Food Webs最新文献_第2页

Predation of Dione juno juno (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) by Erythemis vesiculosa (Odonata: Libellulidae) in a Caatinga–Atlantic Forest ecotone, with a review of butterfly predation by dragonflies 在Caatinga-Atlantic森林过渡带中，鳞翅目：蛱蝶科赤蝇（Erythemis vesiculosa）捕食蛱蝶（Dione juno juno），并综述了蝴蝶捕食蜻蜓的研究进展

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00425

Caique Dantas , Roberta da Silva Simas

Predation events linking aquatic predators to terrestrial prey can shape energy flow in ecotonal landscapes but remain poorly documented. Here we report the first record of predation on the heliconiine butterfly Dione juno juno (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) by Erythemis vesiculosa (Fabricius, 1775) (Odonata: Libellulidae) in a Caatinga–Atlantic Forest ecotone in Bahia, Brazil. On 6 October 2024, at the campus of the State University of Feira de Santana (northeastern Brazil), we photo-documented an adult Erythemis (∼38 mm) perched on shrubby vegetation handling an adult D. j. juno (∼32 mm). The dragonfly grasped the butterfly with its forelegs and consumed the head and anterior thorax—prey-handling behavior typical for libellulids. The event occurred within an anthropized mosaic of shrub–herb vegetation and forest fragments. This observation expands current knowledge of the opportunistic diet of Erythemis, reinforces its role as a generalist predator of flying insects, and underscores the value of ecotones as natural laboratories to study insect predator–prey interactions. Given ongoing habitat fragmentation and climate change in these transition zones, opportunistic, photo-vouchered records such as this can complement systematic surveys and help quantify cross-habitat predation pressure on Lepidoptera. In addition, we provide a brief review of published cases of butterfly predation by dragonflies across different biogeographical contexts, which places our record into a broader comparative framework and highlights the underreporting of this phenomenon.

将水生捕食者与陆地猎物联系起来的捕食事件可以塑造生态景观中的能量流，但文献很少。本文报道了在巴西巴伊亚的Caatinga-Atlantic森林交变带中，首次被Erythemis vesiculosa （Fabricius, 1775）捕食蛱蝶Dione juno juno（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科）的记录。2024年10月6日，在费拉德桑塔纳州立大学（巴西东北部）的校园里，我们拍摄了一只成年赤藓（~ 38毫米）栖息在灌木植被上，与一只成年d.j. juno（~ 32毫米）在一起。蜻蜓用它的前腿抓住了蝴蝶，并消耗了它的头部和前胸——这是蜥蜴类动物典型的捕食行为。这一事件发生在灌木-草本植被和森林碎片的人为马赛克中。这一观察结果扩展了目前对赤藓虫机会性饮食的认识，强化了它作为飞虫的通才捕食者的作用，并强调了过渡带作为研究昆虫捕食者-猎物相互作用的天然实验室的价值。考虑到这些过渡地带的栖息地破碎化和气候变化，这样的机会性、照片记录可以补充系统调查，并有助于量化鳞翅目的跨栖息地捕食压力。此外，我们还简要回顾了不同生物地理背景下已发表的蜻蜓捕食蝴蝶的案例，将我们的记录置于更广泛的比较框架中，并强调了这一现象的低估。

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引用次数: 0

Not all xenarthrans are eaten equally: In savannas, harpy eagles favor armadillos, and their prey show taphonomic signatures similar to those in Amazonia 并不是所有的异种动物都被吃掉：在热带稀树草原上，大雕喜欢犰狳，它们的猎物表现出与亚马逊地区相似的地名特征

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00420

Iury Lemos , Juliano A.S.V. Paes , João Pedro F. Machado , Deborah Cardoso Gonçalves , Pedro Henrique F. Peres , Jeferson L. Sousa Freitas , Thiago B.F. Semedo , Everton B.P. Miranda , Guilherme S.T. Garbino

The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a top predator inhabiting lowland tropical forests from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. In eastern and southeastern Brazil, its populations are declining due to habitat loss and hunting. While the species' diet is well-documented in rainforests, in non-forested habitats it remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyze diet composition and taphonomic patterns of harpy eagle prey in an ecotone between the Cerrado and Amazonia ecoregions in central Brazil—an atypical habitat for the species. Using osteological material, camera trap data, and molecular analyses, we identified prey remains and assessed bone damage patterns. Our findings reveal that the harpy eagle's diet in this region differs from previous studies in tropical forests. We identified 42 individuals of seven prey species, with armadillos dominating the diet, contributing 88.2 % of the total biomass, being 74 % Cabassous squamicaudis and 11 % Euphractus sexcinctus. Additionally, molecular analyses confirmed predation on a brocket deer, an unusual record of harpy eagles preying on terrestrial ungulates. Taphonomic analysis revealed that most crania and synsacral elements showed minor damage or only a few missing bones, suggesting prey-specific processing behaviors. These findings provide new insights into the harpy eagle's dietary flexibility and behavioral adaptations in non-forest environments. Our study highlights the importance of habitat-specific diet research for conservation planning and species management, particularly in regions undergoing rapid habitat loss.

