{"title":"Introduction:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383914,"journal":{"name":"The Idea of Civilization and the Making of the Global Order","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130482292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter explains Elias’s analysis of the inseparability of intra- and inter-societal relations. It highlights his position on the split within civilization – on the widespread belief that the standards of restraint that are widely observed within civilized societies have to be relaxed in struggles with external enemies. Elias nuanced the point by exploring the duality of nation-state normative codes, namely the co-existence of nationalist-Machiavellian standpoints and the conviction that universal and egalitarian principles should be upheld in intra- as well as inter-societal relations. The duality gave rise to the peculiar entanglements of civilized peoples. The chapter builds on Elias’s argument by showing how those themes influenced doctrines of imperialism and conceptions of a civilized international society.
{"title":"The Nation-State, War and Human Equality","authors":"A. Linklater","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.7","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explains Elias’s analysis of the inseparability of intra- and inter-societal relations. It highlights his position on the split within civilization – on the widespread belief that the standards of restraint that are widely observed within civilized societies have to be relaxed in struggles with external enemies. Elias nuanced the point by exploring the duality of nation-state normative codes, namely the co-existence of nationalist-Machiavellian standpoints and the conviction that universal and egalitarian principles should be upheld in intra- as well as inter-societal relations. The duality gave rise to the peculiar entanglements of civilized peoples. The chapter builds on Elias’s argument by showing how those themes influenced doctrines of imperialism and conceptions of a civilized international society.","PeriodicalId":383914,"journal":{"name":"The Idea of Civilization and the Making of the Global Order","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130381805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter develops the thesis that Elias devoted too little attention to colonialism and to civilizing offensives to transform non-European peoples. To extend Elias’s explanation of the civilizing process, it considers discourses of conquest and discovery that shaped civilized self-images. Elias’s focus on the role that manners books played in influencing the dominant standards of propriety can be augmented by investigating the impact of narratives that were centred on colonial encounters. Specific attention is paid to the nineteenth century standard of civilization which was an important bridge between state formation and colonial international society. That legal doctrine embodied distinctions between civilized, semi-civilized and savage peoples that were central to the world-views of the imperial establishment. They were not fixed positions in an unchangeable hierarchy of peoples. They were linked with conceptions of human progress which assumed that societies of lesser worth could be elevated through benign imperial governance. The standard of civilization was fundamental to European attempts to create a global order in their image.
{"title":"The Classical European ‘Standard of Civilization’","authors":"A. Linklater","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb5m.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter develops the thesis that Elias devoted too little attention to colonialism and to civilizing offensives to transform non-European peoples. To extend Elias’s explanation of the civilizing process, it considers discourses of conquest and discovery that shaped civilized self-images. Elias’s focus on the role that manners books played in influencing the dominant standards of propriety can be augmented by investigating the impact of narratives that were centred on colonial encounters. Specific attention is paid to the nineteenth century standard of civilization which was an important bridge between state formation and colonial international society. That legal doctrine embodied distinctions between civilized, semi-civilized and savage peoples that were central to the world-views of the imperial establishment. They were not fixed positions in an unchangeable hierarchy of peoples. They were linked with conceptions of human progress which assumed that societies of lesser worth could be elevated through benign imperial governance. The standard of civilization was fundamental to European attempts to create a global order in their image.","PeriodicalId":383914,"journal":{"name":"The Idea of Civilization and the Making of the Global Order","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122682436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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