Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10733
L. Taranti, Kátia Haipek, P. Furtado, C. A. Oliveira, K. Filgueira, F. P. Sellera, R. G. Gargano, Archivaldo Reche-Júnior
The hyperthyroidism is the most frequently endocrinopathy in cats. The increasing number of diagnoses over time is due to the greater familiarity with the disease and the development of increasingly sensitive diagnostic tools available. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of hyperthyroidism in cats admitted at one of the largest veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil. Between 2002 and 2007, 234 cats were admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Total thyroxine (T4t) serum concentration was measured from all cats. Also analyzed the medical charts of cats. Of the 234 cats, 26 (11.1%) were considered hyperthyroid (T4t ≥3.8 μg/dL). Of hese 26 cats, only two (7.7%) were initially diagnosed as hyperthyroid. The age of cats ranged from 6 to 27 years old (13.1 ± 4.5 years). Twelve patients (46.2%) were female and 14 (53.8%) were male. Eight (30.8%) cats were Siamese, while the others were mixed breed (69.2%). Dry food was the most common food type consumed by cats. There was a high prevalence of hyperthyroid cats with concomitant chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study sheds light on the importance of routinely monitoring feline hyperthyroidism and brings epidemiological and clinical data of this endocrinopathy in cats from one of the largest veterinary teaching hospitals in the country.
{"title":"Prevalence, clinical and epidemiological features of feline hyperthyroidism at a veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil: a retrospective study","authors":"L. Taranti, Kátia Haipek, P. Furtado, C. A. Oliveira, K. Filgueira, F. P. Sellera, R. G. Gargano, Archivaldo Reche-Júnior","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10733","url":null,"abstract":"The hyperthyroidism is the most frequently endocrinopathy in cats. The increasing number of diagnoses over time is due to the greater familiarity with the disease and the development of increasingly sensitive diagnostic tools available. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of hyperthyroidism in cats admitted at one of the largest veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil. Between 2002 and 2007, 234 cats were admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Total thyroxine (T4t) serum concentration was measured from all cats. Also analyzed the medical charts of cats. Of the 234 cats, 26 (11.1%) were considered hyperthyroid (T4t ≥3.8 μg/dL). Of hese 26 cats, only two (7.7%) were initially diagnosed as hyperthyroid. The age of cats ranged from 6 to 27 years old (13.1 ± 4.5 years). Twelve patients (46.2%) were female and 14 (53.8%) were male. Eight (30.8%) cats were Siamese, while the others were mixed breed (69.2%). Dry food was the most common food type consumed by cats. There was a high prevalence of hyperthyroid cats with concomitant chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study sheds light on the importance of routinely monitoring feline hyperthyroidism and brings epidemiological and clinical data of this endocrinopathy in cats from one of the largest veterinary teaching hospitals in the country.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45560457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10825
Isabela de Lourdes Araújo, M. Frankó, T. M. Oliveira, S. A. Diniz, M. X. Silva
Rabies is an anthropozoonosis that presents approximately 100% lethality and expensive preventive assistance. Many human post-exposure anti-rabies treatments indicated for people at risk of exposure to rabies virus, usually due to some aggression by a mammalian animal, are instituted annually. This study aimed to evaluate the initial care of post-exposure prophylaxis of human rabies in Belo Horizonte between 2007 and 2016, involving accidents with domestic cats. It was found 71.1% agreement between the treatments instituted by health services and the protocol of the Ministry of Health. Treatments classified as insufficient totaled 18.3% and excessive, 10.6%. The animals were healthy in 68% and observable in 68.4% of the cases. Treatments involving the use of anti-rabies vaccine totaled 87.7%. The most frequent treatment adopted by the health services was observing the animals associated with the human anti-rabies vaccination in 56.7% of the cases. Imperfections in the filling of the notifications must be revised to enable improvements for future analyses. As for human prophylactic anti-rabies care, forming a multidisciplinary health team including veterinarians would be well on the way to improving the service offered.
