Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-6-55-60
K. Ermolenko
Rotavirus infection (RVI) has always been one of the urgent problems in healthcare causing significant economic and social damage. Correction of water-electrolyte disorders is pivotal for RVI therapy. The severity of the dehydration largely determines the overall severity of the disease. It is often challenging to choose the most effective rehydration solution; therefore, inadequate choice is the most common treatment error in patients with acute intestinal infections. Objective. To assess the efficacy of oral rehydration in children with acute gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus treated in an outpatient department. Patients and methods. This retrospective, open-label, case-control study included 100 children with RVI treated in 2021–2022. They were divided into three groups. In group I, patients received water or self-made solutions for rehydration; in group II, patients received oral rehydration therapy (ORT) with different commercial solutions; in group III, patients received Nestle ReHydra. We evaluated the severity and duration of RVI symptoms, including diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, general symptoms of intoxication, and signs of exicosis. Results. The lowest duration of diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, and bloating was observed in group III. The duration of RVI symptoms in children receiving low osmolar ORT was 1.2-1.4 times lower than in those who did not receive this therapy. We found that low osmolar ORTs are the most effective agents to treat dehydration in children. Oral rehydration with ready-touse ORTs is preferable, because they can be rapidly prepared and administered and prevent mistakes associated with drug preparation. Conclusion. Oral rehydration with low osmolar ORT in children with RVI increases the efficacy of outpatient treatment, reduce the duration of clinical symptoms, and decrease the risks of severe dehydration that requires inpatient treatment. Key words: acute intestinal infections, dehydration, low osmolar solutions, diarrhea, oral rehydration
{"title":"Role of oral rehydration in the treatment of children with rotavirus infection","authors":"K. Ermolenko","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-6-55-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-6-55-60","url":null,"abstract":"Rotavirus infection (RVI) has always been one of the urgent problems in healthcare causing significant economic and social damage. Correction of water-electrolyte disorders is pivotal for RVI therapy. The severity of the dehydration largely determines the overall severity of the disease. It is often challenging to choose the most effective rehydration solution; therefore, inadequate choice is the most common treatment error in patients with acute intestinal infections. Objective. To assess the efficacy of oral rehydration in children with acute gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus treated in an outpatient department. Patients and methods. This retrospective, open-label, case-control study included 100 children with RVI treated in 2021–2022. They were divided into three groups. In group I, patients received water or self-made solutions for rehydration; in group II, patients received oral rehydration therapy (ORT) with different commercial solutions; in group III, patients received Nestle ReHydra. We evaluated the severity and duration of RVI symptoms, including diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, general symptoms of intoxication, and signs of exicosis. Results. The lowest duration of diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, and bloating was observed in group III. The duration of RVI symptoms in children receiving low osmolar ORT was 1.2-1.4 times lower than in those who did not receive this therapy. We found that low osmolar ORTs are the most effective agents to treat dehydration in children. Oral rehydration with ready-touse ORTs is preferable, because they can be rapidly prepared and administered and prevent mistakes associated with drug preparation. Conclusion. Oral rehydration with low osmolar ORT in children with RVI increases the efficacy of outpatient treatment, reduce the duration of clinical symptoms, and decrease the risks of severe dehydration that requires inpatient treatment. Key words: acute intestinal infections, dehydration, low osmolar solutions, diarrhea, oral rehydration","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67748662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-77-84
E. Kuligina, M. Razin, M. Akselrov, S. Petrov, V. A. Makhneva, E. B. Dunaeva
