Natalia A. Bebyakova, Sergey Levitsky, Irina A. Shabalina, Tatyana Mikhailovna Komandresova, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
A personalized healthy aging program based on the preservation of the intrinsic capacity as a set of functional abilities in old age should take into account genetic (hereditary) factors that affect the structure and functions of organs and systems of the body and their age-related changes. An individual genetic profile can be an important tool for ensuring healthy aging. For this reason, numerous studies focus on identifying the genetic mechanisms of aging and longevity and the associated multifactorial diseases. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disorders contribute to the formation of pathological conditions associated with cardiovascular disease, cognitive changes, functioning of auditory and visual analyzers, and are the probable predictors of functional disorders in older adults. This article is a literature review of the involvement of RAS gene polymorphisms in the aging processes. The performed analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature has brought new light on the contribution of polymorphic variants of the angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) genes to the occurrence and development of pathological conditions and the associated decreases in the intrinsic capacity. The findings suggest that testing for these polymorphisms can be of a practical importance for personalized prognosis and the development of timely preventive programs aimed at improving life expectancy and quality among the elderly.
{"title":"RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM GENE POLYMORPHISM AND AGING","authors":"Natalia A. Bebyakova, Sergey Levitsky, Irina A. Shabalina, Tatyana Mikhailovna Komandresova, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev","doi":"10.17816/humeco516580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco516580","url":null,"abstract":"A personalized healthy aging program based on the preservation of the intrinsic capacity as a set of functional abilities in old age should take into account genetic (hereditary) factors that affect the structure and functions of organs and systems of the body and their age-related changes. An individual genetic profile can be an important tool for ensuring healthy aging. For this reason, numerous studies focus on identifying the genetic mechanisms of aging and longevity and the associated multifactorial diseases. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disorders contribute to the formation of pathological conditions associated with cardiovascular disease, cognitive changes, functioning of auditory and visual analyzers, and are the probable predictors of functional disorders in older adults. This article is a literature review of the involvement of RAS gene polymorphisms in the aging processes. The performed analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature has brought new light on the contribution of polymorphic variants of the angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) genes to the occurrence and development of pathological conditions and the associated decreases in the intrinsic capacity. The findings suggest that testing for these polymorphisms can be of a practical importance for personalized prognosis and the development of timely preventive programs aimed at improving life expectancy and quality among the elderly.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135476714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladislav Nikiforov, Evgenia Blinova, Alexander Akleyev
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The intrauterine period of development of the body is the most sensitive to the action of ionizing radiation. Although the effects of prenatal radiation exposure remain poorly understood, it is assumed that antenatal irradiated organisms constitute a risk group for the development of long-term somatic-stochastic effects of radiation exposure.
AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of mRNA of cell cycle genes (TP53, MDM2, CDKN1a, ATM) in the long-term in individuals exposed to chronic radiation exposure on the Teche River during intrauterine development.
METHODS: The study was conducted more than 60 years after the onset of chronic radiation exposure in 170 people. Of these, 54 people were exposed in the prenatal and postnatal periods of development, 80 people were exposed to chronic radiation after birth. The comparison group included 36 people living in similar socio-economic conditions, with an accumulated dose of red bone marrow radiation not exceeding 70 mGr for the entire period of life.
RESULTS: It has been shown that in the long-term period, residents of the coastal villages of the Techa River, exposed during the periods of antenatal and postnatal development, there is a decrease in the relative mRNA content of the MDM2 and CDKN1a genes compared to the comparison group and people whose chronic radiation exposure occurred after birth. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that there is no dependence of changes in the mRNA expression of the studied genes on the amount of accumulated absorbed dose of intrauterine and postnatal exposure of red bone marrow in the examined people.
CONCLUSION: It can be assumed that a decrease in the transcriptional activity of the MDM2 and CDKN1a genes in persons exposed to chronic radiation exposure in the prenatal period may play a role in the development of long-term effects of radiation exposure in humans.
{"title":"EXPRESSION OF CELL CYCLE GENES IN THE IN-UTERO EXPOSED TECHA RIVER RESIDENTS","authors":"Vladislav Nikiforov, Evgenia Blinova, Alexander Akleyev","doi":"10.17816/humeco568691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco568691","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract
 BACKGROUND: The intrauterine period of development of the body is the most sensitive to the action of ionizing radiation. Although the effects of prenatal radiation exposure remain poorly understood, it is assumed that antenatal irradiated organisms constitute a risk group for the development of long-term somatic-stochastic effects of radiation exposure.
 AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of mRNA of cell cycle genes (TP53, MDM2, CDKN1a, ATM) in the long-term in individuals exposed to chronic radiation exposure on the Teche River during intrauterine development.
 METHODS: The study was conducted more than 60 years after the onset of chronic radiation exposure in 170 people. Of these, 54 people were exposed in the prenatal and postnatal periods of development, 80 people were exposed to chronic radiation after birth. The comparison group included 36 people living in similar socio-economic conditions, with an accumulated dose of red bone marrow radiation not exceeding 70 mGr for the entire period of life.
 RESULTS: It has been shown that in the long-term period, residents of the coastal villages of the Techa River, exposed during the periods of antenatal and postnatal development, there is a decrease in the relative mRNA content of the MDM2 and CDKN1a genes compared to the comparison group and people whose chronic radiation exposure occurred after birth. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that there is no dependence of changes in the mRNA expression of the studied genes on the amount of accumulated absorbed dose of intrauterine and postnatal exposure of red bone marrow in the examined people.
 CONCLUSION: It can be assumed that a decrease in the transcriptional activity of the MDM2 and CDKN1a genes in persons exposed to chronic radiation exposure in the prenatal period may play a role in the development of long-term effects of radiation exposure in humans.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"87 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikita Andreevich Mitkin, Sergei Nikolaevich Drachev, Ekaterina Anatolievna Krieger, Vitaly Aleksandrovich Postoev, Andrej Mechislavovich Grjibovski
Cross-sectional studies are commonly found in Russian medical literature. However, a significant number of these studies fail to consider sample size calculation during the planning phase, often relying on basic statistical methods. This not only restricts the usefulness of the data but also increases the risk of drawing inaccurate conclusions.
The primary focus of this article is to provide a step-by-step guide for the sample size calculation process. By following our guidelines, researchers can ensure that their cross-sectional studies are adequately powered to yield meaningful and reliable results. We recognize the importance of tailoring sample size calculations to the specific objectives and data characteristics of each study, and thus our approach is flexible and adaptable.
While numerous software options exist for sample size calculation, we use G*Power software for all examples in this paper. Each step in our guide is complemented by examples and detailed screenshots, ensuring that the material is both comprehensible and practically applicable. Moreover, we interpret every dialog box and screenshot to make the users comfortable with the software.
The scientific quality of a study depends on detailed planning, a clear statement of the problem and the precise formulation of statistical hypotheses that are tested using the most appropriate analytical methods. Central to this process is the determination of the appropriate sample size. We hope that this article will serve as a valuable guide in the planning stage of a study, helping researchers to address a wider range of issues and reliably estimate the associations between selected exposures and the outcomes of interest with sufficient statistical power.
{"title":"SAMPLE SIZE CALCULATION FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES","authors":"Nikita Andreevich Mitkin, Sergei Nikolaevich Drachev, Ekaterina Anatolievna Krieger, Vitaly Aleksandrovich Postoev, Andrej Mechislavovich Grjibovski","doi":"10.17816/humeco569406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco569406","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-sectional studies are commonly found in Russian medical literature. However, a significant number of these studies fail to consider sample size calculation during the planning phase, often relying on basic statistical methods. This not only restricts the usefulness of the data but also increases the risk of drawing inaccurate conclusions.
 The primary focus of this article is to provide a step-by-step guide for the sample size calculation process. By following our guidelines, researchers can ensure that their cross-sectional studies are adequately powered to yield meaningful and reliable results. We recognize the importance of tailoring sample size calculations to the specific objectives and data characteristics of each study, and thus our approach is flexible and adaptable.
 While numerous software options exist for sample size calculation, we use G*Power software for all examples in this paper. Each step in our guide is complemented by examples and detailed screenshots, ensuring that the material is both comprehensible and practically applicable. Moreover, we interpret every dialog box and screenshot to make the users comfortable with the software.
