Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000590
T. Glushkova, S. Stoyanov, I. Popchev
Cyber-Physical-Social Spaces (CPSS) and Internet of Things (IoT), two closely related concepts provide new yet unknown opportunities to support disabled people through information and communication technologies. This paper presents an IoT reference architecture known as Virtual Physical Space (ViPS) designed to support the mobility of people with disabilities. Furthermore, a modeling component, known as AmbiNet and hosted in ViPS, is described in more detail. The AmbiNet supports presentation of spatial aspects of physical “things” to be virtualized in an Internet of Things application. In AmbiNet, the “things” of interest are modeled as a network of interacting ambients. The environment is implemented on the top of the Calculus of Context-aware Ambients (CCA). The ambientoriented modeling in AmbiNet is demonstrated by an example.
{"title":"Internet of Things Platform Supporting Mobility of Disabled Learners","authors":"T. Glushkova, S. Stoyanov, I. Popchev","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000590","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber-Physical-Social Spaces (CPSS) and Internet of Things (IoT), two closely related concepts provide new yet unknown opportunities to support disabled people through information and communication technologies. This paper presents an IoT reference architecture known as Virtual Physical Space (ViPS) designed to support the mobility of people with disabilities. Furthermore, a modeling component, known as AmbiNet and hosted in ViPS, is described in more detail. The AmbiNet supports presentation of spatial aspects of physical “things” to be virtualized in an Internet of Things application. In AmbiNet, the “things” of interest are modeled as a network of interacting ambients. The environment is implemented on the top of the Calculus of Context-aware Ambients (CCA). The ambientoriented modeling in AmbiNet is demonstrated by an example.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42702479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000719
Xinfeng Sun, Y. Xiong, Peng Su, Pengfu Zhu, Mingming Niu, Dongliang Zhou
This paper attempts to overcome the inefficiency of covariance model (CM) in the search for non-coding sequence. For this purpose, the members of non-coding RNA family were compared and the CM of the family was discussed in details. Next, the CM was improved for structural units in the secondary structure, through the addition of the upper and lower limits on subsequence length. Based on the length distribution of each structural unit, the improved model limits the number of insertions and deletions during the evolution of sequences in the same family. After that, the author put forward a novel non-coding RNA sequence alignment algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the computing time of non-coding RNA sequence comparison.
{"title":"A Non-coding RNA Sequence Alignment Algorithm Based on Improved Covariance Model","authors":"Xinfeng Sun, Y. Xiong, Peng Su, Pengfu Zhu, Mingming Niu, Dongliang Zhou","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000719","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to overcome the inefficiency of covariance model (CM) in the search for non-coding sequence. For this purpose, the members of non-coding RNA family were compared and the CM of the family was discussed in details. Next, the CM was improved for structural units in the secondary structure, through the addition of the upper and lower limits on subsequence length. Based on the length distribution of each structural unit, the improved model limits the number of insertions and deletions during the evolution of sequences in the same family. After that, the author put forward a novel non-coding RNA sequence alignment algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the computing time of non-coding RNA sequence comparison.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46987862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000504
S. Priyadarshini, S. K. Pradhan, P. Ray
Bacterial isolates especially the Bacillus strains have gained an edge over other organisms across the globe. Enzymes derived from alkaliphilic Bacillus make up about half of the total industrial enzyme market. Detergents, textiles, starch, baking and animal feed are the major industries which utmost produce and use enzymes. Alkaline α amylases are among the most important enzymes and are of great significance for biotechnology. In the present investigation, one alkalitolerant bacterial isolate coded RM2 was characterized by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing due to its ability to produce alkaline amylase at pH 8.0. The amplified consensus 16S rRNA gene sequence (RM2) was further searched against nucleotide database using Blast program to find out its potential homologs. Twelve closest bacterial spp. were identified and the phylogenetic analysis revealed the target bacteria (RM2) isolate belong to genus Bacillus. RM2 has shown relatedness to Bacillus flexus strain IFO15715 in sequence based divergence study whereas secondary structure of 16S r-RNA of Bacillus sp. strain SPRM2 did not show any relatedness to Bacillus flexus strain IFO15715 even though they shared sequence based similarity.