Objective. Secondary pyelonephritis occurs in children in a distant period after adequate surgical correction of congenital obstructive pathology due to long-lasting shifts of immunologic resistance. Patients and methods. The authors treated 80 children aged 5 to 15 years with secondary pyelonephritis with preserved renal function against hydronephrosis, megaureter, vesicoureteral reflux. Immunological parameters were assessed at the child's admission to the hospital and 3 months after in-patient treatment. Initial changes of immunological reactivity in the patients substantiated the treatment tactics. Group 1 consisted of 40 patients, whose complex treatment included the immunomodulator, the active ingredient hexapeptide; Group 2 consisted of 40 patients, whose complex treatment included the tablet preparation of Polyoxidonium, the active ingredient azoximer bromide. Results. Inclusion of and azoximer bromide in treatment of children with secondary pyelonephritis was found to lead to increasing of IgA, IgG, B-cells amount, phagocytosis rate and natural killer number; and to decreasing of the amount of T-lymphocytes and CD4-cells. Inclusion of hexapeptide in treatment of secondary pyelonephritis in children increases level of phagocytic activity of neutrophils, amount of natural killer cells, CD3–/CD19+-cells, CD3+/CD4+-lymphocytes number. Conclusion. Inclusion of immunotropic preparations in complex treatment of secondary pyelonephritis in children is justified in case of detection of above-mentioned disturbances. Key words: secondary pyelonephritis, immunocorrection, hexapeptid, children, azoximer bromide
{"title":"Comparing the efficacy of hexapeptide and azoximer bromide in coprehensive treatment of children with secondary pyelonephritis","authors":"E. Kuligina, M. Razin, M. Akselrov, S. Petrov, V. A. Makhneva, E. B. Dunaeva","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-77-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-77-84","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Secondary pyelonephritis occurs in children in a distant period after adequate surgical correction of congenital obstructive pathology due to long-lasting shifts of immunologic resistance. Patients and methods. The authors treated 80 children aged 5 to 15 years with secondary pyelonephritis with preserved renal function against hydronephrosis, megaureter, vesicoureteral reflux. Immunological parameters were assessed at the child's admission to the hospital and 3 months after in-patient treatment. Initial changes of immunological reactivity in the patients substantiated the treatment tactics. Group 1 consisted of 40 patients, whose complex treatment included the immunomodulator, the active ingredient hexapeptide; Group 2 consisted of 40 patients, whose complex treatment included the tablet preparation of Polyoxidonium, the active ingredient azoximer bromide. Results. Inclusion of and azoximer bromide in treatment of children with secondary pyelonephritis was found to lead to increasing of IgA, IgG, B-cells amount, phagocytosis rate and natural killer number; and to decreasing of the amount of T-lymphocytes and CD4-cells. Inclusion of hexapeptide in treatment of secondary pyelonephritis in children increases level of phagocytic activity of neutrophils, amount of natural killer cells, CD3–/CD19+-cells, CD3+/CD4+-lymphocytes number. Conclusion. Inclusion of immunotropic preparations in complex treatment of secondary pyelonephritis in children is justified in case of detection of above-mentioned disturbances. Key words: secondary pyelonephritis, immunocorrection, hexapeptid, children, azoximer bromide","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67742993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-30-34
E.V. Tapiev, A. Asanov, O. Simonova, I. Chebelyaev, A. Sukhomyasova
Objective. To analyze the role of Pi gene polymorphisms in the development of chronic nonspecific lung diseases, bronchial asthma, and cystic fibrosis, as well as their impact on the disease course among Russian children compared to healthy controls. Patients and methods. This study included 303 patients that were randomly selected from all patients treated in the Department of Pulmonology and Allergology of the National Medical Research Center of Children's Health. The sample included patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CNSLD) (such as chronic obstructive bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and obliterating alveolitis) and patients with bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis. DNA samples from patients and healthy controls were analyzed using molecular methods, including RFLP and real-time PCR with subsequent statistical analysis. Results. The frequency of mutant Pi*S and Pi*Z alleles was 5.8% among CNSLD patients. However, patients with pulmonary cystic fibrosis and controls had no pathological alleles. The heterozygous 1331A allele was identified in 16.5% of all patients. In patients with bronchial asthma, its frequency was 21.2%, which was significantly higher than in other groups of patients (10.1% and 11.1%, respectively) and controls (9.9%). Conclusion. Our findings may indicate the involvement of mutant Pi*S and Pi*Z alleles in the development of multifactorial lung diseases. We shouldn’t ignore the role of the 1331A allele in aggravating bronchial asthma. Presumably, the 1331A mutation in the Pi gene can modify the course of any monogenic and multifactorial lung diseases. Key words: SERPINA1; alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; CNSLD,
