To improve the accuracy of electrocardiography (ECG) signal classification and identify abnormal heart rhythms, an arrhythmia classification algorithm based on adaptive refined composite multiscale fluctuation dispersion entropy (ARCMFDE) is proposed. First, an improved QRS complex detection algorithm named the improved Pan-Tompkins algorithm (IPTA) is used. The QRS wave is detected, and the waveform is further processed; then, the signal is decomposed into multiple modal components using variational mode decomposition with the optimized number of decomposition layers (K). Subsequently, the RCMFDE is extracted from the different modal components as a classification feature. Finally, differential evolution (DE) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) are combined to form the hybrid differential evolution-grey wolf pack optimization (DE-GWO) algorithm to optimize the penalty factor c and the kernel function parameter g of the support vector machine for performing pattern recognition. Experimental results show that compared with other methods such as variational mode decomposition (VMD), fluctuation dispersion entropy (FDE), genetic algorithms (GA), and support vector machine (SVM). The proposed classification model has superior performance, with an average accuracy of 96.1%, a sensitivity of 95.9%, and a specificity of 98.7% for four types of heart rhythm recognition. Thus, accurate classification of ECG signals can be achieved using the proposed ARCMFDE-based DE-GWO method.
{"title":"Arrhythmia Classification Based on Adaptive Refined Composite Multiscale Fluctuation Dispersion Entropy","authors":"Changsheng Zhang, Xin Ding, Changping Tian, Wei Peng","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000895","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the accuracy of electrocardiography (ECG) signal classification and identify abnormal heart rhythms, an arrhythmia classification algorithm based on adaptive refined composite multiscale fluctuation dispersion entropy (ARCMFDE) is proposed. First, an improved QRS complex detection algorithm named the improved Pan-Tompkins algorithm (IPTA) is used. The QRS wave is detected, and the waveform is further processed; then, the signal is decomposed into multiple modal components using variational mode decomposition with the optimized number of decomposition layers (K). Subsequently, the RCMFDE is extracted from the different modal components as a classification feature. Finally, differential evolution (DE) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) are combined to form the hybrid differential evolution-grey wolf pack optimization (DE-GWO) algorithm to optimize the penalty factor c and the kernel function parameter g of the support vector machine for performing pattern recognition. Experimental results show that compared with other methods such as variational mode decomposition (VMD), fluctuation dispersion entropy (FDE), genetic algorithms (GA), and support vector machine (SVM). The proposed classification model has superior performance, with an average accuracy of 96.1%, a sensitivity of 95.9%, and a specificity of 98.7% for four types of heart rhythm recognition. Thus, accurate classification of ECG signals can be achieved using the proposed ARCMFDE-based DE-GWO method.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135589083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000904
Manish Kumar Pandey, Dharmendra Kumar Gangeshwer
The main problem that healthcare workers face in many hospitals is how long it takes patients to receive services. This tendency is becoming more prevalent, posing a threat to healthcare services. The repercussions of keeping people in a long line for medical care can result in a variety of issues, including death. The many server queuing models were utilized to examine the government hospital's service efficiency in this study. Over two weeks, primary data was collected at the hospital using observation and questionnaire methods to find the queuing model that minimizes patient waiting time. The findings revealed that most of the patients were dissatisfied with the hospital's queue management tactics.
{"title":"Application of Queuing Theory to Analysis of Waiting Time in the Hospital","authors":"Manish Kumar Pandey, Dharmendra Kumar Gangeshwer","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000904","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem that healthcare workers face in many hospitals is how long it takes patients to receive services. This tendency is becoming more prevalent, posing a threat to healthcare services. The repercussions of keeping people in a long line for medical care can result in a variety of issues, including death. The many server queuing models were utilized to examine the government hospital's service efficiency in this study. Over two weeks, primary data was collected at the hospital using observation and questionnaire methods to find the queuing model that minimizes patient waiting time. The findings revealed that most of the patients were dissatisfied with the hospital's queue management tactics.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135589040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new adaptive linearizing control algorithm that stabilizes the carbon source concentration in a desired value is proposed. This algorithm is applied to recombinant protein production by Escherichia coli. A model for control of the investigated process is derived. The model identification is made based on experimental data of the batch phase of the process. The operating model includes two sub-models. Each of them describes one of the two physiological states through which the process passes. Switching from one model to another depends on the sign of a key parameter obtained from the acetate measurements. A cascade scheme of software sensors for the estimation of two biomass growth rates included in the structure of the proposed control algorithm is derived. Simulation studies of the developed closed system have been carried out. The results of the impact of an open-loop control system on the same object are compared.
