Abstract:While the history of Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879–1918) in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, has been well-documented and analyzed, the Catholic student experience at the school has not. Using school and church records, the author identified over 1,100 Catholic students who attended Carlisle, the majority having already become Catholic before entering the school. School officials (who were mostly Protestant) and fellow Catholics sought to uphold these students' religious beliefs. White perceptions of religion influenced the Carlisle boarding school experience, creating a new category of the religious "other" to distinguish Catholic students.
{"title":"\"To keep the Catholics intact\": The Catholic Experience at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, 1883–1918","authors":"Elizabeth C. Davis","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:While the history of Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879–1918) in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, has been well-documented and analyzed, the Catholic student experience at the school has not. Using school and church records, the author identified over 1,100 Catholic students who attended Carlisle, the majority having already become Catholic before entering the school. School officials (who were mostly Protestant) and fellow Catholics sought to uphold these students' religious beliefs. White perceptions of religion influenced the Carlisle boarding school experience, creating a new category of the religious \"other\" to distinguish Catholic students.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117271183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:At the behest of Pope Pius XI and the U.S. Catholic bishops, the Catholic University of America launched in 1939 the Commission on American Citizenship, which sought to "reaffirm the traditional allegiance of the Catholic Church in the United States to free American institutions; and make the ideals of Christian Social Living motivating factors in the daily lives of children in Catholic schools in order that they may thereby become citizens who would exercise the responsibilities as well as the rights of their freedoms." Through a curriculum, civic clubs, and other fora, the Commission developed a program that would instill a Catholic sensibility in students and inform their political engagement as adults. Doing so would help them evangelize the public square. But this effort fell short. The generation that came of age in the 1960s and early 1970s was the primary cohort exposed to the Commission's outreach. As many of these young Catholics took opposing sides in the ever-fierier culture wars, the Commission's comprehensive and shared worldview revealed a fractured Church.
{"title":"A Vision Unfulfilled: The Commission on American Citizenship and the Effort to Form Catholic Citizens, 1939–1950","authors":"T. Scribner","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:At the behest of Pope Pius XI and the U.S. Catholic bishops, the Catholic University of America launched in 1939 the Commission on American Citizenship, which sought to \"reaffirm the traditional allegiance of the Catholic Church in the United States to free American institutions; and make the ideals of Christian Social Living motivating factors in the daily lives of children in Catholic schools in order that they may thereby become citizens who would exercise the responsibilities as well as the rights of their freedoms.\" Through a curriculum, civic clubs, and other fora, the Commission developed a program that would instill a Catholic sensibility in students and inform their political engagement as adults. Doing so would help them evangelize the public square. But this effort fell short. The generation that came of age in the 1960s and early 1970s was the primary cohort exposed to the Commission's outreach. As many of these young Catholics took opposing sides in the ever-fierier culture wars, the Commission's comprehensive and shared worldview revealed a fractured Church.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126199003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Specialized Catholic Action movements were vital for the Church's attempt to engage with the world during the first half of the twentieth century. Often viewed as similar, or even identical, to Catholic Action, specialized Catholic Action movements were unique in their approach. As "like-tolike" apostolates, they attempted to bring change first in their social and professional milieus before radiating out to the larger society. The Young Christian Workers Movement (YCW) was the first specialized Catholic Action movement in the United States, and it was tremendously successful during the 1930s and 40s in organizing youth to promote change and reconnect them to the Church. However, the YCW was unable to adapt to a later era's social, cultural, and political challenges, which ultimately led to the movement's dissolution in 1970.