{"title":"Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency in children with chronic lung diseases","authors":"E.V. Tapiev, A. Asanov, O. Simonova, I. Chebelyaev, A. Sukhomyasova","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-30-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-30-34","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the role of Pi gene polymorphisms in the development of chronic nonspecific lung diseases, bronchial asthma, and cystic fibrosis, as well as their impact on the disease course among Russian children compared to healthy controls. Patients and methods. This study included 303 patients that were randomly selected from all patients treated in the Department of Pulmonology and Allergology of the National Medical Research Center of Children's Health. The sample included patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CNSLD) (such as chronic obstructive bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, and obliterating alveolitis) and patients with bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis. DNA samples from patients and healthy controls were analyzed using molecular methods, including RFLP and real-time PCR with subsequent statistical analysis. Results. The frequency of mutant Pi*S and Pi*Z alleles was 5.8% among CNSLD patients. However, patients with pulmonary cystic fibrosis and controls had no pathological alleles. The heterozygous 1331A allele was identified in 16.5% of all patients. In patients with bronchial asthma, its frequency was 21.2%, which was significantly higher than in other groups of patients (10.1% and 11.1%, respectively) and controls (9.9%). Conclusion. Our findings may indicate the involvement of mutant Pi*S and Pi*Z alleles in the development of multifactorial lung diseases. We shouldn’t ignore the role of the 1331A allele in aggravating bronchial asthma. Presumably, the 1331A mutation in the Pi gene can modify the course of any monogenic and multifactorial lung diseases. Key words: SERPINA1; alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; CNSLD,","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67743111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-102-108
E. Zhekaite, A. Voronkova, T. Adyan
Differential diagnosis between some orphan diseases might be challenging for doctors. Cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia share the main pathogenetic feature, which is the accumulation of viscous inflammatory secretion in the lumen of the respiratory tract and impaired mechanisms of its escalation. Clinical manifestations of both diseases are similar. Objective. To demonstrate the difficulties associated with differential diagnosis between cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia on the example of a clinical case. We describe a patient who was initially diagnosed with cystic fibrosis in the Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood, but then was diagnosed with primary ciliary dyskinesia in the Department of Pulmonology, Y.E Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia. This case demonstrates the need for a more careful and thorough examination of children with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, since some of them may share most of their clinical manifestations, for example cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Key words: cystic fibrosis, ciliary dyskinesia, differential diagnosis, light microscopy, sweat test, next-generation sequencing
{"title":"Difficulties associated with differential diagnosis between cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia","authors":"E. Zhekaite, A. Voronkova, T. Adyan","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-102-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-102-108","url":null,"abstract":"Differential diagnosis between some orphan diseases might be challenging for doctors. Cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia share the main pathogenetic feature, which is the accumulation of viscous inflammatory secretion in the lumen of the respiratory tract and impaired mechanisms of its escalation. Clinical manifestations of both diseases are similar. Objective. To demonstrate the difficulties associated with differential diagnosis between cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia on the example of a clinical case. We describe a patient who was initially diagnosed with cystic fibrosis in the Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood, but then was diagnosed with primary ciliary dyskinesia in the Department of Pulmonology, Y.E Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia. This case demonstrates the need for a more careful and thorough examination of children with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, since some of them may share most of their clinical manifestations, for example cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Key words: cystic fibrosis, ciliary dyskinesia, differential diagnosis, light microscopy, sweat test, next-generation sequencing","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67743728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-99-108
I. Zyabkin, E. Yu. Yaremenko, A. Yunusov, N. S. Grachev