{"title":"Human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis: a review of the treatment of accidents involving domestic cats","authors":"Isabela de Lourdes Araújo, M. Frankó, T. M. Oliveira, S. A. Diniz, M. X. Silva","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10825","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is an anthropozoonosis that presents approximately 100% lethality and expensive preventive assistance. Many human post-exposure anti-rabies treatments indicated for people at risk of exposure to rabies virus, usually due to some aggression by a mammalian animal, are instituted annually. This study aimed to evaluate the initial care of post-exposure prophylaxis of human rabies in Belo Horizonte between 2007 and 2016, involving accidents with domestic cats. It was found 71.1% agreement between the treatments instituted by health services and the protocol of the Ministry of Health. Treatments classified as insufficient totaled 18.3% and excessive, 10.6%. The animals were healthy in 68% and observable in 68.4% of the cases. Treatments involving the use of anti-rabies vaccine totaled 87.7%. The most frequent treatment adopted by the health services was observing the animals associated with the human anti-rabies vaccination in 56.7% of the cases. Imperfections in the filling of the notifications must be revised to enable improvements for future analyses. As for human prophylactic anti-rabies care, forming a multidisciplinary health team including veterinarians would be well on the way to improving the service offered.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47596270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10837
G. L. G. Almeida, Marcelo Barbosa de Almeida, Ana Carolina Mendes dos Santos, A. Vargas, S. Ballot, Elaine Waite de Souza
Digoxin is a cardiotonic glycoside that is traditionally used for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation in humans and animals. However, the use of digoxin is still a challenge in clinical practice due to its narrow therapeutic range and its potential interaction with several drugs, which could facilitate the development of toxicity. A 12-year-old Labrador retriever was referred with a clinical diagnosis of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea. He had been medicated with digoxin, furosemide, lisinopril, and amiodarone. The patient also showed clinical signs of hip osteoarthritis and received firocoxib for four days. He additionally received drugs for gastrointeritis. The electrocardiogram demonstrated atrial fibrillation and signs of digitalis toxicity. Laboratory examination showed a high concentration of plasma digoxin, and 5 days after withdrawal of the drugs, the symptoms disappeared, as did the digitalis effects seen in the previous electrocardiogram.
{"title":"Digoxin for atrial fibrillation: good, but not too good: a case report","authors":"G. L. G. Almeida, Marcelo Barbosa de Almeida, Ana Carolina Mendes dos Santos, A. Vargas, S. Ballot, Elaine Waite de Souza","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10837","url":null,"abstract":"Digoxin is a cardiotonic glycoside that is traditionally used for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation in humans and animals. However, the use of digoxin is still a challenge in clinical practice due to its narrow therapeutic range and its potential interaction with several drugs, which could facilitate the development of toxicity. A 12-year-old Labrador retriever was referred with a clinical diagnosis of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea. He had been medicated with digoxin, furosemide, lisinopril, and amiodarone. The patient also showed clinical signs of hip osteoarthritis and received firocoxib for four days. He additionally received drugs for gastrointeritis. The electrocardiogram demonstrated atrial fibrillation and signs of digitalis toxicity. Laboratory examination showed a high concentration of plasma digoxin, and 5 days after withdrawal of the drugs, the symptoms disappeared, as did the digitalis effects seen in the previous electrocardiogram.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49427610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10654
Eloísa do Amparo Rodrigues do Carmo, S. A. Melo, Clóvis Thadeu Rabello Improta, Kelly Cristiny Gomes da Paixão Albuquerque, A. P. Pinho, Elaine Leão Queiroz Serrão
A survey was conducted on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Equidae breeders in the municipality of Soure, Marajó Island, Pará, regarding animal health problems in the properties, especially glanders and adoption of sanitary measures that are pertinent to their combat, to elaborate on educational technical material with the appropriate methodology. The study included 50 interviewees from urban and rural areas of this municipality. Regarding data collection, structured interviews containing 22 multiple choice questions on the socioeconomic characteristics of breeders and/or owners of Equidae, breeding habits and models, and conceptions about sanitary control and their relationship with the animal health defense agency were conducted. From the qualitative analysis of data, 66% (33/50) interviewees were identified as literate, which facilitates the choice of the best language to use for communication. Regarding the choice of the best language for the transfer of information, 62% (31/50) interviewees said that a mobile phone is currently the best tool for transmitting information. Further, 40% (20/50) interviewees breed their Equidae extensively, raising an alert for epidemiological surveillance, and only 10% (5/50) interviewees turned to ADEPARÁ when the animals were sick. Based on the study results, Equidae breeders need guidance regarding the actions of the animal health defense services, and sanitary education is a fundamental measure for raising awareness and clarification of glanders to mitigate damage to public health and animal welfare, avoiding its spread in the State.
