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The Functional Materials Beamline at CHESS CHESS的功能材料Beamline
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2202578
L. Smieska, K. Page, Brian Ree, Bingqian Zheng, Hilmar Koerner, A. Woll
Introduction In 2019, the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) completed its most significant upgrade in nearly 40 years of operation. This upgrade included removal of the three-story-tall particle physics detector, replacement of one-sixth of the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR), and a complete remodel of the experimental floor, including installation of six new undulator-fed beamlines. These modifications enabled a transition from CESR’s historical running mode with counter-circulating positrons and electrons to single-beam operation, resulting in significant improvements to CESR’s properties and performance as an X-ray source. Completion of the upgrade coincided with adoption of a new model for CHESS funding, by which partner institutions sponsor one or more beamlines in addition to a portion of the operational funding of CHESS and CESR. Though beamlines remain owned and operated by Cornell, the mission, core capabilities, and beamtime allocation model of each beamline are determined by the partner. The Materials Solutions Network at CHESS (MSN-C) is one of several new sub-facilities emerging from this change. MSN-C is a sponsored program of the Air Force Research Laboratory based on two end stations with complementary capabilities: the Structural Materials Beamline (SMB/ID1A3) operates from 40 to 200 keV and is optimized for the study of metals and other high-density materials [1, 2], while the Functional Materials Beamline (FMB/ID3B) operates at a series of discrete energies from 10 to 30 keV and is optimized for soft materials such as polymer composites and thin films. Together, the resources and access model of MSN-C represent an unprecedented effort to develop and apply state-of-the-art synchrotronbased techniques to real-world manufacturing challenges faced by industry, such as determination of residual stress in as-manufactured parts [2]. This includes new challenges associated with emerging materials and processing, such as 3D printing of polymer composites, additive manufacturing of metals, and autonomous approaches to materials synthesis. This article describes the layout and capabilities of FMB, along with several examples showcasing its use. The design of FMB was driven by two primary goals. The first was to enable both real-space and reciprocal-space interrogation of heterogeneous components such as those based on polymer-matrix composites. This goal is addressed by implementation of two complementary modes of operation: scanning X-ray microdiffraction (XMD) [3] based on simultaneous smalland wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS), and full-field imaging. XMD enables determination of variation in crystalline and molecular ordering, defects, and heterogeneities at the micron scale, but with data acquisition times limited by the need to raster a sample through the beam. Full-field imaging, referring here to imaging without the use of an imaging optic downstream of the sample, permits 2D images exhibiting radiograp