Objective. To optimize an algorithm for the management of children and adolescents with parameningeal tumors based on a comprehensive assessment of diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy in this type of tumors. Patients and methods. The article presents a retrospective study and prospective evaluation of follow-up of 249 patients who underwent surgical treatment in the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology and in the Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital (Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University) from January 2003 to September 2021. The study included 139 patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 82 patients with fibro-osseous lesions, and 28 patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma. The follow-up period was at least 1 calendar month. Results. A comparative analysis of the efficacy of preliminary diagnosis of parameningeal tumors depending on the nosology was described; analysis of patient safety during the intra- and postoperative periods, postoperative adaptation, surgical radicality and survival analysis according to the surgical treatment method was performed; algorithm for the management of patients with parameningeal tumors was described. Conclusion. It is advisable to introduce the algorithm developed by the authors into routine clinical practice to optimize medical care for children and adolescents with parameningeal tumors. Key words: children, tumors, parameningeal site, surgical interventions, juvenile angiofibroma, juvenile ossifying fibroma, rhabdomyosarcoma
{"title":"Optimization of the algorithm for diagnosis, management, and surgical treatment of parameningeal tumors in children","authors":"I. Zyabkin, E. Yu. Yaremenko, A. Yunusov, N. S. Grachev","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-99-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-2-99-108","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To optimize an algorithm for the management of children and adolescents with parameningeal tumors based on a comprehensive assessment of diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy in this type of tumors. Patients and methods. The article presents a retrospective study and prospective evaluation of follow-up of 249 patients who underwent surgical treatment in the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology and in the Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital (Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University) from January 2003 to September 2021. The study included 139 patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 82 patients with fibro-osseous lesions, and 28 patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma. The follow-up period was at least 1 calendar month. Results. A comparative analysis of the efficacy of preliminary diagnosis of parameningeal tumors depending on the nosology was described; analysis of patient safety during the intra- and postoperative periods, postoperative adaptation, surgical radicality and survival analysis according to the surgical treatment method was performed; algorithm for the management of patients with parameningeal tumors was described. Conclusion. It is advisable to introduce the algorithm developed by the authors into routine clinical practice to optimize medical care for children and adolescents with parameningeal tumors. Key words: children, tumors, parameningeal site, surgical interventions, juvenile angiofibroma, juvenile ossifying fibroma, rhabdomyosarcoma","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67743872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-136-140
A. Goryainova, S. Semykin, P. Mikhalaki
We report a case of successful treatment of severe mixed cystic fibrosis in a 11-year-old child using lumacaftor 100 mg/ivacaftor 125mg, a CFTR modulator. This case shows that lumacaftor/ivacaftor is effective in patients who already developed chronic respiratory failure and have low basal FEV1. Key words: CFTR modulators, lumacaftor/ivacaftor, cystic fibrosis
{"title":"Efficacy of lumacaftor/ivacaftor in a child with severe cystic fibrosis","authors":"A. Goryainova, S. Semykin, P. Mikhalaki","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-136-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-136-140","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of successful treatment of severe mixed cystic fibrosis in a 11-year-old child using lumacaftor 100 mg/ivacaftor 125mg, a CFTR modulator. This case shows that lumacaftor/ivacaftor is effective in patients who already developed chronic respiratory failure and have low basal FEV1. Key words: CFTR modulators, lumacaftor/ivacaftor, cystic fibrosis","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67744248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-26-32
L. Avetisyan, M. Chernukha, V. Zhukhovitsky, E. Rusakova, E. Burmistrov, O. Medvedeva, N. Polyakov, A. Solovyev, A. Voronkova, E. Siyanova, S. Krasovskiy, E. Amelina, E. Tselikina, I. R. Fatkhullina
