Pub Date : 2021-03-29DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00438
I. Khvorostov, I. Smirnov
The analysis of the balance of elastase (MMP-2, MMP-9) and TIMP-4 was performed in order to determine their involvement in the pathogenesis of NEC. A progressive duration of NEC with sepsis is accompanied by increased serum concentrations of MMP-9, MMP-2 and TIMP-4. Increases in concentrations of MMP-2>503 ng/ml, MMP-9>812 ng/ml TIMP-4>1404 ng/ml can be regarded as statistically significant predictors of fatal outcome of NEC. The proposed method for determination of the outcomes of NEC in newborns is characterized by high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (87%).
{"title":"Serum matrix metalloproteinases MMP-9 and MMP-2 and tissue inhibitors TIMP-2 in necrotizing enterocolitis","authors":"I. Khvorostov, I. Smirnov","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00438","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the balance of elastase (MMP-2, MMP-9) and TIMP-4 was performed in order to determine their involvement in the pathogenesis of NEC. A progressive duration of NEC with sepsis is accompanied by increased serum concentrations of MMP-9, MMP-2 and TIMP-4. Increases in concentrations of MMP-2>503 ng/ml, MMP-9>812 ng/ml TIMP-4>1404 ng/ml can be regarded as statistically significant predictors of fatal outcome of NEC. The proposed method for determination of the outcomes of NEC in newborns is characterized by high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (87%).","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115780931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-26DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00435
A. Taksande, R. Meshram, A. Lohakare
Leukemia is the most common malignancy of childhood. Chloromas are a rare presentation of an underlying leukemia. Here, we discuss a rare case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presenting with swelling over right eye. The patient was evaluated radiologically for the extension of disease and treatment planning. ALL was diagnosed with complete blood count and bone marrow examination. The orbital swelling was the initial presentation which led to further diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in our case. Chloroma is usually a common clinical presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however, it may rarely be found in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) such as ours.
{"title":"Chloroma: an uncommon presentation of the acute lymphopblastic leukaemia (ALL) in a child","authors":"A. Taksande, R. Meshram, A. Lohakare","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00435","url":null,"abstract":"Leukemia is the most common malignancy of childhood. Chloromas are a rare presentation of an underlying leukemia. Here, we discuss a rare case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presenting with swelling over right eye. The patient was evaluated radiologically for the extension of disease and treatment planning. ALL was diagnosed with complete blood count and bone marrow examination. The orbital swelling was the initial presentation which led to further diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in our case. Chloroma is usually a common clinical presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however, it may rarely be found in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) such as ours.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115544381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-26DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00436
F. Ahammad, C. Rasul, S. Lucky, P. Biswas
Background: Congenital malformations are becoming an important cause of neonatal death due to reduction of mortality by other common causes of death owing to the improvement of neonatal care. Routine physical examination of every newborn is important for multiple purposes including exploration of external congenital anomalies. Objective: To determine the incidence of Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) and other external congenital anomalies that can be detected by routine physical examination only. Methods: It was an observational cross sectional study. This study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics and Obstetrics of Khulna Medical College Hospital from June 2016 to May 2017. All the delivered newborn in Obstetrics ward and the neonates in the pediatrics ward were included in the study. The babies were examined immediately after delivery or admission. A detailed history including potential risk factors was taken and a thorough physical examination was performed. All the relevant information was noted in a predesigned questionnaire. Results: A total of 4,462 neonates were studied in pediatrics and obstetrics ward. Thirty four (0.76%) cases of congenital anomalies were found during one year. Neural tube defects were observed in 4 (0.04%) cases only. No other risk factor except folic acid intake was related with them. Congenital anomalies most frequently involved the musculoskeletal system (29.4%). Conclusion: Routine physical examination of newborn can identify a significant number of congenital anomalies. Non-intake of folic acid during preconceptional and antenatal period is the single-most risk factor for NTDs.
