Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.19
Afrah Talib Abdullah, Adnan B. Al-Hawash
Objectives: The aim of this study was to isolation and identify the isolated genetically if candida species from candidiasis infection and study the activity of bioactive compounds. Methods: Samples were obtained from 28 patients from the mouth of patients with oral candidiasis. Samples were collected from the Child Specialized Hospital, Al-Faiha General Hospital Dermatologist Dr. Laith Globe Lazim Al-Kinani (Master of Dermatology, PhD in Dermatology, Iraqi Ministry of Health, Al-Fayhaa Teaching Hospital) aided in the diagnosis of clinical cases and molecular analysis then tested the activity of the mint plant extract on it and compared it with the antifungal nystatin. Results: Mint leaf extract showed activity against Candida isolates. The extract was non-toxic, and C. albicans was the most common Candida. Conclusions: The methanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum in this study showed good inhibition activity against the isolated Candida species.
{"title":"Evaluation Study of Petroselinum Crispum Extract Toward Pathogenic Isolates of candida","authors":"Afrah Talib Abdullah, Adnan B. Al-Hawash","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to isolation and identify the isolated genetically if candida species from candidiasis infection and study the activity of bioactive compounds. Methods: Samples were obtained from 28 patients from the mouth of patients with oral candidiasis. Samples were collected from the Child Specialized Hospital, Al-Faiha General Hospital Dermatologist Dr. Laith Globe Lazim Al-Kinani (Master of Dermatology, PhD in Dermatology, Iraqi Ministry of Health, Al-Fayhaa Teaching Hospital) aided in the diagnosis of clinical cases and molecular analysis then tested the activity of the mint plant extract on it and compared it with the antifungal nystatin. Results: Mint leaf extract showed activity against Candida isolates. The extract was non-toxic, and C. albicans was the most common Candida. Conclusions: The methanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum in this study showed good inhibition activity against the isolated Candida species.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aqeel A. Qraidi, Aqeel Alyousuf, Muslim Ashor Al-etby
Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate intensity of infestation and annual distribution of termite community in palm orchards in southern governorates of Iraq (Basra and Maysan) to develop appropriate integrated management programs to control termite (Microcerotermis diversus Selvestry) in palm groves. Methods: A field survey was conducted for a whole year(October 2022- September 2023) to evaluate termite community, also relationship between intensity of termite infestation with some palm varieties was studied, and a correlation was made with some important contents for termite vitality in tissues of the frond bases such as Proteins, carbohydrates, phenols, and lignin were estimated to determine which varieties are more tolerant to termite infestation and the most sensitive. Results: Survey showed that palm varieties Khadrawi and Shakkar most susceptible to invasion, with rates of 52.19 and 48.4 termites/frond base, respectively. As for the Barhi and Al-Maktoum cultivars, they had lowest percentage of termite infestation, with 0 and 10.0 termites/frond base, respectively. Conclusions: Termite (Microcerotermis diversus Selvestry) prefers to invade some palm varieties that have a suitable content of carbohydrates and proteins (Khadrawi and Shakkar), especially in the moderate and cold months of the year. Termite community decrease in hot months of the year; therefore we recommend carrying out integrated termite management operations at the beginning of October and November in palm groves in arid and semi-arid areas similar to the areas of southern Iraq.