Objective. To provide a rationale for microbiological monitoring of chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) to develop an adequate preventive and therapeutic strategy. Materials and methods. This study included 142 Achromobacter strains isolated from 55 children and 35 adults with CF during their follow-up. In this study, classical microbiological (culture) and modern molecular genetic methods (polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS)), and MALDI-TOF-MS were used. Results. Among the examined patients with chronic lung infection caused by bacteria from the genus Achromobacter, monoinfection was detected in 5.8% of patients. In other cases, associations of Achromobacter spp. with other bacterial species were observed. A. ruhlandii (76%) and A. xylosoxidans (7.2%) were the most frequently isolated species. It was shown that the microbiota in CF patients with chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. is characterized by variability and is related to long-term circulation of both one genotype with different subpopulation phenotypes and circulation of 2 or more genotypes or species of Achromobacter spp., which has clinical and epidemiological significance. Conclusion. Successful prevention and treatment of Achromobacter spp.-associated infections in CF patients require continuous microbiological monitoring of chronic infection, including that of phenotypic and genotypic properties of Achromobacter spp. strains isolated from patients. Key words: chronic lung infection, Achromobacter sp., microbiological monitoring, genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity, sensitivity to antibiotics
{"title":"Microbiological monitoring of chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. in patients with cystic fibrosis","authors":"L. Avetisyan, M. Chernukha, V. Zhukhovitsky, E. Rusakova, E. Burmistrov, O. Medvedeva, N. Polyakov, A. Solovyev, A. Voronkova, E. Siyanova, S. Krasovskiy, E. Amelina, E. Tselikina, I. R. Fatkhullina","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-3-26-32","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To provide a rationale for microbiological monitoring of chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) to develop an adequate preventive and therapeutic strategy. Materials and methods. This study included 142 Achromobacter strains isolated from 55 children and 35 adults with CF during their follow-up. In this study, classical microbiological (culture) and modern molecular genetic methods (polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS)), and MALDI-TOF-MS were used. Results. Among the examined patients with chronic lung infection caused by bacteria from the genus Achromobacter, monoinfection was detected in 5.8% of patients. In other cases, associations of Achromobacter spp. with other bacterial species were observed. A. ruhlandii (76%) and A. xylosoxidans (7.2%) were the most frequently isolated species. It was shown that the microbiota in CF patients with chronic lung infection caused by Achromobacter spp. is characterized by variability and is related to long-term circulation of both one genotype with different subpopulation phenotypes and circulation of 2 or more genotypes or species of Achromobacter spp., which has clinical and epidemiological significance. Conclusion. Successful prevention and treatment of Achromobacter spp.-associated infections in CF patients require continuous microbiological monitoring of chronic infection, including that of phenotypic and genotypic properties of Achromobacter spp. strains isolated from patients. Key words: chronic lung infection, Achromobacter sp., microbiological monitoring, genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity, sensitivity to antibiotics","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67744481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-141-145
I. Sichinava, E. Tyurina, A. Gorelov, E. Yablokova, S. Krutikhina, E. Borisova, E. Polotnyanko
This article presents a review and a case report of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) in a child with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) as a first clinical manifestation. The duration of the disease was 9 years. The first signs of hepatitis (jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, impaired pigment metabolism, cytolysis) with a high degree of activity and a morphological picture of monolobular liver cirrhosis with stromal and parenchymal activity were noted at the age of 2.5 years. The child received therapy with prednisolone. After one year, symptoms not typical of AIH were noted: salting food, candidiasis of the nail plates on hands and feet. Upon repeated examination, the diagnosis of APS-1 (hypoparathyroidism, candidiasis, autoimmune thyroiditis, chronic adrenal insufficiency, autoimmune hepatitis) was confirmed genetically – the homozygous R257X mutation was detected. The therapy was corrected: fludrocortisone and diflucan were added, therapy was continued with gradual transition to a maintenance dose of prednisolone. This case report demonstrates the difficulty of early APS-1 diagnosis, resulting in late initiation of baseline therapy, which can determine the prognosis of the disease. Key words: children, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, autoimmune hepatitis
