S. Kanagaprabha, R. Rajeswarapalanichamy, K. Iyakutti
The electronic structure and structural phase transition of TiH n (n = 1, 2 and 3) are investigated using the Tight-Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (TB-LMTO) method with Local density approximation (LDA) and Atomic sphere approximation (ASA). The equilibrium geometries, the electronic band structure, and the total and partial Density of States (DOS) are obtained under various pressures, and are analyzed in comparison with the available experimental and theoretical data. It is predicted that the most stable structure of Titanium hydride is a cubic structure at normal pressure. Both TiH and TiH 2 undergo a structural phase transition from a cubic to a hexagonal phase under high pressure. The stability of TiM 2 H and TiMH 2 is analyzed. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.7
采用局域密度近似(LDA)和原子球近似(ASA)的紧密结合线性松饼-锡轨道(TB-LMTO)方法研究了TiH n (n = 1、2和3)的电子结构和结构相变。得到了不同压力下的平衡几何形状、电子能带结构、总态密度和偏态密度，并与现有的实验和理论数据进行了对比分析。预测在常压下，氢化钛最稳定的结构是立方结构。TiH和tih2在高压下都经历了由立方相到六方相的结构相变。分析了timh2和timh2的稳定性。doi: 10.14456 / WJST.2014.7
{"title":"First Principles Study of Titanium Hydrides, TiHn: n = 1, 2, 3; Energetics and Phase Transition","authors":"S. Kanagaprabha, R. Rajeswarapalanichamy, K. Iyakutti","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V11I6.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V11I6.510","url":null,"abstract":"The electronic structure and structural phase transition of TiH n (n = 1, 2 and 3) are investigated using the Tight-Binding Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (TB-LMTO) method with Local density approximation (LDA) and Atomic sphere approximation (ASA). The equilibrium geometries, the electronic band structure, and the total and partial Density of States (DOS) are obtained under various pressures, and are analyzed in comparison with the available experimental and theoretical data. It is predicted that the most stable structure of Titanium hydride is a cubic structure at normal pressure. Both TiH and TiH 2 undergo a structural phase transition from a cubic to a hexagonal phase under high pressure. The stability of TiM 2 H and TiMH 2 is analyzed. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.7","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"525-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ad hoc networks are wireless networks with new architectures, which are formed in any environment that is needed, without a fixed infrastructure. Due to a lack of central management and fixed infrastructure, and the poor physical security of nodes, these networks are extremely vulnerable. As the usage and development of ad hoc networks increases, problems related to these networks are a popular research topic. Hence, efficient and effective algorithms, such as bee algorithms, were created, which were inspired by the foraging principles of honey bees. In this paper, we study algorithms based on bee swarms in ad hoc networks. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.2
{"title":"A Survey on Algorithms Based on Bee Swarms for Ad Hoc Networks","authors":"M. Rafsanjani, Hamideh Fatamidokht","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V12I1.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V12I1.575","url":null,"abstract":"Ad hoc networks are wireless networks with new architectures, which are formed in any environment that is needed, without a fixed infrastructure. Due to a lack of central management and fixed infrastructure, and the poor physical security of nodes, these networks are extremely vulnerable. As the usage and development of ad hoc networks increases, problems related to these networks are a popular research topic. Hence, efficient and effective algorithms, such as bee algorithms, were created, which were inspired by the foraging principles of honey bees. In this paper, we study algorithms based on bee swarms in ad hoc networks. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.2","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of moisture content in sweet corn waste and fermentation period on silage quality. Three pressure levels of 0, 0.6675 and 1.0013 N/cm 2 for 1 min were assigned to sweet corn waste obtained from the sweet corn factory. Four fermentation periods at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days were assigned on silage for the 3´4 factorial experimental design. The results showed that the level of pressure yielded different values (p < 0.01), for the dry matter, moisture, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, gross energy, lactic acid, acetic acid and the butyric acid, except crude protein, fat, ash and pH content. It was found that dry matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and gross energy increased when the level of pressure increased. The period of fermentation had a significant effect (p < 0.01) on chemical composition. The pH levels were high at 30 days of fermentation and decreased at longer periods up to 90 days. We concluded that sweet corn waste silage with higher dry matter content and being fermented for 30 days contained the highest nutritive values among all treatments combinations. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.18