{"title":"The Secondary Structural Models (16S rRNA) of Alkaline Amylase Producing Bacillus species strain SP-RM2: Phylogenetics Analysis","authors":"S. Priyadarshini, S. K. Pradhan, P. Ray","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000504","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial isolates especially the Bacillus strains have gained an edge over other organisms across the globe. Enzymes derived from alkaliphilic Bacillus make up about half of the total industrial enzyme market. Detergents, textiles, starch, baking and animal feed are the major industries which utmost produce and use enzymes. Alkaline α amylases are among the most important enzymes and are of great significance for biotechnology. In the present investigation, one alkalitolerant bacterial isolate coded RM2 was characterized by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing due to its ability to produce alkaline amylase at pH 8.0. The amplified consensus 16S rRNA gene sequence (RM2) was further searched against nucleotide database using Blast program to find out its potential homologs. Twelve closest bacterial spp. were identified and the phylogenetic analysis revealed the target bacteria (RM2) isolate belong to genus Bacillus. RM2 has shown relatedness to Bacillus flexus strain IFO15715 in sequence based divergence study whereas secondary structure of 16S r-RNA of Bacillus sp. strain SPRM2 did not show any relatedness to Bacillus flexus strain IFO15715 even though they shared sequence based similarity.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46226645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000524
N. Zaekov, L. Petrov, Krassimir Rankov, M. Nikolova, R. Makaveev, N. Nikolov
Aim of the study was to determine physical activity’s part of daily energy expenditure by heart rate monitoring and using data to control athletes’ nutritional intake. Group of 10 male and 4 female wrestlers (age = 21 ± 1.8) at national level, who train 15 hours per week served as subjects in this investigation. The 72-hour HR recording was performed with a TEMEO cardiotelemetric system (made in Bulgaria). The energy expenditure during physical activity is determined by Method 1 of Hiilloskorpi et al. (2003). The determined daily energy expenditure is compared to the theoretically calculated. The deference is less than 100 kcal, but if subjects change the intensity, volume or duration of the workouts or increase their number, the difference will be much more evident.
{"title":"Determining Energy Expenditure from Heart Rate Monitoring during Training Sessions at Bulgarian Wrestlers","authors":"N. Zaekov, L. Petrov, Krassimir Rankov, M. Nikolova, R. Makaveev, N. Nikolov","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000524","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study was to determine physical activity’s part of daily energy expenditure by heart rate monitoring and using data to control athletes’ nutritional intake. Group of 10 male and 4 female wrestlers (age = 21 ± 1.8) at national level, who train 15 hours per week served as subjects in this investigation. The 72-hour HR recording was performed with a TEMEO cardiotelemetric system (made in Bulgaria). The energy expenditure during physical activity is determined by Method 1 of Hiilloskorpi et al. (2003). The determined daily energy expenditure is compared to the theoretically calculated. The deference is less than 100 kcal, but if subjects change the intensity, volume or duration of the workouts or increase their number, the difference will be much more evident.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000627
Zihai Xu, Lei Tong, Yuan Fang, Chaomin Chen
By applying kilovolt (KV) level computerized tomography (CT) in Image-Guided Radiation Therapy system (IGRT) – CTVision, setup errors of postoperative breast cancer patients after breast bracket with thermoplastic molding in precise radiotherapy is studied, advantages and disadvantages of manual osseous registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are compared, it is verified that breast bracket with thermoplastic phantom is the best fixing mode for postoperative breast cancer patients and then clinically possible extended value of CTV (Clinical Target Volume) and PRV (Planning Organ at Risk Volume) are discussed. Materials and methods: Siemens CTVision image-guided system is adopted for 10 cases of postoperative breast cancer patients, including 7 patients with modified radical mastectomy and 3 breast-conserving surgery patients which is using breast bracket with thermoplastic molding and scaned by Large aperture CT of CTVision image-guided system. Image guidance is respectively conducted 3 continuous times three days before treatment and once weekly during treatment, osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are conducted for verification image and planned image of postoperative breast cancer patients, setup error data of two different registration modes is measured, displacement error difference in direction of horizontal (X-axis), vertical (Y-axis) and longitudinal (Z-axis) is analyzed, and error effect on CTV and PRV extended boundary is explored. Results: 10 cases of postoperative breast cancer patients received 80 scans, average displacement errors in horizontal (X-axis) direction of osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed region registration are 0.7 ± 2.4 mm and -1.3 ± 5.6 mm respectively; displacement errors in vertical (Y-axis) direction are 0.5 ± 2.6 mm and -0.3 ± 4.4 mm respectively; displacement errors in longitudinal (Z-axis) direction are 0.7 ± 1.1 mm and 1.9 ± 2.0 mm respectively. Extended boundary of CTV of osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are 4.79 mm and 13.62 mm, 5.81 mm and 8.52 mm, 1.46 mm and 3.71 mm respectively in X-, Y-, Z-axis direction; extended boundary of organs at risk (PRV) are 2.62 mm and 7.28 mm, 3.13 mm and 4.50 mm, 0.80 mm and 2.04 mm respectively in X-, Y-, Z-axis direction. Re-setup or online mobile treatment couch calibration is conducted for the above osseous manual registration displacement error value over 5 mm in three-dimensional direction, and corrected INT. J. BIOAUTOMATION, 2019, 23(3), 369-386 doi: 10.7546/ijba.2019.23.3.000627 370 displacement errors in X, Y, and Z directions are lower than those before correction, with resetup or online correction rate at 3.8%. Discussion: (1) Setup error of intensity modulated radiotherapy of postoperative breast cancer patients with large aperture CT scan imaging of CTVsion image guided radiation therapy system is within an acceptable range, osseous manual registration is superior
{"title":"Clinical Application of CTVision Images-guided Precise Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients with Postoperative","authors":"Zihai Xu, Lei Tong, Yuan Fang, Chaomin Chen","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000627","url":null,"abstract":"By applying kilovolt (KV) level computerized tomography (CT) in Image-Guided Radiation Therapy system (IGRT) – CTVision, setup errors of postoperative breast cancer patients after breast bracket with thermoplastic molding in precise radiotherapy is studied, advantages and disadvantages of manual osseous registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are compared, it is verified that breast bracket with thermoplastic phantom is the best fixing mode for postoperative breast cancer patients and then clinically possible extended value of CTV (Clinical Target Volume) and PRV (Planning Organ at Risk Volume) are discussed. Materials and methods: Siemens CTVision image-guided system is adopted for 10 cases of postoperative breast cancer patients, including 7 patients with modified radical mastectomy and 3 breast-conserving surgery patients which is using breast bracket with thermoplastic molding and scaned by Large aperture CT of CTVision image-guided system. Image guidance is respectively conducted 3 continuous times three days before treatment and once weekly during treatment, osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are conducted for verification image and planned image of postoperative breast cancer patients, setup error data of two different registration modes is measured, displacement error difference in direction of horizontal (X-axis), vertical (Y-axis) and longitudinal (Z-axis) is analyzed, and error effect on CTV and PRV extended boundary is explored. Results: 10 cases of postoperative breast cancer patients received 80 scans, average displacement errors in horizontal (X-axis) direction of osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed region registration are 0.7 ± 2.4 mm and -1.3 ± 5.6 mm respectively; displacement errors in vertical (Y-axis) direction are 0.5 ± 2.6 mm and -0.3 ± 4.4 mm respectively; displacement errors in longitudinal (Z-axis) direction are 0.7 ± 1.1 mm and 1.9 ± 2.0 mm respectively. Extended boundary of CTV of osseous manual registration and skin tag tumor bed area registration are 4.79 mm and 13.62 mm, 5.81 mm and 8.52 mm, 1.46 mm and 3.71 mm respectively in X-, Y-, Z-axis direction; extended boundary of organs at risk (PRV) are 2.62 mm and 7.28 mm, 3.13 mm and 4.50 mm, 0.80 mm and 2.04 mm respectively in X-, Y-, Z-axis direction. Re-setup or online mobile treatment couch calibration is conducted for the above osseous manual registration displacement error value over 5 mm in three-dimensional direction, and corrected INT. J. BIOAUTOMATION, 2019, 23(3), 369-386 doi: 10.7546/ijba.2019.23.3.000627 370 displacement errors in X, Y, and Z directions are lower than those before correction, with resetup or online correction rate at 3.8%. Discussion: (1) Setup error of intensity modulated radiotherapy of postoperative breast cancer patients with large aperture CT scan imaging of CTVsion image guided radiation therapy system is within an acceptable range, osseous manual registration is superior ","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000545
Shpend Ismaili, S. Fidanova
Modeling of behavior of social system is of high importance. It is very complex and is difficult to predict the conflicts which can arise between the different agents in the system. The behavior of an individual is changed during the time according the behavior of other individuals. There is interaction between individuals themselves and individuals and environment and all they need to be taken in to account. The social system can be represented as a multi-agent system with various types of participants. In this paper we model conflict situations during a protest applying game theory and evolutionary algorithm.
