The article provides a literature review and summary in the field of territorial spatial planning based on China's proposed carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets. First, this paper reviews the historical development of carbon reduction planning in China, and concludes that the "double carbon" target is a new requirement and goal for low-carbon planning in China based on the new situation. Second, the paper summarizes the strategies and paths of different scales and systems of territorial spatial planning, and summarizes the opinions of scholars on carbon reduction. It also reflects on the current research progress and proposes corresponding research directions.
{"title":"A preliminary study on China’s territorial spatial planning under the Double Carbon goal","authors":"Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.2646092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646092","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a literature review and summary in the field of territorial spatial planning based on China's proposed carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets. First, this paper reviews the historical development of carbon reduction planning in China, and concludes that the \"double carbon\" target is a new requirement and goal for low-carbon planning in China based on the new situation. Second, the paper summarizes the strategies and paths of different scales and systems of territorial spatial planning, and summarizes the opinions of scholars on carbon reduction. It also reflects on the current research progress and proposes corresponding research directions.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124599407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global warming will result in the melting of glaciers and frozen soil, as well as increasing sea levels, endangering not only natural ecosystems but also humanity's survival. Therefore, the world should speed up its response to climate change and low-carbon transition. However, there are conflicts of interest between developed and developing countries, and some contradictions are deep-rooted. In order to find the future survival path of humanity, all countries need to make concessions to realise joint cooperation. The article studied the two significant issues facing international cooperation to achieve lowcarbon and examined the difficulties faced by the world's top ten greenhouse gas emitting developed and developing countries in the process of the low-carbon transition. Based on the research analyse and Covid-19 impact, some feasible suggestions for individuals and countries are put forward to achieve decarbonisation.
{"title":"Decarbonization pathways of the top 10 greenhouse gas emitters developed and developing countries","authors":"Y. Huang","doi":"10.1117/12.2646215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646215","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming will result in the melting of glaciers and frozen soil, as well as increasing sea levels, endangering not only natural ecosystems but also humanity's survival. Therefore, the world should speed up its response to climate change and low-carbon transition. However, there are conflicts of interest between developed and developing countries, and some contradictions are deep-rooted. In order to find the future survival path of humanity, all countries need to make concessions to realise joint cooperation. The article studied the two significant issues facing international cooperation to achieve lowcarbon and examined the difficulties faced by the world's top ten greenhouse gas emitting developed and developing countries in the process of the low-carbon transition. Based on the research analyse and Covid-19 impact, some feasible suggestions for individuals and countries are put forward to achieve decarbonisation.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123993114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper gives a general overview of the development of deep geothermal energy, the current technology implementation, the environmental and economic evaluation of geothermal energy system. Typical geothermal systems are introduced respectively including dry steam power plant, flash power plant, binary system, EGS technologies as well as heating system. Some new ideas and models for exploitation are gathered. It’s pointed out that utilizing geothermal fluid step by step (such as applying combined system) can improve the efficiency significantly because of the lower reinjection temperature. For the evaluation of geothermal systems, the emission intensity is nearly zero while it’s noteworthy that the toxic chemical may be released and geological disasters may be caused during drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Geothermal energy is competitive in electricity market due to the low running costs, and the installed capacity of geothermal energy will continue to increase.
{"title":"Deep geothermal energy: physical principles, current technology implementation, economics, and environmental evaluation","authors":"Zhizhong Wei, Yeming Yao, Dian Jin","doi":"10.1117/12.2646077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646077","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives a general overview of the development of deep geothermal energy, the current technology implementation, the environmental and economic evaluation of geothermal energy system. Typical geothermal systems are introduced respectively including dry steam power plant, flash power plant, binary system, EGS technologies as well as heating system. Some new ideas and models for exploitation are gathered. It’s pointed out that utilizing geothermal fluid step by step (such as applying combined system) can improve the efficiency significantly because of the lower reinjection temperature. For the evaluation of geothermal systems, the emission intensity is nearly zero while it’s noteworthy that the toxic chemical may be released and geological disasters may be caused during drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Geothermal energy is competitive in electricity market due to the low running costs, and the installed capacity of geothermal energy will continue to increase.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131804965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global warming caused by greenhouse gases is a common topic of the entire world. Most countries in the world classify carbon emissions as important considerations for economic development. This paper will highlight the carbon emissions pledges that China gives and actions that China has taken in recent years. Moreover, the writer will propose her suggestions to some areas that China government could try to develop in the future.