大雕（Harpia harpyja）是一种栖息在墨西哥南部到阿根廷北部低地热带森林中的顶级掠食者。在巴西东部和东南部，由于栖息地丧失和狩猎，其数量正在下降。虽然该物种的饮食在热带雨林中有很好的记录，但在非森林栖息地，人们对它的了解仍然很少。在这项研究中，我们分析了巴西中部塞拉多和亚马逊生态区之间的一个过渡带——一个该物种的非典型栖息地——的大雕猎物的饮食组成和分类模式。利用骨学材料、相机陷阱数据和分子分析，我们确定了猎物遗骸并评估了骨损伤模式。我们的研究结果表明，该地区的大雕饮食与之前在热带森林的研究不同。共鉴定出7种猎物42只，以犰狳为主要食性，占总生物量的88.2%，分别为74%的Cabassous squamicaudis和11%的Euphractus sexcinctus。此外，分子分析证实了对小鹿的捕食，这是一种罕见的大雕捕食陆生有蹄类动物的记录。同源学分析显示，大多数颅骨和骶骨都有轻微损伤或只有少数骨头缺失，这表明它们有特定于猎物的加工行为。这些发现为大雕在非森林环境中的饮食灵活性和行为适应提供了新的见解。我们的研究强调了栖息地特定饮食研究对保护规划和物种管理的重要性，特别是在栖息地迅速丧失的地区。

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引用次数: 0

Soil mesofauna bacterial diversity: Insights from cultured collembolans, enchytraeids, and mites species 土壤中游动物细菌多样性：从培养的线虫、内生虫和螨虫物种的见解

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00421

Bo-Wen Liu , Jing Wen , Shuai-Fei Ye , Jia-Jia Gu , Ming-Xin Li , Xiao-Bo Xiong , Zong-Zheng Liang , Hong-Tao Wang

Soil fauna-associated microbial communities play crucial roles in nutrient cycling, host health, and ecosystem functioning. However, the differences and connections among microbiota of different soil fauna species under identical cultivation conditions remain poorly understood. Our study characterized bacterial communities of six soil fauna species (the collembolans Folsomia candida, Isotomiella minor and Onychiurus yodai; the enchytraeus Enchytraeus crypticus; the oribatid mite Damaeus expinosus and the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer) after three years of standardized cultivation using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Results revealed distinct microbial community patterns across species. Proteobacteria dominated F. candida (78.4 % relative abundance), while Bacteroidetes were most abundant in I. minor (76.1 %), and Acidobacteria comprised 88.4 % of O. yodai's microbiota. The predatory mite H. aculeifer harbored twice the microbial diversity of detritivorous species like F. candida, reflecting their trophic position as generalist feeders within soil food webs. Only 0.8 % of OTUs (125 out of 36,719) were shared across all species, with H. aculeifer harboring the most unique OTUs (3143). Co-occurrence network analysis showed predominantly positive microbial interactions, suggesting cooperative relationships within host-associated communities. Our study demonstrates that soil fauna harbor highly specialized microbiota shaped by host ecology and trophic level, even under uniform environmental conditions. These findings provide new insights into soil biodiversity and highlight the potential of fauna-associated microbes as bioindicators for ecosystem health assessment.

