Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779847
M. Nejad, M. Taghipour
Fault occurrence in electrical machines is avoidable but, quick fault detection can increase system reliability. According to studies of electrical power research institute (EPRI), most of the occurred faults in electrical motors are created in bushes (41%) and winding (37%). According to high probability of winding fault occurrence in motor, its fault diagnosis is so important. Source of this fault is often winding isolators. Inter-turn winding fault creates short circuit in phase winding and changes phase impedance. As a result, machine becomes unbalance. Rate of impedance reduction depends on intensity of fault. Prominent characteristic of winding fault is second harmonic creation in sequence components, motor currents, torque and speed. Therefore, the most common approaches rely on frequency analysis. In this paper, to diagnosis winding fault two approaches based on frequency analysis studied, MCSA and EPVA and to determine percentage of fault second harmonic of id has been used.
{"title":"Inter-turn stator winding fault diagnosis and determination of fault percent in PMSM","authors":"M. Nejad, M. Taghipour","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779847","url":null,"abstract":"Fault occurrence in electrical machines is avoidable but, quick fault detection can increase system reliability. According to studies of electrical power research institute (EPRI), most of the occurred faults in electrical motors are created in bushes (41%) and winding (37%). According to high probability of winding fault occurrence in motor, its fault diagnosis is so important. Source of this fault is often winding isolators. Inter-turn winding fault creates short circuit in phase winding and changes phase impedance. As a result, machine becomes unbalance. Rate of impedance reduction depends on intensity of fault. Prominent characteristic of winding fault is second harmonic creation in sequence components, motor currents, torque and speed. Therefore, the most common approaches rely on frequency analysis. In this paper, to diagnosis winding fault two approaches based on frequency analysis studied, MCSA and EPVA and to determine percentage of fault second harmonic of id has been used.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779856
M. Yazdani-Asrami, S. B. Sadati, Emad Samadaei
In recent years, with the increase of nonlinear loads drawing Nonsinusoidal currents, power quality distortion has become a serious problem in electrical power systems. Distortions in voltage and current wave-shapes can upset end-use equipment and cause other problems. Harmonics are a particularly common type of distortion that repeats every cycle. Poor power quality may cause many problems, such as the nonlinearity, instability and unbalance of electric network. Also, power quality problem will decrease life time of electrical instrumentation. In this paper, effects of harmonic distortion on the performance of the transformers, cables and induction motors have been studied. Then after theoretical study, harmonic and several power quality indices have been measured in a Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) factory. The measurements show that harmonic distortion will decrease the life time of transformer and motors and also, will increase the losses and temperature of these equipments.
{"title":"Harmonic study for MDF industries: A case study","authors":"M. Yazdani-Asrami, S. B. Sadati, Emad Samadaei","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779856","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the increase of nonlinear loads drawing Nonsinusoidal currents, power quality distortion has become a serious problem in electrical power systems. Distortions in voltage and current wave-shapes can upset end-use equipment and cause other problems. Harmonics are a particularly common type of distortion that repeats every cycle. Poor power quality may cause many problems, such as the nonlinearity, instability and unbalance of electric network. Also, power quality problem will decrease life time of electrical instrumentation. In this paper, effects of harmonic distortion on the performance of the transformers, cables and induction motors have been studied. Then after theoretical study, harmonic and several power quality indices have been measured in a Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) factory. The measurements show that harmonic distortion will decrease the life time of transformer and motors and also, will increase the losses and temperature of these equipments.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127065604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779840
A. Mirzaei, A. Jusoh, Z. Salam, E. Adib, H. Farzanehfard
This paper proposes a novel zero voltage transition (ZVT) auxiliary circuit applied to a bidirectional converter for interface circuit between ultracapacitors or batteries with DC bus in electric vehicle (EV), fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). This auxiliary circuit provides almost soft switching condition for all switching elements while the control circuit remains PWM. So, the energy conversion through the converter is highly efficient. The proposed converter acts as a ZVT Buck to charge ultracapacitor or battery. On the other hand, it acts as a ZVT Boost to discharge ultracapacitor or battery. Buck operation of the proposed bidirectional converter is analyzed and its operating modes are discussed. The simulation has been done using PSPICE software and its results verify aforementioned capabilities of this converter.
