Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11082
Fernanda Scheuer, Marisa Pereira de Souza, F. Sterzelecki, F. Cipriano, V. Cerqueira, M. L. Martins
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three fresh-water samples with different hardness values (25, 250, and 750 mg L-1 CaCO3) and a control (sea water with salinity 15% and hardness 2500 ± 130.9 mg L-1 CaCO3) on Mugil liza (mullet) juveniles by conducting a long-term test (for 50 days). Zootechnical performance [weight gain (WG), feed conversion rate, specific growth rate, and survival (%)], stress indicator parameters (glucose), and physiological parameters in gill tissues were analyzed to determine the fresh-water hardness range that can allow the optimal survival, growth, and feed conversion for the species. Fish with a mean initial weight of 22 ± 2.84 g were maintained under constant conditions of temperature, pH, alkalinity, and ammonia concentration, and they were fed four times per day with a commercial diet. When evaluating zootechnical performance, only survival (%) was not significantly different among treatments. For the other variables—weight gain, feed conversion, and specific growth rate—the best results were found in the treatment with 15% salinity (control). Blood glucose levels in animals maintained at 15% salinity (control) were significantly lower than those observed in the other treatments. Histological analyses corroborated the zootechnical data, potentially indicating stress in fish maintained at very low and very high water hardness. In conclusion, for cultivating juvenile mullets in fresh water, the most suitable hardness value was 250 mg L-1 CaCO3, because the best final weight of fish was achieved in that condition.
{"title":"Effect of total hardness of water on juvenile mullets (Mugil liza) raised in fresh water","authors":"Fernanda Scheuer, Marisa Pereira de Souza, F. Sterzelecki, F. Cipriano, V. Cerqueira, M. L. Martins","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11082","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three fresh-water samples with different hardness values (25, 250, and 750 mg L-1 CaCO3) and a control (sea water with salinity 15% and hardness 2500 ± 130.9 mg L-1 CaCO3) on Mugil liza (mullet) juveniles by conducting a long-term test (for 50 days). Zootechnical performance [weight gain (WG), feed conversion rate, specific growth rate, and survival (%)], stress indicator parameters (glucose), and physiological parameters in gill tissues were analyzed to determine the fresh-water hardness range that can allow the optimal survival, growth, and feed conversion for the species. Fish with a mean initial weight of 22 ± 2.84 g were maintained under constant conditions of temperature, pH, alkalinity, and ammonia concentration, and they were fed four times per day with a commercial diet. When evaluating zootechnical performance, only survival (%) was not significantly different among treatments. For the other variables—weight gain, feed conversion, and specific growth rate—the best results were found in the treatment with 15% salinity (control). Blood glucose levels in animals maintained at 15% salinity (control) were significantly lower than those observed in the other treatments. Histological analyses corroborated the zootechnical data, potentially indicating stress in fish maintained at very low and very high water hardness. In conclusion, for cultivating juvenile mullets in fresh water, the most suitable hardness value was 250 mg L-1 CaCO3, because the best final weight of fish was achieved in that condition.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43082288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11582
Lavínia Soares de Sousa, N. Azevedo, Márlon de Vasconcelos Azevedo, L. Carvalho
This was a retrospective case study of colic syndrome of cecal origin in 159 horses treated at a reference Veterinary Center between June 2015 and July 2021. The data studied were breed, age, sex, clinical examinations of the initial emergency care, treatment protocols (clinical and/or surgical) and resolution (hospital discharge, euthanasia or death). It was observed that 7.55% (n = 12) of the cases corresponded to colic syndrome of cecal origin, where 75% (n = 9) had heart rate within the physiological range for the species, as well as 50% (n = 6) for capillary refill time values, 33.33% (n = 4) for pink mucosa, 41.67% (n = 5) for rectal temperature, and 16.67% (n = 2) on abdominal auscultation. In 58.34% (n = 7) of patients, pain could be controlled with analgesics, with recurrence in 41.67% (n = 5). All treated cases were cecal impaction, where 58.33% (n = 7) ruptured the cecum. In 75% (n = 9) of the cases, surgical treatment was performed. Regarding the general resolution of cases, 41.67% (n = 5) of the animals were discharged. Therefore, it is concluded that despite the increase in the diagnosis of colic of cecal origin, this disease is still rare (7.55%) and has a high potential for death since there are few clinical alterations, making its early diagnosis difficult.
