as its President and selected Helsinki as the host of the 28th ICOS Congress due in 2024. This meeting will focus on the sustainability of names, naming and onomastics.
{"title":"Beszámoló a 27. Nemzetközi Névtudományi Kongresszusról","authors":"Tamás Farkas, Kitti Hauber","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"A 27th ICOS Congress was originally planned to be hosted by Krakow in August 2020. However, due to the coronavirus pandemic, it was eventually organized digitally between 23–27 August 2021. Its central theme was Onomastics in interaction with other branches of sciences. More than 250 participants represented over 50 countries at the conference. In addition to plenary and section presentations, the schedule included three symposia focusing on the onomastics of the three countries organizing the event (Poland, Czechia, and Slovakia) and a panel discussion on place names and open data. Various ICOS bodies and working groups also held their meetings. The General Assembly of ICOS elected, among others, the Governing Body for the upcoming period with Katalin Reszegi as its President and selected Helsinki as the host of the 28th ICOS Congress due in 2024. This meeting will focus on the sustainability of names, naming and onomastics.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examines issues related to translating an author’s name and character names when these are considered paratexts. The introduction briefly describes the interdisciplinary context of study into paratextuality, pointing to the research areas emerging at the intersection of literary theory, translation studies, and onomastics. The paper then analyzes the translation methods used in the case of authors’ names, pseudonyms, title characters, and intertextual names in separate sections, focusing on publications of popular literature and 20th-century Hungarian prose, especially Zsigmond Móricz, Dezső Kosztolányi and Jenő Rejtő in foreign languages. Following the criteria described in the literature review, the study examines verbal paratexts and the visual paratexts of the covers (typography, cover image).
{"title":"A név mint paratextus a műfordítás gyakorlatában","authors":"Krisztián Benyovszky","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines issues related to translating an author’s name and character names when these are considered paratexts. The introduction briefly describes the interdisciplinary context of study into paratextuality, pointing to the research areas emerging at the intersection of literary theory, translation studies, and onomastics. The paper then analyzes the translation methods used in the case of authors’ names, pseudonyms, title characters, and intertextual names in separate sections, focusing on publications of popular literature and 20th-century Hungarian prose, especially Zsigmond Móricz, Dezső Kosztolányi and Jenő Rejtő in foreign languages. Following the criteria described in the literature review, the study examines verbal paratexts and the visual paratexts of the covers (typography, cover image).","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The name semiotic landscape is an integral part of the linguistic landscape and examines proper names that appear on name signs, inscriptions in public spaces, various surfaces, and extralingual signs referring to names. Bilingual proper name pairs that appear in the name semiotic landscape can also be analyzed in terms of translation. The study of the bilingual name semiotic (and linguistic) landscape also provides important information for translatology. The author illustrates the connections between the translation and the bilingual semiotic landscape of personal, place, and institution names with examples taken from an image database collected in Hungarian settlements in Slovakia. The analyzed proper names were translated through several translation operations: 1. transfer – no translation, using the original form of the name; 2. transcription – adapting the spelling of the source language name to the target language; 3. name matching – replacing the name to be translated with the conventional target language equivalent; 4. partial or loan translation of meaning – translating the source language name or part of the name with target language elements that correspond to their meaning; 5. full or partial modification – a major transformation of the name to be translated, its replacement by another name in the target language; changing the proper name into a common noun or with periphrasis; partial modification of the information content of the source language name in the target language by adding (explicitation) or omitting (implicitation) parts of the name.
{"title":"Fordítás és kétnyelvű névszemiotikai tájkép","authors":"János Bauko","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"The name semiotic landscape is an integral part of the linguistic landscape and examines proper names that appear on name signs, inscriptions in public spaces, various surfaces, and extralingual signs referring to names. Bilingual proper name pairs that appear in the name semiotic landscape can also be analyzed in terms of translation. The study of the bilingual name semiotic (and linguistic) landscape also provides important information for translatology. The author illustrates the connections between the translation and the bilingual semiotic landscape of personal, place, and institution names with examples taken from an image database collected in Hungarian settlements in Slovakia. The analyzed proper names were translated through several translation operations: 1. transfer – no translation, using the original form of the name; 2. transcription – adapting the spelling of the source language name to the target language; 3. name matching – replacing the name to be translated with the conventional target language equivalent; 4. partial or loan translation of meaning – translating the source language name or part of the name with target language elements that correspond to their meaning; 5. full or partial modification – a major transformation of the name to be translated, its replacement by another name in the target language; changing the proper name into a common noun or with periphrasis; partial modification of the information content of the source language name in the target language by adding (explicitation) or omitting (implicitation) parts of the name.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49268496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Zalavár charters (1019, 1024) are the least viable sources of information for historical linguistics and historical onomastics regarding the 11th century among the charters of King Saint Stephen forged in the Middle Ages. This is mainly because the Zalavár charters were likely not based on documents from the reign of Saint Stephen. The charters can be classified into three chronological layers through the vernacular elements contained in them. However, the current study aims to prove that the 1019 Zalavár charter does contain information valuable to historical onomastics and linguistics research into the early 11th century, albeit to a lesser degree than than the two other forged chartes of the era (the Pécsvárad and Bakonybél charters). The hypothesis is verified by examining a few place names listed in the census of the forged charter from the end of the 11th century and the Latin context of all the names contained in the document.
