{"title":"Sufism and the Perfect Human: From Ibn ?Arab? to al-J?l?” (By Fitzroy Morrissey)","authors":"Michael Ebstein","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rethinking Women’s Dress Prescriptions in the Qur’an: An Extratextual Reading of Zina","authors":"F. Karim","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"12 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130433061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Despite the numerous books and articles on the thought and legacy of Muḥammad Iqbāl (d. 1938), hardly any significant academic studies exist that critically evaluate his philosophical thought in relation to his Muslim predecessors. The present article thus intervenes in the field of Iqbāl studies by challenging current scholarly assessments that present Iqbāl as a heroic reformer of Islam. This article is composed of three parts. It begins by providing a critical review of various scholarly treatments of Iqbāl's reformist thought and draws attention to problematic aspects of the current state of such scholarship. The article then proceeds to examine the ways in which Iqbāl's works frequently misconstrue or misrepresent various premodern Islamic texts and doctrines. It does so in two ways. The first of these involves an examination of Iqbāl's Eurocentric reading of premodern Islamic intellectual traditions and demonstrates that this is not only methodologically problematic but moreover undermined by Iqbāl's own limited grasp of modern scientific theories, such as evolution and the theory of relativity. This is followed by an examination of the concepts of selfhood (khūdī) and annihilation of the self (fanā'). Prominently featured in Iqbāl's thought and writings, his treatment of these two concepts illustrates the problematic aspects of his particular mode of interpreting premodern Islamic philosophy and Sufism. Overall, this article demonstrates that Iqbāl's status as a heroic reformer of Islam is misleading, as his interpretation of the premodern Islamic tradition is not as credible as it has often been presented to be over the past century.
{"title":"The Crisis of Modern Subjectivity: Rethinking Muhammad Iqbāl and the Islamic Tradition","authors":"Muhammad U. Faruque","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Despite the numerous books and articles on the thought and legacy of Muḥammad Iqbāl (d. 1938), hardly any significant academic studies exist that critically evaluate his philosophical thought in relation to his Muslim predecessors. The present article thus intervenes in the field of Iqbāl studies by challenging current scholarly assessments that present Iqbāl as a heroic reformer of Islam. This article is composed of three parts. It begins by providing a critical review of various scholarly treatments of Iqbāl's reformist thought and draws attention to problematic aspects of the current state of such scholarship. The article then proceeds to examine the ways in which Iqbāl's works frequently misconstrue or misrepresent various premodern Islamic texts and doctrines. It does so in two ways. The first of these involves an examination of Iqbāl's Eurocentric reading of premodern Islamic intellectual traditions and demonstrates that this is not only methodologically problematic but moreover undermined by Iqbāl's own limited grasp of modern scientific theories, such as evolution and the theory of relativity. This is followed by an examination of the concepts of selfhood (khūdī) and annihilation of the self (fanā'). Prominently featured in Iqbāl's thought and writings, his treatment of these two concepts illustrates the problematic aspects of his particular mode of interpreting premodern Islamic philosophy and Sufism. Overall, this article demonstrates that Iqbāl's status as a heroic reformer of Islam is misleading, as his interpretation of the premodern Islamic tradition is not as credible as it has often been presented to be over the past century.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129482739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This study addresses an interdisciplinary problem within the arena of Arabic linguistics and contemporary Islamic legal reform. With regard to linguistics, it aims to provide a non-legal version of Arabic semantics as elaborated in Islamic legal hermeneutics according to the Hanafī school of jurisprudence (fiqh). This semantic theory identified three main dimensions of textual meaning, namely the clarity and ambiguity of a statement's reference, the membership or scope of inclusion implied by a statement, and a statement's indirect meanings as discernible through techniques of indication, entailment, positive implication, and negative implication. With regard to Islamic legal reform, this article argues that Arabic lexicology and grammar are linguistically crucial but insufficient to determine textual meaning, and that the semantic meanings of sentences and texts weave a continuously expanding web that can only be adequately understood in reference to changing interpretative contexts. This article argues that textual meaning is always pluralistic, if not conflicted, and distinct from the mechanistic functioning of lexicology and grammar. Arabic semantic theory is additionally analyzed as a linguistic and cognitive instrument that responds to two alternative modes of Islamic scriptural hermeneutics, namely the literalist (zahir) and esoteric (bāṭinī) approaches to Qur'ānic exegesis. Textual meaning, or God's intended meaning, is controlled by a system that brings readers' minds to the associated assumptions, inferences, contraries, and indirect inferences in a complex web based on available human knowledge.