{"title":"Situational profile of equidae breeders in the municipality of Soure, Pará: an approach to glanders and adoption of relevant sanitary measures","authors":"Eloísa do Amparo Rodrigues do Carmo, S. A. Melo, Clóvis Thadeu Rabello Improta, Kelly Cristiny Gomes da Paixão Albuquerque, A. P. Pinho, Elaine Leão Queiroz Serrão","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10654","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was conducted on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Equidae breeders in the municipality of Soure, Marajó Island, Pará, regarding animal health problems in the properties, especially glanders and adoption of sanitary measures that are pertinent to their combat, to elaborate on educational technical material with the appropriate methodology. The study included 50 interviewees from urban and rural areas of this municipality. Regarding data collection, structured interviews containing 22 multiple choice questions on the socioeconomic characteristics of breeders and/or owners of Equidae, breeding habits and models, and conceptions about sanitary control and their relationship with the animal health defense agency were conducted. From the qualitative analysis of data, 66% (33/50) interviewees were identified as literate, which facilitates the choice of the best language to use for communication. Regarding the choice of the best language for the transfer of information, 62% (31/50) interviewees said that a mobile phone is currently the best tool for transmitting information. Further, 40% (20/50) interviewees breed their Equidae extensively, raising an alert for epidemiological surveillance, and only 10% (5/50) interviewees turned to ADEPARÁ when the animals were sick. Based on the study results, Equidae breeders need guidance regarding the actions of the animal health defense services, and sanitary education is a fundamental measure for raising awareness and clarification of glanders to mitigate damage to public health and animal welfare, avoiding its spread in the State.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48715268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10519
Erickson Júnior De Ré, Clóvis Junior Chimin Chafes, Guilherme de Oliveira Alves Possidonio, F. C. Bandiera, Andréia Buzatti, J. Preuss
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, popularly known as “feline pulmonary worm”, it is a nematode that affects the respiratory system of felines causing aelurostrongylosis. This parasite can be found in the host’s bronchi and pulmonary arteries. The clinical signs presented vary according to the animal’s immune response and severity of the infection, the host might present apathy, dyspnea, syncope, wheezing, sneezing, among others. This report aims to describe a case of aelurostrostrilylosis in a feline of wildlife threatened of extinction. The animal, Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821), popularly known as Margay, was found in an urban perimeter in the municipality of Anchieta, state of Santa Catarina (SC) in Brazil and attended at the Veterinary Clinic CLINIVET, of the University of the West of Santa Catarina - UNOESC, campus of São Miguel do Oeste (SC). In the initial clinical evaluation, the patient presented with deambulatory difficulties, biological samples were collected for further investigation. In the coproparasitological exam, parasitism was diagnosed by A. abstrusus, however the animal did not present any clinical signs related to the respiratory system. The results of this report indicate that the species L. wiedii, diagnosed with subclinical infection, can act as a wild reservoir for A. abstrusus, serving as a source of infection for other species of wild felids and also for domestic ones. This highlights the importance of effective public policies for the conservation, management and study of diseases that affect wild cats, especially species that need more urgent attention, that is, those threatened of extinction.