{"title":"Incidence of neural tube defects and other external congenital anomalies among newborn","authors":"F. Ahammad, C. Rasul, S. Lucky, P. Biswas","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2021.11.00436","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital malformations are becoming an important cause of neonatal death due to reduction of mortality by other common causes of death owing to the improvement of neonatal care. Routine physical examination of every newborn is important for multiple purposes including exploration of external congenital anomalies. Objective: To determine the incidence of Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) and other external congenital anomalies that can be detected by routine physical examination only. Methods: It was an observational cross sectional study. This study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics and Obstetrics of Khulna Medical College Hospital from June 2016 to May 2017. All the delivered newborn in Obstetrics ward and the neonates in the pediatrics ward were included in the study. The babies were examined immediately after delivery or admission. A detailed history including potential risk factors was taken and a thorough physical examination was performed. All the relevant information was noted in a predesigned questionnaire. Results: A total of 4,462 neonates were studied in pediatrics and obstetrics ward. Thirty four (0.76%) cases of congenital anomalies were found during one year. Neural tube defects were observed in 4 (0.04%) cases only. No other risk factor except folic acid intake was related with them. Congenital anomalies most frequently involved the musculoskeletal system (29.4%). Conclusion: Routine physical examination of newborn can identify a significant number of congenital anomalies. Non-intake of folic acid during preconceptional and antenatal period is the single-most risk factor for NTDs.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126804935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00430
Osama Hafiz Elshazali, Zahia Elnaeem Mohammed
Introduction: Infective Endocarditis (IE) in children is relatively rare but causes significant morbidity and mortality when it occurs. The incidence of IE in children is increasing worldwide. Objective: To identify pattern, management and short outcome of IE in Sudanese children. Methods: Retrospective notes review of all the children from birth to 16 years old, diagnosed with IE at Ahmed Gasim Children’s hospital, Khartoum North, Sudan. During the 12 month period starting from January 2017. All children who fulfilled Dukes criteria for Definite or Possible IE were included in the study. Results: During the study period 6260 children were admitted to Ahmed Gasim Children’s hospital, 47 patients fulfilled Dukes criteria for IE; Three patients were labelled as Definite and 44 as Possible, The majority of the patients were overfive years old. Of the 47 patients enrolled in the study,34% had normal hearts and 66.0% were known to have structural cardiac disease; out of them, 17 patients (54.8%) were known to have Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and 14 patients (45.2%) were known to have Congenital Heart Disease (CHD).The hospital mortality was 21.3%. Conclusion and Recommendation: IE in Sudanese children is not rare and is associated with high hospital mortality,the health professionals should have a high index of suspicion to diagnose IE echocardiography and blood culture should be done whenever the possibility of endocarditis is entertained. The children, parents and caregivers of children with structural heart disease should be educated about IE’spresentation and prevention.
{"title":"Infective endocarditis in children-pattern, diagnosis, management and short term outcome in Sudan","authors":"Osama Hafiz Elshazali, Zahia Elnaeem Mohammed","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00430","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Infective Endocarditis (IE) in children is relatively rare but causes significant morbidity and mortality when it occurs. The incidence of IE in children is increasing worldwide. Objective: To identify pattern, management and short outcome of IE in Sudanese children. Methods: Retrospective notes review of all the children from birth to 16 years old, diagnosed with IE at Ahmed Gasim Children’s hospital, Khartoum North, Sudan. During the 12 month period starting from January 2017. All children who fulfilled Dukes criteria for Definite or Possible IE were included in the study. Results: During the study period 6260 children were admitted to Ahmed Gasim Children’s hospital, 47 patients fulfilled Dukes criteria for IE; Three patients were labelled as Definite and 44 as Possible, The majority of the patients were overfive years old. Of the 47 patients enrolled in the study,34% had normal hearts and 66.0% were known to have structural cardiac disease; out of them, 17 patients (54.8%) were known to have Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and 14 patients (45.2%) were known to have Congenital Heart Disease (CHD).The hospital mortality was 21.3%. Conclusion and Recommendation: IE in Sudanese children is not rare and is associated with high hospital mortality,the health professionals should have a high index of suspicion to diagnose IE echocardiography and blood culture should be done whenever the possibility of endocarditis is entertained. The children, parents and caregivers of children with structural heart disease should be educated about IE’spresentation and prevention.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121830666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00428
Karla Adney Flores Arizmendi, Yessica Yuliana Guerrero Tapia, Francisco Javier Meoño Velazquez, Tania Tonantzin Vargas Robledo, Lorena Elizabeth Carranza Hernandez, S. García De La Puente
The American Academy of Pediatrics have previously described comorbidities and health care recommendations in Down syndrome.This review was conducted of topics that have not been included in previously published recommendations or that require updating, this topics are: neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, thyroid dysfunction, deglutition disorders, immunity, vaccination, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, hyperuricemia, vitamin D, oxidative stress, and autism. Method: Searches were performed with CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, LILACS, RIMA and BNI and assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Conclusions: The medical aspects presented in this articlecan help to the health care professionals to provide more effective care. The early detection of some comorbiditiescan improve prognosis and lower the cost of care for the complications then may cause.
