Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100667
Yasmin Jahan , Atiqur SM-Rahman
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Bridging the equity gap in colorectal cancer screening: A comparative analysis across high-income countries” [J. Cancer Policy 46 (2025) 100657]","authors":"Yasmin Jahan , Atiqur SM-Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100637
Ajay Aggarwal, Richard Sullivan
{"title":"Mapping the global oncology & policy research landscape","authors":"Ajay Aggarwal, Richard Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100637"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Project ECHO has emerged as a promising virtual peer-learning model to support National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It aligns with the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013–2020, which underscores national coordination and multisectoral action [2]. In response to the recent evaluation by Eldridge et al., we offer additional insights highlighting the limitations of individual-level training when structural barriers remain unaddressed. Drawing lessons from cervical cancer prevention in Botswana and palliative care capacity-building in India, we argue that ECHO’s full potential lies in national-level integration, cross-sector policy coordination, and localized implementation. This correspondence emphasizes a systems-level perspective to sustainably embed ECHO-based knowledge into cancer control programs across LMICs.
{"title":"Beyond virtual learning: Leveraging project ECHO to sustain and localize national cancer control plan implementation in LMICs","authors":"Nathkapach Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon, Natnapa Heebkaew Padchasuwan, Nav La, Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Project ECHO has emerged as a promising virtual peer-learning model to support National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It aligns with the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013–2020, which underscores national coordination and multisectoral action [2]. In response to the recent evaluation by Eldridge et al., we offer additional insights highlighting the limitations of individual-level training when structural barriers remain unaddressed. Drawing lessons from cervical cancer prevention in Botswana and palliative care capacity-building in India, we argue that ECHO’s full potential lies in national-level integration, cross-sector policy coordination, and localized implementation. This correspondence emphasizes a systems-level perspective to sustainably embed ECHO-based knowledge into cancer control programs across LMICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100671
Truong Ngoc Tham , Nguyen Le My Han , Nguyen Thien Quang , Bui Dan Hieu Phuong , Nguyen Thao Ngan , Phillip Tran , Nguyen Tien Huy
{"title":"Cancer is getting younger: Alarming patterns of early-onset malignancies in Vietnam","authors":"Truong Ngoc Tham , Nguyen Le My Han , Nguyen Thien Quang , Bui Dan Hieu Phuong , Nguyen Thao Ngan , Phillip Tran , Nguyen Tien Huy","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100669
Alyson Haslam , Timothée Olivier , Vinay Prasad
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the landscape of tumor therapy. Yet, little is known about the collective long-term survival from these therapies. We sought to characterize long-term survival.
Methods
In a cross-sectional analysis of US FDA oncology ICI drug approvals (2011–2023), we retrieved data from supporting registration trials. We examined the percentage of study participants surviving at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 60-months follow-up; the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Value Framework Tail of the Curve calculation; and the correlation between the longest time with 10 % of patients still at-risk and the difference in the percentage of patients in each treatment group alive.
Results
Out of 88 included approvals, 20 (22.7 %) qualified for ASCO’s tail of the curve bonus. Twenty-seven studies (30.7 %) did not report OS at 12 months; 44 (50.0 %) did not report OS at 24 months; 60 (68.2 %) did not report OS at 36 months; and 78 (88.6 %) did not report OS at 60 months. We found no correlation between the last time that at least 10 % of patients were still at-risk and the difference in the percentage of patients in each group still alive at that time-point (R2=0.1; p = 0.30). Among 81 studies that reported an OS curve, the longest time with at least 10 % of participants at-risk was a median of 30 months. The median difference in survival was 8 %.
Conclusions
Few registration trials testing ICI oncology therapies report long-term overall survival data. The gathering and reporting of this information should be incentivized so that the value of these drugs for patients can be more readily assessed.