{"title":"Clinical and epidemiological findings of cecal disorders in horses in the state of Paraíba","authors":"Lavínia Soares de Sousa, N. Azevedo, Márlon de Vasconcelos Azevedo, L. Carvalho","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11582","url":null,"abstract":"This was a retrospective case study of colic syndrome of cecal origin in 159 horses treated at a reference Veterinary Center between June 2015 and July 2021. The data studied were breed, age, sex, clinical examinations of the initial emergency care, treatment protocols (clinical and/or surgical) and resolution (hospital discharge, euthanasia or death). It was observed that 7.55% (n = 12) of the cases corresponded to colic syndrome of cecal origin, where 75% (n = 9) had heart rate within the physiological range for the species, as well as 50% (n = 6) for capillary refill time values, 33.33% (n = 4) for pink mucosa, 41.67% (n = 5) for rectal temperature, and 16.67% (n = 2) on abdominal auscultation. In 58.34% (n = 7) of patients, pain could be controlled with analgesics, with recurrence in 41.67% (n = 5). All treated cases were cecal impaction, where 58.33% (n = 7) ruptured the cecum. In 75% (n = 9) of the cases, surgical treatment was performed. Regarding the general resolution of cases, 41.67% (n = 5) of the animals were discharged. Therefore, it is concluded that despite the increase in the diagnosis of colic of cecal origin, this disease is still rare (7.55%) and has a high potential for death since there are few clinical alterations, making its early diagnosis difficult.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43561460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11068
Mayana Lima Sá, Mariana Wilhelm Magnabosco, Y. Passini, P. Bandarra, M. Coimbra, R. França
Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (NSH) is a metabolic disorder that mainly affects young animals. This disease causes imbalance between the levels of calcium and phosphorus, culminating in bone changes. Wild animals raised in captivity can develop the disease when they are given an inadequate diet. The aim of this study is to report the clinical findings, the complementary exams and the therapeutics utilized in a Leopardus geoffroyi (Geoffroy’s cat) cub originated from captivity. The animal went through complementary imaging exams and biochemical evaluation that respectively revealed generalized osteopenia and pathological fracture of the right femur, reduction of serum calcium level and elevation of serum phosphorus level. After diagnosis, a correction of the diet and mineral and vitamin supplementation was performed. The NSH diagnosis was stablished by associating history, clinical signs, imaging exams findings and serum biochemicals. The early identification of this disease is of paramount importance, because in this way corrections can be made in food management, in order to provide successful clinical recovery and promote quality of life for wild captive animals.
{"title":"Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in a puppy Leopardus geoffroyi (d’Orbigny and Gervais, 1844)","authors":"Mayana Lima Sá, Mariana Wilhelm Magnabosco, Y. Passini, P. Bandarra, M. Coimbra, R. França","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11068","url":null,"abstract":"Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (NSH) is a metabolic disorder that mainly affects young animals. This disease causes imbalance between the levels of calcium and phosphorus, culminating in bone changes. Wild animals raised in captivity can develop the disease when they are given an inadequate diet. The aim of this study is to report the clinical findings, the complementary exams and the therapeutics utilized in a Leopardus geoffroyi (Geoffroy’s cat) cub originated from captivity. The animal went through complementary imaging exams and biochemical evaluation that respectively revealed generalized osteopenia and pathological fracture of the right femur, reduction of serum calcium level and elevation of serum phosphorus level. After diagnosis, a correction of the diet and mineral and vitamin supplementation was performed. The NSH diagnosis was stablished by associating history, clinical signs, imaging exams findings and serum biochemicals. The early identification of this disease is of paramount importance, because in this way corrections can be made in food management, in order to provide successful clinical recovery and promote quality of life for wild captive animals.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49157928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11423
Greiciene dos Santos de Jesus, Joyce Caroline Campos Mendes Braga, Vanielly Viana Rodrigues Vieira, Vitórya Mendes da Silva Monteiro, D. C. Bezerra, N. P. Bezerra