{"title":"Severity of Termites (Microcerotermes diversus Silvestri) Infestation on Date Palms","authors":"Aqeel A. Qraidi, Aqeel Alyousuf, Muslim Ashor Al-etby","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate intensity of infestation and annual distribution of termite community in palm orchards in southern governorates of Iraq (Basra and Maysan) to develop appropriate integrated management programs to control termite (Microcerotermis diversus Selvestry) in palm groves. Methods: A field survey was conducted for a whole year(October 2022- September 2023) to evaluate termite community, also relationship between intensity of termite infestation with some palm varieties was studied, and a correlation was made with some important contents for termite vitality in tissues of the frond bases such as Proteins, carbohydrates, phenols, and lignin were estimated to determine which varieties are more tolerant to termite infestation and the most sensitive. Results: Survey showed that palm varieties Khadrawi and Shakkar most susceptible to invasion, with rates of 52.19 and 48.4 termites/frond base, respectively. As for the Barhi and Al-Maktoum cultivars, they had lowest percentage of termite infestation, with 0 and 10.0 termites/frond base, respectively. Conclusions: Termite (Microcerotermis diversus Selvestry) prefers to invade some palm varieties that have a suitable content of carbohydrates and proteins (Khadrawi and Shakkar), especially in the moderate and cold months of the year. Termite community decrease in hot months of the year; therefore we recommend carrying out integrated termite management operations at the beginning of October and November in palm groves in arid and semi-arid areas similar to the areas of southern Iraq.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Samad A. Abdullah, Hassan A. Faisal, Khairullah M. Awad
Objective: The study aimed to explore the effects of different planting medium on the growth of date palm Hillawi cv. offshoots. Methods: The experiment included two main factors: the first factor was planting media, consisting of three treatments: field soil, zeolite + field soil (in a 2:1 ratio), and zeolite + sand (in a 2:1 ratio). The second factor was cultivation method, comprising three methods: traditional planting, container planting (using pots), and planting in lined holes with a layer of agricultural polyethylene (nylon). Results: Planting medium significantly influenced the growth of the offshoots. Specifically, planting media with zeolite and sand exhibited significant improvements in leaf length, dry matter content, leaf area, root count, root length, and diameter compared to the control group. Conversely, the zeolite-field soil combination exhibited a marked increase in moisture content. Additionally, electrical conductivity (EC) within the planting media was notably higher in the control condition featuring only field soil. The study also found that the chosen cultivation method significantly influenced the growth of the offshoots. The lined holes method displayed significant advantages in leaf length, dry matter content, leaf area, root count, root length, root diameter, and moisture content within the planting media, compared to the traditional approach. Conversely, the traditional method resulted in higher EC within the planting media. Conclusions: The study reveals significant effects of cultivation medium, method, and their interaction on various growth parameters of date palm offshoots. This study recommends the lined-hole planting method and zeolite-infused medium for enhanced offshoot growth.
{"title":"Effect of Planting Media and Cultivation Method in the Offshoots Growth of Date Palm Phoenix Dactylifera L. Hillawi cv.","authors":"Abdul Samad A. Abdullah, Hassan A. Faisal, Khairullah M. Awad","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study aimed to explore the effects of different planting medium on the growth of date palm Hillawi cv. offshoots. Methods: The experiment included two main factors: the first factor was planting media, consisting of three treatments: field soil, zeolite + field soil (in a 2:1 ratio), and zeolite + sand (in a 2:1 ratio). The second factor was cultivation method, comprising three methods: traditional planting, container planting (using pots), and planting in lined holes with a layer of agricultural polyethylene (nylon). Results: Planting medium significantly influenced the growth of the offshoots. Specifically, planting media with zeolite and sand exhibited significant improvements in leaf length, dry matter content, leaf area, root count, root length, and diameter compared to the control group. Conversely, the zeolite-field soil combination exhibited a marked increase in moisture content. Additionally, electrical conductivity (EC) within the planting media was notably higher in the control condition featuring only field soil. The study also found that the chosen cultivation method significantly influenced the growth of the offshoots. The lined holes method displayed significant advantages in leaf length, dry matter content, leaf area, root count, root length, root diameter, and moisture content within the planting media, compared to the traditional approach. Conversely, the traditional method resulted in higher EC within the planting media. Conclusions: The study reveals significant effects of cultivation medium, method, and their interaction on various growth parameters of date palm offshoots. This study recommends the lined-hole planting method and zeolite-infused medium for enhanced offshoot growth.