Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.19
Kim, Byung-sun, Jang Man Sik
{"title":"A study on university learners’ movie selection criteria in self-directed English learning using films","authors":"Kim, Byung-sun, Jang Man Sik","doi":"10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90526511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.91
Namhee Kang
This study purports to reveal a design-thinking (DT) framed autonomous English learning model for EFL learners. Thirty-one Korean university students underwent the DT process (empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test) right after their mid-term until the end of the semester, for eight weeks. The model utilized weekly student journals as an implementation of their ideas (prototypes) for five weeks, describing what they did to enjoy and learn English autonomously. The journals were written on Google Docs and shared in class, which gave them ample opportunities to learn from their classmates’ learning strategies, feel competence, and achieve relatedness. Speaking samples, journals, a post-questionnaire, and interviews were analyzed. Preand postspeaking proficiency tests showed a slight but statistically insignificant increase. However, they perceived that their English proficiency improved according to their Define stage and post-questionnaire results. Also, the analysis of their journals and one-on-one interviews displayed that they were mostly exposed themselves to audiovisual materials such as films, music, TV dramas, TV shows on YouTube, Netflix, or TED, considered the instructor’s and classmates’ interaction and the ejournals worth sharing and were continuously motivated to learn autonomously. Overall, it seems their perspectives toward English changed from it being a “study subject” to “fun.”
{"title":"Design-Thinking Framed EFL Autonomous Learning Through Interactive e-Journaling","authors":"Namhee Kang","doi":"10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"This study purports to reveal a design-thinking (DT) framed autonomous English learning model for EFL learners. Thirty-one Korean university students underwent the DT process (empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test) right after their mid-term until the end of the semester, for eight weeks. The model utilized weekly student journals as an implementation of their ideas (prototypes) for five weeks, describing what they did to enjoy and learn English autonomously. The journals were written on Google Docs and shared in class, which gave them ample opportunities to learn from their classmates’ learning strategies, feel competence, and achieve relatedness. Speaking samples, journals, a post-questionnaire, and interviews were analyzed. Preand postspeaking proficiency tests showed a slight but statistically insignificant increase. However, they perceived that their English proficiency improved according to their Define stage and post-questionnaire results. Also, the analysis of their journals and one-on-one interviews displayed that they were mostly exposed themselves to audiovisual materials such as films, music, TV dramas, TV shows on YouTube, Netflix, or TED, considered the instructor’s and classmates’ interaction and the ejournals worth sharing and were continuously motivated to learn autonomously. Overall, it seems their perspectives toward English changed from it being a “study subject” to “fun.”","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86697036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.155
Yoon，Tecnam, Yang, Jihye
{"title":"A case study of primary English learners","authors":"Yoon，Tecnam, Yang, Jihye","doi":"10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/STEM.2021.22.1.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72813905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.119
M. Ko, Gayeong Jung
{"title":"An examination of online English pronunciation programs in Korea and overseas","authors":"M. Ko, Gayeong Jung","doi":"10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85994021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.1
Cinthia M. Chong
This study deals with the effectiveness of reading aloud using English TV news to increase the number of opportunities and improve self-confidence in producing English utterances for EFL learners. Reading aloud using English TV news contents was adopted to induce a certain number of English utterances, and self-voice recording via smartphones was conducted to provide an objective perspective on learners’ progress during the activity. The data from the preand post-survey questionnaires show that the reading-aloud activity using English TV news during a single semester increased EFL learners’ self-confidence in producing English utterances. Post-survey results indicate respective increases of 39 percent, 29 percent, and 20 percent in reading a text aloud, delivering a presentation, and speaking in comparison to presurvey results. Furthermore, learners with no overseas English learning experience showed significantly more positive reactions toward the reading-aloud activity than those with overseas English learning experience. The effectiveness is noticeable as it increases self-confidence to a level close to that of learners with overseas learning experience. This study provides insights into reading aloud activity using English TV news on EFL learners with no overseas learning experience and on their selfconfidence in practicing English speaking skills.
{"title":"A Case Study on Reading Aloud Using English TV News","authors":"Cinthia M. Chong","doi":"10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/stem.2021.22.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the effectiveness of reading aloud using English TV news to increase the number of opportunities and improve self-confidence in producing English utterances for EFL learners. Reading aloud using English TV news contents was adopted to induce a certain number of English utterances, and self-voice recording via smartphones was conducted to provide an objective perspective on learners’ progress during the activity. The data from the preand post-survey questionnaires show that the reading-aloud activity using English TV news during a single semester increased EFL learners’ self-confidence in producing English utterances. Post-survey results indicate respective increases of 39 percent, 29 percent, and 20 percent in reading a text aloud, delivering a presentation, and speaking in comparison to presurvey results. Furthermore, learners with no overseas English learning experience showed significantly more positive reactions toward the reading-aloud activity than those with overseas English learning experience. The effectiveness is noticeable as it increases self-confidence to a level close to that of learners with overseas learning experience. This study provides insights into reading aloud activity using English TV news on EFL learners with no overseas learning experience and on their selfconfidence in practicing English speaking skills.","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88711124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.16875/stem.2021.22.3.29
Na-young Kim
This study explores the effectiveness of multimedia modalities by comparing the effects of the use of different modality modes on EFL comprehension. The experiment was conducted during the 2020 academic year. The participants were 186 college EFL students who were selected from six intact classes at a university in Korea. They were divided into six groups at random and received the treatment depending on their experimental conditions: text-only (TO), audio-only (AO), text-picture (TP), audio-picture (AP), text-audio (TA), and text-audio-picture (TAP). For five weeks, all participants read, listened to, or both read and listened to the fairy tales with or without pictures in class. To test the modality effects, the TOEIC-based listening and reading pre- and post-tests were carried out. The whole data collected were analyzed with SPSS version 20 software. The study found that using different modalities in classes plays a beneficial role in increasing comprehension skills. TP, AP, and TA groups improved their listening skills while TO, TP, and TA groups increased their reading skills at a significance level of .05. Statistically significant group differences were also found based on experimental conditions in both listening and reading comprehension skills. Pedagogical implications and suggestions are discussed at the end.
