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Implications of COVID-19 on textiles industry in India - discovering issues and challenges on demand and supply sides 2019冠状病毒病对印度纺织业的影响——发现需求和供应方面的问题和挑战
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.02
A. Varadaraj, P. MohanRaj, Sengodan Ananth
The unexpected COVID-19 outbreak has threatened the world and derailed the socioeconomic lives of people. In this context, this study is aimed to discuss the implications of COVID19 in textiles sector in India along with major issues and challenges on demand and supply sides. This study determines the impact of crisis which affected demand and supply in textiles and fashion industry. COVID-19 has several implications for this industry, be it from demand or production. Its presence is observed in different aspects of the industry. This study uses secondary data collected from various sources like studies published in peer-reviewed journals. This study focuses on the need to think differently to deal with this unexpected crisis. Relaxation of tax compliance rules and deadlines, especially for small-scale segments is one of the potential solutions, so that the conditions of customer demand are not affected directly. In addition, more comprehensive financial relief package could be announced for textiles sector, considering the export- and labor-intensive processes to stem the adverse effects of pandemic. Rebates on exporters could be the next major step against the remission of taxes or duties on exports. This study was conducted during the COVID-19 crisis. More studies would be needed in post COVID era to generalize the findings. The combative measures and actual impact may be evolutionary and dynamic. The analysis focuses on the “out of the box” thinking to deal with unexpected crisis, but it may have different aspects to be discussed as the crisis unfolds. There is a lack of significant research on the impact of COVID-19 on textile industry in India. This study could be the stepping stone for researchers to study the impact on textiles sector and help policymakers to prepare for unexpected crises in future.
突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情给世界带来了威胁,给人们的社会经济生活带来了影响。在此背景下,本研究旨在讨论covid - 19对印度纺织行业的影响,以及需求和供应方面的主要问题和挑战。本研究确定了危机的影响,影响了纺织品和时尚行业的需求和供应。2019冠状病毒病对这个行业有几个影响,无论是需求还是生产。它的存在体现在行业的不同方面。这项研究使用了从各种来源收集的二手数据,比如发表在同行评审期刊上的研究。这项研究的重点是需要不同的思考,以应对这一意想不到的危机。放松税收合规规则和截止日期,特别是对小规模细分市场是一个潜在的解决方案,使客户需求的条件不受直接影响。此外,考虑到出口和劳动密集型流程,为遏制大流行的不利影响,可以宣布更全面的纺织部门财政救济方案。对出口商的退税可能是反对减免出口税收或关税的下一个主要步骤。这项研究是在COVID-19危机期间进行的。在后冠状病毒时代,需要更多的研究来推广这些发现。战斗措施和实际影响可能是渐进的和动态的。分析的重点是“跳出框框”的思维来处理意外危机,但随着危机的展开,它可能有不同的方面需要讨论。关于新冠肺炎对印度纺织业的影响,目前缺乏重要的研究。本研究可以作为研究人员研究纺织行业影响的垫脚石,帮助决策者为未来的意外危机做好准备。
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引用次数: 0
The role of the primary dealers in the government securities market 一级交易商在政府证券市场中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.05
Olesea Speian
Governments need money for good functioning. Following the COVID – 19 pandemic and the energy crisis, finding sources to cover the budget deficits has become a real challenge. One of the ways of accumulating funds is by issuing government securities through auctions. Thus, countries are continuously concerned about developing the domestic debt market to decrease the dependence on external creditors. The primary dealer system is the most widespread form of cooperation between the issuer and investors. The main goal of the research is to show the influence of the primary dealer system on the development of the government securities market. In order to meet the requirements of the debt manager’s office they have to fulfil certain obligations. Despite the quantitative obligations of the primary dealers, the analysis focuses also on their qualitative aspects. Also, the paper presents a practical experience for selected countries regarding the evaluation of the activity of the primary dealers. The results of this research show a dependence between the development of the domestic government securities market and the methodology for evaluating the activity of the primary dealers.