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: A study of the antioxidizing and inhibiting effects of the sage salvia officinalis on microorganisms. Methods: Chemical constituents of sage leaves the percentage of the 98% ethanol extract of sage was 5.8% prepared in concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/ml, Antioxidizing and inhibiting effects on microorganisms, and sensory characteristics of the sage added biscuits. Results: Scanning electron microscope images, the structure of powder sage leaves which appear as long tubes and round crystals, Hight percent concentration of minerals carbon and oxygen while low concentrations of (Zn, Al, Na, Mg, Si, K, Co, Ca, and Ce) were also found. the percentage of the moisture, protein, fat and ash (11.09, 6.89, 13.14, 9.64) % respectively, the inhibition effect of sage leaves ethanol extract prepared in concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/ml on three bacteria and fungi species of disc method. maximum effect on all three bacteria species Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. was found with the concentration 50 and 100 mg/ml. compared with 150 and 200 mg/ml. It has been found that the 150 mg/ml concentration has the most inhibition effect on the three species of fungi studied Aspergillus niger, A. carbonarius, A. flavus. All extract concentration inhibited A. flavus, it was that the antioxidant activity, iron ion bonding, reducing power and the ability capture the hydrogen peroxide of sage ethanol extract increases with high concentrations. Peroxide values decreased with increased sage added biscuits percentage (0, 0.5, 0,75 and 1) w/w% in stored for periods. However, the sensory characteristics of the sage added biscuits samples were good and close to the standard biscuit control. Conclusions: Finally, we conclude that the sage plant has medicinal and nutritional benefits due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"A Study of the Antioxidizing and Inhibiting Effects of the Alcoholic Extract of Sage Salvia Officinalis on Microorganisms","authors":"Nawal K Z AlFadhly","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A study of the antioxidizing and inhibiting effects of the sage salvia officinalis on microorganisms. Methods: Chemical constituents of sage leaves the percentage of the 98% ethanol extract of sage was 5.8% prepared in concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/ml, Antioxidizing and inhibiting effects on microorganisms, and sensory characteristics of the sage added biscuits. Results: Scanning electron microscope images, the structure of powder sage leaves which appear as long tubes and round crystals, Hight percent concentration of minerals carbon and oxygen while low concentrations of (Zn, Al, Na, Mg, Si, K, Co, Ca, and Ce) were also found. the percentage of the moisture, protein, fat and ash (11.09, 6.89, 13.14, 9.64) % respectively, the inhibition effect of sage leaves ethanol extract prepared in concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/ml on three bacteria and fungi species of disc method. maximum effect on all three bacteria species Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. was found with the concentration 50 and 100 mg/ml. compared with 150 and 200 mg/ml. It has been found that the 150 mg/ml concentration has the most inhibition effect on the three species of fungi studied Aspergillus niger, A. carbonarius, A. flavus. All extract concentration inhibited A. flavus, it was that the antioxidant activity, iron ion bonding, reducing power and the ability capture the hydrogen peroxide of sage ethanol extract increases with high concentrations. Peroxide values decreased with increased sage added biscuits percentage (0, 0.5, 0,75 and 1) w/w% in stored for periods. However, the sensory characteristics of the sage added biscuits samples were good and close to the standard biscuit control. Conclusions: Finally, we conclude that the sage plant has medicinal and nutritional benefits due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.12
Saja Hassan Abd Al-Kadhim, Jabbar Abadi Mohammed
Objectives: The purpose of the research was to see how a nano-extract (zinc oxide) of oleander leaves affected the histological structure of the liver in male laboratory mice aged (7-8) weeks and weighing (28-35 g). Methods: They were split up into three groups, with ten mice in each. The control group made the first group. The second group was treated with an oleander leaf nano-extract at a concentration of (20 mg/kg). The group that was administered a 30 mg/kg dosage of oleander leaf nano-extract is the third group. For 30 to 45 days on a daily basis, a (30 mg/kg) concentration of the oleander leaf nano-extract was used. Half of the rodents were sacrificed at the end of the initial thirty days, and histological sections of the liver were obtained. Results: Histological sections of the liver were obtained from the residual half, which was sacrificed after 45 days when the experiment ended. Animals injected with a Nano-extract of oleander leaves at a dose of (20 mg/kg) for 40 days had aberrant liver structure, cells, and histological abnormalities. Animals that received a 45-day injection of a (30 mg/kg) dosage of oleander leaf nano-extract also had pathological alterations and aberrant liver and central vein cell morphology. Conclusions: The results showed the toxic effects of the Nano-extract of the oleander plant and the xistence of histological alterations in the histological structure of the liver in groups treated with varying amounts of oleander leaf nano-extract.