简介2019年,康奈尔高能同步加速器源(CHESS)完成了近40年运行以来最重大的升级。此次升级包括拆除三层楼高的粒子物理探测器,更换六分之一的康奈尔电子存储环(CESR),以及对实验地板进行全面改造,包括安装六条新的波动器馈电束线。这些修改使CESR从具有反向循环正电子和电子的历史运行模式转变为单束操作,从而显著改善了CESR作为X射线源的性能和性能。升级完成的同时,CHESS资金采用了一种新的模式,通过该模式,合作机构除了赞助CHESS和CESR的部分运营资金外,还赞助了一条或多条波束线。尽管波束线仍由康奈尔大学拥有和运营,但每条波束线的任务、核心能力和波束时间分配模型由合作伙伴决定。CHESS的材料解决方案网络(MSN-C)是这一变化中出现的几个新子设施之一。MSN-C是空军研究实验室的一个赞助项目,基于两个具有互补能力的终端站:结构材料束线(SMB/ID1A3)的工作电压为40至200keV,专为研究金属和其他高密度材料而优化[1,2],而功能材料束线(FMB/ID3B)在从10keV到30keV的一系列离散能量下工作,并且针对诸如聚合物复合材料和薄膜的软材料进行优化。MSN-C的资源和访问模型共同代表了一项前所未有的努力,即开发和应用最先进的基于同步的技术来应对工业面临的现实世界的制造挑战,例如确定制造零件中的残余应力[2]。这包括与新兴材料和加工相关的新挑战,如聚合物复合材料的3D打印、金属的增材制造以及材料合成的自主方法。本文描述了FMB的布局和功能,以及展示其使用的几个示例。FMB的设计有两个主要目标。第一个是实现对非均质组分(如基于聚合物基体复合材料的组分)的真实空间和相互空间询问。这一目标通过实现两种互补的操作模式来实现:基于同时小角度和广角X射线散射(SAXS和WAXS)的扫描X射线微衍射(XMD)[3]和全场成像。XMD能够在微米级上确定晶体和分子有序性、缺陷和不均匀性的变化,但数据采集时间受到通过光束光栅扫描样品的需要的限制。全视场成像,这里指的是在样品下游不使用成像光学器件的情况下进行成像,允许以大约1μm的分辨率和仅受探测器帧速率和入射强度限制的帧速率并行收集显示射线照相和/或相位对比度的2D图像。第二个目标是能够原位研究与材料制造和加工相关的高度非平衡现象,如微观结构、应变和非均匀性的演变。这一目标可以通过多种方式实现,特别是适应样本周围大型环境的能力、自定义检测器配置、基于python的实验控制、数据采集与用户提供的设备的同步,以及对飞行扫描操作的强大、灵活的支持,在飞行扫描操作中,数据采集发生在连续的电机运动过程中。FMB的第三个设计重点是最大限度地减少适应不同实验系统和模式所需的时间和劳动力。这种优先级体现在舱内高度自动化的模块化设置中,在该设置中,上游飞行路径和探测器表可以在不同配置之间轻松切换。类似地,样品台可以在大约一个小时内完全交换,从而允许在所需的波束时间开始之前将复杂的设置部分或全部配置在仓外,然后快速转移到位。自2019年10月FMB首次亮相以来,这种罕见的能力组合在软材料研究中表现出了独特的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Research at SOLEIL Focused on Organic Semiconducting Materials for Photovoltaic and Related Applications SOLEIL最近专注于光伏及相关应用的有机半导体材料的研究
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2207454
S. Swaraj, A. Hemmerle
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引用次数: 0
Facility Updates and Machine Upgrades 设备更新和机器升级
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186666
H. Wagner
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引用次数: 0
Update on HEPS Progress HEPS的最新进展
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186663
Ping He, Jianshe Cao, G. Lin, Ming Li, Yuhui Dong, Weimin Pan, Ye Tao
The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a greenfield 4th-generation light source. Its storage ring energy is 6 GeV and its ring cir-cumference is 1,360 m. One year after the HEPS complex buildings were constructed (Figure 1 ), we report here considerable progress, despite the COVID pandemic’s impact on supply chain and on-site personnel leading to unanticipated delays.
高能光子源(HEPS)是绿色领域的第四代光源。其储存环能量为6 GeV,环周长为1360 m。HEPS综合楼建成一年后(图1),尽管新冠肺炎疫情对供应链和现场人员造成了影响,导致了意外的延误,但我们在这里报告了相当大的进展。
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引用次数: 0
SPring-8 Upgrade Project: Accelerator Redesigned and Restarted SPring-8升级项目:加速器重新设计并重新启动
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186117
Takahiro Watanabe, Hitoshi Tanaka
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引用次数: 0
Compact frequency synthesizer 紧凑型频率合成器
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186667
Berkeley Nucleonics has introduced a new compact frequency synthesizer, the Model 805, which delivers precise and stable frequencies from 100 kHz to 22 GHz. One of its standout features is the ability to link multiple units for phase coherence and multi-channel capabilities in various applications. The Model 805 is user-friendly and its compact design makes it suitable for integration into various forms and layouts of RF/microwave systems. The Model 805 frequency synthesizer covers a range of 100 kHz to 22 GHz with a resolution of 10 mHz using graphical control software and higher resolution with SCPI commands. It has a fast