政府需要资金才能正常运作。在2019冠状病毒病大流行和能源危机之后,寻找弥补预算赤字的来源已成为一项真正的挑战。积累资金的方法之一是通过拍卖发行政府证券。因此,各国不断关注发展国内债务市场,以减少对外部债权人的依赖。一级交易商制度是发行者和投资者之间最广泛的合作形式。本研究的主要目的是显示一级交易商制度对政府证券市场发展的影响。为了满足债务管理人办公室的要求,他们必须履行某些义务。尽管一级交易商有数量上的义务,但分析也侧重于它们的质量方面。此外,本文还为选定的国家提供了评价一级交易商活动的实践经验。研究结果显示,国内政府证券市场的发展与评估一级交易商活动的方法之间存在依赖关系。
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引用次数: 0
Foreign economic cooperation and development of the Republic of Korea through the conclusion of free trade agreements 通过缔结自由贸易协定促进大韩民国对外经济合作和发展
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.08
Dok Hee Oh, Kyung Sook Gil
The article discusses changes in the foreign economic policy of the Republic of Korea in connection with the deterioration of international trade at the beginning of the XXI century. The direct motive for changing the foreign economic policy of the Republic of Korea is the decline in the role of the WTO as a multilateral trading partner. On the other hand, FTA, based on economic cooperation between the two countries, is becoming a new model for economic development and cooperation in the XXI century. Bilateral negotiations are more likely to end than multilateral ones, because they are actively conducted in accordance with the interests of two countries. Therefore, free trade agreements (FTAs) are becoming the main direction of the economic policy of the Korea’s government to adapt foreign economic policy and overcome the negative trend of global economic development. An FTA has various economic effects, such as the development of trade between two countries, improving the efficiency of resource allocation, reviving investment between two countries and stimulating economic growth. In accordance with this situation, the Republic of Korea justifies the relevance of trade and economic cooperation between two countries through the conclusion of an FTA as a means of implementing an active foreign economic policy. The Republic of Korea has become an opportunity to introduce an advanced economic structure through the signing of free trade agreements with advanced countries. On the other hand, it served as an opportunity to strengthen economic cooperation through the signing of free trade agreements with developing countries. For this reason, the experience of the foreign economic policy of the Republic of Korea can serve as a good example for the economic development of developing countries.
本文讨论了二十一世纪初韩国对外经济政策的变化与国际贸易恶化的关系。改变大韩民国对外经济政策的直接动机是世界贸易组织作为多边贸易伙伴的作用下降。另一方面,以两国经济合作为基础的自由贸易协定正在成为21世纪经济发展与合作的新模式。双边谈判比多边谈判更容易结束,因为它们是根据两国的利益积极进行的。因此,自由贸易协定(fta)正在成为韩国政府经济政策的主要方向,以适应对外经济政策,克服世界经济发展的消极趋势。自由贸易协定具有多种经济效应,如发展两国之间的贸易,提高资源配置效率,恢复两国之间的投资,刺激经济增长。根据这种情况,大韩民国认为,通过缔结自由贸易协定作为执行积极的对外经济政策的手段,两国之间的贸易和经济合作是有意义的。韩国通过与先进国家签订自由贸易协定(fta),成为引进先进经济结构的契机。另一方面,通过与发展中国家签订自由贸易协定,加强了经济合作。因此,大韩民国对外经济政策的经验可以作为发展中国家经济发展的一个很好的范例。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in the development of the audit services market in the Republic of Moldova 摩尔多瓦共和国审计服务市场发展趋势
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.06
Ludmila Lapiţkaia
The development of the audit services market is an indicator of the development of the economy of any country. Since, on the one hand, audit firms as economic agents conduct their business and various changes in such an environment appropriately affect the financial performance of such firms. On the other hand, audit firms express their opinion on the financial statements of various audited enterprises and the types of such opinions can reveal a picture of the state and disclosure of financial information of enterprises. It should be noted that in the Republic of Moldova, the audit market has both common features related to the world market of audit services, and there are national peculiarities. Conducting a study of the audit services market, the author analyzed various indicators of audit firms of the Republic of Moldova, both financial and non-financial, as a result of which conclusions were drawn about the peculiarities of the development of the audit services market in the Republic of Moldova аnd the prospects for the development of this market in the future.