{"title":"Specialized Catholic Action in the United States: The Case of the Young Christian Workers","authors":"J. Mueller","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Specialized Catholic Action movements were vital for the Church's attempt to engage with the world during the first half of the twentieth century. Often viewed as similar, or even identical, to Catholic Action, specialized Catholic Action movements were unique in their approach. As \"like-tolike\" apostolates, they attempted to bring change first in their social and professional milieus before radiating out to the larger society. The Young Christian Workers Movement (YCW) was the first specialized Catholic Action movement in the United States, and it was tremendously successful during the 1930s and 40s in organizing youth to promote change and reconnect them to the Church. However, the YCW was unable to adapt to a later era's social, cultural, and political challenges, which ultimately led to the movement's dissolution in 1970.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126608858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In 1847, Samuel Mazzuchelli, O.P., founder of the Dominican Sisters of Sinsinawa, encouraged the sisters to “set out for any place where the work is great and difficult.” He instilled in them a love of learning and communal study, adaptability, and a spirit of flexibility—all which were necessary for ministry on the frontier. After his death in 1864, the Dominican community was curious about their founder’s early missionary experience on the American frontier. To their astonishment, they learned that Mazzuchelli wrote a memoir detailing his ministry among fur trappers and traders of Mackinac Island and Green Bay, and among the Ottawa, Chippewa, Menominee and Ho Chunk (Winnebago) peoples. When the Jacksonian-era Indian removal policies pushed Native Americans off their ancestral lands, he moved westward in 1835 to pastor the Irish and German immigrants and the early pioneers of the Upper Mississippi River Valley’s lead mining region. The Memoirs present a vivid account of the experiences of an Italian Dominican missionary in the Old Northwest from 1830 to 1843.
{"title":"Samuel Mazzuchelli’s Memoirs: An Italian Dominican’s Perspective on Frontier Life in the Old Northwest Territory, 1830–1843","authors":"Jane Welsh","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1847, Samuel Mazzuchelli, O.P., founder of the Dominican Sisters of Sinsinawa, encouraged the sisters to “set out for any place where the work is great and difficult.” He instilled in them a love of learning and communal study, adaptability, and a spirit of flexibility—all which were necessary for ministry on the frontier. After his death in 1864, the Dominican community was curious about their founder’s early missionary experience on the American frontier. To their astonishment, they learned that Mazzuchelli wrote a memoir detailing his ministry among fur trappers and traders of Mackinac Island and Green Bay, and among the Ottawa, Chippewa, Menominee and Ho Chunk (Winnebago) peoples. When the Jacksonian-era Indian removal policies pushed Native Americans off their ancestral lands, he moved westward in 1835 to pastor the Irish and German immigrants and the early pioneers of the Upper Mississippi River Valley’s lead mining region. The Memoirs present a vivid account of the experiences of an Italian Dominican missionary in the Old Northwest from 1830 to 1843.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129858359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Abuse of Conscience: A Century of Catholic Moral Theology by Matthew Levering (review)","authors":"P. Čajka","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129254707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Follow Your Conscience: The Catholic Church and the Spirit of the Sixties by Peter Cajka (review)","authors":"M. Levering","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121634173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In the twentieth century, Dominican sisters in the United States embarked on ambitious architectural projects. In the process they sought to inscribe their charism into the fabric of their ministry and community life. Significant among these architectural projects are the 1922 construction of Rosary College in River Forest, Illinois; the 1964 building of the Queen of the Rosary Chapel at Sinsinawa Mound, Wisconsin; and in the 1980s, the Dominican-led work of INAI, an architectural design and art studio that planned modernist renovations of Dominican motherhouse chapels in Great Bend, Kansas, and Grand Rapids, Michigan. In the latter case, a dialogue with architects around the ideas of Environment and Art in Catholic Worship (1977) helped the congregation embrace new directions in worship. These case studies reveal the intentional ways Dominicans sought to preach with their spaces and return to the core of their charism. The intentionality of these spaces is consistent across the projects, sometimes remarkably so, compared to many twentieth-century American architectural projects, and served the historic mission of Dominican women in the United States.
