Abstract One thousand six hundred and thirty-two male volunteers, all students aged 181.1 yrs, Caucasian by ethnicity, migrants or residents of Russias northeast born in 1-3 generations participated in the somatometric, cardiohemodynamic, and gas exchange assessment, which was conducted to determine the strategy of adaptive readjustments that occur in the body functional systems. Result: By analyzing main indicators in generation dynamics we could see that migrants and 1st generation residents were those whose cardiohemodynamic and energy exchange systems experienced constant stress and inadequate functioning under extreme conditions of Magadan region, while the 3rd generation subjects exhibited optimal performance of the studied systems. We found that those born in the 3rd generation demonstrated their adaptive strategy in increasing the systolic volume at lowered arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance, and elevating the contribution of the high frequency component and total power of the heart rhythm spectrum. That was a new level of the changed influence of both regulation components on the heart rhythm which could be seen in the changed balance of its statistical and spectral wave characteristics. In addition, the level of cardiovascular system adaptability to the North extremes is both the variables of the body physiological indicators and the integral structure of their correlations: their quantity, positive or negative nature, coefficient values, and total significance. Conclusion: All these can evaluate both rigidity and plasticity of functional systems. In general, we can conclude that overall strategy of adaptive changes in cardio hemodynamic and gas exchange shown by rooted residents of the North, in the row from 0 to 3rd generation, aims at reducing total energy costs in functional systems, increasing parasympathetic contribution, developing a new interaction between the links of autonomic nervous regulation, as well as at qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure and patterns of correlation clusters. The obtained results have complemented the understanding of physiological mechanisms of adaptive morphofunctional readjustments experienced by young Caucasian men rooted in Russias Northeast in different generations.
{"title":"ADAPTIVE READJUSTMENT STRATEGY IN FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS OF CAUCASIANS BORN AND ROOTED IN RUSSIA’S NORTHEAST IN DIFFERENT GENERATIONS","authors":"I. Averyanova, Maksimov Arkady Leonidovich,","doi":"10.17816/humeco321856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco321856","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One thousand six hundred and thirty-two male volunteers, all students aged 181.1 yrs, Caucasian by ethnicity, migrants or residents of Russias northeast born in 1-3 generations participated in the somatometric, cardiohemodynamic, and gas exchange assessment, which was conducted to determine the strategy of adaptive readjustments that occur in the body functional systems. Result: By analyzing main indicators in generation dynamics we could see that migrants and 1st generation residents were those whose cardiohemodynamic and energy exchange systems experienced constant stress and inadequate functioning under extreme conditions of Magadan region, while the 3rd generation subjects exhibited optimal performance of the studied systems. We found that those born in the 3rd generation demonstrated their adaptive strategy in increasing the systolic volume at lowered arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance, and elevating the contribution of the high frequency component and total power of the heart rhythm spectrum. That was a new level of the changed influence of both regulation components on the heart rhythm which could be seen in the changed balance of its statistical and spectral wave characteristics. In addition, the level of cardiovascular system adaptability to the North extremes is both the variables of the body physiological indicators and the integral structure of their correlations: their quantity, positive or negative nature, coefficient values, and total significance. Conclusion: All these can evaluate both rigidity and plasticity of functional systems. In general, we can conclude that overall strategy of adaptive changes in cardio hemodynamic and gas exchange shown by rooted residents of the North, in the row from 0 to 3rd generation, aims at reducing total energy costs in functional systems, increasing parasympathetic contribution, developing a new interaction between the links of autonomic nervous regulation, as well as at qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure and patterns of correlation clusters. The obtained results have complemented the understanding of physiological mechanisms of adaptive morphofunctional readjustments experienced by young Caucasian men rooted in Russias Northeast in different generations.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84868080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dmitry Kotsur, Tatyana Yuryevna Sorokina, A. Aksenov, V. Chashchin
This systematic review is the result of a search, critical analysis and synthesis of qualitative evidence of adverse effects on reproductive function, postembryonic survival and morphofunctional development of offspring in aquarium fish Danio rerio (Zebrafish), which are widely used in experimental studies to model carcinogenic, mutagenic and general toxic effects when human are exposed to a large class of persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The literature search was carried out in the international scientific databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and eLibrary in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations. A total of 613 articles were identified, of which 14 articles were selected for detailed analysis. In 11 publications, the assessment of PCB exposure-related impact on the reproductive system of Danio rerio was presented, and in 8 articles reported on the results of studying the effect of parental exposure to PCBs on the offspring viability and its postembryonic development. It is noted that the adverse effects of PCBs, or their mixtures with other POPs, on the reproductive system of Danio rerio males have been studied to a much lesser extent than in females. The risk transmission of morphological and functional disorders to subsequent generations associated with separate parental exposure to PCBs of both sexes, and the dose-response relationship, judging by the published works, have not received a proper assessment. The developmental disorders in offspring were studied only for the first generation after parental exposure to mixtures of POPs and PCBs. The lack of such information does not allow for a correct assessment of the transgenerational risk inheritance phenomenon of morphological and functional disorders associated with the progenitors exposure to PCBs and other environmental endocrine-disrupting pollutants. The results of the performed analysis can be useful in planning an experimental quantitative assessment, predicting and preventing human reproductive health impairments and the health of future generations.