 The scientific quality of a study depends on detailed planning, a clear statement of the problem and the precise formulation of statistical hypotheses that are tested using the most appropriate analytical methods. Central to this process is the determination of the appropriate sample size. We hope that this article will serve as a valuable guide in the planning stage of a study, helping researchers to address a wider range of issues and reliably estimate the associations between selected exposures and the outcomes of interest with sufficient statistical power.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"6 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Mulik, Nikita O. Nazarov, Irina V. Ulesikova, Vladislav V. Yusupov, Galina Sroslova, Andrej G. Solov'ev, Julija A. Shatyr
INTRODUCTION: To determine the role of chemical environmental factors in the formation of prerequisites for the development of various vectors of deviant behavior in men and women in population groups united by the territory of residence within the borders of the Russian Federation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 1815 students permanently residing in the territories of 14 regions of Russia. The elemental status was determined by the content of 25 chemical elements in the hair samples. According to a set of standard indicators of psychological status, the risk of developing various vectors of deviant behavior was assessed.
RESULTS: Reactive aggressiveness in men is negatively associated with the content of potassium (p = 0.016), sodium (p = 0.05) and beryllium (p = 0.044), and in women it is positively associated with the content of zinc (p = 0.005). Depression and the level of suicidal ideation show systemic connections in men with lithium deficiency (p = 0.018 and p = 0.022, respectively), and in women with selenium deficiency (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The risk of alcoholism is statistically significantly negatively associated in men with the content of zinc (p = 0.001), lithium (p = 0.026), selenium (p = 0.027) and calcium (p = 0.049), and in women with the content of boron (p = 0.02) and phosphorus (p = 0.044). The level of drug consumption is statistically significantly positively associated in men with the content of silicon (p 0.001), nickel (p = 0.002), magnesium (p = 0.005), lead (p = 0.007), selenium (p = 0.011) and tin (p = 0.012), and in women with the content of aluminum (p = 0.005), selenium (p = 0.021) and iron (p = 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The role of biologically significant chemical elements in the formation of prerequisites for the development of various vectors of deviant behavior is specified.
{"title":"ELEMENTAL STATUS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PREDISPOSITION OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION TO DEVIANT BEHAVIOR1","authors":"Alexander Mulik, Nikita O. Nazarov, Irina V. Ulesikova, Vladislav V. Yusupov, Galina Sroslova, Andrej G. Solov'ev, Julija A. Shatyr","doi":"10.17816/humeco409629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco409629","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: To determine the role of chemical environmental factors in the formation of prerequisites for the development of various vectors of deviant behavior in men and women in population groups united by the territory of residence within the borders of the Russian Federation.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 1815 students permanently residing in the territories of 14 regions of Russia. The elemental status was determined by the content of 25 chemical elements in the hair samples. According to a set of standard indicators of psychological status, the risk of developing various vectors of deviant behavior was assessed.
 RESULTS: Reactive aggressiveness in men is negatively associated with the content of potassium (p = 0.016), sodium (p = 0.05) and beryllium (p = 0.044), and in women it is positively associated with the content of zinc (p = 0.005). Depression and the level of suicidal ideation show systemic connections in men with lithium deficiency (p = 0.018 and p = 0.022, respectively), and in women with selenium deficiency (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The risk of alcoholism is statistically significantly negatively associated in men with the content of zinc (p = 0.001), lithium (p = 0.026), selenium (p = 0.027) and calcium (p = 0.049), and in women with the content of boron (p = 0.02) and phosphorus (p = 0.044). The level of drug consumption is statistically significantly positively associated in men with the content of silicon (p 0.001), nickel (p = 0.002), magnesium (p = 0.005), lead (p = 0.007), selenium (p = 0.011) and tin (p = 0.012), and in women with the content of aluminum (p = 0.005), selenium (p = 0.021) and iron (p = 0.05).
 CONCLUSION: The role of biologically significant chemical elements in the formation of prerequisites for the development of various vectors of deviant behavior is specified.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"14 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: The relevance of the study is due to the lack of empirical data on the impact of infrastructural and geographical factors affecting the subjective well-being of representatives of small urban and rural communities.
AIM: The purpose of the work is to identify the subjective well-being indicators and adolescents' behavioral attitudes and their subjective assessments of the school environment.
METHODS: We used data from 1164 respondents from 25 rural and urban settlements in Siberia and the European part of the North of the Russian Federation (2016-2018). The dependent variables Cronbach's alpha ranges were from 0.654 to 0.811. The variables differentiating the comparison groups were: the size of the school, the remoteness of the settlement from the infrastructure of the regional center and its position relative to the Arctic zone.