审计服务市场的发展是衡量一个国家经济发展的一个指标。因为,一方面,审计事务所作为经济主体开展业务,这种环境中的各种变化适当地影响了这些事务所的财务绩效。另一方面,审计事务所对被审计企业的财务报表发表意见,这些意见的类型可以反映企业财务信息的状况和披露情况。应当指出的是,摩尔多瓦共和国的审计市场既有与世界审计服务市场有关的共同特点,又有本国的特点。通过对审计服务市场的研究,作者分析了摩尔多瓦共和国审计公司的各种指标,包括财务和非财务指标,从而得出了摩尔多瓦共和国审计服务市场发展的特点以及未来该市场发展的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Presence and role of mercenaries on the battlefield, including the participation of Moldovan mercenaries in the war in Ukraine 雇佣军在战场上的存在和作用,包括摩尔多瓦雇佣军在乌克兰战争中的参与
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.10
Igor Soroceanu
People are different in their way of being. Some differ according to their origin, race, spoken language, nationality, and other criteria, and others differ according to their ambitions, that is, according to their wishes and visions of the future. Some wishes or visions of the future can be obtained in a short way, but others are more difficult to obtain. Thus, in order to achieve their visions and goals, some people resort to military attacks, which turn into a battlefield. These struggles are carried out in serious violation of all the values of human society. A regrettable part of these fights is the participation of mercenaries in these illegal activities. Therefore, in the present scientific approach, we propose to analyze the participation role of mercenaries on the battlefield.
人们的存在方式各不相同。有些人根据他们的出身、种族、语言、国籍和其他标准而不同,有些人根据他们的抱负而不同,也就是说,根据他们对未来的愿望和愿景而不同。有些愿望或对未来的憧憬可以在短时间内实现,而另一些则很难实现。因此,为了实现他们的愿景和目标,一些人采取军事攻击,这变成了战场。这些斗争是在严重违反人类社会所有价值观念的情况下进行的。在这些战斗中,令人遗憾的是雇佣军参与了这些非法活动。因此,我们建议用科学的方法来分析雇佣兵在战场上的参与作用。
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引用次数: 0
Dealing with the economic and psychological consequences of war: experience economy in local communities 处理战争的经济和心理后果:体验当地社区的经济
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.09
Tetyana Nikolaychuk
Protected areas and other natural territories are very important part of the Ukrainian economy. Due to the numerous possibilities of protected areas, it can occupy a significant part of the post-war reconstruction's destinations.The methodological approaches of protected areas development are considered as tools of economic and innovative regional development and expansion of investment flows. The post-war market of Ukraine depends on the the recovery level of the country's population, because the innovative forms of economic activity launching presupposes the existence of a healthy society ready of reforms and changes.Taking into account given the above, it is actualized the necessity to find out the essence and role of the facilities of nature reserve fund in the system of balanced economically efficient use of nature, their place in the financial and market infrastructures, the definition of the investment potential of reserve areas. The investigation of the market without inter-study differences was conducted by a quantitative literature review (a meta-analysis). Forming indicators of the most vulnerable society groups were analyzed by the systematization method. The main vectors of innovative growth in the EU countries and the adapting possibility of these tools to the Ukrainian economy were formed by the comparative method. As a result of research, the author analyzed economic, organizational, environmental and social principles protected areas increasing, it is established is considered the protected areas as a code of multitask development and economic stimulation to coperate with business entities.