本系统综述是对水族鱼斑马鱼生殖功能、胚胎后存活和后代形态功能发育的不利影响的定性证据进行搜索、批判性分析和综合的结果，这些证据被广泛用于实验研究，以模拟人类暴露于大量持久性有机污染物(包括多氯联苯)时的致癌、致突变和一般毒性效应。根据PRISMA 2020的建议，在国际科学数据库Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed和library中进行文献检索。共识别出613篇文章，选取其中的14篇文章进行详细分析。11篇发表了多氯联苯暴露对斑马鱼生殖系统影响的评估，8篇报道了父母接触多氯联苯对后代生存能力和胚胎后发育影响的研究结果。值得注意的是，多氯联苯或其与其他持久性有机污染物的混合物对斑马鱼雄性生殖系统的不利影响的研究程度远低于对雌性的研究。从已发表的研究成果来看，与父母分别接触多氯联苯有关的形态和功能障碍传给后代的风险，以及剂量-反应关系，尚未得到适当的评估。仅对父母接触持久性有机污染物和多氯联苯混合物后的第一代后代的发育障碍进行了研究。由于缺乏此类信息，无法正确评估与接触多氯联苯和其他环境内分泌干扰污染物有关的形态和功能紊乱的跨代风险遗传现象。所进行的分析结果可用于规划实验性定量评估、预测和预防人类生殖健康损害和子孙后代的健康。
{"title":"DANIO RERIO AS A MODEL FOR STUDYING REPRODUCTIVE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN EXPOSURE TO POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENILS. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.","authors":"Dmitry Kotsur, Tatyana Yuryevna Sorokina, A. Aksenov, V. Chashchin","doi":"10.17816/humeco321190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco321190","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review is the result of a search, critical analysis and synthesis of qualitative evidence of adverse effects on reproductive function, postembryonic survival and morphofunctional development of offspring in aquarium fish Danio rerio (Zebrafish), which are widely used in experimental studies to model carcinogenic, mutagenic and general toxic effects when human are exposed to a large class of persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The literature search was carried out in the international scientific databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and eLibrary in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations. A total of 613 articles were identified, of which 14 articles were selected for detailed analysis. In 11 publications, the assessment of PCB exposure-related impact on the reproductive system of Danio rerio was presented, and in 8 articles reported on the results of studying the effect of parental exposure to PCBs on the offspring viability and its postembryonic development. It is noted that the adverse effects of PCBs, or their mixtures with other POPs, on the reproductive system of Danio rerio males have been studied to a much lesser extent than in females. The risk transmission of morphological and functional disorders to subsequent generations associated with separate parental exposure to PCBs of both sexes, and the dose-response relationship, judging by the published works, have not received a proper assessment. The developmental disorders in offspring were studied only for the first generation after parental exposure to mixtures of POPs and PCBs. The lack of such information does not allow for a correct assessment of the transgenerational risk inheritance phenomenon of morphological and functional disorders associated with the progenitors exposure to PCBs and other environmental endocrine-disrupting pollutants. The results of the performed analysis can be useful in planning an experimental quantitative assessment, predicting and preventing human reproductive health impairments and the health of future generations.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83297108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study is devoted to how (dis)trust is constructed in the measures taken by the authorities during the coronovirus pandemic. Using the concept of biopolitics, we analyze the reactions of social network users and their communication with the authorities. The material for the analysis was publications for 1 year on various anti-covid measures - vaccination, mask regimen, distance learning and other restrictions and comments on them in one of the official public pages of the St. Petersburg authorities. The AntConc program was used for analysis. Based on the results, we identified 3 discourses, of which 2 are most clearly represented - disagreements and resistances. They are based on distrust, doubts and unwillingness to follow the proposed measures on the part of users. It is within the framework of these two discourses that the most active communication of users with different authorities takes place. Communication is built on the same patterns - in response to questions, the authorities give template references to regulations governing specific restrictions, which does not lead to the emergence of trust and only increases the reciprocal dissatisfaction on the part of users. The discourse of consent is based on the expression of solidarity with the measures taken, and the central point here is persuasive communication by some users of others in favor of vaccination, keeping a distance, wearing masks. Since there are practically no opportunities for active and legal resistance to biopolitics measures, we believe that in practice discursive resistance results in the invention of evasion tactics - not wearing a mask, not getting vaccinated, getting a fake Quarcode, etc.