RESULTS: Sensitivity to the influence of differentiating variables was shown by assessments of such characteristics of the school environment as: friendliness in the school environment; attitude of teachers; readiness for self-defense; attitudes towards the use of psychoactive substances and illegal behavior. Attitudes towards the use of psychoactive substances and readiness for self-defense were sensitive to differentiating variables.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained can be used for solutions that provide control over the risks of social and personal development of adolescents from small urban and rural settlements in sparsely populated areas of the Russian Federation.
{"title":"The influence of settlement characteristics on the subjective assessment of well-being and behavioral attitudes of adolescents","authors":"Svetlana Tyulyupo, Grigory Sergeevich Chemerskoy, Bairma Antonovna Dashieva","doi":"10.17816/humeco501763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco501763","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The relevance of the study is due to the lack of empirical data on the impact of infrastructural and geographical factors affecting the subjective well-being of representatives of small urban and rural communities.
 AIM: The purpose of the work is to identify the subjective well-being indicators and adolescents' behavioral attitudes and their subjective assessments of the school environment.
 METHODS: We used data from 1164 respondents from 25 rural and urban settlements in Siberia and the European part of the North of the Russian Federation (2016-2018). The dependent variables Cronbach's alpha ranges were from 0.654 to 0.811. The variables differentiating the comparison groups were: the size of the school, the remoteness of the settlement from the infrastructure of the regional center and its position relative to the Arctic zone.
 RESULTS: Sensitivity to the influence of differentiating variables was shown by assessments of such characteristics of the school environment as: friendliness in the school environment; attitude of teachers; readiness for self-defense; attitudes towards the use of psychoactive substances and illegal behavior. Attitudes towards the use of psychoactive substances and readiness for self-defense were sensitive to differentiating variables.
 CONCLUSION: The results obtained can be used for solutions that provide control over the risks of social and personal development of adolescents from small urban and rural settlements in sparsely populated areas of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatiana N. Rastokina, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Tatiana N. Unguryanu
There is a tendency for the incidence of arterial hypertension (AH) to increase in the Arkhangelsk region. Despite the ease of diagnosing AH and the availability of treatment, about half of AH patients are not aware of their disease, and don't take the recommended drugs. In combination with the harsh climatic conditions of the northern regions, this can lead to early myocardial infarctions and strokes. The aim is to study the association between atmospheric air temperature and blood pressure (BP) among the adult population in the Arkhangelsk. Methods. The data of blood pressure measurement in 2342 participants of the "Know your heart" study in the age group of 35-69 years, conducted in Arkhangelsk in the period from November 1, 2015 to October 31, 2017, were used. Each BP measurement was associated with time-corresponding readings of atmospheric air temperature in the Arkhangelsk, which were recorded by the city meteorological station with a frequency of 8 times a day. To assess the effect of air temperature on BP, a linear regression analysis was used separately for the warm (April 16October 15) and cold (October 16April 15) seasons. Results: In the warm season of the year, in the group of participants without AH and in those with treated AH, high values of atmospheric air temperature (17.5-26.5С) relative to the average level (8.8-12.2С) cause a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 7.9 mm Hg (p=0.004) and 8.5 mm Hg (p=0.012), respectively, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 5.1 mm Hg (p=0.002) and 4.5 mm Hg (p=0.021), respectively. In the group of persons with untreated AH, changes in ambient air temperature above (12.3-17.2С) and below (6.0-8.7С) the average level for this period cause an increase in SBP by 11.7 mm Hg (p=0.044) and 16.9 mm Hg (p = 0.004)
在阿尔汉格尔斯克地区，动脉高血压(AH)的发病率有增加的趋势。尽管诊断AH很容易，治疗也很容易，但大约一半的AH患者不知道自己的疾病，也不服用推荐的药物。再加上北方地区恶劣的气候条件，这可能导致早期心肌梗死和中风。目的是研究阿尔汉格尔斯克地区成年人的气温和血压之间的关系。方法。研究使用了2015年11月1日至2017年10月31日期间在阿尔汉格尔斯克进行的“了解你的心脏”研究中35-69岁年龄组2342名参与者的血压测量数据。每一次血压测量都与阿尔汉格尔斯克市大气温度的时间对应读数相关联，这些读数由城市气象站记录，每天8次。为了评估气温对BP的影响，分别对暖季(4月16日至10月15日)和寒季(10月16日至4月15日)进行了线性回归分析。结果:在一年中的温暖季节，在没有AH的参与者组和治疗AH的参与者组中，相对于平均水平(8.8-12.2С)的高大气温度(17.5-26.5С)分别导致收缩压(SBP)下降7.9 mm Hg (p=0.004)和8.5 mm Hg (p=0.012)，舒张压(DBP)分别下降5.1 mm Hg (p=0.002)和4.5 mm Hg (p=0.021)。在未经治疗的高血压患者组中，环境空气温度高于(12.3-17.2С)和低于(6.0-8.7С)这一时期平均水平的变化导致收缩压增加11.7 mm Hg (p=0.044)和16.9 mm Hg (p= 0.004)。