{"title":"Additional Health Care Recommendations for Children with Down Syndrome","authors":"Karla Adney Flores Arizmendi, Yessica Yuliana Guerrero Tapia, Francisco Javier Meoño Velazquez, Tania Tonantzin Vargas Robledo, Lorena Elizabeth Carranza Hernandez, S. García De La Puente","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00428","url":null,"abstract":"The American Academy of Pediatrics have previously described comorbidities and health care recommendations in Down syndrome.This review was conducted of topics that have not been included in previously published recommendations or that require updating, this topics are: neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, thyroid dysfunction, deglutition disorders, immunity, vaccination, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, hyperuricemia, vitamin D, oxidative stress, and autism. Method: Searches were performed with CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, LILACS, RIMA and BNI and assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Conclusions: The medical aspects presented in this articlecan help to the health care professionals to provide more effective care. The early detection of some comorbiditiescan improve prognosis and lower the cost of care for the complications then may cause.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124685920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-27DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00426
Jesús J Martínez-García, Claudia J Gámez Escarrega, Nora S Martínez-Félix, Adrian Canizalez-Román, Uriel A Angulo Zamudio, Nidia M León-Sicairos, Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio
Objective: To determinate if lactoferrin (LF) could be optimal biomarker; the LF levels in plasma were compared between neonates with or without early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). Methods: From January to December of 2019 we conducted an analytic cross-sectional study, eighty-nine patients were collected: 34 newborns with EOS and 55 newborns without EOS from neonatology unit from a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was made with clinical parameters and sepsis biomarkers. Plasma concentrations of LF were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The LF median was 3.7ng/ml to the newborn group with EOS while 44.8ng/ml was to newborn without EOS (p: 0.000). The best LF cut-off point in newborns with EOS was 20.55ng/ml, with sensitivity of 73.5%, specificity 92.7%, positive predictive value 86.2%, and negative predictive value 85%, positive likelihood ratio 10.11, and negative likelihood ratio 0.28. Conclusions: These findings indicate that levels of LF in plasma could be an effective and useful biomarker to diagnose of EOS.
{"title":"Plasma lactoferrin levels in newborn infants with early-onset neonatal sepsis","authors":"Jesús J Martínez-García, Claudia J Gámez Escarrega, Nora S Martínez-Félix, Adrian Canizalez-Román, Uriel A Angulo Zamudio, Nidia M León-Sicairos, Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00426","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determinate if lactoferrin (LF) could be optimal biomarker; the LF levels in plasma were compared between neonates with or without early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). Methods: From January to December of 2019 we conducted an analytic cross-sectional study, eighty-nine patients were collected: 34 newborns with EOS and 55 newborns without EOS from neonatology unit from a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was made with clinical parameters and sepsis biomarkers. Plasma concentrations of LF were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The LF median was 3.7ng/ml to the newborn group with EOS while 44.8ng/ml was to newborn without EOS (p: 0.000). The best LF cut-off point in newborns with EOS was 20.55ng/ml, with sensitivity of 73.5%, specificity 92.7%, positive predictive value 86.2%, and negative predictive value 85%, positive likelihood ratio 10.11, and negative likelihood ratio 0.28. Conclusions: These findings indicate that levels of LF in plasma could be an effective and useful biomarker to diagnose of EOS.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127870433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defects and remain the leading cause of death from congenital malformations. The knowledge of the parents of children with CHD; is important for the long term wellbeing of their children. In 2017 we have conducted study looking at the knowledge of the parents of children with CHD; about the disease, after that study we have implemented some measures to improve the knowledge of the parents and we wanted to see if there was any improvement in the parents knowledge. Objectives: To assess the parent’s knowledge regarding diagnosis and management of their children with CHD. Methods: This is a prospective questionnaire based study, conducted at the Paediatric Cardiology Outpatient clinic Ahmed Gasim cardiac Centre, over a six months period from June to November 2019. Results: The total study population was 120 parents of children with CHD. Of these children, females were 65 (54.2%) and males were 55 (45.8%). The most common age group was 1-5 years old, with 51 (42.5 %) children. 71 (59.2%) of the study population resided in urban areas. 103 (85.8%) of the responders were mothers. 32 (31.0%) mother and 11 (64.7%) fathers were > 40 years old. 9 (52.9%) fathers and 37 (35.9%) mother were primary school graduate. 87 (84.5%) of the mothers were housewives, and10 (58.9%) fathers were unskilled workers. 66 (55%) and 54 (45%) of the parents were of moderate and low social class respectively. 14 (11.7%) children were known to have Down’s syndrome. 60 (50%) had previous cardiac surgery, 26 (21.7%) had previous cardiac catheterizations and 3 (2.5%) had documented episodes of infective endocarditis. The commonest Cardiac diagnoses were Ventricular Septal Defect 49 (40.8%), Atrial Septal defect 23 (19.2%) and Tetralogy of Fallot 18 (15%). 