{"title":"Cross sectional analysis of long-term overall survival among patients taking immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs","authors":"Alyson Haslam , Timothée Olivier , Vinay Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the landscape of tumor therapy. Yet, little is known about the collective long-term survival from these therapies. We sought to characterize long-term survival.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a cross-sectional analysis of US FDA oncology ICI drug approvals (2011–2023), we retrieved data from supporting registration trials. We examined the percentage of study participants surviving at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 60-months follow-up; the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Value Framework Tail of the Curve calculation; and the correlation between the longest time with 10 % of patients still at-risk and the difference in the percentage of patients in each treatment group alive.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 88 included approvals, 20 (22.7 %) qualified for ASCO’s tail of the curve bonus. Twenty-seven studies (30.7 %) did not report OS at 12 months; 44 (50.0 %) did not report OS at 24 months; 60 (68.2 %) did not report OS at 36 months; and 78 (88.6 %) did not report OS at 60 months. We found no correlation between the last time that at least 10 % of patients were still at-risk and the difference in the percentage of patients in each group still alive at that time-point (R<sup>2</sup>=0.1; p = 0.30). Among 81 studies that reported an OS curve, the longest time with at least 10 % of participants at-risk was a median of 30 months. The median difference in survival was 8 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Few registration trials testing ICI oncology therapies report long-term overall survival data. The gathering and reporting of this information should be incentivized so that the value of these drugs for patients can be more readily assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100668
Fabriccio J. Visconti-Lopez , Johana Galvan-Barrios , Oscar Andrés Alzate Mejía , Foday Tejan Mansaray
This study aimed to evaluate the geographic distribution of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy clinical trials for childhood cancer and assess their alignment with global health needs. Using a quantitative approach, we analyzed data on 317 clinical trials from the WHO’s Global Observatory on Health Research and Development (2007–2022) alongside global health metrics, stratified by WHO region. Our results show a profound geographic imbalance: 56.7 % of trials occurred in the Western Pacific and 27.7 % in the Americas, while regions like Africa, the Eastern Mediterranean, and South-East Asia hosted almost none. Academic institutions were the primary sponsors (69.2 %). Correlational analysis revealed no statistically significant link between trial frequency and childhood cancer mortality rates. The only significant correlation found was between the number of trials and alcohol-related deaths in children aged 5–14 (r² = 0.67; p = 0.04). These findings indicate a stark misalignment between scientific research and the regions with the greatest pediatric oncology burden, highlighting significant scientific inequity. We conclude that structural barriers and misaligned funding prevent vulnerable populations from accessing these transformative therapies, necessitating a strategic shift in global policy to ensure equitable research distribution.
{"title":"Geographic distribution of CAR T-cell therapy clinical trials for childhood cancer: Scientific coherence and persistent needs","authors":"Fabriccio J. Visconti-Lopez , Johana Galvan-Barrios , Oscar Andrés Alzate Mejía , Foday Tejan Mansaray","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the geographic distribution of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy clinical trials for childhood cancer and assess their alignment with global health needs. Using a quantitative approach, we analyzed data on 317 clinical trials from the WHO’s Global Observatory on Health Research and Development (2007–2022) alongside global health metrics, stratified by WHO region. Our results show a profound geographic imbalance: 56.7 % of trials occurred in the Western Pacific and 27.7 % in the Americas, while regions like Africa, the Eastern Mediterranean, and South-East Asia hosted almost none. Academic institutions were the primary sponsors (69.2 %). Correlational analysis revealed no statistically significant link between trial frequency and childhood cancer mortality rates. The only significant correlation found was between the number of trials and alcohol-related deaths in children aged 5–14 (r² = 0.67; p = 0.04). These findings indicate a stark misalignment between scientific research and the regions with the greatest pediatric oncology burden, highlighting significant scientific inequity. We conclude that structural barriers and misaligned funding prevent vulnerable populations from accessing these transformative therapies, necessitating a strategic shift in global policy to ensure equitable research distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100664
Alex S. Borromeo , Russell John Catalig , Abigail Ramos , Catherine Atud , Josefina Reyes , Walton Wider
Background
Survivorship has become a central component of early-stage breast cancer care, yet implementation of evidence-based models remains inconsistent across settings. Nurses now serve as the backbone of follow-up, psychosocial support, and patient-reported outcome (PRO) monitoring, linking hospital and community-based care.
Objectives
To map nursing’s scholarly contributions to survivorship, identify dominant research clusters and intellectual anchors, and explain why proven nurse-enabled and PRO-driven models remain underutilized in clinical practice.
Interventions/Methods
A critical bibliometric review was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection (1970–2024). Descriptive metrics and VOSviewer co-citation and co-word analyses were used to examine publication trends, thematic clusters, and intellectual linkages.