{"title":"Studying the Effect of nano-extract of Nerium Oleander Leaves on the Histological Structure of the Liver in Male Laboratory Mice","authors":"Saja Hassan Abd Al-Kadhim, Jabbar Abadi Mohammed","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of the research was to see how a nano-extract (zinc oxide) of oleander leaves affected the histological structure of the liver in male laboratory mice aged (7-8) weeks and weighing (28-35 g). Methods: They were split up into three groups, with ten mice in each. The control group made the first group. The second group was treated with an oleander leaf nano-extract at a concentration of (20 mg/kg). The group that was administered a 30 mg/kg dosage of oleander leaf nano-extract is the third group. For 30 to 45 days on a daily basis, a (30 mg/kg) concentration of the oleander leaf nano-extract was used. Half of the rodents were sacrificed at the end of the initial thirty days, and histological sections of the liver were obtained. Results: Histological sections of the liver were obtained from the residual half, which was sacrificed after 45 days when the experiment ended. Animals injected with a Nano-extract of oleander leaves at a dose of (20 mg/kg) for 40 days had aberrant liver structure, cells, and histological abnormalities. Animals that received a 45-day injection of a (30 mg/kg) dosage of oleander leaf nano-extract also had pathological alterations and aberrant liver and central vein cell morphology. Conclusions: The results showed the toxic effects of the Nano-extract of the oleander plant and the xistence of histological alterations in the histological structure of the liver in groups treated with varying amounts of oleander leaf nano-extract.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.18
Mustafa Abd Almajeed, Nawal Khalil Ibrahim, Ismail Jamaa Abass, Awatif R. AlDailme
Objective: Although human blood consists of the same basic parts (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma), there are a large variety of blood groups and types, each with its own different characteristics. The aim of this study to search the correlation between different types of blood groups and increase risk factor for type 2 diabetic mellitus disease. Methods: Blood is made up of several components, and all of these can be utilized to management a lot of different illness. What makes a blood type different is the combination of protein molecules called antigens and antibodies. A person's blood type is also considered to be inherited from the parents' genes. Diabetic mellitus type 2 is related with a type of a chronic illness that effect the trend of the cells in the body for receive glucose or the amount of insulin which synthesize in the pancreas, thus leads to an abnormal decrease or increase in the scale of glucose in the blood. Results: Blood type O had a low risk of diabetes for women with type A, and same for women with type A. Group AB, and low persent of type B, compared with blood group O, have poor chances of developing diabetes. Conclusions: The effect of blood types should be investigated in future clinical and epidemiological studies on diabetes, also there is a need for more research on the pathophysiological mechanism to explain why diabetes has people of group O have a low risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
目的：虽然人体血液由相同的基本部分（红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血浆）组成，但血型和血型种类繁多，各有不同的特点。本研究旨在探讨不同血型与增加 2 型糖尿病患病风险因素之间的相关性。研究方法血液由多种成分组成，所有这些成分都可用于治疗多种疾病。血型的不同之处在于被称为抗原和抗体的蛋白质分子的组合。一个人的血型也被认为是遗传自父母的基因。2 型糖尿病与一种慢性疾病有关，这种疾病会影响体内细胞接收葡萄糖的趋势或胰腺合成的胰岛素量，从而导致血液中葡萄糖的异常减少或增加。结果与 O 型血相比，AB 型血和 B 型血患糖尿病的几率较低。结论在今后有关糖尿病的临床和流行病学研究中，应调查血型的影响，还需要对病理生理机制进行更多的研究，以解释为什么 O 型血的人患 2 型糖尿病的风险较低。
{"title":"The Relationship of Blood Groups and an Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (A Subject Review)","authors":"Mustafa Abd Almajeed, Nawal Khalil Ibrahim, Ismail Jamaa Abass, Awatif R. AlDailme","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although human blood consists of the same basic parts (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma), there are a large variety of blood groups and types, each with its own different characteristics. The aim of this study to search the correlation between different types of blood groups and increase risk factor for type 2 diabetic mellitus disease. Methods: Blood is made up of several components, and all of these can be utilized to management a lot of different illness. What makes a blood type different is the combination of protein molecules called antigens and antibodies. A person's blood type is also considered to be inherited from the parents' genes. Diabetic mellitus type 2 is related with a type of a chronic illness that effect the trend of the cells in the body for receive glucose or the amount of insulin which synthesize in the pancreas, thus leads to an abnormal decrease or increase in the scale of glucose in the blood. Results: Blood type O had a low risk of diabetes for women with type A, and same for women with type A. Group AB, and low persent of type B, compared with blood group O, have poor chances of developing diabetes. Conclusions: The effect of blood types should be investigated in future clinical and epidemiological studies on diabetes, also there is a need for more research on the pathophysiological