{"title":"Adaptive Fed-batch Control of Escherichia coli Fermentation for Protein Production","authors":"Velislava Lyubenova, Anastasiya Zlatkova, Maya Ignatova","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.3.000930","url":null,"abstract":"A new adaptive linearizing control algorithm that stabilizes the carbon source concentration in a desired value is proposed. This algorithm is applied to recombinant protein production by Escherichia coli. A model for control of the investigated process is derived. The model identification is made based on experimental data of the batch phase of the process. The operating model includes two sub-models. Each of them describes one of the two physiological states through which the process passes. Switching from one model to another depends on the sign of a key parameter obtained from the acetate measurements. A cascade scheme of software sensors for the estimation of two biomass growth rates included in the structure of the proposed control algorithm is derived. Simulation studies of the developed closed system have been carried out. The results of the impact of an open-loop control system on the same object are compared.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135589082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000900
P. Iliev, V. Djeliova, E. Angelova, Bogdan Mirchev, Atanas Hristov, M. Mileva, M. Georgieva, Kamen Peev, N. Krastev, Dimo Krastev Krastev, Аleksandar Apostolov
In this work, we report a rare allele 29 at locus D2S1338, established during routine forensic practice in a case of first-degree kinship (parenthood). This rare allele variant 29 at locus D2S1338, to the best of our knowledge, is reported for the first time for the Bulgarian population. So far it has not been registered in studies of allele frequencies in the same locus for 20 population groups in Europe and Asia. The presentation of similar genotyping findings relating to rare/unexpected population genetic variation is very important for the examination and documentation of such anomalies. The analysis has been performed for 16 STR loci: D2S1338, SE33, D16S539, D18S51, TH01, D12S391, D3S1358, FGA, vWA, D21S11, D1S1656, D2S441, D8S1179, D19S433, D22S1045, D10S1248 and 2 sex determination systems – Amelogenin and Y indel, set in NGM DetectTM PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems). The use of allelic witnesses in the diagnostic practice is mandatory in the standard fragment DNA analysis. The allelic witness contains well-known preset alleles for the examined locus. Establishing alleles that are outside the factory preset is of importance for broadening the scope of the witness and heightening the accuracy of the analysis. Rare allelic variants significantly increase the strength of discrimination when DNA profiles are compared. In this regard, it is important to report any new information about the emergence of rare allele variants detected in a particular population group.