{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ATMOSPHERIC AIR TEMPERATURE AND BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG ADULT POPULATION IN DIFFERENT SEASONS OF YEAR","authors":"Tatiana N. Rastokina, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Tatiana N. Unguryanu","doi":"10.17816/humeco456483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco456483","url":null,"abstract":"There is a tendency for the incidence of arterial hypertension (AH) to increase in the Arkhangelsk region. Despite the ease of diagnosing AH and the availability of treatment, about half of AH patients are not aware of their disease, and don't take the recommended drugs. In combination with the harsh climatic conditions of the northern regions, this can lead to early myocardial infarctions and strokes. The aim is to study the association between atmospheric air temperature and blood pressure (BP) among the adult population in the Arkhangelsk. Methods. The data of blood pressure measurement in 2342 participants of the \"Know your heart\" study in the age group of 35-69 years, conducted in Arkhangelsk in the period from November 1, 2015 to October 31, 2017, were used. Each BP measurement was associated with time-corresponding readings of atmospheric air temperature in the Arkhangelsk, which were recorded by the city meteorological station with a frequency of 8 times a day. To assess the effect of air temperature on BP, a linear regression analysis was used separately for the warm (April 16October 15) and cold (October 16April 15) seasons. Results: In the warm season of the year, in the group of participants without AH and in those with treated AH, high values of atmospheric air temperature (17.5-26.5С) relative to the average level (8.8-12.2С) cause a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 7.9 mm Hg (p=0.004) and 8.5 mm Hg (p=0.012), respectively, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 5.1 mm Hg (p=0.002) and 4.5 mm Hg (p=0.021), respectively. In the group of persons with untreated AH, changes in ambient air temperature above (12.3-17.2С) and below (6.0-8.7С) the average level for this period cause an increase in SBP by 11.7 mm Hg (p=0.044) and 16.9 mm Hg (p = 0.004)","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Mulik, Julija A. Shatyr, Irina V. Ulesikova, Vladislav V. Yusupov, Alexander Zubenko, Andrej G. Solov'ev, Nikita O. Nazarov
Purpose of the study. Determine the role of physical environmental factors in the formation of the preconditions for the development of deviant behavior in population groups united by the territory of residence.
Material and methods. The theoretical stage of the work was aimed at determining the key physical and geographical factors of the environment and assessing the indicators of social and criminal tension in 14 model regions of Russia.
1815 students, men and women aged 18-28, representatives of the population of the model regions participated in the field stage of the work. The psychological status of the respondents was determined by assessing the indicators of the Freiburg multifactorial personality questionnaire; accentuations of character, suggestibility, frustration, irritability, adventurousness; vectors of social activity and destructiveness; prosociality-asociality; type of behavioral activity (A-B). Identification of the experience of using psychoactive substances was carried out by self-assessment of the subjects. Correlation analysis was used for statistical data processing.
Results. The average annual temperature is negatively related to the level of crime (p=0.012), the number of abortions (p=0.0001), the degree of alcoholization (p=0.004), the level of smoking (p=0.011) in society. With an increase in the average annual temperature, both in men and women, the level of consumption of narcotic substances increases (p=0.05 and p=0.23, respectively), spontaneous aggressiveness (p=0.63 and p=0.024), frustration ( p=0.63 and p=0.024), irritability (p=0.068 and p=0.004), asociality (p=0.004 and p=0.247). As the average annual temperature decreases, both in men and women, the single dose of alcohol taken increases (p=0.086 and p=0.033, respectively), suggestibility (p=0.189 and p=0.049), emotivity (p=0.21 and p=0.05). The comfort of the environment is negatively associated with the level of suicide (p=0.039) in society. Only in men, comfort is positively associated with the level of consumption of narcotic substances (p=0.05), reactive aggressiveness (p=0.024), irritability (p=0.041), asociality (p=0.011), adventurism (p=0.001), severity of cardiotype A (p=0.018), and negative - with political activity (p=0.035).