The aim of study is to feature the microbiological quality of two neotropical fish species from the quilombola area of Maranhão State, Brazil. In order to do so, 21 samples of Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus and 21 samples of Cichlasoma bimaculatum were captured in flooded environment. Collected fish were euthanized in laboratory environment; muscle fragments were removed for microbiological analyses focused on enumerating molds and yeasts, viable strict and facultative mesophilic microorganisms and coagulase-positive staphylococci; on counting total and thermotolerant coliforms; and on investigating Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Microbiological results were compared to the Brazilian legislation, which establishes the list of microbiological standards for food products. Among the assessed fish, 9.52% were classified as non-acceptable for human consumption, based on the Salmonella parameter. Enumerated coagulase-positive staphylococci ranged from < 10 to 3.9 x 104 CFU/g; 9.52% of assessed fish were classified as having intermediate standard for human consumption, whereas 4.76% were classified as non-acceptable for such a purpose. E. coli counting ranged from 3.6 to > 1,100MPN/g; 4.76% of assessed fish were classified as having intermediate standard for human consumption, whereas 4.76% were classified as non-acceptable for such a purpose. Total and thermotolerant coliforms’ counting and the enumeration of viable strict and facultative aerobic microorganisms, as well as of molds and yeasts, have evidenced high microbial population rates; this finding suggests poor hygienic conditions at capture site, contaminated raw material and risk of incidence of enteropathogens. This finding has evidenced imbalance in the investigated environment, as well as compromised aquatic biodiversity.
{"title":"Microbiological featuring of two neotropical fish species from the quilombola area of maranhão state, Brazil","authors":"Greiciene dos Santos de Jesus, Joyce Caroline Campos Mendes Braga, Vanielly Viana Rodrigues Vieira, Vitórya Mendes da Silva Monteiro, D. C. Bezerra, N. P. Bezerra","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11423","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of study is to feature the microbiological quality of two neotropical fish species from the quilombola area of Maranhão State, Brazil. In order to do so, 21 samples of Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus and 21 samples of Cichlasoma bimaculatum were captured in flooded environment. Collected fish were euthanized in laboratory environment; muscle fragments were removed for microbiological analyses focused on enumerating molds and yeasts, viable strict and facultative mesophilic microorganisms and coagulase-positive staphylococci; on counting total and thermotolerant coliforms; and on investigating Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Microbiological results were compared to the Brazilian legislation, which establishes the list of microbiological standards for food products. Among the assessed fish, 9.52% were classified as non-acceptable for human consumption, based on the Salmonella parameter. Enumerated coagulase-positive staphylococci ranged from < 10 to 3.9 x 104 CFU/g; 9.52% of assessed fish were classified as having intermediate standard for human consumption, whereas 4.76% were classified as non-acceptable for such a purpose. E. coli counting ranged from 3.6 to > 1,100MPN/g; 4.76% of assessed fish were classified as having intermediate standard for human consumption, whereas 4.76% were classified as non-acceptable for such a purpose. Total and thermotolerant coliforms’ counting and the enumeration of viable strict and facultative aerobic microorganisms, as well as of molds and yeasts, have evidenced high microbial population rates; this finding suggests poor hygienic conditions at capture site, contaminated raw material and risk of incidence of enteropathogens. This finding has evidenced imbalance in the investigated environment, as well as compromised aquatic biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45041919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11343
V. G. Rocha, Gabriel Goes Guedes, J. V. Dantas Filho, Antônia Valcemira Domingos de Oliveira, P. H. G. Gasparotto, J. Cavali, R. B. Pontuschka
The aimed was to evaluate the quality of raw milk from some suppliers in rural and urban areas and test the hypothesis that they are not safe for immediate consumption. The study was conducted with suppliers in rural and urban areas in Presidente Médici municipality, Rondônia state. The method of the Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), was used, which consists of titrating a portion of the sample with a sodium hydroxide solution of known concentration, using phenolphthalein as an indicator. According to Brazilian legislation and literature, stability of Alizarol, foreign substances, Chloride, Hypochlorite, Hydrogen Peroxide and Colostrum were analyzed. Microbiological analysis, standard plate count (SPC) and quantification of thermotolerant coliforms were also performed using the most probable number (MPN) technique. Values above the limits established by legislation were found, mainly for temperature and titratable acidity, in addition to stability results against Alizarol and the presence of colostrum. There were high microbial contents with regard to SPC, and, in this case, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms cannot be disregarded. The presence of thermotolerant coliforms may indicate probable contact of milk with feces. Therefore, it is considered that the samples analyzed here are not safe for ingestion in the raw form.