{"title":"The More, the Better? Effects of Multiple Modalities on EFL Listening and Reading Comprehension","authors":"Na-young Kim","doi":"10.16875/stem.2021.22.3.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/stem.2021.22.3.29","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effectiveness of multimedia modalities by comparing the effects of the use of different modality modes on EFL comprehension. The experiment was conducted during the 2020 academic year. The participants were 186 college EFL students who were selected from six intact classes at a university in Korea. They were divided into six groups at random and received the treatment depending on their experimental conditions: text-only (TO), audio-only (AO), text-picture (TP), audio-picture (AP), text-audio (TA), and text-audio-picture (TAP). For five weeks, all participants read, listened to, or both read and listened to the fairy tales with or without pictures in class. To test the modality effects, the TOEIC-based listening and reading pre- and post-tests were carried out. The whole data collected were analyzed with SPSS version 20 software. The study found that using different modalities in classes plays a beneficial role in increasing comprehension skills. TP, AP, and TA groups improved their listening skills while TO, TP, and TA groups increased their reading skills at a significance level of .05. Statistically significant group differences were also found based on experimental conditions in both listening and reading comprehension skills. Pedagogical implications and suggestions are discussed at the end.","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87615009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-20DOI: 10.2174/1876893802006010001
Buthainah Al-Azzawi, D. McGuigan, F. N. Koivula, Ajile Elttayef, T. Dale, Ying Yang, C. Kelly, N. Forsyth
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is partly driven by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cell, facilitated by the release of inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β by cells of the innate immune system. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been used to counteract autoimmunity in a range of therapeutic settings due to their secretion of trophic and immunomodulatory factors that ameliorate disease independently of the cells themselves.The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the secretome of human bone-marrow derived MSCs on cytokine-driven beta cell apoptosis.All experiments were conducted in two insulin-secreting islet cell lines (BRIN-BD11 and βTC1.6) with selected experiments confirmed in primary islets. MSC secretome was generated by conditioning serum-free media (MSC-CM) for 24 hours on sub-confluent MSC populations. The media was then removed and filtered in readiness for use.Exposure to IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β induced apoptosis in cell lines and primary islets. The addition of MSC-CM to cell lines and primary islets partially reversed cytokine-driven apoptosis. MSC-CM also restored glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cytokine-treated cell lines, which was linked to improved cell viability following from cytokine challenge. Characterization of MSC-CM revealed significant concentrations of IL-4, IL-10, PIGF and VEGF. Of these, IL-10 alone prevented cytokine-driven apoptosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of IL-10 through the addition of a blocking antibody reversed the anti-apoptotic effects of MSC-CM.Overall, the protective effects of MSC-CM on islet beta cell survival appear to be largely IL-10-dependent.
{"title":"The Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevents Islet Beta Cell Apoptosis via an IL-10-Dependent Mechanism","authors":"Buthainah Al-Azzawi, D. McGuigan, F. N. Koivula, Ajile Elttayef, T. Dale, Ying Yang, C. Kelly, N. Forsyth","doi":"10.2174/1876893802006010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876893802006010001","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is partly driven by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cell, facilitated by the release of inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β by cells of the innate immune system. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been used to counteract autoimmunity in a range of therapeutic settings due to their secretion of trophic and immunomodulatory factors that ameliorate disease independently of the cells themselves.The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the secretome of human bone-marrow derived MSCs on cytokine-driven beta cell apoptosis.All experiments were conducted in two insulin-secreting islet cell lines (BRIN-BD11 and βTC1.6) with selected experiments confirmed in primary islets. MSC secretome was generated by conditioning serum-free media (MSC-CM) for 24 hours on sub-confluent MSC populations. The media was then removed and filtered in readiness for use.Exposure to IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β induced apoptosis in cell lines and primary islets. The addition of MSC-CM to cell lines and primary islets partially reversed cytokine-driven apoptosis. MSC-CM also restored glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cytokine-treated cell lines, which was linked to improved cell viability following from cytokine challenge. Characterization of MSC-CM revealed significant concentrations of IL-4, IL-10, PIGF and VEGF. Of these, IL-10 alone prevented cytokine-driven apoptosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of IL-10 through the addition of a blocking antibody reversed the anti-apoptotic effects of MSC-CM.Overall, the protective effects of MSC-CM on islet beta cell survival appear to be largely IL-10-dependent.","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"26 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41276193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.23
이숙현, Mun-koo Kang
{"title":"Balancing between language teaching and teaching about culture in the EFL classroom: With reference to the movie Two weeks notice","authors":"이숙현, Mun-koo Kang","doi":"10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"23-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85614956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.65
J. Byun
{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Integrating Mobile Augmented Reality (AR) Into Speaking Performance Assessment","authors":"J. Byun","doi":"10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16875/STEM.2020.21.1.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38955,"journal":{"name":"Open Stem Cell Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"65-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76927061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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