Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134224
Hisham Y. Makahleh, Haitham A. Badrawi
The effects of substituting ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) on fresh and mechanical properties of concrete and the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) beams are explored. A control mix and two geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes using 50% GGBFS and 50% fly ash for the first and 70% GGBFS and 30% fly ash for the second were used to cast 189 samples. Testing revealed that GPC samples reached the design compressive strength after 56 days of curing. Moreover, GPC demonstrated better durability when compared to conventional concrete. Upon testing of RC beams, it was concluded that GPC exhibits more ductility. Finally, GPC RC beams experienced the expected failure mode, i.e., flexural testing samples experienced a tension-controlled failure mode and shear testing samples exhibited a diagonal crack that propagated from the loading point to the support.
{"title":"Behaviour of RC beams and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete","authors":"Hisham Y. Makahleh, Haitham A. Badrawi","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134224","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of substituting ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) on fresh and mechanical properties of concrete and the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) beams are explored. A control mix and two geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes using 50% GGBFS and 50% fly ash for the first and 70% GGBFS and 30% fly ash for the second were used to cast 189 samples. Testing revealed that GPC samples reached the design compressive strength after 56 days of curing. Moreover, GPC demonstrated better durability when compared to conventional concrete. Upon testing of RC beams, it was concluded that GPC exhibits more ductility. Finally, GPC RC beams experienced the expected failure mode, i.e., flexural testing samples experienced a tension-controlled failure mode and shear testing samples exhibited a diagonal crack that propagated from the loading point to the support.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134233
Kamal Alogla, Laith Sh. Rasheed
In order to investigate the location effect of reactive powder concrete (RPC) layer on the structural behaviour of the hybrid deep beam, 12 reinforced concrete, simply supported deep beams were designed and tested under two-point loading. The beams were divided into three groups A, B and C. The results showed that the hybrid deep beams with RPC layer increases initial cracking and ultimate loads. The ultimate load in hybrid beams with RPC in the tension region was greater than the ultimate load in hybrid deep beams with RPC in the compression region. The first cracking and ultimate loads in the beams has increased with the decrease in shear span/overall depth (a/h) ratio. Load-deflection curve become stiffer as the a/h ratio has decreased.
{"title":"Effect of the location of reactive powder concrete layer on the behaviour of hybrid deep beams","authors":"Kamal Alogla, Laith Sh. Rasheed","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134233","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate the location effect of reactive powder concrete (RPC) layer on the structural behaviour of the hybrid deep beam, 12 reinforced concrete, simply supported deep beams were designed and tested under two-point loading. The beams were divided into three groups A, B and C. The results showed that the hybrid deep beams with RPC layer increases initial cracking and ultimate loads. The ultimate load in hybrid beams with RPC in the tension region was greater than the ultimate load in hybrid deep beams with RPC in the compression region. The first cracking and ultimate loads in the beams has increased with the decrease in shear span/overall depth (a/h) ratio. Load-deflection curve become stiffer as the a/h ratio has decreased.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.126800
Sayan Kumar Shaw, Arjun Sil
Fly ash is a fine grey powder consisting mostly of spherical, glassy particles produced as a by-product in coal-fired power stations having pozzolanic properties that exhibits supplementary cementitious material. This paper essentially investigated about the effects of fly ash on concrete 'with and without admixture, and as well as mixed form' in aspect of water-binder ratio, fly ash replacement percentages and curing ages (days). For modelling and analysis of these properties statistical best fit functions were used. This comprehensive study shows that in all types of concrete, compressive strength decreasing with increasing water-binder ratio. However, in maximum cases, highest compressive strength observed in case of 'with admixture fly ash concrete' is at 20% fly ash (FA) replacement level and shows maximum strength gaining initiates between 7-90 days in case of 'with admixture FA concrete' whereas significant strength gaining observed after 90 days onwards and ultimate strength gaining at 365 days.