Conclusion. The systematic nature of the links between the physical and geographical conditions of the environment with social, psychological and behavioral manifestations of deviations among the population of Russia is revealed.
{"title":"PHYSICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONING
 RISK OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Alexander Mulik, Julija A. Shatyr, Irina V. Ulesikova, Vladislav V. Yusupov, Alexander Zubenko, Andrej G. Solov'ev, Nikita O. Nazarov","doi":"10.17816/humeco352559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco352559","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. Determine the role of physical environmental factors in the formation of the preconditions for the development of deviant behavior in population groups united by the territory of residence.
 Material and methods. The theoretical stage of the work was aimed at determining the key physical and geographical factors of the environment and assessing the indicators of social and criminal tension in 14 model regions of Russia.
 1815 students, men and women aged 18-28, representatives of the population of the model regions participated in the field stage of the work. The psychological status of the respondents was determined by assessing the indicators of the Freiburg multifactorial personality questionnaire; accentuations of character, suggestibility, frustration, irritability, adventurousness; vectors of social activity and destructiveness; prosociality-asociality; type of behavioral activity (A-B). Identification of the experience of using psychoactive substances was carried out by self-assessment of the subjects. Correlation analysis was used for statistical data processing.
 Results. The average annual temperature is negatively related to the level of crime (p=0.012), the number of abortions (p=0.0001), the degree of alcoholization (p=0.004), the level of smoking (p=0.011) in society. With an increase in the average annual temperature, both in men and women, the level of consumption of narcotic substances increases (p=0.05 and p=0.23, respectively), spontaneous aggressiveness (p=0.63 and p=0.024), frustration ( p=0.63 and p=0.024), irritability (p=0.068 and p=0.004), asociality (p=0.004 and p=0.247). As the average annual temperature decreases, both in men and women, the single dose of alcohol taken increases (p=0.086 and p=0.033, respectively), suggestibility (p=0.189 and p=0.049), emotivity (p=0.21 and p=0.05). The comfort of the environment is negatively associated with the level of suicide (p=0.039) in society. Only in men, comfort is positively associated with the level of consumption of narcotic substances (p=0.05), reactive aggressiveness (p=0.024), irritability (p=0.041), asociality (p=0.011), adventurism (p=0.001), severity of cardiotype A (p=0.018), and negative - with political activity (p=0.035).
 Conclusion. The systematic nature of the links between the physical and geographical conditions of the environment with social, psychological and behavioral manifestations of deviations among the population of Russia is revealed.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135995965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena V. Krivonogova, Olga V. Krivonogova, Lilia V. Poskotinova
INTRODUCTION: The formation of physiological functions and the development of the body occur against the background of adaptation to environmental conditions. The main activity of schoolchildren aged 16-17 is studying, which is associated with processing and memorizing a large amount of various kinds of information, therefore, the assessment of the auditory evoked potential of P300, reflecting neurophysiological correlates of cognitive functions, such as attention and memory, in connection with the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in young people living in the northern and southern regions of Russia is relevant.
AIM: To evaluate the components of the auditory evoked potential P300 and N2, parameters of heart rate variability in practically healthy young people aged 16-17 years living in different climatic and geographical conditions of Russia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved young people aged 16-17 (n = 156) from Arkhangelsk (6433ʹ s. s.), Nadym (6532ʹ s. s.) and Simferopol (4457ʹ s. s.). The assessment of the autonomic nervous system was carried out according to the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) on the agro-industrial complex "Varikard". Registration of P300 and N2 components was carried out on the Neuron-Spectrum-4/VPM electroencephalograph (Neurosoft, Russia), using the oddball paradigm.
RESULTS: The predominance of sympathetic nervous system activity in the regulation of heart rhythm and the lengthening of N2 latency was revealed in young people of the city of Nadym. In young people of Arkhangelsk and Simferopol, there were no differences in the parameters of HRV and components of the auditory evoked potential of p300. Interhemispheric asymmetry of N2 latency was observed in young people of Arkhangelsk, where the time is shorter in the central (C4, p=0.04) and anterior temporal (F8, p=0.01) sections on the right.
CONCLUSIONS: The imbalance of the autonomic nervous system towards the predominance of sympathetic influences in the regulation of heart rhythm is reflected in slower recognition and differentiation of the sound signal.