摘要:20世纪，美国的多米尼加修女们开始了雄心勃勃的建筑项目。在这个过程中，他们试图将自己的魅力融入到他们的事工和社区生活中。在这些建筑项目中，重要的是1922年在伊利诺伊州河森林建造的玫瑰学院;1964年威斯康星州辛西纳瓦丘的玫瑰皇后礼拜堂(Queen of the Rosary Chapel);在20世纪80年代，多米尼加人领导的INAI工作，一个建筑设计和艺术工作室，计划对堪萨斯州大本德和密歇根州大急流城的多米尼加母院教堂进行现代主义改造。在后一种情况下，与建筑师围绕天主教礼拜的环境和艺术理念(1977年)进行对话，帮助会众接受新的礼拜方向。这些案例研究揭示了道明会寻求用他们的空间传教的有意方式，并回归到他们魅力的核心。与许多20世纪的美国建筑项目相比，这些空间的意图在整个项目中是一致的，有时是非常一致的，并且服务于多米尼加妇女在美国的历史使命。
{"title":"Charism in the Cornerstone: Dominican Women and Sacred Space in the Twentieth-Century Midwest","authors":"Christopher M. B. Allison","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the twentieth century, Dominican sisters in the United States embarked on ambitious architectural projects. In the process they sought to inscribe their charism into the fabric of their ministry and community life. Significant among these architectural projects are the 1922 construction of Rosary College in River Forest, Illinois; the 1964 building of the Queen of the Rosary Chapel at Sinsinawa Mound, Wisconsin; and in the 1980s, the Dominican-led work of INAI, an architectural design and art studio that planned modernist renovations of Dominican motherhouse chapels in Great Bend, Kansas, and Grand Rapids, Michigan. In the latter case, a dialogue with architects around the ideas of Environment and Art in Catholic Worship (1977) helped the congregation embrace new directions in worship. These case studies reveal the intentional ways Dominicans sought to preach with their spaces and return to the core of their charism. The intentionality of these spaces is consistent across the projects, sometimes remarkably so, compared to many twentieth-century American architectural projects, and served the historic mission of Dominican women in the United States.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"179 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123671810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Yellow fever visited Memphis, Tennessee, in three unforeseen epidemics during the 1870s, bringing human and civic destruction. One of the epidemics’ untold stories is the Catholic priests and religious who remained to tend to the sick and dying—a heroism that cost forty-five members their lives. Dominican men and women found themselves in the maelstrom, serving a parish, two female academies, and an orphanage in the epidemics’ epicenter. Rather than flee the city, as so many others did, they remained and adapted to the realities of widespread death and suffering, turning academies into hospitals, protecting and even moving orphans under their care, and helping St. Peter’s Church become the focus of sacramental and physical care for the stricken. One Dominican pastor survived all three epidemics—and kept a diary of the event as it unfolded, accompanied throughout by an intrepid African-American maintenance man. The story of Catholic religious, and Dominicans in particular, in the yellow fever years has been largely untold or, still worse, ignored. Recognition of their work and sacrifices offers a more complete understanding of the “American plague.”
{"title":"Dominicans in the American Plague: Catholic Ministry During the Yellow Fever Epidemics in Memphis, Tennessee, 1873–1879","authors":"J. Vidmar","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Yellow fever visited Memphis, Tennessee, in three unforeseen epidemics during the 1870s, bringing human and civic destruction. One of the epidemics’ untold stories is the Catholic priests and religious who remained to tend to the sick and dying—a heroism that cost forty-five members their lives. Dominican men and women found themselves in the maelstrom, serving a parish, two female academies, and an orphanage in the epidemics’ epicenter. Rather than flee the city, as so many others did, they remained and adapted to the realities of widespread death and suffering, turning academies into hospitals, protecting and even moving orphans under their care, and helping St. Peter’s Church become the focus of sacramental and physical care for the stricken. One Dominican pastor survived all three epidemics—and kept a diary of the event as it unfolded, accompanied throughout by an intrepid African-American maintenance man. The story of Catholic religious, and Dominicans in particular, in the yellow fever years has been largely untold or, still worse, ignored. Recognition of their work and sacrifices offers a more complete understanding of the “American plague.”","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126714858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In the 1930s, Sister Mary Ellen O’Hanlon, O.P. (1882–1961), a Dominican Sister of Sinsinawa, Wisconsin, combined scientific and religious reasons in combating racism and anti-Semitism. A nationally recognized biologist, botanist, and college professor, she was awakened to the problem of “caste,” leading her to author two important works: Racial Myths (1946) and The Heresy of Race (1950). Late in her life, she wrote an autobiography titled “Three Careers,” in which she detailed the complex routes that led to her religious vocation, scientific studies, publications, and lectures and—most significantly to her— confronting caste in all its forms.
