Characterization and knowledge of the variability of atmospheric dynamics on a small scale in the city of Riobamba, Ecuador, are achieved through the chaos theory. Meteorological data is taken every hour during four years, including variables such as wind speed, wind direction, incident radiation, temperature, and humidity, from the ESPOCH, SAN JUAN, and QUIMIAG weather stations in the canton of Riobamba. The van Ulden and Hostlang models are used to calculate the Obukhov length, surface heat fluxes, and latent heat flux. The chaos theory is applied to study the variation of atmospheric microdynamics. The Lyapunov coefficients, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, and Kaplan-Yorke fractal dimension are determined. Before analysis, noise reduction is necessary due to the lack of correlation, especially in the Obukhov length. This research follows a longitudinal design and employs quantitative and explanatory methods based on data analysis, statistical-mathematical techniques, and inductive-deductive approaches. The results indicate a highly variable system, reflected in a high number of Lyapunov coefficients, fractional dimensions, and entropy variations. The microdynamic parameters exhibit hyperchaotic behavior, as indicated by the presence of more than one positive Lyapunov coefficient. The variables also demonstrate a fractional fractal dimension, highlighting the irregularity in the geometric representation of the system.
{"title":"Small-scale variation of atmospheric dynamics applying chaos theory, case study","authors":"Arquímides Haro Velasteguí, Jorge Lara Sinaluisa, Nelly Perugachi Cahueñas, Juan Martínez Nogales","doi":"10.20937/atm.53274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53274","url":null,"abstract":"Characterization and knowledge of the variability of atmospheric dynamics on a small scale in the city of Riobamba, Ecuador, are achieved through the chaos theory. Meteorological data is taken every hour during four years, including variables such as wind speed, wind direction, incident radiation, temperature, and humidity, from the ESPOCH, SAN JUAN, and QUIMIAG weather stations in the canton of Riobamba. The van Ulden and Hostlang models are used to calculate the Obukhov length, surface heat fluxes, and latent heat flux. The chaos theory is applied to study the variation of atmospheric microdynamics. The Lyapunov coefficients, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, and Kaplan-Yorke fractal dimension are determined. Before analysis, noise reduction is necessary due to the lack of correlation, especially in the Obukhov length. This research follows a longitudinal design and employs quantitative and explanatory methods based on data analysis, statistical-mathematical techniques, and inductive-deductive approaches. The results indicate a highly variable system, reflected in a high number of Lyapunov coefficients, fractional dimensions, and entropy variations. The microdynamic parameters exhibit hyperchaotic behavior, as indicated by the presence of more than one positive Lyapunov coefficient. The variables also demonstrate a fractional fractal dimension, highlighting the irregularity in the geometric representation of the system.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"77 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ó. Álvarez-Rivera, Héctor Estrada‐Medina, Miriam Monserrat Ferrer, A. O’Connor-Sánchez
Airborne microbiota has garnered increasing interest in recent decades, not only because of its role as carrier of pathogenic microorganisms and its involvement in the deterioration of man-made objects, buildings, and food but also because of its participation in atmospheric processes and its content of microorganisms, important for biogeochemical cycles in different ecosystems. In order to understand and comprehensively analyze existing studies on airborne microbiota in Mexico, a systematic review was conducted utilizing Web of Science and Google Scholar as search tools. The information found in the 35 identified publications was systematically organized, including title, study location, sampling method, laboratory approach, identification method, and organisms found. This information was then ordered into three sections: bibliometric analysis, employed methodologies, and main findings. Through this work, it was revealed that the studies were carried out in 14 out of the 32 states of Mexico, with Mexico City standing out with 17 articles. Three methodological approaches were identified: microbial cultures (77% of the studies), microscopy (11.5%), and metagenomics (11.5%). The studies predominantly focused on state capitals or densely populated cities, making the identification of potentially pathogenic organisms from humans, animals, and plants, of particular interest. This comprehensive review lays the foundation for proposing compelling avenues of future research, aimed at advancing our comprehension of airborne microbiota in Mexico.