{"title":"A novel soft switching bidirectional coupled inductor Buck-Boost converter for battery discharging-charging","authors":"A. Mirzaei, A. Jusoh, Z. Salam, E. Adib, H. Farzanehfard","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel zero voltage transition (ZVT) auxiliary circuit applied to a bidirectional converter for interface circuit between ultracapacitors or batteries with DC bus in electric vehicle (EV), fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). This auxiliary circuit provides almost soft switching condition for all switching elements while the control circuit remains PWM. So, the energy conversion through the converter is highly efficient. The proposed converter acts as a ZVT Buck to charge ultracapacitor or battery. On the other hand, it acts as a ZVT Boost to discharge ultracapacitor or battery. Buck operation of the proposed bidirectional converter is analyzed and its operating modes are discussed. The simulation has been done using PSPICE software and its results verify aforementioned capabilities of this converter.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"493 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122204816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779855
E. Najafi, A. Yatim
Static Compensator (STATCOM) has been widely proposed for power quality and network stability improvement. It is easily connected in parallel to the electric network and has many advantages for electrical grids. It can improve network stability; power factor, power transfer rating. It can also avoid disturbances such as voltage sag (dip) and swell which is the main concern of this paper This paper uses a single phase multilevel inverter for STATCOM. It also implements a new current mode controller to control a STATCOM. In order to detect voltage sag, the STATCOM utilizes Goertzel algorithm which is more efficient and practical compared to available methods. Finally, simulations show the results of STATCOM operation for sag mitigation. The results show that the proposed controller can effectively mitigate voltage sag during disturbances.
{"title":"Design and application of a novel current mode controller on a multilevel STATCOM","authors":"E. Najafi, A. Yatim","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779855","url":null,"abstract":"Static Compensator (STATCOM) has been widely proposed for power quality and network stability improvement. It is easily connected in parallel to the electric network and has many advantages for electrical grids. It can improve network stability; power factor, power transfer rating. It can also avoid disturbances such as voltage sag (dip) and swell which is the main concern of this paper This paper uses a single phase multilevel inverter for STATCOM. It also implements a new current mode controller to control a STATCOM. In order to detect voltage sag, the STATCOM utilizes Goertzel algorithm which is more efficient and practical compared to available methods. Finally, simulations show the results of STATCOM operation for sag mitigation. The results show that the proposed controller can effectively mitigate voltage sag during disturbances.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116037384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779837
Aisha Akbar Awan, M. Malik
In this paper, we propose a robust controller that converts a conventional voltage-mode H-bridge into a current-mode drive. The design has also been physically implemented. This technique results into low-cost, high performance machine drive.
{"title":"Robust current-mode dc drive","authors":"Aisha Akbar Awan, M. Malik","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779837","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a robust controller that converts a conventional voltage-mode H-bridge into a current-mode drive. The design has also been physically implemented. This technique results into low-cost, high performance machine drive.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125751885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779872
M. Sahid, A. Yatim, N. Muhammad
A bridgeless Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit based on Cuk converter is proposed in this paper. The operation during each sub-interval modes of the converter operated in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) is discussed. The small-signal and large signal models are presented using Current Injected Equivalent Circuit Approach (CIECA). PLECS/Simulink is used to verify the capability of the proposed converter to regulate the output voltage while the input current regulation is inherent. This converter is capable to operate in universal input voltage condition.
{"title":"A bridgeless Cuk PFC converter","authors":"M. Sahid, A. Yatim, N. Muhammad","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779872","url":null,"abstract":"A bridgeless Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit based on Cuk converter is proposed in this paper. The operation during each sub-interval modes of the converter operated in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) is discussed. The small-signal and large signal models are presented using Current Injected Equivalent Circuit Approach (CIECA). PLECS/Simulink is used to verify the capability of the proposed converter to regulate the output voltage while the input current regulation is inherent. This converter is capable to operate in universal input voltage condition.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127497483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779848
R. Baharom, A. Idris, N. R. Hamzah, M. K. Hamzah
In this paper, single-phase control rectifier using single-phase matrix converter with reduced switch count is proposed. The proposed method is able to perform AC-DC converter operation using only six switches as perform by conventional single-phase matrix converter that uses eight main switches. The PWM technique was used to calculate the switch duty ratio to synthesize the output. Switch commutation arrangements were developed that allows dead time to avoid current spikes of non-ideal switches whilst providing a current path for the inductive load to avoid voltage spikes. The SPMC topology with reduced switch count can be easily control using suitable proposed switching algorithm. The feasibility of the proposed topology was verified by a computer simulation.
{"title":"Computer simulation of single-phase control rectifier using single-phase matrix converter with reduced switch count","authors":"R. Baharom, A. Idris, N. R. Hamzah, M. K. Hamzah","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779848","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, single-phase control rectifier using single-phase matrix converter with reduced switch count is proposed. The proposed method is able to perform AC-DC converter operation using only six switches as perform by conventional single-phase matrix converter that uses eight main switches. The PWM technique was used to calculate the switch duty ratio to synthesize the output. Switch commutation arrangements were developed that allows dead time to avoid current spikes of non-ideal switches whilst providing a current path for the inductive load to avoid voltage spikes. The SPMC topology with reduced switch count can be easily control using suitable proposed switching algorithm. The feasibility of the proposed topology was verified by a computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130012984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779870
J. Wong, N. Idris, M. Anwari
This paper proposes a parallel energy-sharing configuration of energy management control for fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHVs) application. The hybrid energy source consists of fuel cells (FCs) and energy storage units (ESUs) made up of battery pack and ultracapacitor (UC) module. The aim of the control is to regulate the DC link voltage, which is connected to the traction DC motor via the h-bridge converter. Each source is connected to the DC bus/load using parallel active topology. A total of six control loops are constructed in a supervisory system in order to regulate the DC bus voltage, control of current flow and at the same time, to monitor the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage devices. The effectiveness of the proposed parallel energy-sharing control system is discussed and analyzed and then verified by experiments.