{"title":"11. századi nyomok az 1019. évi hamis Zalavári oklevélben","authors":"Melinda Szőke","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"The Zalavár charters (1019, 1024) are the least viable sources of information for historical linguistics and historical onomastics regarding the 11th century among the charters of King Saint Stephen forged in the Middle Ages. This is mainly because the Zalavár charters were likely not based on documents from the reign of Saint Stephen. The charters can be classified into three chronological layers through the vernacular elements contained in them. However, the current study aims to prove that the 1019 Zalavár charter does contain information valuable to historical onomastics and linguistics research into the early 11th century, albeit to a lesser degree than than the two other forged chartes of the era (the Pécsvárad and Bakonybél charters). The hypothesis is verified by examining a few place names listed in the census of the forged charter from the end of the 11th century and the Latin context of all the names contained in the document.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study formulates hypotheses for a more extensive historical examination of the connections and relations of names and translation within the Hungarian cultural heritage. It highlights that literary and non-literary (that is, of other types of texts) translation practices are more closely related than previously suggested by the cultural sciences of the 20th century. This is supported by the practices, strategies, and versions of Hungarian literary and non-literary translations, although the context of a literary work often puts a special emphasis on the name (proper names) and in some cases encourages methods that are rare or unusual in non-literary texts. In this case, however, it is not the translation orthe translator that acts differently, but the name, because the relationship between text (work of art) and language is different in literature than in other cultural texts, and the translation seeks to maintain and mediate this relationship. Hungarian literary studies have not dealt extensively with the issues of name translation. However, the concept and phenomenon of names has played and continues to play a significant role in thinking about literary translation (in theories of literary translation). This is illustrated, for example, by how practical experiences with translating names, like the “translation” (Magyarization) of names and costumes in plays, encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between translation and identity beginning in the 19th century (through the metaphor of a name as clothing). In addition, the highly metaphorical language of translation studies was deeply influenced by autonomasia (Hungarian Shakespeare, Hungarian Molière etc.), which played a significant role in depicting the elusive relationship between original and translation, author and translator.
{"title":"„Idegen szülöttet [...] csempész a családi név alá”","authors":"Ildikó Józan","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study formulates hypotheses for a more extensive historical examination of the connections and relations of names and translation within the Hungarian cultural heritage. It highlights that literary and non-literary (that is, of other types of texts) translation practices are more closely related than previously suggested by the cultural sciences of the 20th century. This is supported by the practices, strategies, and versions of Hungarian literary and non-literary translations, although the context of a literary work often puts a special emphasis on the name (proper names) and in some cases encourages methods that are rare or unusual in non-literary texts. In this case, however, it is not the translation orthe translator that acts differently, but the name, because the relationship between text (work of art) and language is different in literature than in other cultural texts, and the translation seeks to maintain and mediate this relationship. Hungarian literary studies have not dealt extensively with the issues of name translation. However, the concept and phenomenon of names has played and continues to play a significant role in thinking about literary translation (in theories of literary translation). This is illustrated, for example, by how practical experiences with translating names, like the “translation” (Magyarization) of names and costumes in plays, encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between translation and identity beginning in the 19th century (through the metaphor of a name as clothing). In addition, the highly metaphorical language of translation studies was deeply influenced by autonomasia (Hungarian Shakespeare, Hungarian Molière etc.), which played a significant role in depicting the elusive relationship between original and translation, author and translator.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47061470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.29178/nevtert.2021.11
Judit Takács
The study examines the characteristics, use, context, and circumstances of Hungarian surnames used in jokes from the formation of stereotypes. The paper hypothesizes that surnames are an essential element of the jokes. In fact, in these types of texts, the new meanings associated with a name allow it to move towards typical names or stereotypical use (by separating it from its original use and context). Research is based on a corpus of almost 9000 jokes and a questionnaire survey of 102 people based on the corpus. Although surnames are common in the Hungarian jokes examined, their large number and frequency do not mean they are varied. The 700 examples within the 9000-joke corpus only contain 21 different family names. An examination of the surnames and first names in the corpus confirms that more surnames that appear in jokes are primarily ethnic, while first names denote stereotypes of belonging to other groups: in jokes, the average Hungarian man is called Kovács, the typical Jewish man Kohn, and the typical Romani man is most often Kolompár. In the case of jokes featuring Hungarian and Jewish men, the surname, which is generally considered common and therefore typical of Hungarians and Jews, clarifies ethnocultural categorization and group formation. However, in jokes that feature Romani men, using an ethnic signifier or the frequent combined use of a signifier and a surname (considered as such) and a first name also reinforce stereotyping.