{"title":"Studies on airborne microbiota in Mexico, a review","authors":"Ó. Álvarez-Rivera, Héctor Estrada‐Medina, Miriam Monserrat Ferrer, A. O’Connor-Sánchez","doi":"10.20937/atm.53325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53325","url":null,"abstract":"Airborne microbiota has garnered increasing interest in recent decades, not only because of its role as carrier of pathogenic microorganisms and its involvement in the deterioration of man-made objects, buildings, and food but also because of its participation in atmospheric processes and its content of microorganisms, important for biogeochemical cycles in different ecosystems. In order to understand and comprehensively analyze existing studies on airborne microbiota in Mexico, a systematic review was conducted utilizing Web of Science and Google Scholar as search tools. The information found in the 35 identified publications was systematically organized, including title, study location, sampling method, laboratory approach, identification method, and organisms found. This information was then ordered into three sections: bibliometric analysis, employed methodologies, and main findings. Through this work, it was revealed that the studies were carried out in 14 out of the 32 states of Mexico, with Mexico City standing out with 17 articles. Three methodological approaches were identified: microbial cultures (77% of the studies), microscopy (11.5%), and metagenomics (11.5%). The studies predominantly focused on state capitals or densely populated cities, making the identification of potentially pathogenic organisms from humans, animals, and plants, of particular interest. This comprehensive review lays the foundation for proposing compelling avenues of future research, aimed at advancing our comprehension of airborne microbiota in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"53 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amalia Iriza-Burca, R. Dumitrache, B. Maco, Mihăiţă-Cristinel Hustiu, Felix Fundel, Daniel Rieger, Roland Potthast
This paper aims to offer the first detailed inter-comparison of the performance from the numerical weather prediction models Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) and Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic General Circulation Model, Limited Area Mode (ICON-LAM), integrated for the Romanian territory at the horizontal resolution of 2.8 km. As the ICON numerical model is set to replace COSMO, a comparison is carried out between the operational configurations of the two models. First, two cases with severe weather (strong atmospheric instability, observed heavy precipitation, and strong wind) are analyzed: February 3-6, 2020 (heavy precipitation [snow] and very strong wind) and May 3-5, 2020 (heavy precipitation). This is followed by a statistical inter-comparison between the two models for the summer of 2020 (June, July, August). A statistical evaluation of the forecast quality from the two models is performed objectively, through statistical scores computed using surface observations from all available meteorological stations on the Romanian territory. Stratifications depending on station altitude and location are carried out, with emphasis on stations of particular interest, depending on the evolution of the synoptic situation. Following the statistical evaluation, results for the precipitation forecast do not show significant improvement in favor of either model. However, ICON-2.8 km mostly outperforms COSMO-2.8 km for surface parameters.