土壤动物相关微生物群落在养分循环、宿主健康和生态系统功能中起着至关重要的作用。然而，在相同的栽培条件下，不同土壤动物物种微生物群之间的差异和联系尚不清楚。本研究采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术，对经过3年标准化培养的6种土壤动物（collebolans Folsomia candida、Isotomiella minor和Onychiurus yodai， enchytraeus crypticus，恙螨Damaeus expinosus和掠食性螨Hypoaspis aculeifer）进行了细菌群落特征分析。结果显示不同物种的微生物群落模式不同。假丝酵母菌中以变形菌门为主（相对丰度为78.4%），拟杆菌门最多（相对丰度为76.1%），酸杆菌门占O. yodai菌群的88.4%。掠食性螨（H. aculeifer）的微生物多样性是念珠菌（F. candida）等食性螨的两倍，反映了它们在土壤食物网中的营养地位。只有0.8%的otu（36,719个中有125个）在所有物种中共享，其中H. aculeifer拥有最独特的otu（3143个）。共现网络分析显示，微生物相互作用主要是积极的，表明宿主相关群落之间存在合作关系。我们的研究表明，即使在均匀的环境条件下，土壤动物也具有由宿主生态和营养水平形成的高度专业化的微生物群。这些发现为土壤生物多样性提供了新的见解，并突出了动物相关微生物作为生态系统健康评估生物指标的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

First microscopic evidence of invasive Ceratium furcoides ingestion by native Asplanchna sieboldii in a tropical reservoir, with a review of zooplankton predators of Ceratium 在热带水库中，原生三叶蝉（asplanchina sieboldii）摄食入侵Ceratium furcoides的第一个显微证据，并对Ceratium捕食者的浮游动物进行了综述

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00419

Rafael L. Macêdo , Raphael F. Corrêa , Christina W.C. Branco

Biological invasions can impact food web interactions such as predator–prey dynamics, yet examples of native predators controlling non-native prey remain underexplored. Here, we investigate trophic relationships between Ceratium furcoides (Dinophyta) and plausible native zooplanktonic predators in a tropical reservoir. To our knowledge, this is the first visual documentation of C. furcoides ingestion by Asplanchna sieboldii in an invaded ecosystem. Our field data suggest opportunistic predation likely influenced by water level reductions and narrowing of the water column following an anomalous and well-documented drought period in southern Brazil. We recommend that future studies examine samples from other tropical and subtropical reservoirs to identify and report additional zooplankton associations with Ceratium and their specific environmental contexts, thereby supporting the development of potential biocontrol strategies.

生物入侵可以影响食物网的相互作用，如捕食者-猎物动态，但本地捕食者控制非本地猎物的例子仍未得到充分探索。在此，我们研究了热带水库中角角藻（Dinophyta）与原生浮游动物捕食者之间的营养关系。据我们所知，这是第一次在入侵生态系统中观察到三叶弓形蜈蚣（asplanchina sieboldii）摄食C. furcoides。我们的野外数据表明，机会性捕食可能受到巴西南部异常干旱期后水位下降和水柱变窄的影响。我们建议未来的研究检查其他热带和亚热带水库的样本，以确定和报告与Ceratium有关的其他浮游动物及其特定的环境背景，从而支持潜在生物防治策略的发展。

引用次数: 0

New ecological interaction: Herbivory of Japanese knotweed by White-tailed Deer 新的生态相互作用：白尾鹿对日本结缕草的食性

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00417

Lucas J. Kirby, Alexia M. Turner, Patrick Malinowski

Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt) is a successful invasive species for a multitude of reasons that include: anthropogenic cultivation, vegetative reproduction, allelopathy, and competitive exclusion, as well as enemy release from native herbivores. An adequate biological control agent has been sought to help control its dominance and spread, though the most recent control agents have failed to establish and control the plant in field studies. This paper represents hope that R. japonica can be controlled or have its dominance reduced on the landscape by a dominant North American herbivore, the white-tailed deer. Our study confirmed that a population of white-tailed deer in Central New Jersey are intentionally and significantly consuming R. japonica to a level that alters the growth of the plant. Our results support the findings of other studies in that R. japonica reduces species richness within the plant community and reduces the area covered by other plants. We did not find a relationship between the amount of plant damage (leaves lost) to canopy coverage of R. japonica, likely because the plants growth form still produces shade by becoming stout with more branching rather than tall and overhanging. The herbivory of R. japonica by this population of white-tailed deer likely stems from an unusually high population density of deer in this suburban area that drove them to seek alternative food resources. This study is another example of the ability of native herbivores to eventually form new relationships with invasive plants, and it provides hope for the biological control of R. japonica by native species in the future.