保护区和其他自然领土是乌克兰经济的重要组成部分。由于保护区的可能性众多,它可以占据战后重建目的地的重要部分。保护区发展的方法方法被认为是经济和创新区域发展和扩大投资流动的工具。乌克兰的战后市场取决于该国人口的恢复水平,因为开展创新形式的经济活动的先决条件是存在一个随时准备进行改革和变革的健康社会。有鉴于此,有必要明确自然保护区基金设施在均衡经济高效利用自然体系中的本质和作用,在金融和市场基础设施中的地位,以及保护区投资潜力的界定。对没有研究间差异的市场进行调查,采用定量文献综述(meta分析)。采用系统化方法对最弱势社会群体形成指标进行分析。通过比较方法形成了欧盟国家创新增长的主要载体以及这些工具对乌克兰经济的适应可能性。通过研究,作者分析了保护区增加的经济、组织、环境和社会原则,建立了将保护区视为多任务开发和经济刺激与商业实体合作的代码。
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引用次数: 0
The relation between innovative policy instruments and SMEs resilience: conceptual analysis 创新政策工具与中小企业弹性关系:概念分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.04
Adil Msady, Mohsine Ait Cheikh, Adam Chati, Zakaria Ez-Zarzari
In recent years, we have been witnessing a succession of economic, financial and health crises on a global scale, the most recent being the 2020 COVID-19 health crisis. Monetary and macroprudential stability policies have been implemented in order to address the harmful effects of these crises on both capital markets and the real economy. In addition, central banks have innovated and mobilized the arsenal of instruments at their disposal for the implementation of new “so-called unconventional” monetary policies in order to influence the economic and financial behavior of private agents and strengthen resilience of SMEs. The aim of the paper is to study the efficiency of traditional monetary measures and emphasize the role of innovative tools in driving the economic growth. various “unconventional” monetary policy measures put in place by the monetary authorities to stimulate economic growth, absorb health and financial shocks and strengthen the resilience of SMEs are analyzed.
近年来,我们在全球范围内目睹了一系列经济、金融和卫生危机,最近一次是2020年COVID-19卫生危机。为了解决这些危机对资本市场和实体经济的有害影响,已经实施了货币和宏观审慎稳定政策。此外,中央银行革新和调动了它们所掌握的各种工具,以执行新的"所谓非常规"货币政策,以影响私人代理人的经济和金融行为,并加强中小企业的复原力。本文的目的是研究传统货币措施的效率,强调创新工具在推动经济增长中的作用。分析了货币当局为刺激经济增长、吸收健康和金融冲击以及加强中小企业抵御能力而采取的各种"非常规"货币政策措施。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging trends in business and management consulting 商业和管理咨询的新趋势
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.03
Mariana Radov
The article highlights the importance of business and management consulting field and its current trends, especially in the context of pandemic and worldwide changes. The author highlights the role of consulting in accelerating best practices in collaboration, flexibility, inclusion, and accountability to its clients in order to create a better future for all, and also includes a statistical analysis of the development of consulting on a global and European scale, outlining the most important indicators according to the nature of the services rendered, the locations of the clients, and the types of client’s industries. The author argues that the trends show that consulting is becoming an increasingly important component of the business environment, and that the emergence of new economic sectors and professions will condition the need to develop new capacities and apply new managerial knowledge and tools, which will stimulate the growth of both consulting and related fields. The article provides data on the development of the consulting in the Republic of Moldova, including the difficulties faced by the companies. Author believes there is "room for growth" in the national consulting despite the fact that it is a young market marked by the challenges facing society and influenced by the small size of the national economy. The author believes that the future of it will be profoundly influenced by remote work and digitization, service export, collaboration, and improved quality.