mechanism to explain why diabetes has people of group O have a low risk of developing type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Isolation Aspergillus tamarii, Cladosporium herbarum, and Verticillium lecanii fungi from naturally infected Culex pipiens and Anopheles stephensi insects were morphologically and molecularly identified. Methods: In this study, populations of mosquitoes were cultured and examined to determine fungal infection and evaluated as potential agents against C. pipiens and A. stephensi. Results: A variety of fungal isolates demonstrated differing degrees of pathogenicity 24 hours after treatment against C. pipiens and A. stephensi eggs, four-instar mosquito larvae, and adults. and as a biological control, it was found that the fungal suspension of each of the used fungi affected the life roles of the two mosquitoes. as it was more than the fungus suspension A. tamarii, Cl. herbarum on V. lecanii. The highest percentage of eggs mortality were (36.72, 48.97) %, (29.14, 42.25) %, and (24.45, 35.70) % of C. pipiens and A. stephensi when using the highest concentration of 1*105 spore/ml, 3*105 spore/ml and 2*105 spore/ml of fungicide A. tamarii, C. herbarum, V.lecanii and respectively after 24 hours. The highest mortality rate was for the fourth larval stages, and the mosquito A. stephensi is more sensitive to type C. pipiens infection., as, in order (75.6, 67.19, 56.8) %, (74.18, 59.81, 50) %, and (65, 52,42.71) %. Conclusions: Results highlight the significance of a mosquito's natural fungal opponent. All isolates had an impact on adults and larvae, although they were less successful against eggs. Both have the potential to develop, particularly against the larvae of the primary arbovirus, malaria, and lymphatic filariasis vectors, A. stephensi, and C. pipiens.
{"title":"Evaluating Mosquito Biocontrol Effectiveness by Isolating and Characterizing Some Fungi Against Culex Pipiens and Anopheles Stephensi in Sothern Part of Iraq","authors":"Z. Azeez, Majida M. Abid Falhy","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Isolation Aspergillus tamarii, Cladosporium herbarum, and Verticillium lecanii fungi from naturally infected Culex pipiens and Anopheles stephensi insects were morphologically and molecularly identified. Methods: In this study, populations of mosquitoes were cultured and examined to determine fungal infection and evaluated as potential agents against C. pipiens and A. stephensi. Results: A variety of fungal isolates demonstrated differing degrees of pathogenicity 24 hours after treatment against C. pipiens and A. stephensi eggs, four-instar mosquito larvae, and adults. and as a biological control, it was found that the fungal suspension of each of the used fungi affected the life roles of the two mosquitoes. as it was more than the fungus suspension A. tamarii, Cl. herbarum on V. lecanii. The highest percentage of eggs mortality were (36.72, 48.97) %, (29.14, 42.25) %, and (24.45, 35.70) % of C. pipiens and A. stephensi when using the highest concentration of 1*105 spore/ml, 3*105 spore/ml and 2*105 spore/ml of fungicide A. tamarii, C. herbarum, V.lecanii and respectively after 24 hours. The highest mortality rate was for the fourth larval stages, and the mosquito A. stephensi is more sensitive to type C. pipiens infection., as, in order (75.6, 67.19, 56.8) %, (74.18, 59.81, 50) %, and (65, 52,42.71) %. Conclusions: Results highlight the significance of a mosquito's natural fungal opponent. All isolates had an impact on adults and larvae, although they were less successful against eggs. Both have the potential to develop, particularly against the larvae of the primary arbovirus, malaria, and lymphatic filariasis vectors, A. stephensi, and C. pipiens.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The beetle family Buprestidae (jewel beetles) includes about 15,000 species and has a number Worldwide distribution. Julodis speculifer is one of these species, for the first time Recorded in south Basrah province. Methods: Collected specimens were from March 2022 to November 2022, AL-Zubair region, The main characters adopted: compound eyes, carving face, antennal cavities, flagellum, scape, pronotum, scutellum, elytra, membrane wing, abdomen, and male genitalia. Results: Body adult beetles Large sized, elongated, oval in shape, resembling a boat, slightly convex at the dorsal, brown to shiny copper, with white spots in the form of parallel lines on all parts of the dorsal surface body, all parts of the body are covered with a light white fluff. The male is smaller in size than the female. Conclusions: They were diagnosed did not have traits that differed from the species recorded in Kuwait, but different subspecies in Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Bionomy Description of Julodis speculifer Laporte, 1835 in South Iraq","authors":"Muslim Ashor Al-etby","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The beetle family Buprestidae (jewel beetles) includes about 15,000 species and has a number Worldwide distribution. Julodis speculifer is one of these species, for the first time Recorded in south Basrah province. Methods: Collected specimens were from March 2022 to November 2022, AL-Zubair region, The main characters adopted: compound eyes, carving face, antennal