switching time of just 5 μs and a calibrated frequency accuracy of ±30 ppb with ±0.5 ppm aging in the first year, thanks to its precise OCXO. The adjustable output power ranges from -40 to +25 dBm with an accuracy of ±1.5 dB and a resolution of 0.5 dB. The phase can be adjusted from 0 to 360 degrees with a resolution of 0.1 degree. Its phase noise at a 20 kHz offset from a 1 GHz carrier is -132 dBc/ Hz and -110 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz offset. Subharmonics and spurious signals are below -55 dBc. In addition to providing a CW signal, the Model 805 supports pulse modulation, either internally programmable or externally triggerable. The maximum modulation rate is 10 MHz and narrowest pulse width is 30 ns. A highspeed triggered parameter sweeping function with flexible sweeping profiles is available with the shortest step time of 5 μs. The synthesizer is well-shielded in a compact flange-mountable module measuring 134 × 95 × 25 mm. It weighs under 0.5 kg and consumes only 17 W, which enables it to use passive heat sinking, with easy and flexible mounting to a heat sink. Internal temperature monitoring is available to prevent the synthesizer from exceeding the recommended operating temperature range; if that occurs, the RF output stage will turn off. The synthesizer has a standard Ethernet port for connecting to a PC and controlling the unit with graphical interface software or using SCPI commands. The Model 805 frequency synthesizer supports external references of 100 MHz and 1 GHz with a frequency lock range of ±10 ppm. It also offers a 1 GHz reference output, allowing multiple units to be connected for phasecoherent sources. The first unit acts as the reference, with its 1 GHz frequency being looped through the other units. To lower costs, modules can be ordered without the internal OCXO when used with other Model 805 modules or an external reference. Phase coherence can be determined by the relative phase difference variation between channels set to the same frequency. The synthesizer utilizes a low-noise amplifier between the 1 GHz reference input and output, which has low additive phase noise, enabling the configuration of up to 16 phase-coherent channels. The Model 805 frequency synthesizer has multiple applications. It serves as a suitable clock for RF/microwave systems, especially when multi-channel and phase-coherent local oscil
Berkeley Nucleonics推出了一款新型紧凑型频率合成器805型,可提供100 kHz至22 GHz的精确稳定频率。其突出的特点之一是能够在各种应用中连接多个单元以实现相位相干性和多通道功能。805型是用户友好的,其紧凑的设计使其适合集成到各种形式和布局的射频/微波系统。805型频率合成器覆盖范围为100 kHz至22 GHz,使用图形控制软件的分辨率为10 mHz,使用SCPI命令的分辨率更高。由于其精确的OCXO,它的快速开关时间仅为5 μs,校准频率精度为±30 ppb,第一年老化为±0.5 ppm。输出功率范围为-40至+25 dBm,精度为±1.5 dB,分辨率为0.5 dB。相位可以从0到360度调节,分辨率为0.1度。其相位噪声在与1ghz载波的20khz偏移时为-132 dBc/Hz,在100hz偏移时为-110 dBc/Hz。次谐波和杂散信号低于-55 dBc。除了提供连续波信号外,805还支持内部可编程或外部可触发的脉冲调制。最大调制速率为10 MHz,最窄脉宽为30 ns。实现了高速触发参数扫描功能,扫描方式灵活,步长最短为5 μs。合成器在一个尺寸为134 × 95 × 25毫米的紧凑型法兰安装模块中被很好地屏蔽。它的重量不到0.5 kg,功耗仅为17 W,这使得它可以使用被动散热,并且可以轻松灵活地安装到散热片上。内部温度监控,防止合成器超过推荐的工作温度范围;如果发生这种情况,射频输出级将关闭。合成器有一个标准的以太网端口连接到PC机和控制单元与图形界面软件或使用SCPI命令。805型频率合成器支持100 MHz和1 GHz的外部参考,频率锁定范围为±10 ppm。它还提供1 GHz参考输出,允许多个单元连接相相干源。第一个单元作为参考,其1 GHz频率通过其他单元环路。为了降低成本,当与其他805型模块或外部参考一起使用时,可以订购没有内部OCXO的模块。相位相干性可以通过设置为相同频率的信道之间的相对相位差变化来确定。该合成器在1 GHz参考输入和输出之间采用低噪声放大器,具有低加性相位噪声,可配置多达16个相参通道。805型频率合成器具有多种应用。它可以作为射频/微波系统的合适时钟,特别是当需要多通道和相参本振时。它的能力调整个别通道相位提供精确的定时校准。它的相参、多通道配置是设计和测试雷达接收机、相控阵波束形成网络、量子计算仪器中的I/Q调制器、MIMO接收机和外差光谱系统的理想选择。欲了解更多信息,请通过info@berkeleynucleonics.com联系伯克利核子或访问网站berkeleynucleonics.com。n