118 (98.3%) were attending the appointment visits regularly. 119 (99.2%) confirmed that the diagnosis of their children heart problem was explained to them. 84 (70%) reiterated their children heart problem correctly. 100 (83.3%) and 113 (94.2%) stated correctly the symptoms and risk factors of Infective Endocarditis (IE) respectively. 44 (36.7%) received information regarding the importance of oral hygiene, 102 (85%) were aware about need for antibiotics before dental procedures and 120 (100%) were aware about measures to maintain a good oral hygiene. The knowledge of parents was considered fair in 49 (40.8%), good in 46 (38.3%) and poor in 25 (20.8%). Conclusion: The knowledge of the parents of children with congenital heart disease was generally good, but there is a room for improvement. Simple measures like providing more information especially written is beneficial. The knowledge of the parents should be assessed and measures should be implemented to improve the knowledge of the parents, empowerment of the parents will improve the wellbeing of children with CHD.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of parents’ of children with congenital heart disease in a developing country","authors":"Osama Hafiz Elshazali, Tayseer Farouk Farah, Mariam Zaki","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00424","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defects and remain the leading cause of death from congenital malformations. The knowledge of the parents of children with CHD; is important for the long term wellbeing of their children. In 2017 we have conducted study looking at the knowledge of the parents of children with CHD; about the disease, after that study we have implemented some measures to improve the knowledge of the parents and we wanted to see if there was any improvement in the parents knowledge. Objectives: To assess the parent’s knowledge regarding diagnosis and management of their children with CHD. Methods: This is a prospective questionnaire based study, conducted at the Paediatric Cardiology Outpatient clinic Ahmed Gasim cardiac Centre, over a six months period from June to November 2019. Results: The total study population was 120 parents of children with CHD. Of these children, females were 65 (54.2%) and males were 55 (45.8%). The most common age group was 1-5 years old, with 51 (42.5 %) children. 71 (59.2%) of the study population resided in urban areas. 103 (85.8%) of the responders were mothers. 32 (31.0%) mother and 11 (64.7%) fathers were > 40 years old. 9 (52.9%) fathers and 37 (35.9%) mother were primary school graduate. 87 (84.5%) of the mothers were housewives, and10 (58.9%) fathers were unskilled workers. 66 (55%) and 54 (45%) of the parents were of moderate and low social class respectively. 14 (11.7%) children were known to have Down’s syndrome. 60 (50%) had previous cardiac surgery, 26 (21.7%) had previous cardiac catheterizations and 3 (2.5%) had documented episodes of infective endocarditis. The commonest Cardiac diagnoses were Ventricular Septal Defect 49 (40.8%), Atrial Septal defect 23 (19.2%) and Tetralogy of Fallot 18 (15%). 118 (98.3%) were attending the appointment visits regularly. 119 (99.2%) confirmed that the diagnosis of their children heart problem was explained to them. 84 (70%) reiterated their children heart problem correctly. 100 (83.3%) and 113 (94.2%) stated correctly the symptoms and risk factors of Infective Endocarditis (IE) respectively. 44 (36.7%) received information regarding the importance of oral hygiene, 102 (85%) were aware about need for antibiotics before dental procedures and 120 (100%) were aware about measures to maintain a good oral hygiene. The knowledge of parents was considered fair in 49 (40.8%), good in 46 (38.3%) and poor in 25 (20.8%). Conclusion: The knowledge of the parents of children with congenital heart disease was generally good, but there is a room for improvement. Simple measures like providing more information especially written is beneficial. The knowledge of the parents should be assessed and measures should be implemented to improve the knowledge of the parents, empowerment of the parents will improve the wellbeing of children with CHD.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131393675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00411
Melo Borges C, M. T., Bragança C, Fernandes S, Furtado F
Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs in 1:1000 to 1:10000 live births and the spectrum of manifestations is wide. We report a case of male infant with confirmed congenital toxoplasmosis infection after seroconversion between the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Despite having started adequate treatment after birth, ophthalmological lesions were permanent. The benefit of maternal treatment is not well established and prevention should be the key. Introduction: Transplacental transmission of Toxoplasma gondii is responsible for congenital toxoplasmosis. The variant parasite prevalence throughout the world, along with different national maternal screening programs, explains that the estimated incidence of this infection is of 1:1000 to 1:10000 live births. The risk of infection depends on the timing of maternal infection, increasing during the course of pregnancy and reaching a 65-71% risk in the third trimester[1],[2]. The gestational age at the time of maternal infection also accounts for the ample clinical outcome, being more severe in the early stages of fetus development, when it can lead to spontaneous abortion or stillbirth. Although congenital toxoplasmosis is subclinical in 75% of infected newborns1, the spectrum of manifestations is wide, going from hearing loss and ophthalmological lesions to severe compromise of central nervous system.