{"title":"Constructing (not) Trust in Covid Discourses","authors":"O. Parfenova, K. Galkin","doi":"10.17816/humeco322845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco322845","url":null,"abstract":"The study is devoted to how (dis)trust is constructed in the measures taken by the authorities during the coronovirus pandemic. Using the concept of biopolitics, we analyze the reactions of social network users and their communication with the authorities. The material for the analysis was publications for 1 year on various anti-covid measures - vaccination, mask regimen, distance learning and other restrictions and comments on them in one of the official public pages of the St. Petersburg authorities. The AntConc program was used for analysis. Based on the results, we identified 3 discourses, of which 2 are most clearly represented - disagreements and resistances. They are based on distrust, doubts and unwillingness to follow the proposed measures on the part of users. It is within the framework of these two discourses that the most active communication of users with different authorities takes place. Communication is built on the same patterns - in response to questions, the authorities give template references to regulations governing specific restrictions, which does not lead to the emergence of trust and only increases the reciprocal dissatisfaction on the part of users. The discourse of consent is based on the expression of solidarity with the measures taken, and the central point here is persuasive communication by some users of others in favor of vaccination, keeping a distance, wearing masks. Since there are practically no opportunities for active and legal resistance to biopolitics measures, we believe that in practice discursive resistance results in the invention of evasion tactics - not wearing a mask, not getting vaccinated, getting a fake Quarcode, etc.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89487984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Masnavieva, Natalia Efimova, I. Kudaeva, O. Zhurba
The number of people with sensitization and allergies increases annually. The occurrence of allergopathology can be influenced by external effects on the body of children, exposure of parents to chemical compounds in the period preceding birth and the sex of the child. The purpose of the work was to identify the sex differences in sensitization to formaldehyde in adolescents of industrial cities with hereditary chemical cargo. A survey was conducted of 800 boys and girls living under conditions of various inhalation loads with formaldehyde. The parents of these teenagers were exposed to chemical factors or were not exposed to it in the production activity. A total of 340 adolescents met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (Ig E) and the content of formaldehyde in urine were determined in them. The sensitization to formaldehyde was assessed by the leukocytes migration inhibition test (LMIT) with this compound. For these high school students the personalized hazard indices of formaldehyde exposure (HQ) were calculated due to its inhalation intake from the air. Among adolescents without hereditary chemical burden, the migration index in LMIT in the group of boys was higher compared to the group of girls. Atmospheric air pollution with formaldehyde (HQ1) increased the relative risk of sensitization to this toxicant by three times in the group of young men whose parents had no industrial contact with chemical compounds during the pre-gestation period. Thus, the sensitization to formaldehyde was more common among boys aged 14-17 years than among girls of the same age. Higher levels of Ig E were typical for male adolescents. The presence of sex differences in the sensitization of the body of adolescents to pollutants confirms the need to take into account sex for the development of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at preventing the development of allergopathology and preserving the health of the population.