Results
A total of 196 peer-reviewed articles (5,361 citations; H-index = 39) were identified. Four key clusters emerged: (1) risk-stratified nurse-led follow-up, (2) psychosocial well-being and rehabilitation, (3) shared decision-making and communication, and (4) PRO and quality-of-life infrastructure. Evidence supports streamlined, nurse-enabled care as safe and effective, with PRO-integrated triage reducing emergency visits and improving outcomes. Persistent gaps relate to limited reimbursement, workforce constraints, and PRO collection without actionable triage protocols.
Conclusions
Nursing constitutes the operational core of survivorship. Embedding PROs as clinical triggers, integrating psychosocial and rehabilitation services, and aligning funding with nurse-led, equity-focused pathways can transform survivorship delivery.
Implications for Oncology Nursing Practice
Oncology nurses should lead risk-stratified follow-up, normalize distress and exercise screening, and operationalize PRO triage with defined response times. Institutions should reimburse nurse-led encounters, report survivorship quality indicators, and scale culturally responsive models to achieve equitable survivorship care.
背景：生存已经成为早期乳腺癌护理的核心组成部分，然而基于证据的模型的实施在不同的环境中仍然不一致。护士现在是随访、社会心理支持和患者报告结果监测的骨干，将医院和社区护理联系起来。目的：描绘护理对幸存者的学术贡献，确定主要的研究集群和智力锚点，并解释为什么经过验证的护士支持和pro驱动模型在临床实践中仍未得到充分利用。干预措施/方法：使用Web of Science核心馆藏（1970-2024）进行了重要的文献计量学综述。使用描述性指标和VOSviewer共引和共词分析来检查出版趋势，专题集群和智力联系。结果：共收录同行评议论文196篇（引用5361次，H-index = 39）。出现了四个关键集群：(1)风险分层护士主导的随访；(2)社会心理健康和康复；(3)共同决策和沟通；(4)PRO和生活质量基础设施。证据支持简化的、由护士支持的护理是安全有效的，采用pro集成的分诊减少了急诊次数并改善了结果。持续的差距与有限的报销、劳动力限制和没有可操作的分类协议的PRO收集有关。结论：护理是生存的操作核心。将专业支持作为临床触发因素，整合社会心理和康复服务，并将资金与护士主导的、以公平为重点的途径相结合，可以改变幸存者救助的方式。对肿瘤护理实践的启示：肿瘤护士应领导风险分层随访，使痛苦和运动筛查正常化，并在明确的响应时间内实施PRO分诊。机构应该报销护士领导的接触，报告幸存者质量指标，并扩大文化响应模式，以实现公平的幸存者护理。
{"title":"Nurse-enabled survivorship in early-stage breast cancer (1970–2024): A critical bibliometric review of models, outcomes, and PRO-driven workflows","authors":"Alex S. Borromeo , Russell John Catalig , Abigail Ramos , Catherine Atud , Josefina Reyes , Walton Wider","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Survivorship has become a central component of early-stage breast cancer care, yet implementation of evidence-based models remains inconsistent across settings. Nurses now serve as the backbone of follow-up, psychosocial support, and patient-reported outcome (PRO) monitoring, linking hospital and community-based care.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To map nursing’s scholarly contributions to survivorship, identify dominant research clusters and intellectual anchors, and explain why proven nurse-enabled and PRO-driven models remain underutilized in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Interventions/Methods</h3><div>A critical bibliometric review was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection (1970–2024). Descriptive metrics and VOSviewer co-citation and co-word analyses were used to examine publication trends, thematic clusters, and intellectual linkages.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 196 peer-reviewed articles (5,361 citations; H-index = 39) were identified. Four key clusters emerged: (1) risk-stratified nurse-led follow-up, (2) psychosocial well-being and rehabilitation, (3) shared decision-making and communication, and (4) PRO and quality-of-life infrastructure. Evidence supports streamlined, nurse-enabled care as safe and effective, with PRO-integrated triage reducing emergency visits and improving outcomes. Persistent gaps relate to limited reimbursement, workforce constraints, and PRO collection without actionable triage protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nursing constitutes the operational core of survivorship. Embedding PROs as clinical triggers, integrating psychosocial and rehabilitation services, and aligning funding with nurse-led, equity-focused pathways can transform survivorship delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for Oncology Nursing Practice</h3><div>Oncology nurses should lead risk-stratified follow-up, normalize distress and exercise screening, and operationalize PRO triage with defined response times. Institutions should reimburse nurse-led encounters, report survivorship quality indicators, and scale culturally responsive models to achieve equitable survivorship care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100665
Javier-David Benitez-Fuentes
{"title":"US pharmaceutical tariffs and European oncology: Policy risks, openings, and clinical implications","authors":"Javier-David Benitez-Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100666
Rashidul Alam Mahumud