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引用次数: 0
Elettra 2.0 Elettra 2。0
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186660
K. C. Prince
Introduction Elettra was one of the first third-generation synchrotrons in the world, and the first soft X-ray storage ring in Europe, having begun user operation in 1994. Over the years, many improvements have been made to the facility; for instance, the injection system was upgraded from a linac to a booster synchrotron, and top-up mode was implemented. There are 28 beamlines, including 10 using light from dipole magnets, and two using light provided by a superconducting 49-pole, 64mm period, 3.5 T wiggler. About 75% of userdedicated time is at 2 GeV with the remaining 25% at 2.4 GeV. Elettra is the only facility to operate at two energies, and at both energies, top-up mode is provided. Currently, the ring currents are 310 mA at 2 GeV and 160 mA at 2.4 GeV [1]. Since Elettra’s construction in the 1990s, there has been enormous progress in synchrotron technology, and so the management of Elettra decided some time ago that the whole machine should be upgraded by implementing these advances, in order to provide even better experimental facilities to users. Beginning in 2014, a series of workshops was organized to consult users and partners on their needs, specialized meetings of accelerator physicists discussed the best new designs, and new beamlines were planned. A preliminary Conceptual Design Report was produced in 2017 [2] and the project for a diffraction-limited light source, named Elettra 2.0, was presented to the Italian government. It was approved in 2019 with full funding [3]. Since then, a detailed technical design report was prepared [4] and work has proceeded on the planning, detailed design, and the initial steps of the upgrade, in spite of delays due to the pandemic and supply chain issues over the last year. The goal is to build an ultra low emittance light source, which delivers the highest number of photons per second, per unit area and per unit angle, in a small bandwidth; in other words, the maximum brilliance. It is well-established that the emittance of an electron bunch in a storage ring scales as the inverse cube of the number of dipole (bending) magnets, so that the design philosophy is clear: the existing dipole magnets must be replaced by a larger number of weaker magnets, and the design optimizes this requirement against factors such as geometric constraints, cost/benefit ratios, etc.
Elettra是世界上第一批第三代同步加速器之一,也是欧洲第一个软x射线存储环,于1994年开始用户运行。多年来,对设施进行了许多改进;例如,喷射系统从直线加速器升级为助推同步加速器,并实现了充值模式。有28条光束线,其中10条使用偶极磁体发出的光,2条使用超导49极,64mm周期,3.5 T摆动器提供的光。大约75%的用户专用时间为2gev,其余25%为2.4 GeV。Elettra是唯一一个以两种能量运行的设施,并且在两种能量下都提供充值模式。目前,环电流在2 GeV时为310 mA,在2.4 GeV时为160 mA。自从Elettra的建设在20世纪90年代以来,同步加速器技术已经取得了巨大的进步,因此Elettra的管理在一段时间前决定,整个机器应该通过实施这些进步来升级,以便为用户提供更好的实验设施。从2014年开始,组织了一系列的研讨会来咨询用户和合作伙伴的需求,加速器物理学家的专门会议讨论了最好的新设计,并计划了新的光束线。初步的概念设计报告于2017年发布,并向意大利政府提交了一个名为Elettra 2.0的衍射受限光源项目。该项目于2019年获得批准,并获得全额资金。从那时起,尽管去年因疫情和供应链问题而延迟,但仍准备了详细的技术设计报告,并继续进行规划、详细设计和升级的初步步骤。目标是建立一个超低发射率的光源,在小带宽下,每单位面积和单位角度每秒提供最多的光子数;换句话说,就是最大的辉煌。众所周知,存储环中电子束的发射度与偶极(弯曲)磁体的数量成反比,因此设计理念很明确:现有的偶极磁体必须被更多数量的弱磁体所取代,并且设计针对几何约束、成本/效益比等因素对这一要求进行了优化。
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引用次数: 0