日本结叶草（Reynoutria japonica Houtt）是一种成功的入侵物种，其原因包括人为栽培、营养繁殖、化感作用、竞争排斥以及本土食草动物的天敌释放。人们一直在寻求一种适当的生物防治剂来帮助控制其优势和蔓延，尽管最近的防治剂在实地研究中未能建立和控制该植物。这一研究结果表明，白尾鹿作为北美食草动物的优势，可以控制或降低日本野鼠在景观上的优势地位。我们的研究证实，新泽西州中部的白尾鹿种群有意和显著地消耗了粳稻，以至于改变了该植物的生长。本研究结果支持了其他研究的结果，即粳稻降低了植物群落的物种丰富度，减少了其他植物的覆盖面积。我们没有发现植物损害（叶片损失）的数量与冠层盖度之间的关系，可能是因为植物的生长形式仍然通过变得粗壮和更多的分支而不是高大和悬垂来产生遮荫。这群白尾鹿的食草性japonica可能源于这个郊区鹿的异常高的种群密度，这迫使它们寻找替代的食物资源。本研究是本地食草动物最终与入侵植物形成新关系的又一例证，并为未来本地物种对粳稻的生物防治提供了希望。

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引用次数: 0

Predation of the slender opossum Marmosops caucae (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) on the venomous spider Phoneutria fera (Araneae: Ctenidae) in Amazonian Ecuador, with a dietary overview for the genus Marmosops 厄瓜多尔亚马逊河流域细长负鼠高加索袋貂（双袋貂科，双袋貂科）捕食有毒蜘蛛费耳蛛（蜘蛛目：栉蛛科），并对袋貂属的饮食进行概述

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00418

Ariel Guerrero-Campoverde , Elias Viteri-Basso , Pedro Peñaherrera-R. , Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia

Small marsupials of the genus Marmosops are widely regarded as omnivore-insectivores, but quantitative information on their diets is fragmentary. Here, we report the first verified predation event of the highly venomous wandering spider Phoneutria fera by Marmosops caucae during a nocturnal survey in Amazonian Ecuador, and provide the most comprehensive synthesis to date of prey use within the genus, based on a literature review and participatory science observations. The synthesis yielded nine primary studies and three iNaturalist records offering diet data for six Marmosops species. Collectively, these records encompass 15 invertebrate orders and five vertebrate classes; Coleoptera and Hymenoptera dominate, whereas large arachnids occur only sporadically. The breadth and composition of prey spectra are best explained by local availability rather than dietary specialisation, underscoring the genus's behavioural flexibility. Our observation expands the known trophic interactions of Marmosops and highlights the need for experimental work on venom tolerance and potential ecological effects on spider guilds.

袋猴属的小型有袋动物被广泛认为是杂食性食虫动物，但其饮食的定量信息是零碎的。在此，我们报告了在厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区的夜间调查中首次证实的高毒性漫游蜘蛛Phoneutria fera被高加索狨猴捕食事件，并基于文献综述和参与科学观察，提供了迄今为止该属内最全面的猎物使用综合。这项综合研究产生了九项初步研究和三份自然学家记录，提供了六种狨猴的饮食数据。这些记录包括15个无脊椎目和5个脊椎动物纲；鞘翅目和膜翅目占多数，而大型蛛形纲只偶有发生。猎物光谱的广度和组成最好的解释是当地的可用性，而不是饮食专业化，强调了该属的行为灵活性。我们的观察扩展了已知的水猴营养相互作用，并强调了对毒液耐受性和蜘蛛行会潜在生态影响的实验工作的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

First record of nectar feeding by the exotic lizard Lepidodactylus lugubris (Duméril & Bibron, 1836) in urban environments in Brazil with notes on unusual feeding behaviors 巴西城市环境中外来蜥蜴Lepidodactylus lugubris采集花蜜的首次记录（dumsamuril & Bibron, 1836），并记录了不寻常的取食行为

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00415

Giovanni Sampaio Palheta , Sílvia Regina Carneiro de Pinho , Annelise Batista D'Angiolella

Interactions between reptiles and plants are less studied than those involving other vertebrate groups, especially in urban environments, which may limit our understanding of the ecological roles of reptiles such as lizards. In this study, we report for the first time a nectarivorous interaction between Lepidodactylus lugubris, a parthenogenetic lizard of the family Gekkonidae, and a plant species in an urban environment in Brazil. We also summarize the existing literature on visually documented nectarivorous behavior for this species in urban environments. The animal was observed feeding on flower nectar during the day in a building. This behavior demonstrates the species' dietary plasticity and highlights that important ecological interactions can occur even in urban environments. In a broad sense, the relationship between lizards and plants has been underestimated, but recent studies indicate that some species may act as occasional pollinators, contributing to the maintenance of local flora. The presence of this gecko in urban areas also underscores the need to better understand the ecological functions performed by reptiles and their resilience in modified habitats. New records and studies on this interaction may help elucidate the ecology of L. lugubris and its potential role in pollination.