其目的是评估农村和城市地区一些供应商的生乳质量，并检验其不安全立即食用的假设。这项研究是与隆多尼亚州梅迪奇总统市农村和城市地区的供应商进行的。使用了农业部Pecuária e Abastecimento（MAPA）的方法，该方法包括使用酚酞作为指示剂，用已知浓度的氢氧化钠溶液滴定一部分样品。根据巴西立法和文献，对茜素醇、杂质、氯化物、次氯酸盐、过氧化氢和初乳的稳定性进行了分析。微生物分析、标准平板计数（SPC）和耐热大肠菌群的定量也使用最可能数（MPN）技术进行。价值观除了对Alizarol和初乳的稳定性结果外，主要是温度和可滴定酸度超过了立法规定的限度。SPC的微生物含量很高，在这种情况下，不能忽视病原微生物的存在。耐热大肠菌群的存在可能表明牛奶可能与粪便接触。因此，这里分析的样本被认为是不安全的，不能以原始形式摄入。
{"title":"Physicochemical and microbiological quality of refrigerated raw bovine milk commercialized in Presidente Médici, Rondônia state, Western Amazon, Brazil","authors":"V. G. Rocha, Gabriel Goes Guedes, J. V. Dantas Filho, Antônia Valcemira Domingos de Oliveira, P. H. G. Gasparotto, J. Cavali, R. B. Pontuschka","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11343","url":null,"abstract":"The aimed was to evaluate the quality of raw milk from some suppliers in rural and urban areas and test the hypothesis that they are not safe for immediate consumption. The study was conducted with suppliers in rural and urban areas in Presidente Médici municipality, Rondônia state. The method of the Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), was used, which consists of titrating a portion of the sample with a sodium hydroxide solution of known concentration, using phenolphthalein as an indicator. According to Brazilian legislation and literature, stability of Alizarol, foreign substances, Chloride, Hypochlorite, Hydrogen Peroxide and Colostrum were analyzed. Microbiological analysis, standard plate count (SPC) and quantification of thermotolerant coliforms were also performed using the most probable number (MPN) technique. Values above the limits established by legislation were found, mainly for temperature and titratable acidity, in addition to stability results against Alizarol and the presence of colostrum. There were high microbial contents with regard to SPC, and, in this case, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms cannot be disregarded. The presence of thermotolerant coliforms may indicate probable contact of milk with feces. Therefore, it is considered that the samples analyzed here are not safe for ingestion in the raw form.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42932668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11123
Daniel Barbosa da Silva, J. R. Cardoso, V. S. Cruz, Fabrício Carrião dos Santos, Paulo César Moreira, K. F. Pereira, E. G. Araújo
The aim of the present study is to describe the skin morphology and morphometry of the giant anteater (M. tridactyla), based on comparative analysis applied to skin segments from central metacarpal torus (palmar pad), dorsal thorax, ventral cervical, ventral abdomen, medial carpal and nasal regions. In order to do so, eight adult specimens of M. tridactyla were used for macroscopic studies and four for microscopic assessments. Microscopy was used to assess fur general features that were macroscopically assessed through visual analysis. Fragments (2.0cm²) were collected from the selected regions for microscopic studies. Samples were fixed on McDowell solution, processed through routine histology techniques and subjected to semi-serial cuts (5 μm). The cuts were stained in HE, Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff. General morphology of different skin layers was described, as well as their architecture and composition; mesoscopy of the epidermis, dermis and stratum corneum was also carried out. There was difference in skin morphometry between males and females, and between different skin regions in the same animal, based on the statistical evaluation of the recorded values. All epidermis layers were assessed for the selected regions. Dermis encompassed surface and deep layers; it presented sweat and sebaceous glands, as well as hair follicles. Findings also allowed reporting that epidermis components are easily identified given its thickness, and the large amount of sweat glands in it – it contrasts its physiological features.