{"title":"THE SEX DIFFERENCES OF SENSITIZATION TO FORMALDEHYDE IN ADOLESCENTS OF INDUSTRIAL CITIES WITH HEREDITARY CHEMICAL BURDEN","authors":"L. Masnavieva, Natalia Efimova, I. Kudaeva, O. Zhurba","doi":"10.17816/humeco133608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco133608","url":null,"abstract":"The number of people with sensitization and allergies increases annually. The occurrence of allergopathology can be influenced by external effects on the body of children, exposure of parents to chemical compounds in the period preceding birth and the sex of the child. The purpose of the work was to identify the sex differences in sensitization to formaldehyde in adolescents of industrial cities with hereditary chemical cargo. A survey was conducted of 800 boys and girls living under conditions of various inhalation loads with formaldehyde. The parents of these teenagers were exposed to chemical factors or were not exposed to it in the production activity. A total of 340 adolescents met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (Ig E) and the content of formaldehyde in urine were determined in them. The sensitization to formaldehyde was assessed by the leukocytes migration inhibition test (LMIT) with this compound. For these high school students the personalized hazard indices of formaldehyde exposure (HQ) were calculated due to its inhalation intake from the air. Among adolescents without hereditary chemical burden, the migration index in LMIT in the group of boys was higher compared to the group of girls. Atmospheric air pollution with formaldehyde (HQ1) increased the relative risk of sensitization to this toxicant by three times in the group of young men whose parents had no industrial contact with chemical compounds during the pre-gestation period. Thus, the sensitization to formaldehyde was more common among boys aged 14-17 years than among girls of the same age. Higher levels of Ig E were typical for male adolescents. The presence of sex differences in the sensitization of the body of adolescents to pollutants confirms the need to take into account sex for the development of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at preventing the development of allergopathology and preserving the health of the population.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86523996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gribanov, Taisiia Shiryaeva, Irina Fateeva, D. Fedotov, Oksana S. Preminina, T. Anoshina
The aim of the study was to identify the characteristic features of brain activity according to the distribution of the DC-potential level in elderly women with different levels of vegetative tone living in the Russian Arctic. Materials and methods. In a cross-sectional simultaneous study, differences in the indicators of DC-potential level were considered in three groups of elderly women with different levels of vegetative tone: vagotonics, normotonics, sympathotonics. A total of 121 elderly women permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Arctic were studied. Registration of the DC-potential level of the brain was carried out using a 12-channel hardware-software diagnostic complex "Neuro-KM". The assessment of the autonomic regulation of the heart rate was carried out using the hardware complex "VNS-spectrum". The results of the study. Significant differences were found in the neuroenergy exchange of the brain in normotonic and sympathotonic women in the frontal and temporal regions. Significant differences between sympathotonics and vagotonics were revealed in the frontal areas in the right and left leads. Factor analysis was used to obtain data on the localization of predominant brain activity in elderly women with various types of vegetative tone. Conclusions. The study of the functional activity of the brain in elderly women with different vegetative tone demonstrated the presence of specific changes in the distribution of values of the constant potential level, which may indicate some change in the mechanisms characterizing the state of cerebral energy exchange.
{"title":"FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN IN ELDERLY WOMEN OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITH DIFFERENT VEGETATIVE TONE","authors":"A. Gribanov, Taisiia Shiryaeva, Irina Fateeva, D. Fedotov, Oksana S. Preminina, T. Anoshina","doi":"10.17816/humeco312586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco312586","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify the characteristic features of brain activity according to the distribution of the DC-potential level in elderly women with different levels of vegetative tone living in the Russian Arctic. Materials and methods. In a cross-sectional simultaneous study, differences in the indicators of DC-potential level were considered in three groups of elderly women with different levels of vegetative tone: vagotonics, normotonics, sympathotonics. A total of 121 elderly women permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Arctic were studied. Registration of the DC-potential level of the brain was carried out using a 12-channel hardware-software diagnostic complex \"Neuro-KM\". The assessment of the autonomic regulation of the heart rate was carried out using the hardware complex \"VNS-spectrum\". The results of the study. Significant differences were found in the neuroenergy exchange of the brain in normotonic and sympathotonic women in the frontal and temporal regions. Significant differences between sympathotonics and vagotonics were revealed in the frontal areas in the right and left leads. Factor analysis was used to obtain data on the localization of predominant brain activity in elderly women with various types of vegetative tone. Conclusions. The study of the functional activity of the brain in elderly women with different vegetative tone demonstrated the presence of specific changes in the distribution of values of the constant potential level, which may indicate some change in the mechanisms characterizing the state of cerebral energy exchange.