{"title":"A generous review of fly ash engineering characteristics on concrete in trait of compressive strength","authors":"Sayan Kumar Shaw, Arjun Sil","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.126800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.126800","url":null,"abstract":"Fly ash is a fine grey powder consisting mostly of spherical, glassy particles produced as a by-product in coal-fired power stations having pozzolanic properties that exhibits supplementary cementitious material. This paper essentially investigated about the effects of fly ash on concrete 'with and without admixture, and as well as mixed form' in aspect of water-binder ratio, fly ash replacement percentages and curing ages (days). For modelling and analysis of these properties statistical best fit functions were used. This comprehensive study shows that in all types of concrete, compressive strength decreasing with increasing water-binder ratio. However, in maximum cases, highest compressive strength observed in case of 'with admixture fly ash concrete' is at 20% fly ash (FA) replacement level and shows maximum strength gaining initiates between 7-90 days in case of 'with admixture FA concrete' whereas significant strength gaining observed after 90 days onwards and ultimate strength gaining at 365 days.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134342
Rajkumar V. Raikar, D.S. Revankar, Basavaraj G. Katageri
Graph theory has wide application in solving the network problems in multidisplinary domains. This paper presents the application of graph theory in the analysis of determinate plane frames using flow graph representation. The detailed procedure of analysing the plane frames is presented in the paper. Three different plane frames are analysed using graph theory and the results are compared with static law using method of joints. The member forces determined by graph theory match very well with those computed from equilibrium method of joints. In addition, the comparison results obtained for a particular plane frame with two different spanning trees is also included indicating that any spanning tree can be used to analyse a plane frame. Detailed guidelines for analysing plane are also discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Graph theory implementation in plane frame analysis","authors":"Rajkumar V. Raikar, D.S. Revankar, Basavaraj G. Katageri","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134342","url":null,"abstract":"Graph theory has wide application in solving the network problems in multidisplinary domains. This paper presents the application of graph theory in the analysis of determinate plane frames using flow graph representation. The detailed procedure of analysing the plane frames is presented in the paper. Three different plane frames are analysed using graph theory and the results are compared with static law using method of joints. The member forces determined by graph theory match very well with those computed from equilibrium method of joints. In addition, the comparison results obtained for a particular plane frame with two different spanning trees is also included indicating that any spanning tree can be used to analyse a plane frame. Detailed guidelines for analysing plane are also discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134238
Jigar P. Variyavwala, Kaushik M. Gonaliya, Atul K. Desai
The current study is focused on seismic fragility analysis (SFA) to predict the seismic vulnerability of cable-stayed bridges (CSB) under uncertain seismic excitations considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). Seismic fragility curves (FC) exemplify the probable damage of CSB as a function of strong ground motions and can be used to evaluate the extent of damage probability for a certain ground motion index. This research utilised 25 ground motions to evaluate H-shaped pylon CSB in Indian Seismic Zone-V. The FCs have been developed using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) for four performance criteria. The pylon DR and bearing displacement have been used to produce component FC. The traditional IDA approach is adopted, which involves linear regression. The bound limits have been derived using the first-order reliability theory. Analysis results prove that bearings are the most fragile component; their placements and hinge formulations significantly affect the system fragility.
{"title":"Seismic fragility analysis of H shape pylon cable-stayed bridge considering soil-pile interaction","authors":"Jigar P. Variyavwala, Kaushik M. Gonaliya, Atul K. Desai","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134238","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is focused on seismic fragility analysis (SFA) to predict the seismic vulnerability of cable-stayed bridges (CSB) under uncertain seismic excitations considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). Seismic fragility curves (FC) exemplify the probable damage of CSB as a function of strong ground motions and can be used to evaluate the extent of damage probability for a certain ground motion index. This research utilised 25 ground motions to evaluate H-shaped pylon CSB in Indian Seismic Zone-V. The FCs have been developed using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) for four performance criteria. The pylon DR and bearing displacement have been used to produce component FC. The traditional IDA approach is adopted, which involves linear regression. The bound limits have been derived using the first-order reliability theory. Analysis results prove that bearings are the most fragile component; their placements and hinge formulations significantly affect the system fragility.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phase change material (PCM) technology, which efficiently stores thermal energy to maintain structures' inner atmosphere, is one of the most well established adaptive solutions to reduce air temperature variations in buildings. Passive heat modulation systems like PCMs improve thermal comfort and reduce building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning energy. Phase-change materials and thermal storage reduce energy use in building exteriors. This study modelled a tropical climate and found the optimal phase-change material thickness to improve thermal comfort and reduce cooling needs. Investigators focus on phase change materials for energy-efficient construction. This study compares the benefits of using PCMs in building envelopes. Four Indian cities in different climate zones were generalised using Energy Plus calibrated reference models. Three thicknesses of PCM HS-22 plasterboard - 5, 10, and 20 mm - and every possible air gap arrangement - 50 and 100 mm - were added to the wall's interior. This substance's 23°C melting point keeps a building's temperature close to its melting point during high-energy demand. The study found a strong correlation between material thickness, air gap, and energy performance index in all climate zones, with temperate regions benefiting most.