{"title":"Parallel configuration in energy management control for the fuel cell-battery-ultracapacitor hybrid vehicles","authors":"J. Wong, N. Idris, M. Anwari","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779870","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a parallel energy-sharing configuration of energy management control for fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHVs) application. The hybrid energy source consists of fuel cells (FCs) and energy storage units (ESUs) made up of battery pack and ultracapacitor (UC) module. The aim of the control is to regulate the DC link voltage, which is connected to the traction DC motor via the h-bridge converter. Each source is connected to the DC bus/load using parallel active topology. A total of six control loops are constructed in a supervisory system in order to regulate the DC bus voltage, control of current flow and at the same time, to monitor the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage devices. The effectiveness of the proposed parallel energy-sharing control system is discussed and analyzed and then verified by experiments.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114331070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779868
M. I. Hamid, A. Jusoh, M. Anwari
Power quality problems such as variation of reactive power consumption and distorted current injection in distributed generation system can be compensated by a single-phase conditioner. The proposed conditioner works in feed forward mode and placed in parallel with the PV-inverters in the distributed generation system. A simple current extraction method is applied and an operating algorithm of the conditioner's hysteresis current controller is implemented. The proposed conditioner is simulated using Simulink/Matlab. The simulation has shown that the current detection method and the hysteresis current control based on the proposed algorithms are worked well and capable to improve the quality of injected currents to the main grid system.
{"title":"Power quality improvement for distributed generation employing photovoltaic-inverter","authors":"M. I. Hamid, A. Jusoh, M. Anwari","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779868","url":null,"abstract":"Power quality problems such as variation of reactive power consumption and distorted current injection in distributed generation system can be compensated by a single-phase conditioner. The proposed conditioner works in feed forward mode and placed in parallel with the PV-inverters in the distributed generation system. A simple current extraction method is applied and an operating algorithm of the conditioner's hysteresis current controller is implemented. The proposed conditioner is simulated using Simulink/Matlab. The simulation has shown that the current detection method and the hysteresis current control based on the proposed algorithms are worked well and capable to improve the quality of injected currents to the main grid system.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125776136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-18DOI: 10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779871
T. Sutikno, N. Idris, A. Z. Jidin, Mohd. Zaki Daud
This paper presents an improved FPGA-based torque and stator flux estimators for direct torque control (DTC) induction motor drives, which permit very fast calculations. The improvements are performed by 1) using two's complement fixed-point format approach to minimize calculation errors and the hardware resources usage in all operations, 2) calculating the discrete integration operation of stator flux using backward Euler approach, 3) modifying the non-restoring method to calculate complicated square root operation of stator flux, 4) introducing a new sector judgment method, and 5) reducing the sampling frequency down to 5μs. To avoid saturation due to DC offset present in the sensed currents, the LP Filter is applied. The simulation results of DTC model in MATLAB/Simulink, which performed double-precision calculations, are used as references to digital computations executed in FPGA implementation. The Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) method is used to verify the minimal error between MATLAB/Simulink simulation and the experimental results, and thus the well functionality of the implemented estimators.
{"title":"FPGA based high precision torque and flux estimator of direct torque control drives","authors":"T. Sutikno, N. Idris, A. Z. Jidin, Mohd. Zaki Daud","doi":"10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAPEC.2011.5779871","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an improved FPGA-based torque and stator flux estimators for direct torque control (DTC) induction motor drives, which permit very fast calculations. The improvements are performed by 1) using two's complement fixed-point format approach to minimize calculation errors and the hardware resources usage in all operations, 2) calculating the discrete integration operation of stator flux using backward Euler approach, 3) modifying the non-restoring method to calculate complicated square root operation of stator flux, 4) introducing a new sector judgment method, and 5) reducing the sampling frequency down to 5μs. To avoid saturation due to DC offset present in the sensed currents, the LP Filter is applied. The simulation results of DTC model in MATLAB/Simulink, which performed double-precision calculations, are used as references to digital computations executed in FPGA implementation. The Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) method is used to verify the minimal error between MATLAB/Simulink simulation and the experimental results, and thus the well functionality of the implemented estimators.","PeriodicalId":386166,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Colloquium (IAPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125828886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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