{"title":"What Did God Intend to Say? Arabic Semantics as a Legal and Cognitive Enterprise","authors":"A. Z. Obiedat","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study addresses an interdisciplinary problem within the arena of Arabic linguistics and contemporary Islamic legal reform. With regard to linguistics, it aims to provide a non-legal version of Arabic semantics as elaborated in Islamic legal hermeneutics according to the Hanafī school of jurisprudence (fiqh). This semantic theory identified three main dimensions of textual meaning, namely the clarity and ambiguity of a statement's reference, the membership or scope of inclusion implied by a statement, and a statement's indirect meanings as discernible through techniques of indication, entailment, positive implication, and negative implication. With regard to Islamic legal reform, this article argues that Arabic lexicology and grammar are linguistically crucial but insufficient to determine textual meaning, and that the semantic meanings of sentences and texts weave a continuously expanding web that can only be adequately understood in reference to changing interpretative contexts. This article argues that textual meaning is always pluralistic, if not conflicted, and distinct from the mechanistic functioning of lexicology and grammar. Arabic semantic theory is additionally analyzed as a linguistic and cognitive instrument that responds to two alternative modes of Islamic scriptural hermeneutics, namely the literalist (zahir) and esoteric (bāṭinī) approaches to Qur'ānic exegesis. Textual meaning, or God's intended meaning, is controlled by a system that brings readers' minds to the associated assumptions, inferences, contraries, and indirect inferences in a complex web based on available human knowledge.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129103743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platonism in Service to the Ism???l? Im?m: The Case of Ab? Ya‘q?b al-Sijist?n? (d. 971 CE)","authors":"J. Richmond","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Muslim World in Modern South Asia: Power, Authority, Knowledge by Francis Robinson (review)","authors":"Ali Altaf Mian","doi":"10.2979/jims.6.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.6.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133686165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay argues that the universal message of the Qur'an is best captured through the concept of "love." The essay begins with a discussion of Moustapha Akkad's famous film The Message, which depicts the early history of Islam. It argues that while the film is highly successful in presenting the traditional accounts of early Islam, it is less so in areas of Islam's underlying teachings, especially regarding the religion's more mystical message expressed through the Qur'an and forms of Islamic spirituality such as Sufism. I contend that the love poetry of such influential spiritual figures as Rumi (d. 1273) and Hafez (d. 1390) articulates the Qur'anic message of love by connecting it to the ultimate realization of tawḥīd, which for these sages implies union with the Divine Beloved Whose presence permeates the cosmos. It is further argued that if tawḥīd is about the relationship between the One and the many, then talking about tawḥīd in terms of love allows one to shift the focus away from the dos and don'ts of the Shariah or theological hair-splitting to the plight of the human condition, which is often characterized by pain and suffering because people lack what they desire. The experience of true love enables the soul to purify itself and grow spiritually. This in turn paves the way for actualizing the soul's latent spiritual potentials that are necessary to realize ultimate happiness.