Upgrade Project of the SOLEIL Accelerator Complex SOLEIL加速器综合体升级项目
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186661
A. Nadji, L. Nadolski
Introduction The synchrotron SOLEIL is the third-generation French synchrotron light source whose accelerators were commissioned in 2006 and have been opened to users since 2008 [1–3]. The facility provides extremely stable and brilliant photon beams to 29 beamlines using cuttingedge experimental techniques to analyze matter down to the atomic scale using a wide range of energy, ten decades from far infrared to hard X-rays. As a research laboratory and a service platform open to all scientific communities, including industry, the SOLEIL upgrade will be at the heart of the challenges of tomorrow by providing its users with a research tool with unparalleled performance in four main areas whose major benefits are indicated in parentheses: advanced material (material engineering, quantum material, information technologies), health (new pathogens, antibiotic resistance), energy/ sustainable development (batteries, catalysis/ green chemistry), and environment (impact of pollutants, global warming) [4]. The SOLEIL II project is currently in the Technical Design Report Phase (TDR). The project is divided into two phases of five years each. Phase 1, “Construction,” includes the realization of the accelerators, the modifications, and the adaptation of a group of beamlines and the related infrastructure. It also incorporates the accelerators’ shutdown (18-month dark period) and the beginning of the storage ring commissioning. Phase 2, “Towards Full Performance,” starts with the continuation of the storage ring commissioning and the first beamlines’ commissioning; it then progresses towards the full performance of the beamlines thanks to the availability of the latest generations of insertion devices (IDs) and state-ofthe-art beamline new components, allowing us to take full advantage of the coherence and the low emittance electron beam. The SOLEIL II project timescales have changed very recently with the shutdown taking place between mid2028 and the beginning of 2030. For its upgrade, the storage ring would be entirely replaced by a new ring using the new Multi-Bend Achromat (MBA) technology [5, 6] host in the same tunnel as today. While maintaining its broad spectrum of photons, the SOLEIL II project aims at maximizing the intensity of coherent photon flux (the highest possible brilliance and transverse coherence), especially for the beamlines working in the soft and tender Xray energy range. The strategy of SOLEIL II is based on the objective to obtain a natural horizontal emittance of less than 100 pm.rad, and to set horizontal and vertical β-functions close to the matching value at each insertion device source point, keeping the beam intensity at its maximum value of 500 mA and the same circumference of 354 m. In order to mitigate the anticipated large Touschek and Intrabeam scattering effects inherent to very low-emittance storage rings [7, 8] and to achieve a beam lifetime compatible with present shielding walls, the bunch length will be increased by