{"title":"Comparison of COSMO and ICON-LAM high-resolution numerical forecast for Romanian territory: Case studies and evaluation","authors":"Amalia Iriza-Burca, R. Dumitrache, B. Maco, Mihăiţă-Cristinel Hustiu, Felix Fundel, Daniel Rieger, Roland Potthast","doi":"10.20937/atm.53305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53305","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to offer the first detailed inter-comparison of the performance from the numerical weather prediction models Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) and Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic General Circulation Model, Limited Area Mode (ICON-LAM), integrated for the Romanian territory at the horizontal resolution of 2.8 km. As the ICON numerical model is set to replace COSMO, a comparison is carried out between the operational configurations of the two models. First, two cases with severe weather (strong atmospheric instability, observed heavy precipitation, and strong wind) are analyzed: February 3-6, 2020 (heavy precipitation [snow] and very strong wind) and May 3-5, 2020 (heavy precipitation). This is followed by a statistical inter-comparison between the two models for the summer of 2020 (June, July, August). A statistical evaluation of the forecast quality from the two models is performed objectively, through statistical scores computed using surface observations from all available meteorological stations on the Romanian territory. Stratifications depending on station altitude and location are carried out, with emphasis on stations of particular interest, depending on the evolution of the synoptic situation. Following the statistical evaluation, results for the precipitation forecast do not show significant improvement in favor of either model. However, ICON-2.8 km mostly outperforms COSMO-2.8 km for surface parameters.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140253368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hot days observed during February 2024, reaching 30oC in Mexico City, have made its inhabitants forget that it was the winter season, characterized by dry and cool weather. While such extreme events are often associated with climate change, the current state of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system indicates the last months of an El Niño state, after an expectation of this to be within the top 5 El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (https://cutt.ly/rw1h4T26). The effects of ENSO on the seasonal climate have been widely studied (Philander 1990), and their impacts on Mexico have also been documented (Magana, 2004). Recent seasonal forecasts suggest a progression towards a neutral state for the April-June 2024 season. And further projections indicate a 55% of chance of La Niña developing during the rainy season of 2024. This suggests an end to dry and warm conditions and the possibility of increased rainfall. (Magaña et al. 2003). However, with an ongoing drought over most of the Mexican region, and a water crisis affecting central Mexico, it seems that the seasonal forecasts based on ENSO projections set up the stage for a critical situation for most of the country during the Spring season.
{"title":"A hot Spring for Mexico in 2024","authors":"Victor M. Torres","doi":"10.20937/atm.53377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53377","url":null,"abstract":"Hot days observed during February 2024, reaching 30oC in Mexico City, have made its inhabitants forget that it was the winter season, characterized by dry and cool weather. While such extreme events are often associated with climate change, the current state of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system indicates the last months of an El Niño state, after an expectation of this to be within the top 5 El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (https://cutt.ly/rw1h4T26). The effects of ENSO on the seasonal climate have been widely studied (Philander 1990), and their impacts on Mexico have also been documented (Magana, 2004). Recent seasonal forecasts suggest a progression towards a neutral state for the April-June 2024 season. And further projections indicate a 55% of chance of La Niña developing during the rainy season of 2024. This suggests an end to dry and warm conditions and the possibility of increased rainfall. (Magaña et al. 2003). However, with an ongoing drought over most of the Mexican region, and a water crisis affecting central Mexico, it seems that the seasonal forecasts based on ENSO projections set up the stage for a critical situation for most of the country during the Spring season.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"131 s216","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heat island characteristics depend on the background climate of the site where the city is located. Therefore, an index was defined for the Isfahan metropolitan area to quantify the surface urban heat island intensity. This new index is based on the representative pixels of urban and non-urban areas. For this purpose, MODIS land cover type product (MCD12Q1) data were used to distinguish between urban and non-urban areas. Also, data from the MODIS/Terra land surface temperature product (MOD11A1) from 2000 to 2018 were utilized for daytime and nighttime to study the surface heat island intensity. Then, the representative pixels of urban and non-urban areas were identified using the spatial correlation method, and the heat island index was calculated for the metropolitan area of Isfahan. The study showed that the frequency distribution of the nighttime heat island index follows a normal distribution and is often 3.5 to 4º K above the temperature of the surrounding areas of the city. The 365-day floating mean of the surface urban heat island reveals that this index has increased in recent years. The research of temporal behavior showed that the intensity of the surface urban heat island reaches its maximum in January and becomes weaker in summer, while the survey of spatial behavior showed that the core of the surface urban heat island extends towards downtown areas, where the oldest part of the city is located.