{"title":"Effect of Moisture Content and Storage Time on Sweet Corn Waste Silage Quality","authors":"A. Panyasak, S. Tumwasorn","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V12I2.750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V12I2.750","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the effect of moisture content in sweet corn waste and fermentation period on silage quality. Three pressure levels of 0, 0.6675 and 1.0013 N/cm 2 for 1 min were assigned to sweet corn waste obtained from the sweet corn factory. Four fermentation periods at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days were assigned on silage for the 3´4 factorial experimental design. The results showed that the level of pressure yielded different values (p < 0.01), for the dry matter, moisture, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, gross energy, lactic acid, acetic acid and the butyric acid, except crude protein, fat, ash and pH content. It was found that dry matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and gross energy increased when the level of pressure increased. The period of fermentation had a significant effect (p < 0.01) on chemical composition. The pH levels were high at 30 days of fermentation and decreased at longer periods up to 90 days. We concluded that sweet corn waste silage with higher dry matter content and being fermented for 30 days contained the highest nutritive values among all treatments combinations. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.18","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, an accurate approximate solutions for 2 problems arising in heat transfer straight fins are presented using optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM). The approximated solutions are obtained at different values of parameters for the 2 problems are illustrated, and the fin efficiency is also evaluated. Moreover, the 2 problems are of nonlinear convective-radiative conduction and power-law fin-type. The obtained series solutions of OHAM are compared with the numerical solution (using Mathematica solver) and exact solutions. The square residual error is obtained to verify the accuracy of the presented method. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.87
{"title":"An Analytic Solution to a Parameterized Problems Arising in Heat Transfer Equations by Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method","authors":"H. N. Hassan, M. S. Semary","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V11I8.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V11I8.490","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an accurate approximate solutions for 2 problems arising in heat transfer straight fins are presented using optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM). The approximated solutions are obtained at different values of parameters for the 2 problems are illustrated, and the fin efficiency is also evaluated. Moreover, the 2 problems are of nonlinear convective-radiative conduction and power-law fin-type. The obtained series solutions of OHAM are compared with the numerical solution (using Mathematica solver) and exact solutions. The square residual error is obtained to verify the accuracy of the presented method. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.87","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"659-677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many natural products found in plants exhibit a variety of biological activities including antibiotic, antitumor, and antiviral activities that have been utilized in the medicinal field to cure millions of people from serious diseases. Euphorbia hirta Linn. herb, a folkloric medicinal plant in the Philippines against dengue is reportedly effective against the dengue virus. This deadly and painful mosquito-born disease continuously affects millions of people worldwide for there are no commercially developed drugs or vaccines available. From the viewpoint of overcoming the dengue disease, the authors investigated the chemical components of Euphorbia hirta Linn. Preliminary anti-dengue assay by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) revealed that the ethyl acetate layer was the most active fraction and significantly reduced the plaque forming capacity of the dengue virus serotypes 1 and 2 relative to the control. Further purification of the active ethyl acetate fraction afforded 6 known triterpene and 3 flavonoid compounds. The planar structures of these molecules were established by ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.65
