Arachnology最新文献

{"title":"Bridging gaps: first record of Sternophoridae (Pseudoscorpiones: Iocheirata) from South America","authors":"Eduardo Villarreal Blanco, Karla Marimon","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.604","url":null,"abstract":"Perhaps one of the most curious and morphologically distinctive families in the order Pseudoscorpiones is Sternophoridae Chamberlin, 1923, whose members can be distinguished by the presence of a pseudosternum between the coxae (Chamberlin 1931). Currently, the family is the sole member of the superfamily Sternophoroidea Chamberlin, 1923 which exhibits a strong phylogenetic relationship with the superfamily Cheiridioidea Hansen, 1894 (Benavides et al. 2019). However, strong differences in external morphology were sufficient for them to be retained as separate superfamilies ( Harvey 1992; Benavides et al. 2019). Nevertheless, the taxonomy within the family is complicated, and Harvey (1985) reduced the number of recognized genera from six to three, given that some characters used by earlier authors, such as the number of trichobothria on the movable chelal finger, the anterior constriction of the carapace (sometimes termed the cucullus) were insufficient to support distinct genera. Harvey (1985) demonstrated that genital characters, especially those of the females (i.e. the cribriform plates), were more helpful to separate individuals at generic level, using them to proposed a new generic classification. Currently, sternophorids comprise 21 species in three genera (World Pseudoscorpiones Catalog 2022). The majority of species are included in the genus Afrosternophorus Beier, 1967 which is known from east Africa, Asia, and Australia (World Pseudoscorpiones Catalog 2022).Garyops Banks, 1909 and Idiogaryops Hoff, 1963 are restricted to North and Central America, and contain four and two species, respectively (World Pseudoscorpiones Catalog 2022). In this paper, we provide the first record of this family from South America, specifically, Idiogaryops paludis (Chamberlin, 1932) from the Tropical Dry Forest in Colombia. The material herein examined is lodged in the Instituto Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-I), Villa de Leyva and Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá (ICN-Aps). The specimens were collected and preserved in ethanol. They were dissected and examined using a Leica S8AP0 stereomicroscope and a Leica DM1000 microscope, observed after a clearing process using lactic acid and slides mounts according to Judson (1992) and Romero-Ortiz & Harvey (2019). After study, the specimens were rinsed in water and individually returned to ethanol along with the dissected appendages in glass microvials. The multifocal photographs and the measurements of the specimens were taken with a Leica MC–170 HD digital camera attached to a Leica M125 stereomicroscope. The photographs were stacked with the image stacking software Leica Application Suite version 4.1.0. Distribution maps were done using software QGIS 3.20.3 “Odense” and coordinates were taken from literature; when they were not available, approximations were made using GeoLocator (GeoLocator© Development Team 2021). The ecoregions shapefile used are available in Griffith, Omer","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79883933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of the courtship and copulation behaviours of the wall spider Oecobius concinnus (Oecobiidae)","authors":"Diego Solano-Brenes, Laura Segura-Hernández, Gilbert Barrantes","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.597","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Courtship and copulation behaviours are yet scantily described in many spider families, and this lack of information limits our understanding of the evolution of such behaviours within and across families. Here, we provide a detailed description of both courtship and copulation behaviour for Oecobius concinnus Simon, 1893. A striking characteristic of the male courtship is the construction of a tubular web (mating web) in which most courtship and copulation occurs. This web likely functions to restrain the female in a reduced space and as a substrate for male pheromones. The courtship consists of a complex web of interactions between both sexes, with some interactions being non-randomly performed.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80101875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new ant-hunting cobweb spider, Euryopis mallah sp. n. (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Iran","authors":"Ra'na Zakerzade, M. Moradmand, P. Jäger","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.632","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new species Euryopis mallah sp. n. (Araneae: Theridiidae) is described from Iran based on both sexes. A correctional note on the female copulatory organ is given. The observation of ant hunting behaviour is reported.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88629288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new epiphyte-dwelling spider from Mexico belonging to the yucatan group of Septentrinna (Araneae: Corinnidae)","authors":"Luis G. Quijano‐Cuervo, S. Negrete‐Yankelevich","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.617","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new species of Septentrinna Bonaldo 2000, belonging to the yucatan group, is described and illustrated based on eight males and five females. Septentrinna inecol sp. nov., is described from material obtained from shade-tree canopies located in a coffee plantation in Veracruz, Mexico. Natural history data on the new species and a distribution map of all currently known species of the genus in Central and North America are provided.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72850399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes on Yllenus uiguricus Logunov & Marusik, 2003 (Araneae, Salticidae): colour morphs, digging behaviour, and revised distribution","authors":"D. Logunov, Anatoly V. Ozernoy","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.635","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents new faunistic records, morphological data, and occasional natural history observations on Yllenus uiguricus Logunov & Marusik, 2003 (Salticidae) from south-east Kazakhstan. Three male colour forms and digging behaviour of Y. uiguricus are reported and described for the first time. Brief synopses of digging behaviour and colour polymorphism in Salticidae are also presented.