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73728498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. In cities with developed industry and infrastructure, the problem of pollution with supertoxicants, including benz(a)pyrene (BP), is relevant. In most of the analyzed works, there is an excess of regulatory requirements for the content of BP in the soils of urban areas. There is no information in the literature about BP contamination of soils in the cities of the Khabarovsk Territory. Background. Assessment of the level of contamination of benz(a)pyrene functional zones of Khabarovsk. Objects and methods. The content of benz(a)pyrene in the surface layer of the soil of industrial, agricultural and residential zones of Khabarovsk was studied using a liquid chromatograph "Waters HPLC 2475". 78 samples were examined, a significant part of which was taken in residential (38 samples) and industrial (34 samples) zones. Assessment of compliance with permissible standards and determination of the degree of contamination of the studied soils were carried out in accordance with SanPiN 2.1.3684-21 and SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. Results. It was found that 62.8% of all the samples studied have the category "clean", while 35.9% of the samples were not contaminated. The share of samples with the category: acceptable was 12.8%, dangerous - 11.5%, extremely dangerous - 9%. The most polluted functional zone is residential buildings, since it is located along the perimeter of production zones and, directly, the largest stationary sources of emissions falling into their dispersion zones. Almost all soil sampling points in which the content of benz(a)pyrene exceeds 5 MPC (maximum permissible concentrations) are located in the zones of influence of Khabarovsk CHP No. 2 and Khabarovsk Oil Refinery. Conclusions. The current situation is due to the imperfection of urban planning solutions that do not take into account the aerogenic introduction of pollutants and their accumulation in the soils of the residential area.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF SOIL POLLUTION IN KHABAROVSK BENZ(A)PYRENE","authors":"A. M. Koshelkov, L. Mayorova","doi":"10.17816/humeco112097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco112097","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In cities with developed industry and infrastructure, the problem of pollution with supertoxicants, including benz(a)pyrene (BP), is relevant. In most of the analyzed works, there is an excess of regulatory requirements for the content of BP in the soils of urban areas. There is no information in the literature about BP contamination of soils in the cities of the Khabarovsk Territory. \u0000Background. Assessment of the level of contamination of benz(a)pyrene functional zones of Khabarovsk. \u0000Objects and methods. The content of benz(a)pyrene in the surface layer of the soil of industrial, agricultural and residential zones of Khabarovsk was studied using a liquid chromatograph \"Waters HPLC 2475\". 78 samples were examined, a significant part of which was taken in residential (38 samples) and industrial (34 samples) zones. Assessment of compliance with permissible standards and determination of the degree of contamination of the studied soils were carried out in accordance with SanPiN 2.1.3684-21 and SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. \u0000Results. It was found that 62.8% of all the samples studied have the category \"clean\", while 35.9% of the samples were not contaminated. The share of samples with the category: acceptable was 12.8%, dangerous - 11.5%, extremely dangerous - 9%. The most polluted functional zone is residential buildings, since it is located along the perimeter of production zones and, directly, the largest stationary sources of emissions falling into their dispersion zones. Almost all soil sampling points in which the content of benz(a)pyrene exceeds 5 MPC (maximum permissible concentrations) are located in the zones of influence of Khabarovsk CHP No. 2 and Khabarovsk Oil Refinery. \u0000Conclusions. The current situation is due to the imperfection of urban planning solutions that do not take into account the aerogenic introduction of pollutants and their accumulation in the soils of the residential area.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86200338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The health status of the population and the economic development of the country are interrelated. The economic costs of compensatory payments associated with an increase in the incidence of diseases among company employees are constantly growing. The indirect costs of employers related to the health of employees are made up of absenteeism and presenteeism of employees. Determining the prevalence of frequency and level of presenteeism and the costs associated with it requires a special approach. The aim is to present the experience of adapting the tool for measuring the level of presenteeism among employees of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. In 2020, experts from the NMRC TPM developed a set of tools (a questionnaire for employers and a questionnaire for employees). The 5-block employee questionnaire includes a translated and adapted version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale. This unit assesses the degree of decline in productivity due to health conditions and, accordingly, when planning health promotion programs, calculate the opportunities to reduce presenteeism and increase productivity. Results. As a result, 553 completed questionnaires were received from employees. Among the interviewed employees, there were 33.5% of men (n = 187), the average age was 39.8 10.7 years, the average age of women was 42.6 11.1 years. Mostly employees had an average level of presenteeism (n=271, 57.3%), while low and high levels were observed in 41.2% (n=196) and 1.5% (n=6), respectively. The average level of presenteeism was in 96 men (59.9%) and 175 women (55.9%). Presenteeism is most prevalent among employees aged 40 to 49 (33.2%, n=157), and least prevalent among employees over 60 (5.7%, n=27). The minimum level of presenteeism was observed among technical specialists (6.1%, n=29), as well as among managers (10.1%, n=48). Conclusions. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale is characterized by conciseness, multiplicity, ease of obtaining and interpreting the results, which ensures the reliability of its application and allows us to recommend using the SPS for real practice. This paper describes the process of adaptation of the Stanford scale of presenteeism for Russian workers, in particular, the choice of this scale for adaptation in Russia is explained.