细纹线虫，俗称“猫肺虫”，是一种影响猫科动物呼吸系统的线虫，引起细纹线虫病。这种寄生虫可以在宿主的支气管和肺动脉中找到。临床表现根据动物的免疫反应和感染的严重程度而不同，宿主可表现为冷漠、呼吸困难、晕厥、喘息、打喷嚏等。本报告旨在描述一种濒临灭绝的野生动物的猫科动物的空中strostrylosis病例。这只动物，Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821)，俗称Margay，在巴西圣卡塔琳娜州(SC)安奇耶塔市的城市周边被发现，并在圣卡塔琳娜西部大学(unesc)兽医诊所CLINIVET就诊，该大学位于 o Miguel do Oeste (SC)校园。在最初的临床评估中，患者出现行走困难，收集生物样本进行进一步调查。在共寄生虫学检查中，被诊断为寄生，但动物没有出现任何与呼吸系统相关的临床症状。本报告结果表明，诊断为亚临床感染的wiedii种可以作为野田鼠的野生宿主，同时也可以作为其他野生动物和家养动物的感染源。这突出了有效的公共政策对保护、管理和研究影响野猫的疾病的重要性，特别是需要更迫切关注的物种，即有灭绝危险的物种。
{"title":"Infection by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in a wild Leopardus wiedii (Carnivora: Felidae): case report","authors":"Erickson Júnior De Ré, Clóvis Junior Chimin Chafes, Guilherme de Oliveira Alves Possidonio, F. C. Bandiera, Andréia Buzatti, J. Preuss","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10519","url":null,"abstract":"Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, popularly known as “feline pulmonary worm”, it is a nematode that affects the respiratory system of felines causing aelurostrongylosis. This parasite can be found in the host’s bronchi and pulmonary arteries. The clinical signs presented vary according to the animal’s immune response and severity of the infection, the host might present apathy, dyspnea, syncope, wheezing, sneezing, among others. This report aims to describe a case of aelurostrostrilylosis in a feline of wildlife threatened of extinction. The animal, Leopardus wiedii (Schinz, 1821), popularly known as Margay, was found in an urban perimeter in the municipality of Anchieta, state of Santa Catarina (SC) in Brazil and attended at the Veterinary Clinic CLINIVET, of the University of the West of Santa Catarina - UNOESC, campus of São Miguel do Oeste (SC). In the initial clinical evaluation, the patient presented with deambulatory difficulties, biological samples were collected for further investigation. In the coproparasitological exam, parasitism was diagnosed by A. abstrusus, however the animal did not present any clinical signs related to the respiratory system. The results of this report indicate that the species L. wiedii, diagnosed with subclinical infection, can act as a wild reservoir for A. abstrusus, serving as a source of infection for other species of wild felids and also for domestic ones. This highlights the importance of effective public policies for the conservation, management and study of diseases that affect wild cats, especially species that need more urgent attention, that is, those threatened of extinction.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48104601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10768
Patrícia Veiga de Almeida, Adelino da Cunha Neto, T. R. Anjos, N. Dias, Kethin Raianne Nunes Calixto de Andrade, Jade Gabriela Oliveira Nascimento, E. Figueiredo, R. C. T. Carvalho
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in milk cooling tank reflects a hygienic deficit in animal management, production environment, and milk obtainment. With implications for public health as agents of infection and food poisoning, and the presence of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Therefore, were investigated in cooling tanks with high counts of somatic cells and total bacteria in milk. Microorganisms, in which a profile of resistance to antimicrobials was investigated, and whether there was a similarity in this profile between the strains of the eight dairy properties.Therefore, eighty-eight samples were obtained, and inoculated on Compact Dry® plates. Of this total, 27.27% (24/88) samples tested positive for E. coli and 56.81% (50/88) for S. aureus. Among 24 E. coli strains subjected to disk-diffusion antibiograms, 70.83% were resistant to rifampicin, 50% to ampicillin and 41.67% to cefoxitin and erythromycin, while of the 51 S. aureus strains, 94.32% expressed resistance to azetroanam, 86.27% to ampicillin and nalidixic acid, 76.47% to rifampicin and 47.06 % to erythromycin and cefoxitin. A criterion of resistance to over three antibiotics was observed for 8.33% (2/24) of the isolated E. coli strains and 17.65% (9/51) of the S. aureus strains, characterizing them as multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. Resistance phenotypes displayed high similarity between properties F5 and F6 for S. aureus, and properties F6 and F8 for E. coli when applying the Jaccard index. The presence of these antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms indicate flaws in milk production handling and sanitary conditions, representing risk to milk consumers.