{"title":"Rare Allele 29 at Locus D2S1338 Observed During Routine Casework in Bulgarian Population","authors":"P. Iliev, V. Djeliova, E. Angelova, Bogdan Mirchev, Atanas Hristov, M. Mileva, M. Georgieva, Kamen Peev, N. Krastev, Dimo Krastev Krastev, Аleksandar Apostolov","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000900","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we report a rare allele 29 at locus D2S1338, established during routine forensic practice in a case of first-degree kinship (parenthood). This rare allele variant 29 at locus D2S1338, to the best of our knowledge, is reported for the first time for the Bulgarian population. So far it has not been registered in studies of allele frequencies in the same locus for 20 population groups in Europe and Asia. The presentation of similar genotyping findings relating to rare/unexpected population genetic variation is very important for the examination and documentation of such anomalies. The analysis has been performed for 16 STR loci: D2S1338, SE33, D16S539, D18S51, TH01, D12S391, D3S1358, FGA, vWA, D21S11, D1S1656, D2S441, D8S1179, D19S433, D22S1045, D10S1248 and 2 sex determination systems – Amelogenin and Y indel, set in NGM DetectTM PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems). The use of allelic witnesses in the diagnostic practice is mandatory in the standard fragment DNA analysis. The allelic witness contains well-known preset alleles for the examined locus. Establishing alleles that are outside the factory preset is of importance for broadening the scope of the witness and heightening the accuracy of the analysis. Rare allelic variants significantly increase the strength of discrimination when DNA profiles are compared. In this regard, it is important to report any new information about the emergence of rare allele variants detected in a particular population group.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44434703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000903
M. Pandey, D. K. Gangeshwer
The “Horizontal Y” shaped queuing model in which there is bulk infinite arrival of patients, but available M services are limited. The discrete flow of patients in the system is reduced in continuous flow and a diffusion equation is used. In terms of means and variances of inter-arrival time distribution, this process of the number of patients and the number of servers is used, imposing reflecting boundaries. The inspiration for this analysis came from Aradhye and Kallurkar [2], and Armony [3], who explained that hospitals are complex systems whose problems can be resolved utilizing queuing theory. The present paper deals with a double-ended queue in which patients wait in a queue for services. The discrete distribution equations for queue size with various cases have been derived. Finally, the expected length of the queue, i.e., LC and the expected finite server, i.e., LS have been derived.
{"title":"An Analysis of the “Horizontal Y” Shaped Queuing Model to Assist in Health Care Institution","authors":"M. Pandey, D. K. Gangeshwer","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000903","url":null,"abstract":"The “Horizontal Y” shaped queuing model in which there is bulk infinite arrival of patients, but available M services are limited. The discrete flow of patients in the system is reduced in continuous flow and a diffusion equation is used. In terms of means and variances of inter-arrival time distribution, this process of the number of patients and the number of servers is used, imposing reflecting boundaries. The inspiration for this analysis came from Aradhye and Kallurkar [2], and Armony [3], who explained that hospitals are complex systems whose problems can be resolved utilizing queuing theory. The present paper deals with a double-ended queue in which patients wait in a queue for services. The discrete distribution equations for queue size with various cases have been derived. Finally, the expected length of the queue, i.e., LC and the expected finite server, i.e., LS have been derived.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41243532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000926
L. Todorova, J. Surchev, Alexander Marazov
The purpose of the present research is to perform a retrospective analysis of 242 ventricular shunts implanted in childhood due to infantile hydrocephalus, submitted to a long-term follow-up (27.84 ± 6.13 years) and investigate the factors influencing the survival of the shunt, applying modern mathematical approaches. The contingent consists of 242 patients who were shunted due to infantile hydrocephalus in childhood, 55% of whom were under 6 months old when the shunt was implanted. For the entire follow-up period, patients underwent 375 revisions (average 1.55 revisions per shunt), 38% are without shunt failure, with only one revision – 26%, with two – 14%. The remaining 22% have 3 or more revisions (4.58 shunt revisions) and they make 65% of all revisions. 68.5% of all revisions are due to mechanical complications; to functional (inadequate drainage) – 7.5%. 9.1% of the patients had inflammatory complications. We found that the age at shunting (under 3 months – the worst trend) and the interval to the first revision (over 6 months – a smaller number of revisions) are of the biggest importance for the number of the following revisions. If the patient survives one year after shunting without failure, the risk of such is under 50% during the whole shunt existence.