{"title":"Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Potential Anti-Dengue Metabolites from Tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta Linn.)","authors":"W. Tayone, J. Tayone, M. Hashimoto","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V11I9.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V11I9.537","url":null,"abstract":"Many natural products found in plants exhibit a variety of biological activities including antibiotic, antitumor, and antiviral activities that have been utilized in the medicinal field to cure millions of people from serious diseases. Euphorbia hirta Linn. herb, a folkloric medicinal plant in the Philippines against dengue is reportedly effective against the dengue virus. This deadly and painful mosquito-born disease continuously affects millions of people worldwide for there are no commercially developed drugs or vaccines available. From the viewpoint of overcoming the dengue disease, the authors investigated the chemical components of Euphorbia hirta Linn. Preliminary anti-dengue assay by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) revealed that the ethyl acetate layer was the most active fraction and significantly reduced the plaque forming capacity of the dengue virus serotypes 1 and 2 relative to the control. Further purification of the active ethyl acetate fraction afforded 6 known triterpene and 3 flavonoid compounds. The planar structures of these molecules were established by ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.65","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"825-832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research was to develop a 3 step biodiesel production from waste coconut oil taken from a wastewater pond in a coconut milk manufacturing plant. Special attention was paid to optimizing the first step, acid catalyzed hydrolysis, to convert the waste coconut oil into high free fatty acid oil, 83.32 wt%. The first step was the acid hydrolysis, in order to produce high free fatty acid oil. The optimum condition in acid hydrolysis was 5 % by mass of hydrochloric acid, in order to produce high free fatty acid oil that could be used as raw material for biodiesel production. The second step was the acid esterification, in order to reduce the FFA and convert FFA to methyl ester. The reduction of the FFA from 83.32 % in high free fatty acid oil to less than 2 % required 3 % by mass of hydrochloric acid, a molar ratio of methanol to oil of 10: 1, and a reaction time of 60 min. The alkaline transesterification in the third step was used triglyceride at 1.0wt% of KOH for catalysis, a molar ratio of methanol to oil of 6:1, and a reaction time of 60 min. The waste coconut oil biodiesel was further evaluated by determining its fuel quality, and most of the properties were well within ASTM and EN standards. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.24
{"title":"Biodiesel Production from Waste Coconut Oil in Coconut Milk Manufacturing","authors":"S. Karnasuta, V. Punsuvon, R. Nokkaew","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V12I2.687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V12I2.687","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to develop a 3 step biodiesel production from waste coconut oil taken from a wastewater pond in a coconut milk manufacturing plant. Special attention was paid to optimizing the first step, acid catalyzed hydrolysis, to convert the waste coconut oil into high free fatty acid oil, 83.32 wt%. The first step was the acid hydrolysis, in order to produce high free fatty acid oil. The optimum condition in acid hydrolysis was 5 % by mass of hydrochloric acid, in order to produce high free fatty acid oil that could be used as raw material for biodiesel production. The second step was the acid esterification, in order to reduce the FFA and convert FFA to methyl ester. The reduction of the FFA from 83.32 % in high free fatty acid oil to less than 2 % required 3 % by mass of hydrochloric acid, a molar ratio of methanol to oil of 10: 1, and a reaction time of 60 min. The alkaline transesterification in the third step was used triglyceride at 1.0wt% of KOH for catalysis, a molar ratio of methanol to oil of 6:1, and a reaction time of 60 min. The waste coconut oil biodiesel was further evaluated by determining its fuel quality, and most of the properties were well within ASTM and EN standards. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.24","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we investigate the possibility for the production of high yield oil and phorbol esters removed from Thai toxic Jatropha curcas meal. Optimum oil recovery by hexane extraction to obtain high oil yield was accomplished in 3 stages of batch extraction, following which the de-oiled meal was further determined for the optimum conditions for removal of phorbol esters (PEs) by aqueous ethanol extraction from the first to the third stage of batch extraction with the aim of yielding detoxified de-oiled meal product for use as a raw material in animal feed. The optimum conditions for oil extraction was 3-stage extraction with each stage operated at 1:3 (w/v) of toxic meal to hexane at 40 °C for 30 min. This condition gave 100 % de-oiling efficiency compared with the Soxhlet extraction method. The optimum condition for PEs removal from the de-oiled meal involved 2-stage extraction with each stage operated at 1:3 (w/v) of de-oiled meal to aqueous ethanol at 50 °C for 30 min. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, was used to confirm the PEs residue in the detoxified de-oiled meal. The confirmation showed that the 2 stages of PEs extraction could remove 100 % of the PEs from the de-oiled meal. The results from our study can provide the basis for the efficient commercial production of both J. curcas oil and detoxified de-oiled meal. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.32