{"title":"Isolation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureusin raw milk from refrigeration tanks: identification and antimicrobial resistance profiles","authors":"Patrícia Veiga de Almeida, Adelino da Cunha Neto, T. R. Anjos, N. Dias, Kethin Raianne Nunes Calixto de Andrade, Jade Gabriela Oliveira Nascimento, E. Figueiredo, R. C. T. Carvalho","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10768","url":null,"abstract":"Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in milk cooling tank reflects a hygienic deficit in animal management, production environment, and milk obtainment. With implications for public health as agents of infection and food poisoning, and the presence of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Therefore, were investigated in cooling tanks with high counts of somatic cells and total bacteria in milk. Microorganisms, in which a profile of resistance to antimicrobials was investigated, and whether there was a similarity in this profile between the strains of the eight dairy properties.Therefore, eighty-eight samples were obtained, and inoculated on Compact Dry® plates. Of this total, 27.27% (24/88) samples tested positive for E. coli and 56.81% (50/88) for S. aureus. Among 24 E. coli strains subjected to disk-diffusion antibiograms, 70.83% were resistant to rifampicin, 50% to ampicillin and 41.67% to cefoxitin and erythromycin, while of the 51 S. aureus strains, 94.32% expressed resistance to azetroanam, 86.27% to ampicillin and nalidixic acid, 76.47% to rifampicin and 47.06 % to erythromycin and cefoxitin. A criterion of resistance to over three antibiotics was observed for 8.33% (2/24) of the isolated E. coli strains and 17.65% (9/51) of the S. aureus strains, characterizing them as multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. Resistance phenotypes displayed high similarity between properties F5 and F6 for S. aureus, and properties F6 and F8 for E. coli when applying the Jaccard index. The presence of these antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms indicate flaws in milk production handling and sanitary conditions, representing risk to milk consumers.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48708623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10986
Bárbara do Carmo Rodrigues Virote, Daniel Vitor Martimiano, Sarah Lacerda Fabem, Marcelo Stefanini Tanaka, Letycia Andrade Locha, L. D. Murgas
In this study, we sought to demonstrate the toxicity of different concentrations of ozonated water in zebrafish embryos up to 120 hours postfertilization (hpf ) and their antimicrobial activity advantages. For the test, we placed 40 embryos per treatment in Petri dishes containing 30 ml of solution to be tested. The ozone concentrations used were calculated from an initial concentration of 72 μg/ml using the O&L 1.5 RM ozone generator (Ozone & Life, Brazil). Five serial dilutions 1:1 was performed in egg water to produce the ozone treatments. We also analyzed a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without ozone, with only the addition of methylene blue, and a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without the addition of any antifungal agent. The plates were incubated at 28 ± 1°C, and the embryos were analyzed daily until 120 hpf. The survival rate, incubation period, and possible deformities were analyzed. In addition, egg water microbiological analyses were performed to detect total coliforms and fungi and yeasts. The data were tested for normality, and analysis of variance was performed within Minitab®version 1.8 software. The results showed that there was no significant difference in embryo survival or hatching rate between treatments with different ozone concentrations (p > 0.05), and no embryonic deformities were found under any of the ozone concentrations evaluated. It can be concluded that ozone within the concentrations analyzed is not toxic to zebrafish embryos and has antifungal and antimicrobial action.
{"title":"Use of ozone in the culture medium of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos","authors":"Bárbara do Carmo Rodrigues Virote, Daniel Vitor Martimiano, Sarah Lacerda Fabem, Marcelo Stefanini Tanaka, Letycia Andrade Locha, L. D. Murgas","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10986","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we sought to demonstrate the toxicity of different concentrations of ozonated water in zebrafish embryos up to 120 hours postfertilization (hpf ) and their antimicrobial activity advantages. For the test, we placed 40 embryos per treatment in Petri dishes containing 30 ml of solution to be tested. The ozone concentrations used were calculated from an initial concentration of 72 μg/ml using the O&L 1.5 RM ozone generator (Ozone & Life, Brazil). Five serial dilutions 1:1 was performed in egg water to produce the ozone treatments. We also analyzed a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without ozone, with only the addition of methylene blue, and a treatment with 30 ml of egg water without the addition of any antifungal agent. The plates were incubated at 28 ± 1°C, and the embryos were analyzed daily until 120 hpf. The survival rate, incubation period, and possible deformities were analyzed. In addition, egg water microbiological analyses were performed to detect total coliforms and fungi and yeasts. The data were tested for normality, and analysis of variance was performed within Minitab®version 1.8 software. The results showed that there was no significant difference in embryo survival or hatching rate between treatments with different ozone concentrations (p > 0.05), and no embryonic deformities were found under any of the ozone concentrations evaluated. It can be concluded that ozone within the concentrations analyzed is not toxic to zebrafish embryos and has antifungal and antimicrobial action.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48175060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10918