{"title":"Untying the Knots of Love: The Qur'an, Love Poetry, and Akkad's The Message","authors":"Muhammad U. Faruque","doi":"10.2979/jims.5.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.5.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay argues that the universal message of the Qur'an is best captured through the concept of \"love.\" The essay begins with a discussion of Moustapha Akkad's famous film The Message, which depicts the early history of Islam. It argues that while the film is highly successful in presenting the traditional accounts of early Islam, it is less so in areas of Islam's underlying teachings, especially regarding the religion's more mystical message expressed through the Qur'an and forms of Islamic spirituality such as Sufism. I contend that the love poetry of such influential spiritual figures as Rumi (d. 1273) and Hafez (d. 1390) articulates the Qur'anic message of love by connecting it to the ultimate realization of tawḥīd, which for these sages implies union with the Divine Beloved Whose presence permeates the cosmos. It is further argued that if tawḥīd is about the relationship between the One and the many, then talking about tawḥīd in terms of love allows one to shift the focus away from the dos and don'ts of the Shariah or theological hair-splitting to the plight of the human condition, which is often characterized by pain and suffering because people lack what they desire. The experience of true love enables the soul to purify itself and grow spiritually. This in turn paves the way for actualizing the soul's latent spiritual potentials that are necessary to realize ultimate happiness.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130751868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Ibn 'Arabī's (d. 1240 CE) metaphysical conception of love can be understood according to three perspectives: (1) an ontological account of Divine Mercy (raḥma); (2) spiritual knowledge (ma'rifa) and self-knowledge; and (3) the practical dimension of individual intentions and acts of devotion (nawāfil). First, this article will explore Ibn 'Arabī's ontology of divine creative Mercy, in which Love signifies the attraction that draws all creatures back to reunion with their Creator. Ibn 'Arabī's discussions of love always presume the dialectical process of a twofold movement between Creator and creation. Second, this article will show how Love relates to the human understanding of this reality with respect to Ibn 'Arabī's epistemology of reciprocal divine-human Love. According to this epistemology, if love increases in proportion to knowledge, whoever knows God best also loves Him the most. Third, this article explores the reasons that Ibn 'Arabī identifies as the proximate causes of a deeper realization of Love: namely, beauty, beneficence, and prayers and other supererogatory acts of devotion. Throughout this analysis, the experience of Love is viewed as essential to understanding our humanity and our purpose, and ultimately the very reality of God. To love is thus to experience God.
{"title":"A Semantic Analysis of Ibn 'Arabī's Account of Metaphysical Love","authors":"A. Herawati","doi":"10.2979/jims.5.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.5.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Ibn 'Arabī's (d. 1240 CE) metaphysical conception of love can be understood according to three perspectives: (1) an ontological account of Divine Mercy (raḥma); (2) spiritual knowledge (ma'rifa) and self-knowledge; and (3) the practical dimension of individual intentions and acts of devotion (nawāfil). First, this article will explore Ibn 'Arabī's ontology of divine creative Mercy, in which Love signifies the attraction that draws all creatures back to reunion with their Creator. Ibn 'Arabī's discussions of love always presume the dialectical process of a twofold movement between Creator and creation. Second, this article will show how Love relates to the human understanding of this reality with respect to Ibn 'Arabī's epistemology of reciprocal divine-human Love. According to this epistemology, if love increases in proportion to knowledge, whoever knows God best also loves Him the most. Third, this article explores the reasons that Ibn 'Arabī identifies as the proximate causes of a deeper realization of Love: namely, beauty, beneficence, and prayers and other supererogatory acts of devotion. Throughout this analysis, the experience of Love is viewed as essential to understanding our humanity and our purpose, and ultimately the very reality of God. To love is thus to experience God.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133940465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article focuses on the role of the Muslim reform movement and how it affected and introduced new ideas into the Malabar region of South India that altered existing Islamic religious traditions, and asks whether this reform movement was revivalist in form. To help ans wer this question, the article explores historical narratives surrounding the figure of Chalilakath Kunahmad Hajji (d. 1919), who is considered the founder of modern madrasa education in Kerala, and how these narratives underwrite theological differences. The article seeks to explore the role of Islam in Kerala and its social and cultural impact on Muslims of Kerala society. It also discusses the role of reformers in modernizing the Muslim community of Malabar.
{"title":"Modernity and Reformist Rhetoric among the Muslims of Malabar","authors":"Shameer Ta","doi":"10.2979/jims.5.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.5.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article focuses on the role of the Muslim reform movement and how it affected and introduced new ideas into the Malabar region of South India that altered existing Islamic religious traditions, and asks whether this reform movement was revivalist in form. To help ans wer this question, the article explores historical narratives surrounding the figure of Chalilakath Kunahmad Hajji (d. 1919), who is considered the founder of modern madrasa education in Kerala, and how these narratives underwrite theological differences. The article seeks to explore the role of Islam in Kerala and its social and cultural impact on Muslims of Kerala society. It also discusses the role of reformers in modernizing the Muslim community of Malabar.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125490943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Islam, Environmental Science and Conservation","authors":"S. Hassan","doi":"10.2979/jims.5.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jims.5.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129691841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：