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of phase change material enhanced prototype in different climate zones","authors":"Jaspal Singh, R.K. Tomar, N.D. Kaushika, Gopal Nandan","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134234","url":null,"abstract":"Phase change material (PCM) technology, which efficiently stores thermal energy to maintain structures' inner atmosphere, is one of the most well established adaptive solutions to reduce air temperature variations in buildings. Passive heat modulation systems like PCMs improve thermal comfort and reduce building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning energy. Phase-change materials and thermal storage reduce energy use in building exteriors. This study modelled a tropical climate and found the optimal phase-change material thickness to improve thermal comfort and reduce cooling needs. Investigators focus on phase change materials for energy-efficient construction. This study compares the benefits of using PCMs in building envelopes. Four Indian cities in different climate zones were generalised using Energy Plus calibrated reference models. Three thicknesses of PCM HS-22 plasterboard - 5, 10, and 20 mm - and every possible air gap arrangement - 50 and 100 mm - were added to the wall's interior. This substance's 23°C melting point keeps a building's temperature close to its melting point during high-energy demand. The study found a strong correlation between material thickness, air gap, and energy performance index in all climate zones, with temperate regions benefiting most.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.10059750
Basavaraj G. Katageri, D.S. Revankar, Rajkumar V. Raikar
{"title":"Graph theory implementation in plane frame analysis","authors":"Basavaraj G. Katageri, D.S. Revankar, Rajkumar V. Raikar","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.10059750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.10059750","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134345
Kishor B. Vaghela, Jayeshkumar R. Pitroda, Swati Narolkar
Concrete is an enormously used building-material in the construction industry all over the world. It tends to crack because it has low tensile strength. Cracking in concrete will uncover the steel bars and it lowers the quality of concrete and embedded steel bars. This paper presents the results of tests performed to examine the influence of different concentrations of Bacillus megaterium-10086 (MTCC) bacteria on the strength and permeability of M30 and M70 grade concrete. The concentrations of three distinctive cells of microorganisms were used to make eight series of concrete mixes. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and water permeability tests were conducted in accordance with Indian Standard codes. Experimental results revealed that the incorporation of B. megaterium in concrete improved the strength and reduced the permeability of concrete.
{"title":"Influence of different concentration of ureolytic microorganism on the properties of concrete","authors":"Kishor B. Vaghela, Jayeshkumar R. Pitroda, Swati Narolkar","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134345","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete is an enormously used building-material in the construction industry all over the world. It tends to crack because it has low tensile strength. Cracking in concrete will uncover the steel bars and it lowers the quality of concrete and embedded steel bars. This paper presents the results of tests performed to examine the influence of different concentrations of Bacillus megaterium-10086 (MTCC) bacteria on the strength and permeability of M30 and M70 grade concrete. The concentrations of three distinctive cells of microorganisms were used to make eight series of concrete mixes. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and water permeability tests were conducted in accordance with Indian Standard codes. Experimental results revealed that the incorporation of B. megaterium in concrete improved the strength and reduced the permeability of concrete.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134341
Fahem Bouchala, Abdelghani Seghir
The seismic damage of an elevated reinforced concrete water tank is evaluated in the present work, considering water effect and soil structure interaction with foundation uplifting. The effect of the soil-structure interaction is accounted for by using springs with gap elements to allow the foundation uplifting. The stored water inertia is reproduced by an impulsive and convective masses. The supporting framed structure is modelled by hinged beam elements, and the fibre element model based on the axial load - biaxial moment interaction (PMM) hinge section is selected to define the basic force-deformation relationship for each material in the hinge. Model validation and modal analyses of the intact tank are first presented. Then, several incremental dynamic analyses are conducted to evaluate the seismic capacity and degraded modal characteristics of the tank after damage. Finally, a global seismic damage index is proposed and evaluated to assess the soil structure and the foundation uplifting effects.
{"title":"Seismic damage assessment of elevated RC water tank considering fluid-soil-structure interaction and foundation uplifting","authors":"Fahem Bouchala, Abdelghani Seghir","doi":"10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2023.134341","url":null,"abstract":"The seismic damage of an elevated reinforced concrete water tank is evaluated in the present work, considering water effect and soil structure interaction with foundation uplifting. The effect of the soil-structure interaction is accounted for by using springs with gap elements to allow the foundation uplifting. The stored water inertia is reproduced by an impulsive and convective masses. The supporting framed structure is modelled by hinged beam elements, and the fibre element model based on the axial load - biaxial moment interaction (PMM) hinge section is selected to define the basic force-deformation relationship for each material in the hinge. Model validation and modal analyses of the intact tank are first presented. Then, several incremental dynamic analyses are conducted to evaluate the seismic capacity and degraded modal characteristics of the tank after damage. Finally, a global seismic damage index is proposed and evaluated to assess the soil structure and the foundation uplifting effects.","PeriodicalId":38785,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Structural Engineering","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135057542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：