{"title":"Global climate change and China’s pathway to carbon neutrality","authors":"Mengke Dai","doi":"10.1117/12.2646219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646219","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming caused by greenhouse gases is a common topic of the entire world. Most countries in the world classify carbon emissions as important considerations for economic development. This paper will highlight the carbon emissions pledges that China gives and actions that China has taken in recent years. Moreover, the writer will propose her suggestions to some areas that China government could try to develop in the future.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132574910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid development of nano-droplets has attracted widespread attention. With a long period of development, wetting behaviors, surface evaporation, chemical analysis, and morphology control of nano-droplets are explored in the laboratory. The nano-droplets can be potentially useful in many interdisciplinary areas. Several potential applications in three areas will be reviewed, including the industry, the laboratory, and the medical treatment. Industrial applications involve cutting fluid in ultra-precision machining, surface agglomeration during 3D nano-inkjet printing process, in-plane silicon nanowire thin film transistors (TFTs), and anisotropic conductive adhesives for integrated electronics; laboratory applications involve nanoextraction and ultrafast microanalysis, “bottom-up” material preparation techniques, nanoscale liquid transport, and generation of nano-droplets in liquid media; applications in medical treatment involve intradermal vaccine delivery, proteomic analysis, and histotripsy. These applications have been demonstrated in industrial devices, chemical analysis, and a wide range of nanostructures with wetting properties. However, many other potential applications still remain to be explored. The need of exploring potential applications of novel and complex nano-droplets is still critical. In addition, trying to understand the size, such as the smallest size, of various kinds of nano-droplets is expected to enrich applications with nanotechnology.
{"title":"Exploration of potential applications of nano-droplets according to their basic properties","authors":"Zeyu Gu","doi":"10.1117/12.2646184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646184","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of nano-droplets has attracted widespread attention. With a long period of development, wetting behaviors, surface evaporation, chemical analysis, and morphology control of nano-droplets are explored in the laboratory. The nano-droplets can be potentially useful in many interdisciplinary areas. Several potential applications in three areas will be reviewed, including the industry, the laboratory, and the medical treatment. Industrial applications involve cutting fluid in ultra-precision machining, surface agglomeration during 3D nano-inkjet printing process, in-plane silicon nanowire thin film transistors (TFTs), and anisotropic conductive adhesives for integrated electronics; laboratory applications involve nanoextraction and ultrafast microanalysis, “bottom-up” material preparation techniques, nanoscale liquid transport, and generation of nano-droplets in liquid media; applications in medical treatment involve intradermal vaccine delivery, proteomic analysis, and histotripsy. These applications have been demonstrated in industrial devices, chemical analysis, and a wide range of nanostructures with wetting properties. However, many other potential applications still remain to be explored. The need of exploring potential applications of novel and complex nano-droplets is still critical. In addition, trying to understand the size, such as the smallest size, of various kinds of nano-droplets is expected to enrich applications with nanotechnology.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132729705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polysaccharide is a natural renewable resource which is rich, green, edible and degradable, so it is of great concern in the field of functional membrane material, and has gradually become a hot issue of today's scientific researches. In this paper, three typical polysaccharides: chitosan, sodium alginate and starch were summarized, and their molecular structures, film-forming properties, preparation and applications of antibacterial films were discussed, which provide reference for the research and development of antibacterial films based on polysaccharides in the future.
{"title":"The formation and application of polysaccharide-based antibacterial films","authors":"Ximei Yuan","doi":"10.1117/12.2646182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646182","url":null,"abstract":"Polysaccharide is a natural renewable resource which is rich, green, edible and degradable, so it is of great concern in the field of functional membrane material, and has gradually become a hot issue of today's scientific researches. In this paper, three typical polysaccharides: chitosan, sodium alginate and starch were summarized, and their molecular structures, film-forming properties, preparation and applications of antibacterial films were discussed, which provide reference for the research and development of antibacterial films based on polysaccharides in the future.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127418489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotubes were simulated and calculated to get their bandgap and density of states to predict their performance as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. With the insight of reducing the band gap by nanomaterialisation to improve the performance, ZnO nanotubes were fabricated with hydrothermal reaction. We tested its performance after 100 cycles and confirmed that nanotubes are better than bulk ZnO in many regards, including electron conductivity, bandgap, coulomb efficiency, cyclic stability. An excellent reversible capacity of 861 mAh g-1 was achieved after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA g-1. Compared with ZnO bulk, nanotubes show better stability and higher coulomb efficiency.