{"title":"Quantifying of surface urban heat island intensity in Isfahan metropolis using MODISTerraLST data","authors":"Majid Montazeri, Seyed Abolfazl Masoodian","doi":"10.20937/atm.53249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53249","url":null,"abstract":"Heat island characteristics depend on the background climate of the site where the city is located. Therefore, an index was defined for the Isfahan metropolitan area to quantify the surface urban heat island intensity. This new index is based on the representative pixels of urban and non-urban areas. For this purpose, MODIS land cover type product (MCD12Q1) data were used to distinguish between urban and non-urban areas. Also, data from the MODIS/Terra land surface temperature product (MOD11A1) from 2000 to 2018 were utilized for daytime and nighttime to study the surface heat island intensity. Then, the representative pixels of urban and non-urban areas were identified using the spatial correlation method, and the heat island index was calculated for the metropolitan area of Isfahan. The study showed that the frequency distribution of the nighttime heat island index follows a normal distribution and is often 3.5 to 4º K above the temperature of the surrounding areas of the city. The 365-day floating mean of the surface urban heat island reveals that this index has increased in recent years. The research of temporal behavior showed that the intensity of the surface urban heat island reaches its maximum in January and becomes weaker in summer, while the survey of spatial behavior showed that the core of the surface urban heat island extends towards downtown areas, where the oldest part of the city is located.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skies over Delhi become blurred and visibility is significantly reduced and the air is hefty and causes a burning sensation in the eyes. As every year in November, a thick blanket of smog veils Delhi and its surrounding National Capital Region-NCR of India, which constitute the world’s most polluted megacity. According to a senior pulmonologist and member of the WHO commission on global air pollution and health, patients experiencing breathing problems increase by 30-40 percent every year during October-November. But Delhi’s smog wasn’t always this bad in early winter; it started only about 10-15 years ago. Satellite images show high Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), as soon as farmers start burning paddy straw and stubble (agri-residue) in agricultural fields, and air quality severely deteriorates. The agri-residue smoke from agricultural areas surrounding Delhi, combined with urban pollution from vehicles, industry, and fireworks from the Diwali festival, increase pollutants to the severe category. Smoke from farm fires after harvest contributed about ⁓ 26-50% of the PM2.5 (tiny particles that damage lungs and can worsen cardiac ailments) to Delhi’s air in November 2023. The average resident of this megacity is on track to lose ⁓ 8 years of life expectancy if high pollution levels persist (EPIC, 2023). Authorities in this smog-ridden capital, even imposed emergency school closures of 7 to 15 days in 2016, 2017 and 2023 to mitigate health issues in the population, who flooded emergency wards at hospitals.
{"title":"Is Agri-residue Burning a Menace for Air Quality & Public Health in Delhi, India?","authors":"Jabrinder Singh","doi":"10.20937/atm.53365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53365","url":null,"abstract":"Skies over Delhi become blurred and visibility is significantly reduced and the air is hefty and causes a burning sensation in the eyes. As every year in November, a thick blanket of smog veils Delhi and its surrounding National Capital Region-NCR of India, which constitute the world’s most polluted megacity. According to a senior pulmonologist and member of the WHO commission on global air pollution and health, patients experiencing breathing problems increase by 30-40 percent every year during October-November. But Delhi’s smog wasn’t always this bad in early winter; it started only about 10-15 years ago. Satellite images show high Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), as soon as farmers start burning paddy straw and stubble (agri-residue) in agricultural fields, and air quality severely deteriorates. The agri-residue smoke from agricultural areas surrounding Delhi, combined with urban pollution from vehicles, industry, and fireworks from the Diwali festival, increase pollutants to the severe category. Smoke from farm fires after harvest contributed about ⁓ 26-50% of the PM2.5 (tiny particles that damage lungs and can worsen cardiac ailments) to Delhi’s air in November 2023. The average resident of this megacity is on track to lose ⁓ 8 years of life expectancy if high pollution levels persist (EPIC, 2023). Authorities in this smog-ridden capital, even imposed emergency school closures of 7 to 15 days in 2016, 2017 and 2023 to mitigate health issues in the population, who flooded emergency wards at hospitals.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"140 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aims to examine the current trend of annual precipitation and temperature series referred to the Eastern Mediterranean basin on a national basis, including the annual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies and the connection effect with the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Mediterranean Oscillation indices (NAOI and MOI, respectively). The period under consideration is mainly the last 32 years, from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, the prediction of monthly and yearly temperature and precipitation series, based on the autoregressive integrated moving average model on a national base, for the next four or eight years, is another interesting feature of the present study. Results indicate rising trends in the annual precipitation during 1990-2021, mostly non-significant and significant warming trends in the annual temperature, including sea surface temperature. The NAOI is highly correlated mostly with annual temperature, whereas the MOI does not affect the variation of annual precipitation and temperature. The results of the present study are in general agreement with the results of available studies in the literature, and they could be of high interest to national authorities and environmental unions/organizations, to help decision-makers face climate change.