{"title":"Multistage Solvent Extraction for High Yield Oil and Phorbol Esters Removal from Thai Toxic Jatropha curcas Meal","authors":"R. Nokkaew, V. Punsuvon","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V12I2.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V12I2.835","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigate the possibility for the production of high yield oil and phorbol esters removed from Thai toxic Jatropha curcas meal. Optimum oil recovery by hexane extraction to obtain high oil yield was accomplished in 3 stages of batch extraction, following which the de-oiled meal was further determined for the optimum conditions for removal of phorbol esters (PEs) by aqueous ethanol extraction from the first to the third stage of batch extraction with the aim of yielding detoxified de-oiled meal product for use as a raw material in animal feed. The optimum conditions for oil extraction was 3-stage extraction with each stage operated at 1:3 (w/v) of toxic meal to hexane at 40 °C for 30 min. This condition gave 100 % de-oiling efficiency compared with the Soxhlet extraction method. The optimum condition for PEs removal from the de-oiled meal involved 2-stage extraction with each stage operated at 1:3 (w/v) of de-oiled meal to aqueous ethanol at 50 °C for 30 min. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, was used to confirm the PEs residue in the detoxified de-oiled meal. The confirmation showed that the 2 stages of PEs extraction could remove 100 % of the PEs from the de-oiled meal. The results from our study can provide the basis for the efficient commercial production of both J. curcas oil and detoxified de-oiled meal. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2015.32","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"100 1","pages":"299-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Second-harmonic generation in non-linear media is investigated. A normal mode analysis is proposed based on the Westervelt equation under the second-order approximation in nonlinear acoustics. This model takes into consideration attenuation, diffraction and nonlinear effects, together with dispersion. The fundamental and second harmonic is examined. The derived method is evaluated by 2-D analytical formulas which apply to tissue medium. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.48
{"title":"Normal Mode Analysis of the Nonlinear Acoustic Wave Equation","authors":"M. Othman, Mohamed Galal Sayed Ali, R. M. Farouk","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V11I4.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V11I4.366","url":null,"abstract":"Second-harmonic generation in non-linear media is investigated. A normal mode analysis is proposed based on the Westervelt equation under the second-order approximation in nonlinear acoustics. This model takes into consideration attenuation, diffraction and nonlinear effects, together with dispersion. The fundamental and second harmonic is examined. The derived method is evaluated by 2-D analytical formulas which apply to tissue medium. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2014.48","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"341-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Khwanchuea, Sasithorn Thanapop, Suchittra Samuhasaneeto, S. Chartwaingam, Sirirak Mukem
This study aimed to assess bone mineral density (BMD) status, and to explore association between lifestyle behaviors, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and BMD status of 217 students (55 males and 162 females) aged between 17 - 23 years studying at Walailak University. The BMD was measured at distal-third radius, and confirmed at mid-shaft tibia by Quantitative ultrasound analysis. BMI and WC were recorded to assess obesity, and lifestyle behaviors were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results showed 10.9 % males and 16 % females had low BMD (Z-score < -1) at both sites, while 29.1 % males and 11.8 % females were classified in the risk group. Proportions of the obese subjects assessed by BMI and WC were found to be greater in males (10.9 and 21.8 %) than females (6.8 and 18.5 %). Lifestyle behaviors of both genders were not much different. Only 45.2 % consumed milk ³ 3 packs/week. Most subjects (87.1 %) consumed high cholesterol diets (³ 3 days/week), while 24 % did exercise ³ 3 times/week. Both factors are of concern for the obese group. Crude analysis showed BMI, WC and milk intake are potential determinants of BMD. Final analysis indicated students with normal WC are found greater in a high BMD group than in a normal BMD group (RRR = 4.38), and the expected risk in the BMD group is lower for female students (RRR = 0.37). We suggest that to prevent osteoporosis in later life, healthy lifestyle practices should be promoted and obesity must be careful monitored during the age of peak bone mass.