{"title":"The results of the adaptation of the Stanford scale of presenteeism among the working population in the Russian Federation","authors":"A. Antsiferova, A. Kontsevaya, O. Drapkina","doi":"10.17816/humeco114837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco114837","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The health status of the population and the economic development of the country are interrelated. The economic costs of compensatory payments associated with an increase in the incidence of diseases among company employees are constantly growing. The indirect costs of employers related to the health of employees are made up of absenteeism and presenteeism of employees. Determining the prevalence of frequency and level of presenteeism and the costs associated with it requires a special approach. \u0000The aim is to present the experience of adapting the tool for measuring the level of presenteeism among employees of the Russian Federation. \u0000Materials and methods. In 2020, experts from the NMRC TPM developed a set of tools (a questionnaire for employers and a questionnaire for employees). The 5-block employee questionnaire includes a translated and adapted version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale. This unit assesses the degree of decline in productivity due to health conditions and, accordingly, when planning health promotion programs, calculate the opportunities to reduce presenteeism and increase productivity. \u0000Results. As a result, 553 completed questionnaires were received from employees. Among the interviewed employees, there were 33.5% of men (n = 187), the average age was 39.8 10.7 years, the average age of women was 42.6 11.1 years. Mostly employees had an average level of presenteeism (n=271, 57.3%), while low and high levels were observed in 41.2% (n=196) and 1.5% (n=6), respectively. The average level of presenteeism was in 96 men (59.9%) and 175 women (55.9%). Presenteeism is most prevalent among employees aged 40 to 49 (33.2%, n=157), and least prevalent among employees over 60 (5.7%, n=27). The minimum level of presenteeism was observed among technical specialists (6.1%, n=29), as well as among managers (10.1%, n=48). \u0000Conclusions. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale is characterized by conciseness, multiplicity, ease of obtaining and interpreting the results, which ensures the reliability of its application and allows us to recommend using the SPS for real practice. This paper describes the process of adaptation of the Stanford scale of presenteeism for Russian workers, in particular, the choice of this scale for adaptation in Russia is explained.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"228 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82743372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larisa Evgenyevna Deryagina, E. N. Pilnik, V. L. Reinyuk, Alexander O. Pyatibrat
Abstract. Against the background of the steady pace of urbanization, the negative impact of anthropogenic toxic substances on human health is increasing every year. The most sensitive to the action of ecotoxicants is the child and adolescent organism. Given the acute reaction of the skin to the influence of toxic chemicals, aggravated by humoral changes in the body during puberty, the identification of criteria for the toxic etiology of acne is certainly relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the criteria of the predominantly toxicological mechanism of acne formation. To assess the effect of anthropogenic dermatotoxicants on the formation of acne, 595 children and various districts of the Moscow region were examined, of which 301 adolescents suffered from acne, and 294 practically healthy children made up the control group. The study used spectrometric, cytogenetic, biochemical and immunological research methods. The content of essential and toxic trace elements in adolescent hair samples was evaluated. A micronuclear test was performed in buccal epithelial cells. The testosterone level and the immunoregulatory index were evaluated. The results obtained in the study indicate at least two mechanisms of the formation of acne vulgaris in adolescents. The first is associated with a violation of the regulation of sex hormones, and the second with the dermatotoxicity of anthropogenic ecotoxicants. Adolescents with predominantly intoxicating etiology were characterized by low concentrations of selenium and zinc, high mercury and lead in hair samples, as well as an increase in the number of micronuclei in the buccal epithelium. Adolescents with predominantly hormonal etiology were characterized by an increase in testosterone levels and a decrease in the immunoregulatory index. At the same time, in adolescents with signs of genetic instability determined by the results of a micronucleus test, the clinical course of acne was significantly more severe than in children without pronounced karyopathology. Based on statistical processing of these data, prognostic algorithms were built to differentiate acne in adolescents by etiological factor. Thus, anthropogenic chemical toxicants, represented mainly by heavy metal salts, have an aggravating effect on the formation and course of acne in adolescents.