{"title":"Trend analysis and forecast of annual precipitation and temperature series in the Eastern Mediterranean region","authors":"Vasileios D. Sakalis","doi":"10.20937/atm.53272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53272","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to examine the current trend of annual precipitation and temperature series referred to the Eastern Mediterranean basin on a national basis, including the annual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies and the connection effect with the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Mediterranean Oscillation indices (NAOI and MOI, respectively). The period under consideration is mainly the last 32 years, from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, the prediction of monthly and yearly temperature and precipitation series, based on the autoregressive integrated moving average model on a national base, for the next four or eight years, is another interesting feature of the present study. Results indicate rising trends in the annual precipitation during 1990-2021, mostly non-significant and significant warming trends in the annual temperature, including sea surface temperature. The NAOI is highly correlated mostly with annual temperature, whereas the MOI does not affect the variation of annual precipitation and temperature. The results of the present study are in general agreement with the results of available studies in the literature, and they could be of high interest to national authorities and environmental unions/organizations, to help decision-makers face climate change.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"82 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aims to examine the current trend of annual precipitation and temperature series referred to the Eastern Mediterranean basin on a national basis, including the annual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies and the connection effect with the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Mediterranean Oscillation indices (NAOI and MOI, respectively). The period under consideration is mainly the last 32 years, from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, the prediction of monthly and yearly temperature and precipitation series, based on the autoregressive integrated moving average model on a national base, for the next four or eight years, is another interesting feature of the present study. Results indicate rising trends in the annual precipitation during 1990-2021, mostly non-significant and significant warming trends in the annual temperature, including sea surface temperature. The NAOI is highly correlated mostly with annual temperature, whereas the MOI does not affect the variation of annual precipitation and temperature. The results of the present study are in general agreement with the results of available studies in the literature, and they could be of high interest to national authorities and environmental unions/organizations, to help decision-makers face climate change.
{"title":"Trend analysis and forecast of annual precipitation and temperature series in the Eastern Mediterranean region","authors":"Vasileios D. Sakalis","doi":"10.20937/atm.53272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53272","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to examine the current trend of annual precipitation and temperature series referred to the Eastern Mediterranean basin on a national basis, including the annual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies and the connection effect with the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Mediterranean Oscillation indices (NAOI and MOI, respectively). The period under consideration is mainly the last 32 years, from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, the prediction of monthly and yearly temperature and precipitation series, based on the autoregressive integrated moving average model on a national base, for the next four or eight years, is another interesting feature of the present study. Results indicate rising trends in the annual precipitation during 1990-2021, mostly non-significant and significant warming trends in the annual temperature, including sea surface temperature. The NAOI is highly correlated mostly with annual temperature, whereas the MOI does not affect the variation of annual precipitation and temperature. The results of the present study are in general agreement with the results of available studies in the literature, and they could be of high interest to national authorities and environmental unions/organizations, to help decision-makers face climate change.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"334 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naxieli Santiago-De La Rosa, Cristina Prieto, Ruben Pavia, Oscar Peralta, Harry Alvarez-Ospína, I. Saavedra, Telma Castro, Rocío García, María de la Luz Espinosa, Abraham Ortínez-Álvarez, Gerardo Ruíz-Suárez, A. Martínez-Arroyo
We measured the optical properties of aerosols with two photoacoustic spectrometers operating at 532 and 870 nm wavelengths and sampled PM2.5 to analyze the organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) content. The measuring site was in the southwest corner of Mexico City. We sorted the data by OC/EC ratios and calculated four mass absorption efficiencies (MAEs) for each wavelength with linear regressions. The MAEs ranged from 2.27 to 19.75 and 2.03 to 15.26 m2 g–1 at 532 and 870 nm, respectively, with determination coefficients above 0.88, showing that the amount of OC modifies the absorption properties of particles, sometimes underestimating or overestimating the black carbon concentration. It is possible to choose the MAE based on the daily median O3 concentration when there is no information about the EC and OC composition.