Gilcimara da Silva Tavares, D. A. Brito, G. Sousa, Alexsandra Iarlen Cabral Cruz, Juliana Sousa Bogéa, Aline Catarina Santos dos Passos
Contamination of chicken meat sold in public markets is a public health concern. The objective of this study was to identify contamination and evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli in chicken carcasses from public markets in the North Mesoregion of Maranhão. A total of 160 freshly slaughtered chicken carcasses were collected in 16 markets in six municipalities in the microregions of Itapecuru-Mirim and São Luís. The samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli using counting thermotolerant coliforms and classified according to the ANVISA microbiological standard. Of all the samples, 134 (83.75%) were considered unacceptable for consumption, according to Brazilian health legislation. Bacteria were isolated from the positive samples, and 50 isolates were tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial principles using the disc diffusion method. The results confirm the presence of E. coli, with counts ranging from 101 to 108 NMP/g. The isolates showed resistance to neomycin (49/50, 98%), streptomycin (48/50, 96%), sulfonamides (47/50, 94%), nitrofurantoin (45/50, 90%), cefazolin (43/50, 86%), and tetracycline (43/50, 86%). No antibiotic was effective against the isolates, which were resistant to more than 3 antimicrobial classes considered resistant to multiple drugs (MDR). Therefore, chicken meat sold in public markets in Maranhão presents unsatisfactory conditions for consumption and risk of transmission of E. coli with an MDR profile.
{"title":"Contamination and antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli in chicken carcasses from public markets in Maranhão","authors":"Gilcimara da Silva Tavares, D. A. Brito, G. Sousa, Alexsandra Iarlen Cabral Cruz, Juliana Sousa Bogéa, Aline Catarina Santos dos Passos","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10918","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of chicken meat sold in public markets is a public health concern. The objective of this study was to identify contamination and evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli in chicken carcasses from public markets in the North Mesoregion of Maranhão. A total of 160 freshly slaughtered chicken carcasses were collected in 16 markets in six municipalities in the microregions of Itapecuru-Mirim and São Luís. The samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli using counting thermotolerant coliforms and classified according to the ANVISA microbiological standard. Of all the samples, 134 (83.75%) were considered unacceptable for consumption, according to Brazilian health legislation. Bacteria were isolated from the positive samples, and 50 isolates were tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial principles using the disc diffusion method. The results confirm the presence of E. coli, with counts ranging from 101 to 108 NMP/g. The isolates showed resistance to neomycin (49/50, 98%), streptomycin (48/50, 96%), sulfonamides (47/50, 94%), nitrofurantoin (45/50, 90%), cefazolin (43/50, 86%), and tetracycline (43/50, 86%). No antibiotic was effective against the isolates, which were resistant to more than 3 antimicrobial classes considered resistant to multiple drugs (MDR). Therefore, chicken meat sold in public markets in Maranhão presents unsatisfactory conditions for consumption and risk of transmission of E. coli with an MDR profile.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47417909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10508
G. Galli, Patrícia Glombowsky, Aleksandro Schafer da Silva
This study aimed to determine if the homeopathic formulation based on Natrum muriaticum, Matricaria, Chamomilla, and Ignatia amara was effective for stress control in dogs in order to prevent and/or reduce the frequency of unwanted behaviors. Ten male beagle dogs were divided into two groups, with five animals per group. The control group was animals receiving 0.5 mL/day of placebo via spray in the feed for 30 consecutive days as a preventive. The treated group received 0.5 mL/day of tested drug spray in the feed for 30 consecutive days as a preventive. Behavioral tests were performed at two time points, before and after receiving the tested drug. We performed the following behavioral tests: a) persons known and unknown in the internal and external environment; b) interaction with toys; c) interaction with an unknown dog, d) test with a leash; and e) firecracker test. There was more engagement in digging and scaling the fence in the control group than in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The animals that received homeopathic medicine sat 2.54 times longer than the control (P = 0.0269). Dogs that received homeopathic showed 4.49 times more interest in general at D30 than at D1 (P = 0.0214). Animals in the treated group showed an 83% less chance of urinating than the control group in the tests involving displacements. We conclude that the preventive addition of homeopathic medicine containing Natrum muriaticum, Chamomilla, and Ignatia amara reduced undesirable behaviors related to anxiety and increased the incidence of interest behavior.