与其他脊椎动物群体相比，爬行动物与植物之间的相互作用研究较少，尤其是在城市环境中，这可能限制了我们对爬行动物（如蜥蜴）生态作用的理解。在这项研究中，我们首次报道了巴西城市环境中壁虎科的一种孤雌生殖蜥蜴Lepidodactylus lugubris与一种植物之间的食蜜相互作用。我们还总结了现有文献中视觉记录的该物种在城市环境中的食蜜行为。人们观察到这只动物白天在一座建筑物里吃花蜜。这种行为证明了物种的饮食可塑性，并强调了即使在城市环境中也可能发生重要的生态相互作用。从广义上讲，蜥蜴和植物之间的关系被低估了，但最近的研究表明，一些物种可能偶尔充当传粉者，有助于维护当地的植物群。这种壁虎在城市地区的存在也强调了更好地了解爬行动物的生态功能及其在改变栖息地中的适应能力的必要性。这种相互作用的新记录和新研究可能有助于阐明绿草的生态学及其在传粉中的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

Defying the superorganism: Harvestmen escape ant predation 对抗超级有机体：收割者逃脱蚂蚁的捕食

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00414

Osvaldo Villarreal , Noelia Sierra-Perdomo , Luis Fernando García

Predation is a key ecological interaction shaping community dynamics, yet the role of Opiliones in such interactions, particularly with predatory ants, remains poorly understood. In this study, we report laboratory and field encounters between Neotropical Opiliones from two suborders—Eupnoi (2 species, 1 family) and Laniatores (6 species, 5 families)—and predatory ants from the genera Camponotus, Eciton, Labidus, and Solenopsis. Contrary to expectations, Opiliones consistently evaded predation, both in natural settings across regions including the Colombian Andes, the Venezuelan Amazon, and in Uruguay under controlled laboratory conditions. We propose several hypotheses to explain this evasion: the hardness of the Opiliones' chitinous exoskeleton, immobility and chemical defenses, the latter being widely documented within the group. Contrary to expected, chemical defenses were apparently less frequently used than the other defensive strategies. These findings represent novel records of predator-prey interactions between Opiliones and ants in nature, providing a foundation for future research on defensive strategies in harvestmen and their interactions with potential predators.

捕食是形成群落动态的关键生态相互作用，然而，Opiliones在这种相互作用中的作用，特别是与捕食蚂蚁的相互作用，仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们报告了来自两个亚目- eupnoi（2种，1科）和Laniatores（6种，5科）的新热带Opiliones和来自Camponotus， Eciton， Labidus和Solenopsis的掠食性蚂蚁的实验室和现场相遇。与预期相反，无论是在哥伦比亚安第斯山脉、委内瑞拉亚马逊河流域等地区的自然环境中，还是在乌拉圭的受控实验室条件下，Opiliones都能持续躲避捕食。我们提出了几个假设来解释这种逃避：Opiliones的几丁质外骨骼的硬度，不动性和化学防御，后者在该群体中被广泛记录。与预期相反，化学防御的使用频率明显低于其他防御策略。这些发现代表了自然界中Opiliones与蚂蚁之间捕食-食饵相互作用的新记录，为未来研究收获蚁的防御策略及其与潜在捕食者的相互作用提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Predation of Carollia perspicillata (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) by South American Pepper Frog (Leptodactylus labyrinthicus): unraveling the predator-prey relationship in caves 南美胡椒蛙（Leptodactylus迷路蛙）对红叶蝉（翼目，叶蝉科）的捕食：揭示洞穴中捕食者-猎物关系

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00413

Helbert Sansão , Werther Pereira Ramalho , Silvana R. Sousa-Barbosa , Alessandro R. Morais

Reporting predator-prey interactions is useful for understanding the hunting and defense strategies of the species involved, contributing to reducing knowledge gaps in trophic ecology, behavioral ecology, and natural history. Despite the dietary diversity of anurans, documented cases of anurans preying on bats are rare in the literature, particularly in specific environments such as caves. We present observations on the use of cave habitat and foraging behavior of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus, being the first record of bat predation by this frog in natural conditions. A male L. labyrinthicus was observed making successive leaps until it captured an individual of Carollia perspicillata inside the cave. This is the first recorded instance of a species of Leptodactylus actively preying on bats in full flight. We suggest that in caves with low ceilings, where bats fly close to the ground, species like L. labyrinthicus may benefit from the increased ease of capturing prey. The knowledge of the natural history of these species, especially in terms of behavior and predator-prey relationships, should be further explored, and future studies on niche issues should be approached with a greater level of complexity.