{"title":"Waist Circumference: A Key Determinant of Bone Mass in University Students","authors":"R. Khwanchuea, Sasithorn Thanapop, Suchittra Samuhasaneeto, S. Chartwaingam, Sirirak Mukem","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V10I6.684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V10I6.684","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess bone mineral density (BMD) status, and to explore association between lifestyle behaviors, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and BMD status of 217 students (55 males and 162 females) aged between 17 - 23 years studying at Walailak University. The BMD was measured at distal-third radius, and confirmed at mid-shaft tibia by Quantitative ultrasound analysis. BMI and WC were recorded to assess obesity, and lifestyle behaviors were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results showed 10.9 % males and 16 % females had low BMD (Z-score < -1) at both sites, while 29.1 % males and 11.8 % females were classified in the risk group. Proportions of the obese subjects assessed by BMI and WC were found to be greater in males (10.9 and 21.8 %) than females (6.8 and 18.5 %). Lifestyle behaviors of both genders were not much different. Only 45.2 % consumed milk ³ 3 packs/week. Most subjects (87.1 %) consumed high cholesterol diets (³ 3 days/week), while 24 % did exercise ³ 3 times/week. Both factors are of concern for the obese group. Crude analysis showed BMI, WC and milk intake are potential determinants of BMD. Final analysis indicated students with normal WC are found greater in a high BMD group than in a normal BMD group (RRR = 4.38), and the expected risk in the BMD group is lower for female students (RRR = 0.37). We suggest that to prevent osteoporosis in later life, healthy lifestyle practices should be promoted and obesity must be careful monitored during the age of peak bone mass.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"665-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarawoot Palipoch, C. Punsawad, Dutsadee Chinnapun, Prasit Suwannalert
Cisplatin, cis -diamminedichloroplatinum (II) is a highly effective drug used to treat several cancers. Unfortunately, it has various clinical side effects affecting many tissues. However, small intestine toxicity induced by cisplatin has been rare reports to date. This study aims to investigate the pathology of small intestine upon cisplatin treatment at various doses using histological techniques. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: group 1 was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with normal saline; group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were IP injected with cisplatin at doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. On day 3, rats were weighed and small intestines were collected. This study found that cisplatin significantly reduces BW at all concentrations compared to saline group. Histological analysis of small intestine induced by cisplatin illustrating various pathologies includes hemodynamic change (hemorrhage), reversible injuries (distortion of mucosal architecture, development of subepithelial space and lifting of epithelial layer from the lamina propria) and irreversible injuries (degenerative changes of villi, sloughing of necrotic villi into intestinal lumina and loss of villi). Additionally, cellular adaptations were also elicited including hyperplasia of lamina propria and columnar epithelium lining villi and atrophy of villi. In conclusion, cisplatin administrations lead to pathologies of small intestine, consequently causing weight loss whose severity depends on its concentrations .
{"title":"Histopathology of Small Intestine Induced by Cisplatin in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Sarawoot Palipoch, C. Punsawad, Dutsadee Chinnapun, Prasit Suwannalert","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V10I6.689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V10I6.689","url":null,"abstract":"Cisplatin, cis -diamminedichloroplatinum (II) is a highly effective drug used to treat several cancers. Unfortunately, it has various clinical side effects affecting many tissues. However, small intestine toxicity induced by cisplatin has been rare reports to date. This study aims to investigate the pathology of small intestine upon cisplatin treatment at various doses using histological techniques. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: group 1 was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with normal saline; group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were IP injected with cisplatin at doses of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. On day 3, rats were weighed and small intestines were collected. This study found that cisplatin significantly reduces BW at all concentrations compared to saline group. Histological analysis of small intestine induced by cisplatin illustrating various pathologies includes hemodynamic change (hemorrhage), reversible injuries (distortion of mucosal architecture, development of subepithelial space and lifting of epithelial layer from the lamina propria) and irreversible injuries (degenerative changes of villi, sloughing of necrotic villi into intestinal lumina and loss of villi). Additionally, cellular adaptations were also elicited including hyperplasia of lamina propria and columnar epithelium lining villi and atrophy of villi. In conclusion, cisplatin administrations lead to pathologies of small intestine, consequently causing weight loss whose severity depends on its concentrations .","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"657-663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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