Producing bioenergy from the anaerobic digestion (AD) of poultry droppings (PD), press mud (PM), sugarcane bagasse (SB) and sugar beet roots and tops (SRT) could be an effective source of fuel and energy for processing sugar from sugar beet and sugarcane and for reviving and making the sugar industries profitable in Bangladesh. The total solids (TS) content is crucial for an optimum performance of the AD process. In this study, batch assays were conducted to determine the optimal TS contents on the mesophilic AD of PD, PM, SB and SRT with TS contents of 5, 8, 11 and 15%, respectively. The highest biochemical methane potential (BMP) were found 254, 121, 205 and 23 NL kg−1VS for PD, PM, SB and SRT after digestion for 90 days at TS content of 11%, 15%, 11% and 8%, respectively. The results indicate that the initial TS influenced the AD performance significantly and modeling showed that the optimal initial TS content for AD of PD, PM and SB ranged between 12 and 13%.The only exception was SRT, where an initial TS content of 8% is recommended.
Diversification of processed products based on sago flour has been made, including glucose syrup production, which may be used as a substitute for sucrose sugar in various processed foods. This sago starch-based glucose syrup may be improved its added value by fortifying antioxidant and iron ingredients derived from the extract of Moringa and Katuk leaves. We study the fortification effect of Moringa and Katuk leaf extract on the properties of glucose content, iron, and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) of the sago liquid sugar. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with six treatments, which were the combination of the extract of Moringa, Katuk, and liquid sugar. Based on this study, we obtain the fortification of Moringa and Katuk leaf extract had a significant effect on the iron and vitamin C content but had no significant effect on glucose content. The control of G0 had glucose content of 83.70%, and increasing the content of leaves extracts had decreased the glucose content. Iron (Fe) and vitamin C contents had improved, as the leaves extracts were increased. Treatment of G4 had given the highest content of Fe (3.35 mg/100 g), and treatment of G5 had resulted in the highest Vitamin C content (5.26 mg/100 g). This study indicated that sago flour may have a good prospect in producing a variety of nutritional food ingredients, and at the same time its added value may be made.