{"title":"Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 with autoimmune hepatitis in childhood","authors":"I. Sichinava, E. Tyurina, A. Gorelov, E. Yablokova, S. Krutikhina, E. Borisova, E. Polotnyanko","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-141-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-141-145","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a review and a case report of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) in a child with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) as a first clinical manifestation. The duration of the disease was 9 years. The first signs of hepatitis (jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, impaired pigment metabolism, cytolysis) with a high degree of activity and a morphological picture of monolobular liver cirrhosis with stromal and parenchymal activity were noted at the age of 2.5 years. The child received therapy with prednisolone. After one year, symptoms not typical of AIH were noted: salting food, candidiasis of the nail plates on hands and feet. Upon repeated examination, the diagnosis of APS-1 (hypoparathyroidism, candidiasis, autoimmune thyroiditis, chronic adrenal insufficiency, autoimmune hepatitis) was confirmed genetically – the homozygous R257X mutation was detected. The therapy was corrected: fludrocortisone and diflucan were added, therapy was continued with gradual transition to a maintenance dose of prednisolone. This case report demonstrates the difficulty of early APS-1 diagnosis, resulting in late initiation of baseline therapy, which can determine the prognosis of the disease. Key words: children, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, autoimmune hepatitis","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67745537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-104-109
T. Stroykova, N. Geppe, O. Bashkina, E. Seliverstova, A. Shilova, M. Shtepo
Objective. To summarize and analyze data from foreign publications on bronchial asthma phenotyping using cluster analysis. Main points: asthma in children has various factors underlying inflammation and symptom control. There are methodological approaches that can eliminate this heterogeneity, for example, cluster analysis to identify asthma phenotypes and predict treatment outcomes. However, there have been no attempts to cluster patients by the relationship between treatment and clinical outcome. The approaches to long-term prognosis in children with asthma have not been sufficiently studied. Key words: children, bronchial asthma
{"title":"Phenotyping of bronchial asthma in children: challenges and ways to address them","authors":"T. Stroykova, N. Geppe, O. Bashkina, E. Seliverstova, A. Shilova, M. Shtepo","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-104-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-104-109","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To summarize and analyze data from foreign publications on bronchial asthma phenotyping using cluster analysis. Main points: asthma in children has various factors underlying inflammation and symptom control. There are methodological approaches that can eliminate this heterogeneity, for example, cluster analysis to identify asthma phenotypes and predict treatment outcomes. However, there have been no attempts to cluster patients by the relationship between treatment and clinical outcome. The approaches to long-term prognosis in children with asthma have not been sufficiently studied. Key words: children, bronchial asthma","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67745996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-67-75
E. Pyrieva, M. Timoshina
This article discusses the relevant aspects of prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in children of the first year of life. The preventive role of psychological support for families and breastfeeding in the early stages after the child’s birth is emphasized. The issues of formula feeding, the influence of the composition of infant formulas on the intestinal microbiota and its functional activity, which relates to the development of FGID, are discussed separately. The features of the composition of goat milk formulas are considered in the aspect of its effect on the gastrointestinal function in infants. Key words: infants, breastfeeding, formula feeding, microbiota, goat milk formula
{"title":"Current issues of prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants receiving different types of feeding","authors":"E. Pyrieva, M. Timoshina","doi":"10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-67-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-67-75","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the relevant aspects of prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in children of the first year of life. The preventive role of psychological support for families and breastfeeding in the early stages after the child’s birth is emphasized. The issues of formula feeding, the influence of the composition of infant formulas on the intestinal microbiota and its functional activity, which relates to the development of FGID, are discussed separately. The features of the composition of goat milk formulas are considered in the aspect of its effect on the gastrointestinal function in infants. Key words: infants, breastfeeding, formula feeding, microbiota, goat milk formula","PeriodicalId":38157,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Prakticheskoi Pediatrii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67747230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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