简介同步加速器SOLEIL是法国第三代同步加速器光源,其加速器于2006年投入使用,自2008年起向用户开放[1-3]。该设施使用尖端实验技术为29条光束线提供了极其稳定和明亮的光子束,以使用从远红外到硬X射线的十年的宽能量范围分析原子尺度的物质。作为一个向包括工业界在内的所有科学界开放的研究实验室和服务平台,SOLEIL的升级将成为未来挑战的核心,它将为用户提供一种在四个主要领域具有无与伦比性能的研究工具,括号中显示了这些领域的主要优势:先进材料(材料工程、量子材料、信息技术)、健康(新病原体、抗生素耐药性),能源/可持续发展(电池、催化/绿色化学)和环境(污染物的影响、全球变暖)[4]。SOLEIL II项目目前处于技术设计报告阶段。该项目分为两个阶段,每个阶段为期五年。第一阶段,“建设”,包括加速器的实现、一组波束线和相关基础设施的修改和适应。它还包括加速器的关闭(18个月的黑暗期)和存储环调试的开始。第二阶段,“迈向全面性能”,从存储环调试和第一束线调试的继续开始;然后,由于最新一代插入装置(ID)和最先进的束线新组件的可用性,它朝着束线的全面性能发展,使我们能够充分利用相干性和低发射度电子束。SOLEIL II项目的时间表最近发生了变化,关闭发生在2028年年中至2030年初。为了升级,存储环将被一个使用新的多弯曲消色差(MBA)技术[5,6]主机的新环完全取代,该主机位于与今天相同的隧道中。SOLEIL II项目在保持其宽光子光谱的同时,旨在最大限度地提高相干光子通量的强度(尽可能高的亮度和横向相干),特别是对于在软而柔和的X射线能量范围内工作的光束线。SOLEIL II的策略基于获得小于100 pm.rad的自然水平发射度的目标,并在每个插入设备源点设置接近匹配值的水平和垂直β-函数,将光束强度保持在其最大值500 mA和相同周长354 m。为了减轻极低发射度存储环[7,8]固有的预期大Touschek和束内散射效应,并实现与现有屏蔽壁兼容的束寿命,使用谐波射频(RF)系统[9,10],束长将增加三到四倍(定时模式填充模式的FWHM限制为100ps)。应实现这些目标,同时保持目前实现的稳定性(光束尺寸的2-3%)和可靠性(99%的光束可用性,平均故障间隔时间为100小时),并最大限度地降低运营成本,特别是使用技术解决方案的壁插电源,以显着减少其碳足迹。
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引用次数: 1
ExPaNDS: Laying the Foundations for Achieving Open Science for Everyone ExPaNDS:为实现人人共享的开放科学奠定基础
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2186664
Silvana Westbury, P. Fuhrmann, Juliane Marauska, Brian Matthews, A. Ashton, A. McBirnie, Carlo Minotti, A. Barty, M. Ounsy, Ana Valcarcel-Orti, Uwe Konrad, Kat Roarty, P. Millar
Diamond Light Source, the UK’s national synchrotron, has been leading work package 6 (WP6) responsible for dissemination and outreach, working alongside European light source and neutron source partners to deliver the foundations required for their collective science to be open to everyone. The collaboration of 10 national Photon and Neutron Research Infrastructures (PaN RIs) (Figure 1) from across Europe, based on the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) services in partnership with EGI [1], has worked closely with PaNOSC—a European project gathering six European RIs. The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Photon and Neutron Data Service grant (ExPaNDS) has worked to deliver a shift in policy to see FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) being considered and, in some cases, applied according to the users’ needs. One aspect of the work has looked to harmonize efforts to migrate a facility’s data analysis workflows to EOSC platforms, enabling them to be shared in a uniform way through the development of search Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) where it is possible to technically implement these. The ExPaNDS project plan was designed around these six work packages:
钻石光源是英国的国家同步加速器,一直领导着负责传播和推广的工作包6 (WP6),与欧洲光源和中子源合作伙伴一起工作,为他们的集体科学向所有人开放提供所需的基础。来自欧洲各地的10个国家光子和中子研究基础设施(PaN RIs)(图1)的合作,基于欧洲开放科学云(EOSC)服务,与EGI b[1]合作,与panosc(一个收集6个欧洲RIs的欧洲项目)密切合作。欧洲开放科学云(EOSC)光子和中子数据服务补助金(扩展)致力于实现政策转变,以考虑FAIR原则(可查找、可访问、可互操作、可重用),并在某些情况下根据用户需求应用。这项工作的一个方面是协调将数据分析工作流程迁移到EOSC平台的努力,使它们能够通过开发搜索应用程序编程接口(api)以统一的方式共享,从而有可能在技术上实现这些。扩展项目计划是围绕以下六个工作包设计的:
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引用次数: 0
X-ray Scattering for Soft Matter Research at NSLS-II. NSLS-II软物质研究的X射线散射
Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2023.2207449
Andi Barbour, Yong Q Cai, Andrei Fluerasu, Guillaume Freychet, Masafumi Fukuto, Oleg Gang, Eliot Gann, Ricarda Laasch, Ruipeng Li, Benjamin M Ocko, Esther H R Tsai, Patryk Wąsik, Lutz Wiegart, Kevin G Yager, Lin Yang, Honghu Zhang, Yugang Zhang
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引用次数: 0
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Synchrotron Radiation News
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