{"title":"Aspects of skin morphology and morphometry of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, LINNAEUS, 1758)","authors":"Daniel Barbosa da Silva, J. R. Cardoso, V. S. Cruz, Fabrício Carrião dos Santos, Paulo César Moreira, K. F. Pereira, E. G. Araújo","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11123","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to describe the skin morphology and morphometry of the giant anteater (M. tridactyla), based on comparative analysis applied to skin segments from central metacarpal torus (palmar pad), dorsal thorax, ventral cervical, ventral abdomen, medial carpal and nasal regions. In order to do so, eight adult specimens of M. tridactyla were used for macroscopic studies and four for microscopic assessments. Microscopy was used to assess fur general features that were macroscopically assessed through visual analysis. Fragments (2.0cm²) were collected from the selected regions for microscopic studies. Samples were fixed on McDowell solution, processed through routine histology techniques and subjected to semi-serial cuts (5 μm). The cuts were stained in HE, Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff. General morphology of different skin layers was described, as well as their architecture and composition; mesoscopy of the epidermis, dermis and stratum corneum was also carried out. There was difference in skin morphometry between males and females, and between different skin regions in the same animal, based on the statistical evaluation of the recorded values. All epidermis layers were assessed for the selected regions. Dermis encompassed surface and deep layers; it presented sweat and sebaceous glands, as well as hair follicles. Findings also allowed reporting that epidermis components are easily identified given its thickness, and the large amount of sweat glands in it – it contrasts its physiological features.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42078277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11015
Cláudio Eduardo Silva Freitas, D. D. Alves, Angélica Alves de Moura Freitas, Franklin Delano dos Santos Soares, Enzo Freire Santana do Amaral Amaral, L. C. Gerassev, E. R. Duarte
The addition of cellulolytic fungi, or their enzymes, in diets containing high levels of fiber are promising strategy for improving the performance. In this study, the aims were to select cellulolytic fungi from the digestive tract of sheep fed different concentrations of banana leaf hay. Thirty lambs raised in a feedlot were evaluated, distributed in a completely randomized design, with diets containing 0, 125, 250, 375, or 500 g/Kg of dry matter and six replications. Approximately 15 mL of ruminal fluid and swabs from the rectal ampulla were collected. The cultures were carried out in a medium containing microcrystalline cellulose (C medium). The mycelial fungi isolates were identified through the microculture technique. Among the fungi from the ruminal fluid, 23 isolates corresponded to the genus Aspergillus and three to Paecilomyces spp. Among the isolates from the rectal ampulla, seven were A. spp., and three were P. spp. The A. genus predominated among the isolates from both evaluated sites (p <0.05). Fragments of these fungi were inoculated in triplicate in medium C at 37 °C and the cellulolytic activity index (CAI) was determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation. There was no difference in the CAI of Aspergillus spp. from animals fed different diets or of different evaluated sites (P > 0.05). However, 22 isolates of Aspergillus spp. and three of Paecilomyces spp. showed a CAI > 1, indicating biotechnological potential for cellulase production. These selected isolates could be selected for the elaboration of microbial additives in ruminant diets.