{"title":"Carbonaceous particles and PM2.5 optical properties in Mexico City during the ACU15 campaign","authors":"Naxieli Santiago-De La Rosa, Cristina Prieto, Ruben Pavia, Oscar Peralta, Harry Alvarez-Ospína, I. Saavedra, Telma Castro, Rocío García, María de la Luz Espinosa, Abraham Ortínez-Álvarez, Gerardo Ruíz-Suárez, A. Martínez-Arroyo","doi":"10.20937/atm.53270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53270","url":null,"abstract":"We measured the optical properties of aerosols with two photoacoustic spectrometers operating at 532 and 870 nm wavelengths and sampled PM2.5 to analyze the organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) content. The measuring site was in the southwest corner of Mexico City. We sorted the data by OC/EC ratios and calculated four mass absorption efficiencies (MAEs) for each wavelength with linear regressions. The MAEs ranged from 2.27 to 19.75 and 2.03 to 15.26 m2 g–1 at 532 and 870 nm, respectively, with determination coefficients above 0.88, showing that the amount of OC modifies the absorption properties of particles, sometimes underestimating or overestimating the black carbon concentration. It is possible to choose the MAE based on the daily median O3 concentration when there is no information about the EC and OC composition.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"61 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ricardo Miranda-Jiménez, Osvaldo Vigil-Galán, J. González-Castillo, Á. R. Terán-Cuevas, M. Gutiérrez-Castillo, L. R. Tovar-Gálvez
Mexico’s expansive territory spans diverse climatic conditions, which directly influences the selection of commercial photovoltaic technologies. This study utilizes solar irradiance, temperature, and cloud index data (derived from satellite sources) to generate a suitability map for commercial solar panel technologies through the Analytical Hierarchy Process-Geographical Information Systems methodology. The map illustrates that chalcopyrites and cadmium telluride emerge as the most suitable technologies in 47.12% of the national territory. Following closely behind is amorphous silicon, covering 30.45%, while monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon account for 22.43%. The primary objective of this paper is to guide the proper selection of solar panel technology types that align optimally with Mexico’s climatic conditions. This strategic approach aims to strengthen the planning and viability of photovoltaic solar energy projects nationwide.
{"title":"Solar PV technologies selection for the design of photovoltaic installations in Mexico based on the analysis of meteorological satellite data from the region","authors":"Ricardo Miranda-Jiménez, Osvaldo Vigil-Galán, J. González-Castillo, Á. R. Terán-Cuevas, M. Gutiérrez-Castillo, L. R. Tovar-Gálvez","doi":"10.20937/atm.53282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/atm.53282","url":null,"abstract":"Mexico’s expansive territory spans diverse climatic conditions, which directly influences the selection of commercial photovoltaic technologies. This study utilizes solar irradiance, temperature, and cloud index data (derived from satellite sources) to generate a suitability map for commercial solar panel technologies through the Analytical Hierarchy Process-Geographical Information Systems methodology. The map illustrates that chalcopyrites and cadmium telluride emerge as the most suitable technologies in 47.12% of the national territory. Following closely behind is amorphous silicon, covering 30.45%, while monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon account for 22.43%. The primary objective of this paper is to guide the proper selection of solar panel technology types that align optimally with Mexico’s climatic conditions. This strategic approach aims to strengthen the planning and viability of photovoltaic solar energy projects nationwide.","PeriodicalId":382891,"journal":{"name":"Atmósfera","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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