{"title":"Assessment of the Factors Influencing the Survival of the Ventricular Shunt in Infantile Hydrocephalus","authors":"L. Todorova, J. Surchev, Alexander Marazov","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000926","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present research is to perform a retrospective analysis of 242 ventricular shunts implanted in childhood due to infantile hydrocephalus, submitted to a long-term follow-up (27.84 ± 6.13 years) and investigate the factors influencing the survival of the shunt, applying modern mathematical approaches. The contingent consists of 242 patients who were shunted due to infantile hydrocephalus in childhood, 55% of whom were under 6 months old when the shunt was implanted. For the entire follow-up period, patients underwent 375 revisions (average 1.55 revisions per shunt), 38% are without shunt failure, with only one revision – 26%, with two – 14%. The remaining 22% have 3 or more revisions (4.58 shunt revisions) and they make 65% of all revisions. 68.5% of all revisions are due to mechanical complications; to functional (inadequate drainage) – 7.5%. 9.1% of the patients had inflammatory complications. We found that the age at shunting (under 3 months – the worst trend) and the interval to the first revision (over 6 months – a smaller number of revisions) are of the biggest importance for the number of the following revisions. If the patient survives one year after shunting without failure, the risk of such is under 50% during the whole shunt existence.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46833061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000946
R. Raikova, I. Ivanov, Oleg Hristov, Nikol Markova, L. Trenev, S. Angelova
The aim of this paper was to investigate in detail the biomechanics of the knee during different static loadings on the spine using electromyographic (EMG) signals from six main surface muscles acting in the knee joint; three components of the ground reaction force measured by a force plate; knee flexion joint angle measured by a flexible goniometer; and the distances between the bones (femur and tibia) forming the knee joint measured by an echograph. The measurements were taken without weight (reference straight position) and with a weight of 2, 5, 10, 15, 17, and 20 kg placed in a rucksack on the spine. The results showed that the forces in the horizontal and sagittal planes were negligible, and the reaction in the frontal plane increased and was linearly dependent on the carrying weight. The distance between bones decreased linearly with increasing weight for all participants from 3.94% to 53.92% from the referent position. The knee angle varied and in many cases decreased with increasing weight. The calculated correlation coefficients between mean EMG signals and loading weight showed that the adjustment of different subjects’ musculature to increasing load is individual. In general, knee joint balance is a dynamic individual process.
{"title":"Detailed Investigation of Knee Biomechanics during Posture Maintenance while Applying Different Static Loadings on the Spine","authors":"R. Raikova, I. Ivanov, Oleg Hristov, Nikol Markova, L. Trenev, S. Angelova","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.2.000946","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to investigate in detail the biomechanics of the knee during different static loadings on the spine using electromyographic (EMG) signals from six main surface muscles acting in the knee joint; three components of the ground reaction force measured by a force plate; knee flexion joint angle measured by a flexible goniometer; and the distances between the bones (femur and tibia) forming the knee joint measured by an echograph. The measurements were taken without weight (reference straight position) and with a weight of 2, 5, 10, 15, 17, and 20 kg placed in a rucksack on the spine. The results showed that the forces in the horizontal and sagittal planes were negligible, and the reaction in the frontal plane increased and was linearly dependent on the carrying weight. The distance between bones decreased linearly with increasing weight for all participants from 3.94% to 53.92% from the referent position. The knee angle varied and in many cases decreased with increasing weight. The calculated correlation coefficients between mean EMG signals and loading weight showed that the adjustment of different subjects’ musculature to increasing load is individual. In general, knee joint balance is a dynamic individual process.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44018402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000878
Naufal Arya Pratama, L. Muqmiroh, Amillia Kartika Sari, Widiana Ferriastuti, Falentina Syivasari, Muhaimin, Sidarta Prassetyo, Cong Tien Nguyen, Phan Anh Phuong, V. Luu
Calcified plaque has a major effect on increasing plaque volume which can increase the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The use of Filtered Back Projection (FBP) on CT-scans still has flaws in terms of image quality that can result in errors in the calculation of plaque volume. Intelli IP Advanced is hitachi CT-scan’s Iterative Reconstruction (IR) type and can improve image quality compared to FBP. The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of calcified plaque volume in coronary arteries using FBP and Intelli IP Advanced. This study used 38 samples of coronary artery blood vessels that had calcified plaque and reconstructed using the reconstruction of FBP and Intelli IP Advanced algorithms (Levels 1-3). Plaque calculation is done automatically using aquarius intuition edition application on CT-scan Hitachi SCENARIA 128 Slice. The results in this study found significant differences (p < 0.05) in calcified plaque volume results with the use of FBP and Intelli IP Advanced algorithm reconstruction (Levels 1-3). However, significant differences are found only in algorithm reconstruction pairs (Intelli IP Advanced Level 1 and Level 3) that have a p < 0.05. The conclusion is that IR affects the volume value of calcified plaque.