{"title":"Congenital toxoplasmosis: when a screening is missed","authors":"Melo Borges C, M. T., Bragança C, Fernandes S, Furtado F","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00411","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs in 1:1000 to 1:10000 live births and the spectrum of manifestations is wide. We report a case of male infant with confirmed congenital toxoplasmosis infection after seroconversion between the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Despite having started adequate treatment after birth, ophthalmological lesions were permanent. The benefit of maternal treatment is not well established and prevention should be the key. Introduction: Transplacental transmission of Toxoplasma gondii is responsible for congenital toxoplasmosis. The variant parasite prevalence throughout the world, along with different national maternal screening programs, explains that the estimated incidence of this infection is of 1:1000 to 1:10000 live births. The risk of infection depends on the timing of maternal infection, increasing during the course of pregnancy and reaching a 65-71% risk in the third trimester[1],[2]. The gestational age at the time of maternal infection also accounts for the ample clinical outcome, being more severe in the early stages of fetus development, when it can lead to spontaneous abortion or stillbirth. Although congenital toxoplasmosis is subclinical in 75% of infected newborns1, the spectrum of manifestations is wide, going from hearing loss and ophthalmological lesions to severe compromise of central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131611198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-18DOI: 10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00409
Mouhamadou Lamine Dia, Soumbounou M, Ndiaye Sf, F. A, Kébé O, N. Kader
Introduction: Enteroviral meningitis is the main cause of meningitis for all causes combined. They are frequent and most often benign, but underdiagnosed due to the limited technical platforms of laboratories. This is why we deemed it important to carry out this study aimed at determination of the role of these viruses in aseptic meningitis at the pediatric hospital of Diamniadio in Dakar. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study covering the period from the 1st of January to the 31st of August 2017 involving 30 patients from the children’s hospital of Diamniadio. The cytochemical tests and the assessments of soluble antigens in the CSFs were carried out at the laboratory of the hospital of Diamniadio. The virological tests were carried out at the Pasteur Institute of Dakar. Results: All up, 30 aseptic CSFs were received by the laboratory during the study period. The patients were aged from 0 to 15 years. The analysis of the CSFs found an average protein concentration level of 1.15g/L and an average glucose level of 0.52g/L. No microbial organisms were detected by conventional bacteriological analyses. The virological analyses, on the other hand, allowed 9 Enteroviruses and 1 cytomegalovirus (CMV) to be found in the CSFs. Conclusion: Enteroviruses constitute a significant part of the etiologies of viral meningitis in Senegal. Larger scale studies are needed, however, to obtain a more accurate indication of the viral causes of meningitis in Senegal.