Surrogate endpoints have accelerated access to oncology drugs but often leave uncertainty about net patient benefit. We propose a pragmatic framework that recentres overall survival (OS) as both the definitive patient-centred efficacy endpoint and a safety guardrail capable of detecting net harm that intermediate measures may miss. The framework comprises four pillars. First, designing for harm exclusion: protocols should prespecify a clinically meaningful OS harm margin, power event-driven follow-up to exclude or detect that margin with precision, and mandate independent data monitoring committee oversight. Analyses should match explicit estimands and pair hazard ratios with restricted mean survival time to accommodate non-proportional hazards. Second, handling crossover and post-progression therapy: when crossover is ethical or unavoidable, trials should adopt treatment-policy estimands for the primary question and prespecified causal sensitivity analyses. Protocols must map access to guideline-concordant post-progression care, record uptake and timing, and distinguish biological dilution from health-system scarcity. Third, using surrogates with discipline: when OS cannot feasibly be primary, sponsors should submit a disease-specific surrogate dossier summarising trial- and patient-level validation and quantifying expected translation to OS, while continuing to collect OS and assess it against the prespecified harm boundary. Fourth, preventing missingness-driven bias: continue outcome collection after treatment discontinuation, set triggers for asymmetric loss to follow-up, and perform structured tipping-point analyses. We recommend a regulatory traffic-light aligned to OS maturity, green (traditional approval), amber (time-limited with confirmatory obligations), red (standards unmet), and conditioning economic conclusions (QALYs, net monetary benefit) on OS harm exclusion. Operationalising OS as a safety guardrail protects patients and strengthens the credibility and value of cancer trials.
{"title":"Overall survival as a safety guardrail in cancer drug trials","authors":"Rashidul Alam Mahumud","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surrogate endpoints have accelerated access to oncology drugs but often leave uncertainty about net patient benefit. We propose a pragmatic framework that recentres overall survival (OS) as both the definitive patient-centred efficacy endpoint and a safety guardrail capable of detecting net harm that intermediate measures may miss. The framework comprises four pillars. First, designing for harm exclusion: protocols should prespecify a clinically meaningful OS harm margin, power event-driven follow-up to exclude or detect that margin with precision, and mandate independent data monitoring committee oversight. Analyses should match explicit estimands and pair hazard ratios with restricted mean survival time to accommodate non-proportional hazards. Second, handling crossover and post-progression therapy: when crossover is ethical or unavoidable, trials should adopt treatment-policy estimands for the primary question and prespecified causal sensitivity analyses. Protocols must map access to guideline-concordant post-progression care, record uptake and timing, and distinguish biological dilution from health-system scarcity. Third, using surrogates with discipline: when OS cannot feasibly be primary, sponsors should submit a disease-specific surrogate dossier summarising trial- and patient-level validation and quantifying expected translation to OS, while continuing to collect OS and assess it against the prespecified harm boundary. Fourth, preventing missingness-driven bias: continue outcome collection after treatment discontinuation, set triggers for asymmetric loss to follow-up, and perform structured tipping-point analyses. We recommend a regulatory traffic-light aligned to OS maturity, green (traditional approval), amber (time-limited with confirmatory obligations), red (standards unmet), and conditioning economic conclusions (QALYs, net monetary benefit) on OS harm exclusion. Operationalising OS as a safety guardrail protects patients and strengthens the credibility and value of cancer trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100661
Ruihang Luo , Maosen Liu , Wei Zhong, Hongyi Lai, Kun Ai, Mingshan Liu
{"title":"Letter to the Editor – Commentary on “Continued tobacco use beyond cancer diagnosis in India – A systematic review and meta-analysis”","authors":"Ruihang Luo , Maosen Liu , Wei Zhong, Hongyi Lai, Kun Ai, Mingshan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcpo.2025.100661","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38212,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Policy","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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