cavities, flagellum, scape, pronotum, scutellum, elytra, membrane wing, abdomen, and male genitalia. Results: Body adult beetles Large sized, elongated, oval in shape, resembling a boat, slightly convex at the dorsal, brown to shiny copper, with white spots in the form of parallel lines on all parts of the dorsal surface body, all parts of the body are covered with a light white fluff. The male is smaller in size than the female. Conclusions: They were diagnosed did not have traits that differed from the species recorded in Kuwait, but different subspecies in Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: An experiment was conducted under plastic shades set up for this purpose in the Mashroo Almussaib area (45 km north of Babil Province) to improve vegetative growth indicators for chrysanthemum plants Minngopher cultivar with red flowers. Methods: Use 3 factors in the experiment include the first factor different percentages of visible light blocking (50 and 75) %, The second factor treating plants with three Irrigation Intervals (daily, every 24 hours, and every 48 hours) as for the third factor spraying plants with several concentrations of free amino acids (0,1, 1.50 and 2.00) mg L-1. The experiment design in a (2x3x4) factorial design using a R.C.B.D. with three replicates per treatment. Each replicate contained three pots, each with one plant. The results: Showed the study factors have significant impact of the studied parameters, the interaction (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 150 mg L-1) give significant impact in the number of leaves (129.0 leave) and the length of the vegetative branch (15.33 cm) while achieved the triple treatment (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 200 mg L-1) significant impact in number of vegetative branches (7.67 vegetative branches) and the main stem diameter (6.76 mm), as for the height of the plant, the interactions treatment was impact (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 100 mg L-1). Conclusions: From here we conclude that shading ratios play an important role in reducing the impact of stress intensity humidity and thermal associated with treating plants with free amino acids spraying on vegetative plant.
{"title":"Effect of Visible Light Blocking Ratio, Irrigation Intervals and Free Amino Acids on Vegetative Growth Parameters of Chrysanthemum","authors":"Mawj M. Bdewi, A. A. Kadhim","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: An experiment was conducted under plastic shades set up for this purpose in the Mashroo Almussaib area (45 km north of Babil Province) to improve vegetative growth indicators for chrysanthemum plants Minngopher cultivar with red flowers. Methods: Use 3 factors in the experiment include the first factor different percentages of visible light blocking (50 and 75) %, The second factor treating plants with three Irrigation Intervals (daily, every 24 hours, and every 48 hours) as for the third factor spraying plants with several concentrations of free amino acids (0,1, 1.50 and 2.00) mg L-1. The experiment design in a (2x3x4) factorial design using a R.C.B.D. with three replicates per treatment. Each replicate contained three pots, each with one plant. The results: Showed the study factors have significant impact of the studied parameters, the interaction (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 150 mg L-1) give significant impact in the number of leaves (129.0 leave) and the length of the vegetative branch (15.33 cm) while achieved the triple treatment (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 200 mg L-1) significant impact in number of vegetative branches (7.67 vegetative branches) and the main stem diameter (6.76 mm), as for the height of the plant, the interactions treatment was impact (75% shading, daily irrigation, and 100 mg L-1). Conclusions: From here we conclude that shading ratios play an important role in reducing the impact of stress intensity humidity and thermal associated with treating plants with free amino acids spraying on vegetative plant.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sexual dimorphism is an import phenomenon in avian kingdom. Through this, birds maintain their reproductive life. In this regard, the birds in dove group are very diversified creatures. A critical review of a renowned book, 33 species of doves were shown pronounced sexual dimorphism. For continuing the mode of breeding status and evolutionary divergence, this write-up could enhance the future guide readers.
{"title":"Exploring Sexual Morphisms in Pigeon Breeds and Doves: Selection Forces and Ecological Significance","authors":"Ashraful Kabir","doi":"10.31559/vmph2024.5.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/vmph2024.5.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual dimorphism is an import phenomenon in avian kingdom. Through this, birds maintain their reproductive life. In this regard, the birds in dove group are very diversified creatures. A critical review of a renowned book, 33 species of doves were shown pronounced sexual dimorphism. For continuing the mode of breeding status and evolutionary divergence, this write-up could enhance the future guide readers.","PeriodicalId":385877,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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