{"title":"Features of the parameters of the auditory evoked potential of P300 and autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in young people living in various climatic and geographical conditions of Russia","authors":"Elena V. Krivonogova, Olga V. Krivonogova, Lilia V. Poskotinova","doi":"10.17816/humeco508779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco508779","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The formation of physiological functions and the development of the body occur against the background of adaptation to environmental conditions. The main activity of schoolchildren aged 16-17 is studying, which is associated with processing and memorizing a large amount of various kinds of information, therefore, the assessment of the auditory evoked potential of P300, reflecting neurophysiological correlates of cognitive functions, such as attention and memory, in connection with the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in young people living in the northern and southern regions of Russia is relevant.
 AIM: To evaluate the components of the auditory evoked potential P300 and N2, parameters of heart rate variability in practically healthy young people aged 16-17 years living in different climatic and geographical conditions of Russia.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved young people aged 16-17 (n = 156) from Arkhangelsk (6433ʹ s. s.), Nadym (6532ʹ s. s.) and Simferopol (4457ʹ s. s.). The assessment of the autonomic nervous system was carried out according to the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) on the agro-industrial complex \"Varikard\". Registration of P300 and N2 components was carried out on the Neuron-Spectrum-4/VPM electroencephalograph (Neurosoft, Russia), using the oddball paradigm.
 RESULTS: The predominance of sympathetic nervous system activity in the regulation of heart rhythm and the lengthening of N2 latency was revealed in young people of the city of Nadym. In young people of Arkhangelsk and Simferopol, there were no differences in the parameters of HRV and components of the auditory evoked potential of p300. Interhemispheric asymmetry of N2 latency was observed in young people of Arkhangelsk, where the time is shorter in the central (C4, p=0.04) and anterior temporal (F8, p=0.01) sections on the right.
 CONCLUSIONS: The imbalance of the autonomic nervous system towards the predominance of sympathetic influences in the regulation of heart rhythm is reflected in slower recognition and differentiation of the sound signal.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Regional differentiation complicates the solution of the problem of high mortality of the population of working age. The revealed regional features of mortality by causes, as a rule, are not local in nature, but spatially determined.
AIM: Determination of temporal tendencies of spatial regularities of the working-age population mortality from the main causes (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan) and identification of territorial factors that determine it.
METHODS: This study used data on the mortality in municipalities (54 municipal districts, 20 urban districts and urban settlements) aggregated by 6 main causes of death in the dynamics of 20022020. The analysis included estimation of the Moran's index and the spatialpanel data modeling.
RESULTS: Spatial dependencies are most noticeable for diseases of the circulatory system, some infectious and parasitic diseases, as well as for external causes. The level of crimes in a given region (male: p0.046; female: p0.019) has a negative impact on mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in the working-age population among men and women; for men, the volume of gross municipal product (GMP) has an additional effect (p 0.046). Factors that reduce mortality from external causes among able-bodied men and women are the growth of the GMP (male: p0.0098; female: p0.003 - for women), the increase in the number of doctors per 10,000 people of the population (male: p0.001; female: p0.037) and availability of nursing staff (male: p0.026; female: p0.005). For men, a significant impact on mortality from external causes was additionally exerted by crime (p0.028), and for women, by the availability of hospital beds (p0.030). Spatial effects in all models were significant at p0.003.
CONCLUSION: The conducted study confirms the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the context of causes of death, as well as common and differ factors of male and female mortality, which can be the basis for further analysis of spatially determined factors of mortality.
{"title":"Spatial effects of mortality among the able-bodied population in the Republic of Bashkortostan","authors":"Irina Aleksandrovna Lakman, Venera Maratovna Timiryanova, Rasul Askarovich Askarov, Zagira Fatkullovna Askarova","doi":"10.17816/humeco456492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco456492","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Regional differentiation complicates the solution of the problem of high mortality of the population of working age. The revealed regional features of mortality by causes, as a rule, are not local in nature, but spatially determined.
 AIM: Determination of temporal tendencies of spatial regularities of the working-age population mortality from the main causes (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan) and identification of territorial factors that determine it.
 METHODS: This study used data on the mortality in municipalities (54 municipal districts, 20 urban districts and urban settlements) aggregated by 6 main causes of death in the dynamics of 20022020. The analysis included estimation of the Moran's index and the spatialpanel data modeling.