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF ANTHROPOGENIC DERMATOTOXICANTS IN THE FORMATION OF ACNE IN ADOLESCENTS","authors":"Larisa Evgenyevna Deryagina, E. N. Pilnik, V. L. Reinyuk, Alexander O. Pyatibrat","doi":"10.17816/humeco112524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco112524","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Against the background of the steady pace of urbanization, the negative impact of anthropogenic toxic substances on human health is increasing every year. The most sensitive to the action of ecotoxicants is the child and adolescent organism. Given the acute reaction of the skin to the influence of toxic chemicals, aggravated by humoral changes in the body during puberty, the identification of criteria for the toxic etiology of acne is certainly relevant. \u0000The aim of the study was to determine the criteria of the predominantly toxicological mechanism of acne formation. \u0000To assess the effect of anthropogenic dermatotoxicants on the formation of acne, 595 children and various districts of the Moscow region were examined, of which 301 adolescents suffered from acne, and 294 practically healthy children made up the control group. The study used spectrometric, cytogenetic, biochemical and immunological research methods. The content of essential and toxic trace elements in adolescent hair samples was evaluated. A micronuclear test was performed in buccal epithelial cells. The testosterone level and the immunoregulatory index were evaluated. \u0000The results obtained in the study indicate at least two mechanisms of the formation of acne vulgaris in adolescents. The first is associated with a violation of the regulation of sex hormones, and the second with the dermatotoxicity of anthropogenic ecotoxicants. Adolescents with predominantly intoxicating etiology were characterized by low concentrations of selenium and zinc, high mercury and lead in hair samples, as well as an increase in the number of micronuclei in the buccal epithelium. Adolescents with predominantly hormonal etiology were characterized by an increase in testosterone levels and a decrease in the immunoregulatory index. At the same time, in adolescents with signs of genetic instability determined by the results of a micronucleus test, the clinical course of acne was significantly more severe than in children without pronounced karyopathology. Based on statistical processing of these data, prognostic algorithms were built to differentiate acne in adolescents by etiological factor. \u0000Thus, anthropogenic chemical toxicants, represented mainly by heavy metal salts, have an aggravating effect on the formation and course of acne in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83561917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. As H. Selye noted in his works, the influence of factors of various etiologies can act on humans and cause a complex complex response of the body in the form of a stress reaction, and as a result, the development of imbalance of regulatory physiological systems. Purpose. Studied the impact of the effect of a technogenic rotating electric field (REF) on the content of carbohydrate-containing liver biopolymers in animals with different sensitivity to stress. Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 36 male rats. In the liver homogenate, the levels of sialic acids (SA), mucoproteins (MP), fucose (FC) and -L-fucosidase (-L-F) were determined before, on the 10th and 20th day of REF exposure. Prior to the study, animals were diagnosed by the "open field" method to determine stress resistance and were differentiated into groups: stress resistant (SR), stress unstable (SU) and ambivalent (SA). Results. On the 10th day of exposure to REF in the liver homogenate in all rats, an increase in all the studied parameters was noted, which is typical for catabolic processes. Namely, an increase in the concentration of SA: in SR 14% (p=0,02), SU 29% (p=0,02), SA 26% (p=0,02). The FC content increased by 24% (p=0,01) in SR individuals, 27% (p=0,01) in SU, and 31% (p=0,01) in SA. There was an increase in the activity of -L-F, in SR 55% (p=0,02), in SU 63% (p=0,02), in SA 55% (p=0,02). MP level increased and amounted to 58% (p=0,01) in SR, 76% (p=0,01) in SU, and 65% (p=0,02) in SA. The most pronounced catabolic processes were observed in the SU group of individuals. By the 20th day of the experiment, the severity of the processes of decomposition of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers decreased in all groups. Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate that a technogenic rotating electric field changes the content of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers in the liver of animals, contributing to the activation of catabolic processes, the severity of which depends on the initial sensitivity to stress.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE TECHNOGENIC STRESS ON CARBOHYDRATE-CONTAINING LIVER BIOPOLYMERS OF RATS WITH DIFFERENT SENSITIVITY TO STRESS","authors":"T. Vorontsova","doi":"10.17816/humeco111558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco111558","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. As H. Selye noted in his works, the influence of factors of various etiologies can act on humans and cause a complex complex response of the body in the form of a stress reaction, and as a result, the development of imbalance of regulatory physiological systems. \u0000Purpose. Studied the impact of the effect of a technogenic rotating electric field (REF) on the content of carbohydrate-containing liver biopolymers in animals with different sensitivity to stress. \u0000Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 36 male rats. In the liver homogenate, the levels of sialic acids (SA), mucoproteins (MP), fucose (FC) and -L-fucosidase (-L-F) were determined before, on the 10th and 20th day of REF exposure. Prior to the study, animals were diagnosed by the \"open field\" method to determine stress resistance and were differentiated into groups: stress resistant (SR), stress unstable (SU) and ambivalent (SA). \u0000Results. On the 10th day of exposure to REF in the liver homogenate in all rats, an increase in all the studied parameters was noted, which is typical for catabolic processes. Namely, an increase in the concentration of SA: in SR 14% (p=0,02), SU 29% (p=0,02), SA 26% (p=0,02). The FC