{"title":"Application of Game Theory and Evolutionary Algorithms in Solving Conflicts in Social Systems","authors":"Shpend Ismaili, S. Fidanova","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000545","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling of behavior of social system is of high importance. It is very complex and is difficult to predict the conflicts which can arise between the different agents in the system. The behavior of an individual is changed during the time according the behavior of other individuals. There is interaction between individuals themselves and individuals and environment and all they need to be taken in to account. The social system can be represented as a multi-agent system with various types of participants. In this paper we model conflict situations during a protest applying game theory and evolutionary algorithm.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43562176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000500
Akash Kumar Bhoi, K. Sherpa, B. Khandelwal
Filtering noises/artifacts from the electrocardiogram (ECG) can sustain the efficient clinical decision making. Comparative analysis of several filtering techniques is proposed: two adaptive noise cancellation techniques, Least Mean Square (LMS), Recursive Least Square (RLS); Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing filter and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). These methods are implemented on 60 Hz Power-Line Interference (PLI), ECG signals of FANTASIA database and MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Here, Short-Term Fourier Transforms (STFT) and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is introduced as a graphical tool to measure the noise level in the filtered ECG signals and also to validate the filtering performances of the proposed techniques. Statistical evaluation is also performed calculating the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Peak to Peak Amplitude (P2P) change before and after filtering of the ECG signals. The graphical results (frequency domain analysis using STFT and CWT) and statistical observation suggest that the noise cancellation performance of DWT is better, over other techniques.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Filters for Cancellation of Power-line-interference of ECG Signal","authors":"Akash Kumar Bhoi, K. Sherpa, B. Khandelwal","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000500","url":null,"abstract":"Filtering noises/artifacts from the electrocardiogram (ECG) can sustain the efficient clinical decision making. Comparative analysis of several filtering techniques is proposed: two adaptive noise cancellation techniques, Least Mean Square (LMS), Recursive Least Square (RLS); Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing filter and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). These methods are implemented on 60 Hz Power-Line Interference (PLI), ECG signals of FANTASIA database and MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Here, Short-Term Fourier Transforms (STFT) and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is introduced as a graphical tool to measure the noise level in the filtered ECG signals and also to validate the filtering performances of the proposed techniques. Statistical evaluation is also performed calculating the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Peak to Peak Amplitude (P2P) change before and after filtering of the ECG signals. The graphical results (frequency domain analysis using STFT and CWT) and statistical observation suggest that the noise cancellation performance of DWT is better, over other techniques.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":"48 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000709
A. Antonov
In this paper an investigation of the relationships and correlations between the 11 indicators of physical fitness, the level of which has a leading role in the sports training of 10-12-year-old hockey players. The obtained results show that there is a tendency of a slight increase of the existing correlations from weak to moderate, moderate to significant, and from significant to strong in the first year of the experiment (age 10-11). Such correlation was also observed in the second year (age 11-12) when even very strong correlations were found between 4 indicators for boys and 3 for girls.