{"title":"Is the addition of spray homeopathic in feed able to change dog behavior?","authors":"G. Galli, Patrícia Glombowsky, Aleksandro Schafer da Silva","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10508","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine if the homeopathic formulation based on Natrum muriaticum, Matricaria, Chamomilla, and Ignatia amara was effective for stress control in dogs in order to prevent and/or reduce the frequency of unwanted behaviors. Ten male beagle dogs were divided into two groups, with five animals per group. The control group was animals receiving 0.5 mL/day of placebo via spray in the feed for 30 consecutive days as a preventive. The treated group received 0.5 mL/day of tested drug spray in the feed for 30 consecutive days as a preventive. Behavioral tests were performed at two time points, before and after receiving the tested drug. We performed the following behavioral tests: a) persons known and unknown in the internal and external environment; b) interaction with toys; c) interaction with an unknown dog, d) test with a leash; and e) firecracker test. There was more engagement in digging and scaling the fence in the control group than in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The animals that received homeopathic medicine sat 2.54 times longer than the control (P = 0.0269). Dogs that received homeopathic showed 4.49 times more interest in general at D30 than at D1 (P = 0.0214). Animals in the treated group showed an 83% less chance of urinating than the control group in the tests involving displacements. We conclude that the preventive addition of homeopathic medicine containing Natrum muriaticum, Chamomilla, and Ignatia amara reduced undesirable behaviors related to anxiety and increased the incidence of interest behavior.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43368325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10609
João Vitor Gonçalves Biscotto, Matheus Machado Amaral, A. F. Cunha
The objective was to assess the prevalence and influence of clinical and subclinical mastitis during the service period of cows in a herd in Tarumirim (MG), from October 2019 to May 2020. Around 65 Gir x Holstein and Guzerá x Holstein lactating crossbred cows were evaluated. Subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by means of the California Mastitis Test (CMT), and clinical mastitis, by means of the strip cup test and the animals’ clinical signs. Pregnancy after calving was diagnosed by the rectal palpation method, with the aid of ultrasound. The time from calving to conception was considered as the service time. The prevalence rates of clinical and subclinical mastitis were 2.9 and 63.7%, respectively, throughout the experimental period. The mean service period was shorter (p<0.05) in healthy cows (63.1 days) than in cows with subclinical mastitis (88.5 days) and clinical mastitis (111.2 days). The service period increased by 30.9 days for each mammary quarter with clinical mastitis (p<0.05). With each increase in the degree and days of duration of clinical and subclinical mastitis, the service period rose by 25.4 and 6.5 days, and 8.5 and 0.6 days, respectively (p<0.05). Therefore, mastitis increases the service period of dairy cows. Good milking hygiene and animal handling practices should be adopted in order to reduce the prevalence of mastitis in the herd.
{"title":"Prevalence and influence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in the service period of dairy cows in Tarumirim (MG)","authors":"João Vitor Gonçalves Biscotto, Matheus Machado Amaral, A. F. Cunha","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10609","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to assess the prevalence and influence of clinical and subclinical mastitis during the service period of cows in a herd in Tarumirim (MG), from October 2019 to May 2020. Around 65 Gir x Holstein and Guzerá x Holstein lactating crossbred cows were evaluated. Subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by means of the California Mastitis Test (CMT), and clinical mastitis, by means of the strip cup test and the animals’ clinical signs. Pregnancy after calving was diagnosed by the rectal palpation method, with the aid of ultrasound. The time from calving to conception was considered as the service time. The prevalence rates of clinical and subclinical mastitis were 2.9 and 63.7%, respectively, throughout the experimental period. The mean service period was shorter (p<0.05) in healthy cows (63.1 days) than in cows with subclinical mastitis (88.5 days) and clinical mastitis (111.2 days). The service period increased by 30.9 days for each mammary quarter with clinical mastitis (p<0.05). With each increase in the degree and days of duration of clinical and subclinical mastitis, the service period rose by 25.4 and 6.5 days, and 8.5 and 0.6 days, respectively (p<0.05). Therefore, mastitis increases the service period of dairy cows. Good milking hygiene and animal handling practices should be adopted in order to reduce the prevalence of mastitis in the herd.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45754341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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