content increased by 24% (p=0,01) in SR individuals, 27% (p=0,01) in SU, and 31% (p=0,01) in SA. There was an increase in the activity of -L-F, in SR 55% (p=0,02), in SU 63% (p=0,02), in SA 55% (p=0,02). MP level increased and amounted to 58% (p=0,01) in SR, 76% (p=0,01) in SU, and 65% (p=0,02) in SA. The most pronounced catabolic processes were observed in the SU group of individuals. By the 20th day of the experiment, the severity of the processes of decomposition of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers decreased in all groups. \u0000Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate that a technogenic rotating electric field changes the content of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers in the liver of animals, contributing to the activation of catabolic processes, the severity of which depends on the initial sensitivity to stress.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84877408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Radionov, Mikhail Yu Sorokin, T. Karavaeva, N. Lutova
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the mental health and well-being of people around the world. Vaccination is one of the key components of preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, despite the high risks of COVID-19, there is widespread disapproval and hostility towards vaccination and restrictive measures aimed at stopping the infection process. The spread of misinformation about vaccines, which has a long history as far back as the 18th and 19th centuries, increases distrust of immunization, but in turn is based on different beliefs about the sources of health and disease accepted in society. Vaccine skepticism is believed to be one of the global threats to public health and the achievement of population immunity against infections. In this connection, population data on attitudes towards vaccination within the largest possible number of social subgroups are of interest. A review was made of the subject field of scientific articles in Russian from 01/01/2020 to 02/28/2022, which reported on the attitude to vaccination of more than 12 thousand respondents from the Russian-speaking population of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, and described the factors influencing the formation of readiness for immunoprophylaxis against the new coronavirus infection. The percentage of respondents who agreed, disagreed and doubted about the implementation of vaccination was determined, with the calculation of the median values for the included publications without taking into account the weight of each of the presented studies. Compared with a large number of foreign countries, the Russian-speaking population showed both high levels of unwillingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (30%) and relatively low rates of readiness for immunoprophylaxis (47%). The factors associated with different types of attitudes towards vaccination were analyzed. The conclusion is made about the validity of using theoretical models for describing health-related behavior to improve the quality and information content of Russian biomedical and socio-psychological research.
{"title":"Readiness of the Russian-speaking population of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan for vaccination against COVID-19 in 2020-2022: a review of the subject field","authors":"D. Radionov, Mikhail Yu Sorokin, T. Karavaeva, N. Lutova","doi":"10.17816/humeco112521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco112521","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the mental health and well-being of people around the world. Vaccination is one of the key components of preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, despite the high risks of COVID-19, there is widespread disapproval and hostility towards vaccination and restrictive measures aimed at stopping the infection process. The spread of misinformation about vaccines, which has a long history as far back as the 18th and 19th centuries, increases distrust of immunization, but in turn is based on different beliefs about the sources of health and disease accepted in society. Vaccine skepticism is believed to be one of the global threats to public health and the achievement of population immunity against infections. In this connection, population data on attitudes towards vaccination within the largest possible number of social subgroups are of interest. \u0000A review was made of the subject field of scientific articles in Russian from 01/01/2020 to 02/28/2022, which reported on the attitude to vaccination of more than 12 thousand respondents from the Russian-speaking population of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, and described the factors influencing the formation of readiness for immunoprophylaxis against the new coronavirus infection. The percentage of respondents who agreed, disagreed and doubted about the implementation of vaccination was determined, with the calculation of the median values for the included publications without taking into account the weight of each of the presented studies. \u0000Compared with a large number of foreign countries, the Russian-speaking population showed both high levels of unwillingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (30%) and relatively low rates of readiness for immunoprophylaxis (47%). The factors associated with different types of attitudes towards vaccination were analyzed. The conclusion is made about the validity of using theoretical models for describing health-related behavior to improve the quality and information content of Russian biomedical and socio-psychological research.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86416183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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