{"title":"A családnévhasználat jellegzetességei a viccek szövegtípusában","authors":"Judit Takács","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the characteristics, use, context, and circumstances of Hungarian surnames used in jokes from the formation of stereotypes. The paper hypothesizes that surnames are an essential element of the jokes. In fact, in these types of texts, the new meanings associated with a name allow it to move towards typical names or stereotypical use (by separating it from its original use and context). Research is based on a corpus of almost 9000 jokes and a questionnaire survey of 102 people based on the corpus. Although surnames are common in the Hungarian jokes examined, their large number and frequency do not mean they are varied. The 700 examples within the 9000-joke corpus only contain 21 different family names. An examination of the surnames and first names in the corpus confirms that more surnames that appear in jokes are primarily ethnic, while first names denote stereotypes of belonging to other groups: in jokes, the average Hungarian man is called Kovács, the typical Jewish man Kohn, and the typical Romani man is most often Kolompár. In the case of jokes featuring Hungarian and Jewish men, the surname, which is generally considered common and therefore typical of Hungarians and Jews, clarifies ethnocultural categorization and group formation. However, in jokes that feature Romani men, using an ethnic signifier or the frequent combined use of a signifier and a surname (considered as such) and a first name also reinforce stereotyping.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48328849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The street names in the Transylvanian towns remained unchanged from their first naming until the mid 19th century. Since then, street names have changed several times, mainly because of the border, regime, and ethnic changes. This makes the relevant period for studying street name changes in Transylvania the last 150 years (since 1867). This article begins with an overview of the technical terms used. Based on the naming process, streets could be named by convention or authorities. Based on the relation between the street and the name, the street name can be of a functional or symbolic name (it reflects the characteristics of the street, or there is no connection between them). Finally, based on the content of the name, a street name can be neutral or commemorative (independent or dependent of regimes). After this, the author presents two case studies: Cluj/Kolozsvár and Braşov/Brassó/Kronstadt, the first being typical of Northern Transylvania, the second of Southern Transylvania. Next, the author analyzes the changes of the street names in the two city centres, in each period, the proportions of changes, and the name categories (functional – neutral, functional – commemorative, symbolic – commemorative, and symbolic – neutral names). The article ends with a brief overview of the usage of official, minority, historical, and vernacular street names in Transylvania.
{"title":"Múltidéző utcaneveink","authors":"Zsombor Bartos-Elekes","doi":"10.29178/nevtert.2021.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2021.7","url":null,"abstract":"The street names in the Transylvanian towns remained unchanged from their first naming until the mid 19th century. Since then, street names have changed several times, mainly because of the border, regime, and ethnic changes. This makes the relevant period for studying street name changes in Transylvania the last 150 years (since 1867). This article begins with an overview of the technical terms used. Based on the naming process, streets could be named by convention or authorities. Based on the relation between the street and the name, the street name can be of a functional or symbolic name (it reflects the characteristics of the street, or there is no connection between them). Finally, based on the content of the name, a street name can be neutral or commemorative (independent or dependent of regimes). After this, the author presents two case studies: Cluj/Kolozsvár and Braşov/Brassó/Kronstadt, the first being typical of Northern Transylvania, the second of Southern Transylvania. Next, the author analyzes the changes of the street names in the two city centres, in each period, the proportions of changes, and the name categories (functional – neutral, functional – commemorative, symbolic – commemorative, and symbolic – neutral names). The article ends with a brief overview of the usage of official, minority, historical, and vernacular street names in Transylvania.","PeriodicalId":38080,"journal":{"name":"Nevtani Ertesito","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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