{"title":"Enteroviral meningitis at a pediatric hospital in Dakar (Senegal)","authors":"Mouhamadou Lamine Dia, Soumbounou M, Ndiaye Sf, F. A, Kébé O, N. Kader","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00409","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Enteroviral meningitis is the main cause of meningitis for all causes combined. They are frequent and most often benign, but underdiagnosed due to the limited technical platforms of laboratories. This is why we deemed it important to carry out this study aimed at determination of the role of these viruses in aseptic meningitis at the pediatric hospital of Diamniadio in Dakar. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study covering the period from the 1st of January to the 31st of August 2017 involving 30 patients from the children’s hospital of Diamniadio. The cytochemical tests and the assessments of soluble antigens in the CSFs were carried out at the laboratory of the hospital of Diamniadio. The virological tests were carried out at the Pasteur Institute of Dakar. Results: All up, 30 aseptic CSFs were received by the laboratory during the study period. The patients were aged from 0 to 15 years. The analysis of the CSFs found an average protein concentration level of 1.15g/L and an average glucose level of 0.52g/L. No microbial organisms were detected by conventional bacteriological analyses. The virological analyses, on the other hand, allowed 9 Enteroviruses and 1 cytomegalovirus (CMV) to be found in the CSFs. Conclusion: Enteroviruses constitute a significant part of the etiologies of viral meningitis in Senegal. Larger scale studies are needed, however, to obtain a more accurate indication of the viral causes of meningitis in Senegal.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116353944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Burn injury is a major global public health problem accompanied by a high risk of mortality and morbidity. Sufficient knowledge in the epidemiological pattern is necessary to prevent burn injury, but in many developing countries, including Ethiopia, the epidemiological patterns of burn injuries given low attention. Methods: The institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from March-April 2017. A total of 102 burn patients were selected in a simple random sampling method. Data were collected retrospectively from patients’ medical records using a data extraction tool among children’s attended Felege Hiwot referral hospital with burn injury from 2011 to 2016. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered in Epi-data version 3.1, then exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 for analysis. Result: The overall prevalence of burn injury among children was 0.46%. In all age groups, the prevalence of burn injury was higher among females. Scald burn injuries account for 42.2%, and 41.61% of burn injuries involved multiple body parts. The majority of children (75.5%) presented with second-degree burns, and the mean TBSA (total body surface area) burned was 12.56 ±8.91. The majority of patients (77.5%) seek health care within <24 hours, 35.3% of patients received prehospital care after burn injury, and 33.3% of patients recovered with significant scarring and disfigurement. Conclusion and recommendations: The majority of the burn injuries occurred at home, and pre-hospital interventions were mostly harmful practices. Therefore adequate health education should be delivered to the society regarding appropriate pre-hospital interventions and a safe home environment.
背景:烧伤是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题，伴随着高死亡率和发病率。对流行病学模式有足够的了解是预防烧伤的必要条件，但在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的许多发展中国家，对烧伤的流行病学模式重视程度较低。方法:2017年3 - 4月采用基于机构的回顾性横断面研究设计。采用简单随机抽样方法，选取102例烧伤患者。采用数据提取工具对2011 - 2016年在菲利格希沃特转诊医院就诊的儿童烧伤患者病历进行回顾性收集。数据被清理、编码并输入Epi-data版本3.1，然后导出到Statistical Package for Social Sciences版本21进行分析。结果:儿童烧伤总体患病率为0.46%。在所有年龄组中，女性的烧伤患病率较高。烫伤烧伤占42.2%，多部位烧伤占41.61%。多数患儿(75.5%)表现为二度烧伤，平均烧伤总体表面积(TBSA)为12.56±8.91。大多数患者(77.5%)在<24小时内就诊，35.3%的患者在烧伤后接受院前护理，33.3%的患者康复后出现明显的疤痕和毁容。结论和建议:大多数烧伤发生在家中，院前干预大多是有害的做法。因此，应向社会提供适当的院前干预措施和安全的家庭环境方面的健康教育。
{"title":"Epidemiology of burn injury among children’s attended felege hiwot referral hospital in bahir dar town, amhara regional state, Ethiopia, 2017","authors":"Firehiwot Girma Gessesse, Yibeltal Asmamaw Yitayew","doi":"10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00408","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burn injury is a major global public health problem accompanied by a high risk of mortality and morbidity. Sufficient knowledge in the epidemiological pattern is necessary to prevent burn injury, but in many developing countries, including Ethiopia, the epidemiological patterns of burn injuries given low attention. Methods: The institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from March-April 2017. A total of 102 burn patients were selected in a simple random sampling method. Data were collected retrospectively from patients’ medical records using a data extraction tool among children’s attended Felege Hiwot referral hospital with burn injury from 2011 to 2016. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered in Epi-data version 3.1, then exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 for analysis. Result: The overall prevalence of burn injury among children was 0.46%. In all age groups, the prevalence of burn injury was higher among females. Scald burn injuries account for 42.2%, and 41.61% of burn injuries involved multiple body parts. The majority of children (75.5%) presented with second-degree burns, and the mean TBSA (total body surface area) burned was 12.56 ±8.91. The majority of patients (77.5%) seek health care within <24 hours, 35.3% of patients received prehospital care after burn injury, and 33.3% of patients recovered with significant scarring and disfigurement. Conclusion and recommendations: The majority of the burn injuries occurred at home, and pre-hospital interventions were mostly harmful practices. Therefore adequate health education should be delivered to the society regarding appropriate pre-hospital interventions and a safe home environment.","PeriodicalId":388959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129192524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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