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85919879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of lynx spider (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from the Western Ghats, India","authors":"","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.3.678","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oxyopes thumboormuzhiensis sp. nov. is described from the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. A detailed morphological description, diagnostic features, and illustrations of the copulatory organs of both sexes of this new species are presented.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79844018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New cases of teratological deformities in wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae)","authors":"A. A. Nadolny, Y. Marusik, T. Kronestedt, M. M. Kovblyuk, A. Zamani","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.585","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract New cases of abnormalities in the development of the copulatory organs in several species of wolf spiders are described: three specimens with side by side duplicated epigynes, one gynandromorph, four intersexes, and one with pathologically asymmetric epigyne. The potential causes of such disorders are discussed.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85587890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing sexual size dimorphism and nocturnal surface activity in the coastal wolf spider Allocosa alticeps","authors":"","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Allocosa alticeps (Mello-Leitão, 1944) inhabits coastal sandy areas in the south of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Information about the natural history and reproductive strategies of this species is extremely scarce. Allocosa senex (Mello-Leitão, 1945) and Allocosa marindia Simó, Lise, Pompozzi & Laborda 2017 are two burrowing wolf spiders from the subfamily Allocosinae which inhabit similar environments to A. alticeps. Both species show reversal in traditional sexual size dimorphism and sex roles expected in spiders. Males are larger than females and females are the wandering sex. These non-traditional patterns have been associated with the harsh coastal habitat where these two Allocosa live. Our objectives were to study nocturnal surface activity in A. alticeps, and analyse sexual dimorphism in this species. We performed nocturnal samplings to estimate surface activity and measured traits related to size, mobility, and burrowing in adults of both sexes (carapace, forelegs, and chelicerae). Females and males showed similar nocturnal surface activity. We did not find differences between the sexes in body size or other body traits, except that chelicerae were larger in males. Contrary to our expectations and, in spite of being an allocosine that inhabits coastal habitats, A. alticeps did not show reversal in mobility patterns and sexual dimorphism as described for A. senex and A. marindia. These results highlight the importance of studying A. alticeps, since they could reflect the transition to reverse SSD, for understanding the evolution of sex role reversal in the subfamily Allocosinae.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74084082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary survey of the ground-dwelling spider assemblages of the Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa (Arachnida: Araneae)","authors":"Charles R. Haddad","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.517","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ground-dwelling spider assemblages were sampled by pitfall trapping in four contrasting biotopes in the Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa, situated in the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany biodiversity hotspot. Over two years (2006 and 2007) in two seasons (mid-summer and winter, 10 days each) 1261 spiders were collected, representing 31 families and 121 species. Twenty-five taxa were recorded from Ndumo for the first time. Spider activity densities and species richness were highest in the deciduous broadleaf woodland (BW, n = 538, S = 106), followed by Albizia adianthifolia-Vachellia tortilis woodland (AW, n = 358, S = 70), sand forest (SF, n = 188, S = 74), and Mahemane thicket (MT, n = 177, S = 53). The four most abundant species were Asemesthes ceresicola Tucker, 1923 (Gnaphosidae, 27.8%), Arctosa sp. (Lycosidae, 8.4%), Pardosa crassipalpis Purcell, 1903 (Lycosidae, 7.4%), and Stenaelurillus guttiger (Simon, 1901) (Salticidae, 5.2%). Species richness and activity densities were strongly seasonal, with sharp decreases in winter. Conservation assessments could not be carried out on a sizable proportion of the species collected, as they represent new taxa or were only represented by immatures (30.6%), but of the remainder the majority had a conservation status of Least Concern (64.5%), with very few being Data Deficient (4.1%) and a single vulnerable species being collected, Massagris natalensis Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009. However, among the new taxa not assessed there may be several Maputaland endemics.","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85290997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the taxonomic and nomenclatural status of Ocyale Audouin, 1826 (Araneae: Pisauridae) and Hippasosa Roewer, 1960 (Araneae: Lycosidae), with notes on some other taxa","authors":"","doi":"10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2022.19.2.582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38197,"journal":{"name":"Arachnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76487793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}