钙化斑块的主要作用是增加斑块体积，从而增加冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的风险。在ct扫描中使用滤波后投影(FBP)在图像质量方面仍然存在缺陷，可能导致斑块体积计算错误。Intelli IP Advanced是日立ct扫描的迭代重建(IR)类型，与FBP相比，可以改善图像质量。本研究的目的是比较FBP和Intelli IP Advanced对冠状动脉钙化斑块体积的影响。本研究使用38例钙化斑块的冠状动脉血管样本，并使用FBP重建和Intelli IP高级算法(level 1-3)进行重建。斑块计算是自动使用宝瓶直觉版应用程序在ct扫描日立SCENARIA 128切片。本研究结果发现，FBP与Intelli IP Advanced算法重建在钙化斑块体积结果上存在显著差异(p < 0.05) (level 1-3)。然而，只有在算法重构对(Intelli IP Advanced Level 1和Level 3)中发现显著差异，p < 0.05。结论:IR影响钙化斑块的体积值。
{"title":"Comparison of Calcified Plaque Volume in Coronary Arteries using Filtered Back Projection and Intelli IP Advanced at CT-scan 128 Slice","authors":"Naufal Arya Pratama, L. Muqmiroh, Amillia Kartika Sari, Widiana Ferriastuti, Falentina Syivasari, Muhaimin, Sidarta Prassetyo, Cong Tien Nguyen, Phan Anh Phuong, V. Luu","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000878","url":null,"abstract":"Calcified plaque has a major effect on increasing plaque volume which can increase the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The use of Filtered Back Projection (FBP) on CT-scans still has flaws in terms of image quality that can result in errors in the calculation of plaque volume. Intelli IP Advanced is hitachi CT-scan’s Iterative Reconstruction (IR) type and can improve image quality compared to FBP. The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of calcified plaque volume in coronary arteries using FBP and Intelli IP Advanced. This study used 38 samples of coronary artery blood vessels that had calcified plaque and reconstructed using the reconstruction of FBP and Intelli IP Advanced algorithms (Levels 1-3). Plaque calculation is done automatically using aquarius intuition edition application on CT-scan Hitachi SCENARIA 128 Slice. The results in this study found significant differences (p < 0.05) in calcified plaque volume results with the use of FBP and Intelli IP Advanced algorithm reconstruction (Levels 1-3). However, significant differences are found only in algorithm reconstruction pairs (Intelli IP Advanced Level 1 and Level 3) that have a p < 0.05. The conclusion is that IR affects the volume value of calcified plaque.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42340491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000857
Ruwaidah A. Mussttaf, Mayyadah Hasan Rhaif Al-sahlanee, N. S. Dawood, David F L Jenkins, A. Jha
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a form of the use of visible red and Near-infrared (NIR) light at low power, where a laser light photon is absorbed at the electronic level, without heat production. PBM can be applied in wide range of treatment to help the wound, inflammation, edema, and pain reduction. However, there is a lack of scientific documentation regarding its actual effects. Objectives: This study assesses the impact of PBM on the release of M1-related cytokine in monocyte cells with particular emphasis on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α). Methods: Tamm-Horsfall Protein 1 (THP-1) macrophages M1 cells have been exposed to the light from the diode laser of 850nmat different doses (0, 0.6, 1.2 and 3.6 J/cm2). The release of cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, after different periods of incubation (0, 12, 24, and 48 hours) post-irradiation. The proliferation of fibroblast cells suspended in irradiated M1-supernatent was evaluated for the same periods of incubation. Results: The results showed that PBM significantly enhanced M1-related cytokine release (p < 0.05). Obviously, IL-1β increased post-irradiation at 1.2 J/cm2 more than other doses for all incubation periods. TNF-α was decreased significantly after two days of irradiation (p < 0.005) for all doses. A significant increase in fibroblast proliferation (p < 0.005) was observed concomitant with the boost of cytokine release. Conclusion: This in vitro study has demonstrated that the PBM of the 850 nm diode laser therapy can enhance M1-related cytokine release, which in turn increases the proliferation of fibroblast cells. Moreover, PBM at 850 nm plays an anti-inflammatory role, which manifested by decreasing the level of TNF-α. Therefore, this therapy may be able to accelerate the wound healing process.