报告捕食者-猎物相互作用有助于了解相关物种的狩猎和防御策略，有助于减少营养生态学、行为生态学和自然史方面的知识空白。尽管无头动物的饮食多样性，但文献中记录的无头动物捕食蝙蝠的案例很少，特别是在洞穴等特定环境中。本文对迷路细趾蛙利用洞穴生境和觅食行为进行了观察，首次记录了迷路细趾蛙在自然条件下捕食蝙蝠的行为。观察到一只雄性迷路乳鼠不断地跳跃，直到它在洞穴中捕获了一个细叶红个体。这是首次记录到的一种细趾龙主动捕食飞行中的蝙蝠。我们认为，在天花板较低的洞穴中，蝙蝠飞得离地面很近，像迷路蝙蝠这样的物种可能会从更容易捕获猎物中受益。这些物种的自然历史，特别是在行为和捕食者-猎物关系方面的知识应该进一步探索，未来对生态位问题的研究应该更加复杂。

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引用次数: 0

Trophic ecology of Caribbean polychaetes: responses to environmental changes driven by massive Sargassum arrivals 加勒比多毛类的营养生态学：对大量马尾藻到来所导致的环境变化的反应

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Food Webs

Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2025.e00411

Isabella Pérez-Posada , Nancy Cabanillas-Terán , Luis F. Carrera-Parra , Diego J. Lizcano , Alberto Sánchez

Sargassum decomposition promotes ecosystem eutrophication and triggers trophic shifts in benthic organisms, including polychaetes. In this study we evaluated the trophic dynamics of polychaetes Eurythoe complanata, Lysidice caribensis, and Nicidion cariboea in response to the massive arrivals of pelagic Sargassum using stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N). The study was conducted across nine sites in the southern Mexican Caribbean during onset and ending periods of massive Sargassum arrivals in 2021. Results revealed significant variations in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values among sites in onset and ending periods, indicating shifts in carbon and nitrogen sources and possible changes in feeding behavior. Lysidice caribensis exhibited the highest trophic plasticity, with trophic position (TP) values ranging from 1.6 to 3, adapting to different trophic guilds depending on resource availability and site characteristics. In contrast, E. complanata, traditionally considered a higher consumer, exhibited a consistently low trophic position (1.3-2.6), suggesting a dietary shift towards algae and detritus under Sargassum-influenced conditions. Nicidion cariboea also displayed lower trophic position and narrower isotopic niches, particularly in sites impacted by Sargassum leachates (1.8 to 3). Standard ellipse area ranged from 0.07 to 5.91 across species, sites and periods, with L. caribensis showing the broadest values in sites with Sargassum influence during ending period. Periodical fluctuations also influenced niche overlap, with greater overlap observed during the ending period, suggesting increased interspecific competition under resource-limited conditions. These findings highlight the adaptive strategies of polychaetes to environmental disturbances and their potential role in a changing reef environment.

马尾藻分解促进生态系统富营养化，并引发底栖生物（包括多毛类）的营养转变。本研究利用稳定的碳和氮同位素（δ13C和δ15N）评价了多毛藻Eurythoe complanata、Lysidice caribensis和nicicidion cariboea对大量远洋马尾藻到来的营养动力学响应。该研究是在2021年大规模马尾藻到达的开始和结束期间在墨西哥加勒比海南部的九个地点进行的。结果显示，在开始期和结束期，不同地点的δ13C和δ15N值发生了显著变化，表明碳氮来源的变化和摄食行为的可能变化。芦笋具有最高的营养可塑性，其营养位置（TP）值在1.6 ~ 3之间，根据资源可得性和立地特征适应不同的营养等级。相比之下，传统上被认为是高消耗者的平腹螺却表现出一贯的低营养地位（1.3-2.6），这表明在受藻藻影响的条件下，它们的饮食向藻类和碎屑转变。加勒比nicicidion cariboea也表现出较低的营养地位和较窄的同位素生态位，特别是在马尾藻渗滤液影响的地点（1.8至3）。不同种、不同地点和不同时期的标准椭圆面积在0.07 ~ 5.91之间，马尾藻影响的地点在结束期的标准椭圆面积最大。周期性波动也影响生态位重叠，在结束期间观察到更大的重叠，这表明在资源有限的条件下，种间竞争加剧。这些发现突出了多毛体对环境干扰的适应策略及其在不断变化的珊瑚礁环境中的潜在作用。

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