本研究对氧化锌(ZnO)纳米管进行了模拟和计算，得到了其带隙和态密度，以预测其作为锂离子电池负极材料的性能。以纳米化方式减小带隙以提高ZnO纳米管的性能为目标，采用水热反应法制备了ZnO纳米管。经过100次循环测试，纳米管在电子导电性、带隙、库仑效率、循环稳定性等方面优于体ZnO。在0.5 mA g-1下循环100次后，实现了861 mAh g-1的优异可逆容量。与ZnO本体相比，纳米管具有更好的稳定性和更高的库仑效率。
{"title":"Zinc oxide nanotubes for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes: experimental insights from computational results","authors":"Alexander He, Xuan Gao","doi":"10.1117/12.2646152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646152","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotubes were simulated and calculated to get their bandgap and density of states to predict their performance as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. With the insight of reducing the band gap by nanomaterialisation to improve the performance, ZnO nanotubes were fabricated with hydrothermal reaction. We tested its performance after 100 cycles and confirmed that nanotubes are better than bulk ZnO in many regards, including electron conductivity, bandgap, coulomb efficiency, cyclic stability. An excellent reversible capacity of 861 mAh g-1 was achieved after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA g-1. Compared with ZnO bulk, nanotubes show better stability and higher coulomb efficiency.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131247349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lithium-ion batteries have played a crucial role in modern society and are widely considered as a promising technology for storing energy. An electrode material has a significant effect on the performance of a lithium-ion battery. Over the last few years, this paper summarizes the recent research progress in three vital cathode materials, including layered oxides, spinel oxides, and olivine phosphates. Those research results indicate that doping is one of the very effective methods for improving performance.
{"title":"A review of the cathode materials development for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"R. Chang","doi":"10.1117/12.2646225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646225","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion batteries have played a crucial role in modern society and are widely considered as a promising technology for storing energy. An electrode material has a significant effect on the performance of a lithium-ion battery. Over the last few years, this paper summarizes the recent research progress in three vital cathode materials, including layered oxides, spinel oxides, and olivine phosphates. Those research results indicate that doping is one of the very effective methods for improving performance.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123602230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different kinds of superhydrophobic surfaces appear in the nature,which are studied by scientist to create artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that can be applied to various situations of application. This paper discusses some typical examples of natural superhydrophobic surfaces from plants and animals at first, then concludes current mainstream methods of preparation and testing of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that have multiple durability to suit different environments and purposes.
{"title":"Design and applications of superhydrophobic surfaces","authors":"Zihang Bin, Zikun Gan, Yu Shi","doi":"10.1117/12.2646226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646226","url":null,"abstract":"Different kinds of superhydrophobic surfaces appear in the nature,which are studied by scientist to create artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that can be applied to various situations of application. This paper discusses some typical examples of natural superhydrophobic surfaces from plants and animals at first, then concludes current mainstream methods of preparation and testing of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that have multiple durability to suit different environments and purposes.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has shown threat to ecosystem and human being due to their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, and worldwide concern for PAHs degradation has increased in the past decades. Biofilm is proved to be more efficient than planktonic cells in PAHs degradation process, due to their high tolerance to harsh environments and regulation mechanisms. Therefore, biofilm, as an eco-friendly and efficient method, has been widely and successfully used for PAHs degradation. This review discussed biofilm’s composition and formation, mechanism of biofilm-mediates PAHs degradation. Furthermore, the main factors influencing biofilm-mediated PAHs degradation are described, these factors can affect PAHs degradation by influencing metabolic pathway and/or biofilm growth. Physical factors, like pH and temperature, are directly influencing microorganisms’ activity, while nutrient supplements and bioavailability also play critical role in the degradation process. The current applications of biofilm-mediates PAHs degradation are also reviewed, including various biofilm reactors and in-situ methods. However, there are some problems that needs to be addressed for large-scale application of biofilm, such as limited research conditions. Overall, this article reviews biofilm-mediated PAHs degradation in many aspects, and provides some ideas of future research direction.
{"title":"Recent advance of biofilm mediated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation","authors":"R. Guo","doi":"10.1117/12.2646029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646029","url":null,"abstract":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has shown threat to ecosystem and human being due to their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, and worldwide concern for PAHs degradation has increased in the past decades. Biofilm is proved to be more efficient than planktonic cells in PAHs degradation process, due to their high tolerance to harsh environments and regulation mechanisms. Therefore, biofilm, as an eco-friendly and efficient method, has been widely and successfully used for PAHs degradation. This review discussed biofilm’s composition and formation, mechanism of biofilm-mediates PAHs degradation. Furthermore, the main factors influencing biofilm-mediated PAHs degradation are described, these factors can affect PAHs degradation by influencing metabolic pathway and/or biofilm growth. Physical factors, like pH and temperature, are directly influencing microorganisms’ activity, while nutrient supplements and bioavailability also play critical role in the degradation process. The current applications of biofilm-mediates PAHs degradation are also reviewed, including various biofilm reactors and in-situ methods. However, there are some problems that needs to be addressed for large-scale application of biofilm, such as limited research conditions. Overall, this article reviews biofilm-mediated PAHs degradation in many aspects, and provides some ideas of future research direction.","PeriodicalId":390588,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131505137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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