光生物调制（PBM）是在低功率下使用可见红光和近红外光的一种形式，其中激光光子在电子水平上被吸收，而不会产生热量。PBM可用于广泛的治疗，有助于伤口、炎症、水肿和减轻疼痛。然而，缺乏关于其实际效果的科学文献。目的：本研究评估PBM对单核细胞M1相关细胞因子释放的影响，特别是白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）。方法：将Tamm-Horsfall Protein 1（THP-1）巨噬细胞M1细胞暴露于850nm不同剂量（0、0.6、1.2和3.6J/cm2）的二极管激光下。细胞因子的释放通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测定，在照射后的不同孵育期（0、12、24和48小时）后。在相同的孵育时间内评估悬浮在辐照的M1上清液中的成纤维细胞的增殖。结果：PBM能显著增强M1相关细胞因子的释放（p＜0.05）。在所有孵育期，1.2 J/cm2照射后IL-1β的增加明显高于其他剂量。所有剂量的TNF-α在照射两天后均显著降低（p＜0.005）。观察到成纤维细胞增殖显著增加（p＜0.005），同时细胞因子释放增加。结论：本体外研究表明，850nm二极管激光治疗的PBM可以增强M1相关细胞因子的释放，进而促进成纤维细胞的增殖。此外，850 nm处的PBM具有抗炎作用，表现为降低TNF-α水平。因此，这种疗法可能能够加速伤口愈合过程。
{"title":"Photobiomodulation Effect of 850 nm Near-infrared Diode Laser on the Release of M1-related Cytokines Inmonocytic THP-1 Cells","authors":"Ruwaidah A. Mussttaf, Mayyadah Hasan Rhaif Al-sahlanee, N. S. Dawood, David F L Jenkins, A. Jha","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000857","url":null,"abstract":"Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a form of the use of visible red and Near-infrared (NIR) light at low power, where a laser light photon is absorbed at the electronic level, without heat production. PBM can be applied in wide range of treatment to help the wound, inflammation, edema, and pain reduction. However, there is a lack of scientific documentation regarding its actual effects. Objectives: This study assesses the impact of PBM on the release of M1-related cytokine in monocyte cells with particular emphasis on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α). Methods: Tamm-Horsfall Protein 1 (THP-1) macrophages M1 cells have been exposed to the light from the diode laser of 850nmat different doses (0, 0.6, 1.2 and 3.6 J/cm2). The release of cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, after different periods of incubation (0, 12, 24, and 48 hours) post-irradiation. The proliferation of fibroblast cells suspended in irradiated M1-supernatent was evaluated for the same periods of incubation. Results: The results showed that PBM significantly enhanced M1-related cytokine release (p < 0.05). Obviously, IL-1β increased post-irradiation at 1.2 J/cm2 more than other doses for all incubation periods. TNF-α was decreased significantly after two days of irradiation (p < 0.005) for all doses. A significant increase in fibroblast proliferation (p < 0.005) was observed concomitant with the boost of cytokine release. Conclusion: This in vitro study has demonstrated that the PBM of the 850 nm diode laser therapy can enhance M1-related cytokine release, which in turn increases the proliferation of fibroblast cells. Moreover, PBM at 850 nm plays an anti-inflammatory role, which manifested by decreasing the level of TNF-α. Therefore, this therapy may be able to accelerate the wound healing process.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49123390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000888
Inna Sulikovska, E. Ivanova, Ivaylo K. Ivanov, D. Tasheva, M. Dimitrova, B. Nikolova, I. Iliev
Our country is rich in medicinal plants with a thousand-year tradition of use for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. World Health Organization estimates that around 70% of population is using traditional (folk) medicine to cure various ailments. In many cases, herbal preparations prove to be useful, but some of them can also exert toxic effects. Therefore, herbal extracts should be tested both as curatives and for safety application. The aim of the present work was to investigate extracts from Tanacetum vulgare (TVA), Epilobium parviflorum (EPE) and Geranium sanguineum (GSA), obtained by different organic solvents, for their phototoxicity and anticancer activity. The standard BALB/c 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake phototoxicity/cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the possible phototoxic