{"title":"Cellulolytic activity of anaerobic facultative fungi from the digestive tract of sheep fed with banana leaf hay","authors":"Cláudio Eduardo Silva Freitas, D. D. Alves, Angélica Alves de Moura Freitas, Franklin Delano dos Santos Soares, Enzo Freire Santana do Amaral Amaral, L. C. Gerassev, E. R. Duarte","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11015","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of cellulolytic fungi, or their enzymes, in diets containing high levels of fiber are promising strategy for improving the performance. In this study, the aims were to select cellulolytic fungi from the digestive tract of sheep fed different concentrations of banana leaf hay. Thirty lambs raised in a feedlot were evaluated, distributed in a completely randomized design, with diets containing 0, 125, 250, 375, or 500 g/Kg of dry matter and six replications. Approximately 15 mL of ruminal fluid and swabs from the rectal ampulla were collected. The cultures were carried out in a medium containing microcrystalline cellulose (C medium). The mycelial fungi isolates were identified through the microculture technique. Among the fungi from the ruminal fluid, 23 isolates corresponded to the genus Aspergillus and three to Paecilomyces spp. Among the isolates from the rectal ampulla, seven were A. spp., and three were P. spp. The A. genus predominated among the isolates from both evaluated sites (p <0.05). Fragments of these fungi were inoculated in triplicate in medium C at 37 °C and the cellulolytic activity index (CAI) was determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation. There was no difference in the CAI of Aspergillus spp. from animals fed different diets or of different evaluated sites (P > 0.05). However, 22 isolates of Aspergillus spp. and three of Paecilomyces spp. showed a CAI > 1, indicating biotechnological potential for cellulase production. These selected isolates could be selected for the elaboration of microbial additives in ruminant diets.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41632872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11410
Vanessa Bertoldo Martins, F. N. Vieira, W. Q. Seiffert, A. J. M. Bezerra
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory quality of Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) fed diets in which fish meal was replaced by soy protein concentrate. Four diets were evaluated, with different levels of replacement (33%, 66% and 100%) of fish meal by soy protein concentrate. In the sensory analysis, 50 tasters evaluated using the ordering preference test and 50 tasters evaluated the acceptability of the shrimp. The inclusion of vegetable protein source in the shrimp diet showed no difference in the discriminatory and preference ordering test and did not change the evaluated sensory attributes, which makes the product attractive to the consumer, due to the fact of consuming a product without presenting alterations in the taste.
{"title":"Sensory evaluation of pacific white shrimp fed with different levels of soy protein concentrate in replacement of fish meal","authors":"Vanessa Bertoldo Martins, F. N. Vieira, W. Q. Seiffert, A. J. M. Bezerra","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11410","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory quality of Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) fed diets in which fish meal was replaced by soy protein concentrate. Four diets were evaluated, with different levels of replacement (33%, 66% and 100%) of fish meal by soy protein concentrate. In the sensory analysis, 50 tasters evaluated using the ordering preference test and 50 tasters evaluated the acceptability of the shrimp. The inclusion of vegetable protein source in the shrimp diet showed no difference in the discriminatory and preference ordering test and did not change the evaluated sensory attributes, which makes the product attractive to the consumer, due to the fact of consuming a product without presenting alterations in the taste.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":"22 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41303600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11392
V. T. Lima, A. Peixoto, Ana Carolina de Souza Campos, M. Fernandes, V. H. Gomes, C. Coelho
Different anesthetic combinations are used for orchiectomy in cats. This study aimed to evaluate the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects on the physiological variables of ketamine (10 mg/kg), midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg), combined with local anesthesia, in cats undergoing orchiectomy (n = 19 cats). The time for lateral recumbency, degree of sedation, muscle relaxation and nociception were recorded preoperatively. The propofol rescue dose was recorded. The time to head up and quality of recovery were evaluated postoperatively. The time for lateral recumbency was 5 ± 2 minu-tes. Fifteen minutes after the administration of the ketamine-midazolam-methadone combination, a greater sedative effect, muscle relaxation and less response to noxious stimulation were observed. Propofol was administered to twelve cats under local anesthesia, at a total dose of 1.5 ± 0.8 mg/kg. Surgery was started 28 ± 5 minutes after the administration of ketamine--midazolam-methadone combination. There were no differences in the physiological variables evaluated over the other evalu-ation times (p > 0.05). The recovery quality scores were adequate, and the time to head up was 51 ± 10 minutes. Under the conditions of this study, the ketamine-midazolam-methadone combination did not allow local anesthesia for orchiectomy. Many cats required propofol rescue prior to surgery. This combination promoted minimal changes in physiological variables and prolonged anesthetic recovery.