本文强调了商业和管理咨询领域的重要性及其当前趋势,特别是在流行病和全球变化的背景下。作者强调了咨询在加速协作、灵活性、包容性和对客户负责的最佳实践方面的作用,以便为所有人创造更美好的未来,还包括对全球和欧洲范围内咨询发展的统计分析,根据所提供服务的性质、客户的位置和客户的行业类型概述了最重要的指标。作者认为,这些趋势表明,咨询正在成为商业环境中越来越重要的组成部分,新的经济部门和职业的出现将限制开发新能力和应用新的管理知识和工具的需求,这将刺激咨询和相关领域的增长。文章提供了摩尔多瓦共和国咨询业发展的数据,包括公司面临的困难。作者认为,尽管国家咨询是一个年轻的市场,社会面临着挑战,受国民经济规模较小的影响,但它仍有“增长空间”。作者认为,远程工作和数字化、服务输出、协作和质量提高将对其未来产生深刻影响。
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引用次数: 0
Gravity model approach for exports analysis of Republic of Moldova between 2010 and 2021 2010年至2021年摩尔多瓦共和国出口分析的重力模型方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.11
Xenia Migova
This paper explores the effects of determinants of bilateral trade on export flows of Republic of Moldova during last decade in the framework of gravity model. Being a structural model with solid theoretical foundations it proves that markets are linked and changes in one partner country can cause changes in trade performance of another partner country. The variables include trade partner’s GDP, economic distance, and Association Agreement membership. Specifically, the model relies on a fixed effect panel estimation for explaining the export flows of the Republic of Moldova. In order to check the viability of the gravity equation, there are executed statistical tests. Based on the analysis, there are provided policy recommendations for trade policy.
本文在引力模型的框架下,探讨了近十年双边贸易决定因素对摩尔多瓦共和国出口流动的影响。作为一个具有坚实理论基础的结构模型,它证明了市场是相互联系的,一个伙伴国的变化会引起另一个伙伴国贸易绩效的变化。变量包括贸易伙伴的GDP、经济距离和联盟协议成员。具体来说,该模型依赖于固定效应面板估计来解释摩尔多瓦共和国的出口流量。为了检验重力方程的可行性,进行了统计检验。在此基础上,提出了贸易政策的政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
Models of interaction between the state of origin and the diaspora 原籍国和散居国之间相互作用的模型
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.53486/2537-6179.8-2.01
Cristina Chirvas
The impact of the diaspora on the development of the state of origin is a topic that appeared relatively recently in the areas of interest and on the public agendas of the states. Currently, throughout the world, the diaspora represents an active force, involved in almost all areas of activity of a society, which tends to develop and maintain multilateral ties with political, social and cultural institutions in the country of origin or destination. Since the 1990s, more and more states have launched various initiatives at the governmental level in order to attract the development potential of the diaspora. However, often factors such as the availability of institutional means, available time, the needs, desires and capacities of diaspora members to engage in such activities, reduce the panoply of viable options regarding the state's implementation of diaspora-related development objectives. The given article aims to summarize the ways of interaction of the states of origin with the diasporas, to identify the opportunities and challenges of the various policies implemented in the field of the diaspora and to structure examples of good practices applied at the international and national level.
侨民对原籍国发展的影响是最近出现在各国利益领域和公共议程上的一个话题。目前,在全世界,散居侨民是一股积极的力量,参与一个社会活动的几乎所有领域,往往与原籍国或目的地国的政治、社会和文化机构发展和维持多边关系。自20世纪90年代以来,越来越多的国家在政府层面推出了各种举措,以吸引侨民的发展潜力。然而,诸如机构手段的可用性、可用时间、散居侨民成员参与此类活动的需求、愿望和能力等因素,往往会减少国家实施与散居侨民有关的发展目标的可行选择。给定的文章旨在总结原籍国与散居者的互动方式,确定在散居者领域实施的各种政策的机遇和挑战,并构建在国际和国家层面应用的良好做法的例子。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Eastern European Journal for Regional Studies
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