properties of the extracts. The antitumor activity of the extracts was studied in vitro on a panel of human tumor cell lines in comparison to the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The selectivity indices and the photo-irritancy factors were determined. The results show that the studied extracts are not phototoxic at concentration range from 4 to 1000 µg/ml. Determined photo-irritancy factors (PIF) for the extracts was < 2 (PIF for EPE = 1.72, GSA = 1.04, TVA = 1.43), which assigns them to the category of non-phototoxic substances. In addition, at concentrations lower than < 60 µg/ml, no statistically significant cytotoxicity was observed. The selectivity index was calculated relative to the IC50 value for non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The highest selective index obtained with respect to the HT-29 cells was shown by all testing extracts (selective index (SI) for EPE = 2.6, GSA = 2.4 and TVA = 2.5), to the HeLa cells by extract GSA (SI = 2.0) and to the PC3 cells by extracts GSA (SI = 2.6) and TVA (SI = 2.0). Presented data shows that the studied extracts have a high level of photosafety with a promising antitumor activity in certain cell lines.
{"title":"Study on the Phototoxicity and Antitumor Activity of Plant Extracts from Tanacetum vulgare L., Epilobium parviflorum Schreb., and Geranium sanguineum L.","authors":"Inna Sulikovska, E. Ivanova, Ivaylo K. Ivanov, D. Tasheva, M. Dimitrova, B. Nikolova, I. Iliev","doi":"10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000888","url":null,"abstract":"Our country is rich in medicinal plants with a thousand-year tradition of use for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. World Health Organization estimates that around 70% of population is using traditional (folk) medicine to cure various ailments. In many cases, herbal preparations prove to be useful, but some of them can also exert toxic effects. Therefore, herbal extracts should be tested both as curatives and for safety application. The aim of the present work was to investigate extracts from Tanacetum vulgare (TVA), Epilobium parviflorum (EPE) and Geranium sanguineum (GSA), obtained by different organic solvents, for their phototoxicity and anticancer activity. The standard BALB/c 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake phototoxicity/cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the possible phototoxic properties of the extracts. The antitumor activity of the extracts was studied in vitro on a panel of human tumor cell lines in comparison to the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The selectivity indices and the photo-irritancy factors were determined. The results show that the studied extracts are not phototoxic at concentration range from 4 to 1000 µg/ml. Determined photo-irritancy factors (PIF) for the extracts was < 2 (PIF for EPE = 1.72, GSA = 1.04, TVA = 1.43), which assigns them to the category of non-phototoxic substances. In addition, at concentrations lower than < 60 µg/ml, no statistically significant cytotoxicity was observed. The selectivity index was calculated relative to the IC50 value for non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The highest selective index obtained with respect to the HT-29 cells was shown by all testing extracts (selective index (SI) for EPE = 2.6, GSA = 2.4 and TVA = 2.5), to the HeLa cells by extract GSA (SI = 2.0) and to the PC3 cells by extracts GSA (SI = 2.6) and TVA (SI = 2.0). Presented data shows that the studied extracts have a high level of photosafety with a promising antitumor activity in certain cell lines.","PeriodicalId":38867,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Bioautomation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46629706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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