{"title":"Effects of ketamine, midazolam and methadone, combined with local anesthesia, in cats undergoing orchiectomy","authors":"V. T. Lima, A. Peixoto, Ana Carolina de Souza Campos, M. Fernandes, V. H. Gomes, C. Coelho","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.11392","url":null,"abstract":"Different anesthetic combinations are used for orchiectomy in cats. This study aimed to evaluate the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects on the physiological variables of ketamine (10 mg/kg), midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg), combined with local anesthesia, in cats undergoing orchiectomy (n = 19 cats). The time for lateral recumbency, degree of sedation, muscle relaxation and nociception were recorded preoperatively. The propofol rescue dose was recorded. The time to head up and quality of recovery were evaluated postoperatively. The time for lateral recumbency was 5 ± 2 minu-tes. Fifteen minutes after the administration of the ketamine-midazolam-methadone combination, a greater sedative effect, muscle relaxation and less response to noxious stimulation were observed. Propofol was administered to twelve cats under local anesthesia, at a total dose of 1.5 ± 0.8 mg/kg. Surgery was started 28 ± 5 minutes after the administration of ketamine--midazolam-methadone combination. There were no differences in the physiological variables evaluated over the other evalu-ation times (p > 0.05). The recovery quality scores were adequate, and the time to head up was 51 ± 10 minutes. Under the conditions of this study, the ketamine-midazolam-methadone combination did not allow local anesthesia for orchiectomy. Many cats required propofol rescue prior to surgery. This combination promoted minimal changes in physiological variables and prolonged anesthetic recovery.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49218313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.10392
Maria Fernanda Santos Silva, R. Uscategui, R. Landers, P. P. M. Teixeira, F. Barros, P. Marcusso, W. Vicente
Laparoscopy procedures are useful tools to perform some assisted reproductive biotechnologies in ewes, it requi-res general anesthesia and manoeuvres that might result in alteration of the cardiopulmonary function. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the effects of oxygen supplementation as a therapeutic measure to mitigate these alterations in ewes submitted to laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Twenty-four healthy adult ewes were submitted to two LOPUs with a 21 days interval, under ketamine-midazolam anesthesia, and receiving each of the two experimental in random order, oxygen treatment (OT) 50 mL/kg/min of oxygen via endotracheal tube and control treatment (CT) not receive any inhalation treatment. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (RT), end-tidal CO2 concentration (EtCO2) and recovery anesthesia time were evaluated during LOPU, arterial blood gases and electrolytes were evaluated after induction of anesthesia and at the end of the LOPU. Variables were compared between groups and moments using ANOVA. MAP, SpO2, PaO2, SaO2 and pH were higher in OT, while EtCO2, PaCO2, temperature loss and recovery time were lower. These results allow to conclude that oxy-gen supplementation in ewes submitted to LOPU under TIVA provides benefits in order to mitigate physiological alterations.
{"title":"Effects of oxygen supplementation in ewes subjected to laparoscopic ovum pick-up under total intravenous anesthesia","authors":"Maria Fernanda Santos Silva, R. Uscategui, R. Landers, P. P. M. Teixeira, F. Barros, P. Marcusso, W. Vicente","doi":"10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.10392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2023.17.1.10392","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopy procedures are useful tools to perform some assisted reproductive biotechnologies in ewes, it requi-res general anesthesia and manoeuvres that might result in alteration of the cardiopulmonary function. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the effects of oxygen supplementation as a therapeutic measure to mitigate these alterations in ewes submitted to laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Twenty-four healthy adult ewes were submitted to two LOPUs with a 21 days interval, under ketamine-midazolam anesthesia, and receiving each of the two experimental in random order, oxygen treatment (OT) 50 mL/kg/min of oxygen via endotracheal tube and control treatment (CT) not receive any inhalation treatment. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (RT), end-tidal CO2 concentration (EtCO2) and recovery anesthesia time were evaluated during LOPU, arterial blood gases and electrolytes were evaluated after induction of anesthesia and at the end of the LOPU. Variables were compared between groups and moments using ANOVA. MAP, SpO2, PaO2, SaO2 and pH were higher in OT, while EtCO2, PaCO2, temperature loss and recovery time were lower. These results allow to conclude that oxy-gen supplementation in ewes submitted to LOPU under TIVA provides benefits in order to mitigate physiological alterations.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44894659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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