{"title":"Analysis and Detection of the Degrees and Direction of Correlations between Key Indicators of Physical Fitness of 10-12-year-old Hockey Players","authors":"A. Antonov","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000709","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an investigation of the relationships and correlations between the 11 indicators of physical fitness, the level of which has a leading role in the sports training of 10-12-year-old hockey players. The obtained results show that there is a tendency of a slight increase of the existing correlations from weak to moderate, moderate to significant, and from significant to strong in the first year of the experiment (age 10-11). Such correlation was also observed in the second year (age 11-12) when even very strong correlations were found between 4 indicators for boys and 3 for girls.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41359766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000673
R. Raikova, S. Angelova, I. Veneva, I. Christov
The choice of suitable human surface muscles and of their electromyographic (EMG) signal processing have always been a challenge, especially when technical devices are to be controlled by these signals. Experiments with six healthy volunteers were performed with a NORAXON measuring and processing system. EMG signals from 8 muscles of the upper right arm performing the main motions in the shoulder and elbow joints were registered and processed. Four angles in the joints were also registered. Six motor tasks were performed, without and with an exoskeleton with four degrees of freedom. Since the EMG signal of the muscle pectoralis major was contaminated by noise coming from the electrical activity of the heart, first this signal was filtered using recently developed dynamic filter. Normalization according to maximal isometric tasks was performed after filtration. Rectification and smoothing ensured a suitable signal for proportional control of the exoskeleton. On/off control was simulated by setting different constants for maximal EMG amplitude levels.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Electromyographic Activities of Upper Limb Muscles without and with a Passive Exoskeleton with Four Degrees of Freedoms","authors":"R. Raikova, S. Angelova, I. Veneva, I. Christov","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.3.000673","url":null,"abstract":"The choice of suitable human surface muscles and of their electromyographic (EMG) signal processing have always been a challenge, especially when technical devices are to be controlled by these signals. Experiments with six healthy volunteers were performed with a NORAXON measuring and processing system. EMG signals from 8 muscles of the upper right arm performing the main motions in the shoulder and elbow joints were registered and processed. Four angles in the joints were also registered. Six motor tasks were performed, without and with an exoskeleton with four degrees of freedom. Since the EMG signal of the muscle pectoralis major was contaminated by noise coming from the electrical activity of the heart, first this signal was filtered using recently developed dynamic filter. Normalization according to maximal isometric tasks was performed after filtration. Rectification and smoothing ensured a suitable signal for proportional control of the exoskeleton. On/off control was simulated by setting different constants for maximal EMG amplitude levels.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49232955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.2.000678
Chao Liu
The intracellular acidic polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta mycelium produced by submerged fermentation is extracted and separated. In the process of extracting the polysaccharide by the high voltage pulsed electric field (HVPEF), heat is not generated and the structure of the polysaccharide is not destroyed. The response surface method is used to investigate the electric field intensity, the pulse number and the liquid-to-material ratio. The optimum extraction process of the acidic polysaccharide is obtained as follows: the electric field intensity is 18 kV/cm, the pulse number is 7 and the liquid-to-material ratio is 27 mL/g. At this time, the polysaccharide yield reaches a maximum value of 56.03 μg/mL. The crude polysaccharide is separated and purified by using DEAE-52 cellulose ion exchange column and Sephadex G-100 to obtain an acidic polysaccharide F1 with high purity. The molecular weight is 1.9895×10 Da. Its functional and structural characteristics need to be further studied.
{"title":"Extraction, Separation and Purification of Acidic Polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta by High Voltage Pulsed Electric Field","authors":"Chao Liu","doi":"10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.2.000678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/IJBA.2019.23.2.000678","url":null,"abstract":"The intracellular acidic polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta mycelium produced by submerged fermentation is extracted and separated. In the process of extracting the polysaccharide by the high voltage pulsed electric field (HVPEF), heat is not generated and the structure of the polysaccharide is not destroyed. The response surface method is used to investigate the electric field intensity, the pulse number and the liquid-to-material ratio. The optimum extraction process of the acidic polysaccharide is obtained as follows: the electric field intensity is 18 kV/cm, the pulse number is 7 and the liquid-to-material ratio is 27 mL/g. At this time, the polysaccharide yield reaches a maximum value of 56.03 μg/mL. The crude polysaccharide is separated and purified by using DEAE-52 cellulose ion exchange column and Sephadex G-100 to obtain an acidic polysaccharide F1 with high purity. The molecular weight is 1.9895×10 Da. Its functional and structural characteristics need to be further studied.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43636205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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