摘要:20世纪30年代，威斯康辛州辛西纳瓦的多米尼加修女玛丽·艾伦·奥汉隆(Mary Ellen O 'Hanlon, O.P.， 1882-1961)将科学与宗教结合起来，反对种族主义和反犹主义。作为全国公认的生物学家、植物学家和大学教授，她对“种姓”问题的认识使她写出了两部重要的作品:《种族神话》(1946)和《种族异端》(1950)。在她生命的后期，她写了一本名为《三种职业》的自传，在这本自传中，她详细描述了通往她的宗教信仰、科学研究、出版物和演讲的复杂道路，对她来说最重要的是，她面对各种形式的种姓。
{"title":"A Dominican Sister Confronts Caste: The Racial Justice Awakenings of Sister Mary Ellen O’Hanlon, O.P.","authors":"M. Paynter","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the 1930s, Sister Mary Ellen O’Hanlon, O.P. (1882–1961), a Dominican Sister of Sinsinawa, Wisconsin, combined scientific and religious reasons in combating racism and anti-Semitism. A nationally recognized biologist, botanist, and college professor, she was awakened to the problem of “caste,” leading her to author two important works: Racial Myths (1946) and The Heresy of Race (1950). Late in her life, she wrote an autobiography titled “Three Careers,” in which she detailed the complex routes that led to her religious vocation, scientific studies, publications, and lectures and—most significantly to her— confronting caste in all its forms.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128369210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:For over thirty years, the National Federation of Catholic College Students (NFCCS), an affiliate of the International Movement of Catholic Students (IMCS-Pax Romana), offered students at U.S. Catholic colleges and universities both a vision of an active student apostolate and a vehicle for exercising apostolic agency. As an organization in the tradition of specialized Catholic Action, the NFCCS promoted activity by students in their own milieu. This included forming representative student governments, promoting social and interracial justice, developing national and international structures to address student concerns, and mobilizing over $500,000 to aid fellow students displaced by World War II. This article examines the federation’s work from its foundation in 1937 to 1950, the halfway point in its organizational life. Mid-century began a new chapter of mobilization, particularly as the student generation that the Second World War directly shaped completed their studies and their time with the organization.
{"title":"Operation University: The Formation of the National Federation of Catholic College Students, 1937–1950","authors":"K. Ahern","doi":"10.1353/cht.2022.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2022.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:For over thirty years, the National Federation of Catholic College Students (NFCCS), an affiliate of the International Movement of Catholic Students (IMCS-Pax Romana), offered students at U.S. Catholic colleges and universities both a vision of an active student apostolate and a vehicle for exercising apostolic agency. As an organization in the tradition of specialized Catholic Action, the NFCCS promoted activity by students in their own milieu. This included forming representative student governments, promoting social and interracial justice, developing national and international structures to address student concerns, and mobilizing over $500,000 to aid fellow students displaced by World War II. This article examines the federation’s work from its foundation in 1937 to 1950, the halfway point in its organizational life. Mid-century began a new chapter of mobilization, particularly as the student generation that the Second World War directly shaped completed their studies and their time with the organization.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121995337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：