 RESULTS: Spatial dependencies are most noticeable for diseases of the circulatory system, some infectious and parasitic diseases, as well as for external causes. The level of crimes in a given region (male: p0.046; female: p0.019) has a negative impact on mortality from diseases of the circulatory system in the working-age population among men and women; for men, the volume of gross municipal product (GMP) has an additional effect (p 0.046). Factors that reduce mortality from external causes among able-bodied men and women are the growth of the GMP (male: p0.0098; female: p0.003 - for women), the increase in the number of doctors per 10,000 people of the population (male: p0.001; female: p0.037) and availability of nursing staff (male: p0.026; female: p0.005). For men, a significant impact on mortality from external causes was additionally exerted by crime (p0.028), and for women, by the availability of hospital beds (p0.030). Spatial effects in all models were significant at p0.003.
 CONCLUSION: The conducted study confirms the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the context of causes of death, as well as common and differ factors of male and female mortality, which can be the basis for further analysis of spatially determined factors of mortality.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrej М Grjibovski, Ivan М Kobelev, Natalia N Kukalevskaya, Yulia A Popova, Alexander V Baranov
Background: Over the past 150 years, a large number of articles have been published around the world on the associations between ambient temperature and suicide. However, only in the last 30 years daily data with sufficient validity are in use, necessitating the systematization of the latest research evidence.
Aim: To conduct a systematic selection and qualitative synthesis of published information on the associations between ambient air temperature and suicide over the past 30 years.
Methods: A systematic review using PRISMA criteria. Studies published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1990 to April 2022 in PubMed and eLIBRARY in Russian or English, respectively, comprised the study base. The selection of articles was made according to the following criteria: original research; data on the ambient temperature in the studied period of time are presented and the upper part of the temperature range was studied; data on suicide counts are available.
Results: Of the 1932 identified articles, 32 empirical studies with the number of cases ranging from 225 to 1067333 from 26 countries were included in the qualitative synthesis. In addition to mean temperatures, the minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the calculated apparent mean, minimum and maximum temperature were used. By design, most studies had ecological or case-crossover design. Generalized Additive Models (GAM) were used as the main analytical tools, and in multicenter studies the results were obtained using meta-regression. The results were presented as relative risks or the percentage increase in the number of suicides with an increase in temperature by 1C. Virtually all studies reported a significant linear relationship between the temperature and suicide rates, but effect sizes varied between countries. The effect was more pronounced in temperate climate, in men and people over 65 years of age.
Conclusions: Most of the studied suggest a direct relationship between high air temperature and the number of suicides in different latitudes. It is necessary to monitor the situation and study the mechanisms behind the associations between high temperatures and the risk of suicide to minimize the consequences of climate change for public health.
{"title":"Associations between ambient temperature and suicide: а systematic review","authors":"Andrej М Grjibovski, Ivan М Kobelev, Natalia N Kukalevskaya, Yulia A Popova, Alexander V Baranov","doi":"10.17816/humeco569176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco569176","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Over the past 150 years, a large number of articles have been published around the world on the associations between ambient temperature and suicide. However, only in the last 30 years daily data with sufficient validity are in use, necessitating the systematization of the latest research evidence.
 Aim: To conduct a systematic selection and qualitative synthesis of published information on the associations between ambient air temperature and suicide over the past 30 years.
 Methods: A systematic review using PRISMA criteria. Studies published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1990 to April 2022 in PubMed and eLIBRARY in Russian or English, respectively, comprised the study base. The selection of articles was made according to the following criteria: original research; data on the ambient temperature in the studied period of time are presented and the upper part of the temperature range was studied; data on suicide counts are available.
 Results: Of the 1932 identified articles, 32 empirical studies with the number of cases ranging from 225 to 1067333 from 26 countries were included in the qualitative synthesis. In addition to mean temperatures, the minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the calculated apparent mean, minimum and maximum temperature were used. By design, most studies had ecological or case-crossover design. Generalized Additive Models (GAM) were used as the main analytical tools, and in multicenter studies the results were obtained using meta-regression. The results were presented as relative risks or the percentage increase in the number of suicides with an increase in temperature by 1C. Virtually all studies reported a significant linear relationship between the temperature and suicide rates, but effect sizes varied between countries. The effect was more pronounced in temperate climate, in men and people over 65 years of age.
 Conclusions: Most of the studied suggest a direct relationship between high air temperature and the number of suicides in different latitudes. It is necessary to monitor the situation and study the mechanisms behind the associations between high temperatures and the risk of suicide to minimize the consequences of climate change for public health.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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